中等强度运动对糖尿病患者血糖的影响

目的探讨中等强度运动疗法对糖尿病患者血糖的影响。方法从某校附属医院糖尿病康复协会筛选出40例糖尿病患者．在专业体育教师指导下进行中等强度运动锻炼,每天1h。持续1个月。结果空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖运动干预前及干预1个月后比较,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）;患者进行中等强度运动期间运动后血糖随运动时间延长呈下降趋势,与运动前血糖比较,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。结论糖尿病患者餐后2h进行中等强度运动不仅能降低即时血糖,同时又能降低空腹血糖和餐后血糖。     

糖尿病患者中等强度运动效果探讨

目的 探讨中等强度运动对2型糖尿病患者体质量、血糖及心理的影响.方法 将79例糖尿病患者随机分为干预组(40例)及对照组(39例).对照组自行运动,干预组分阶段从教师指导逐步过渡到按计划进行中等强度的规范运动.10个月后比较两组干预效果.结果 两组干预后血糖、糖化血红蛋白、体重指教以及焦虑、抑郁等项目指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05.P＜0.01).结论 对2型糖尿病患者实施中等强度的运动护理干预,能有效控制血糖,进而减轻患者焦虑和抑郁症状,促进其康复.     

团队式授权教育在2型糖尿病患者运动治疗中的应用

目的 探讨团队式授权教育对2型糖尿病患者运动治疗的效果.方法 将90例2型糖尿病患者随机分为常规组和授权组各45例;分别采用常规糖尿病运动教育和团队式授权教育.结果 干预3个月后,两组空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平及患者运动依从性比较,授权组患者显著优于常规组,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).结论 以授权理论指导的糖尿病运动治疗教育,能显著改善患者血糖控制水平,提高患者运动依从性.     

糖尿病患者中等强度运动效果探讨

目的探讨中等强度运动对2型糖尿病患者体质量、血糖及心理的影响。方法将79例糖尿病患者随机分为干预组（40倒）及对照组（39例）。对照组自行运动,干预组分阶段从教师指导逐步过渡到按计划进行中等强度的规范运动。10个月后比较两组干预效果。结果两组干预后血糖、糖化血红蛋白、体重指数以及焦虑、抑郁等项目指标比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。结论对2型糖尿病患者实施中等强度的运动护理干预,能有效控制血糖,进而减轻患者焦虑和抑郁症状,促进其康复。     

老年2型糖尿病患者运动疗法中的护理干预

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者在运动疗法中实施护理干预的效果.方法 将70例老年2型糖尿病患者随机分为干预组和对照组各35例.两组均给予饮食、心理疗法及药物治疗.对照组自行锻炼,干预组对运动疗法中的运动方式、强度、时间、时机等进行护理干预.结果 干预1个月后,干预组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白值显著低于对照组(均P＜0.05);同时干预组血压改善明显(均P＜0.05),血糖水平控制总有效率达80.00%(均P＜0.05).结论 对老年2型糖尿病患者的运动疗法实施护理干预,可使运动安全有效,不但减少了降糖药物的用量,缩短疗程,延缓了并发症的发生和发展,而且提高了患者的生活质量.     

社区护理干预对糖尿病患者遵医行为及血糖控制情况的影响分析

目的：探讨社区护理干预对糖尿病患者遵医行为及血糖控制情况的影响。方法选取2012年11月~2013年11月本院收治的糖尿病患者75例进行研究,随机分为两组,均常规服用降糖药物,对照组37例实施常规的健康教育及护理,观察组38例在常规健康教育及护理的基础上实施社区护理干预,比较两组遵医率、出院时及随访结束血糖控制情况。结果观察组复查、饮食、服药、自我监测及运动的遵医率与对照组比较较高（P＜0.05）。两组随访结束时空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖均低于出院时,但是观察组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,随访结束时观察组空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论社区护理干预能使糖尿病患者的遵医率提高,控制血糖效果较好,可以推广应用。     

对2型糖尿病患者实施俱乐部式健康教育效果探讨

目的 评价俱乐部式健康教育对2型糖尿病患者自我管理水平的干预效果.方法 对127例参加“俱乐部”的门诊糖尿病患者进行为期6个月的健康教育干预,干预前后分别测评其血糖、糖化血红蛋白、自我管理水平并进行比较.结果 接受俱乐部形式健康教育后,患者自我管理总分由159.62分提高到181.51分,空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白值较教育前显著降低(均P＜0.01).结论 俱乐部式健康教育可提高2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力,降低血糖.     

餐后不同时间点运动对2型糖尿病患者血糖的影响

目的探讨早餐后不同时间点运动对2型糖尿病患者血糖的影响。方法将120例2型糖尿病患者,按随机数字法分为A组(早餐后90 min运动组)、B组(早餐后120 min运动组)、C组(早餐后150 min运动组),每组各40例。三组患者运动方式均采取2.0 km的快走运动,速度为4.0～5.0 km/h。检测空腹、运动前、运动后即刻、11:00(中餐前)血糖值。结果三组患者空腹血糖和运动前血糖比较,差异无统计学意义(均P0.05);三组运动后即刻、11:00血糖值比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。B、C组运动后即刻血糖及11:00血糖与A组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。C组11:00发生低血糖5例。结论 2型糖尿病患者在早餐后120 min和餐后150 min运动降低血糖效果明显优于早餐后90 min,但早餐后150 min运动低血糖发生的风险较高,选择早餐后120 min运动较好,但仍需进一步研究验证。     

妊娠期糖尿病患者剖宫产术围术期营养及运动管理的临床效果分析

目的 探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者剖宫产术围术期营养及运动管理的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2020-01—2022-12汝州市第一人民医院妇产科行剖宫产的82例GDM患者的临床资料。分为围术期常规护理组(对照组)和在常规护理的基础上联合营养及运动管理等干预组(观察组),每组41例。比较2组患者的术中出血量、术后恢复情况，以及并发症发生率。统计干预前后2组患者的空腹血糖及餐后2h的血糖水平。结果 观察组患者的术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、恶露排净时间，以及住院时间均短(少)于对照组，术后并发症发生率低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前2组患者的空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后第3天2组患者的空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖水平均较干预前明显改善，且观察组患者改善效果更优，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在GDM患者剖宫产术的围术期，加强营养及运动管理干预，能够减轻手术创伤和减少术后并发症，并促进患者术后顺利恢复和改善血糖水平。     

集体运动联合家庭跟进式干预对妊娠期糖尿病患者的影响

目的探讨集体运动联合家庭跟进式干预对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖控制效果和妊娠结局的影响。方法将60例妊娠期糖尿病患者,按入院先后顺序分为干预组和对照组各30例。两组均给予常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上接受为期8周左右的集体运动联合家庭跟进式干预。结果干预组干预后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.01),干预组运动依从性好,新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的发生率显著低于对照组(均P0.01)。结论集体运动联合家庭跟进式干预能有效降低孕妇血糖,减少新生儿并发症的发生,促进母婴健康。     

Effect of splinting and exercise on intraneural edema of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome--an MRI study to reveal therapeutic mechanisms

Splinting and nerve and tendon gliding exercises are commonly used to treat carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). It has been postulated that both modalities reduce intraneural edema. To test this hypothesis, 20 patients with mild to moderate CTS were randomly allocated to either night splinting or a home program of nerve and tendon gliding exercises. Magnetic resonance images of the wrist were taken at baseline, immediately after 10 min of splinting or exercise, and following 1 week of intervention. Primary outcome measures were signal intensity of the median nerve at the wrist as a measure of intraneural edema and palmar bowing of the carpal ligament. Secondary outcome measures were changes in symptom severity and function. Following 1 week of intervention, but not immediately after 10 min, signal intensity of the median nerve was reduced by ≈ 11% at the radioulnar level for both interventions (p = 0.03). This was accompanied by a mild improvement in symptoms and function (p < 0.004). A similar reduction in signal intensity is not observed in patients who only receive advice to remain active. No changes in signal intensity were identified further distally (p > 0.28). Ligament bowing remained unchanged (p > 0.08). Intraneural edema reduction is a likely therapeutic mechanism of splinting and exercise.     

Acute Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Responses to Resistance Exercise in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Pilot Study

Little is known about the inflammatory effects of resistance exercise in healthy and even less in diseased individuals such as cardiac patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the acute pro- and anti-inflammatory responses during resistance exercise (RE) in patients with coronary artery disease. Eight low risk patients completed two acute RE protocols at low (50% of 1 RM; 2x18 rps) and moderate intensity (75% of 1 RM; 3x8 rps) in random order. Both protocols included six exercises and had the same total load volume. Blood samples were obtained before, immediately after and 60 minutes after each protocol for the determination of lactate, TNFα, INF-γ, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β₁, and hsCRP concentrations. IL-6 and IL-10 levels increased (p < 0.05) immediately after both RE protocols with no differences between protocols. INF-γ was significantly lower (p < 0.05) 60 min after the low intensity protocol, whereas TGF-β1 increased (p < 0.05) immediately after the low intensity protocol. There were no differences in TNF-& and hs-CRP after both RE protocols or between protocols. The above data indicate that acute resistance exercise performed at low to moderate intensity in low risk, trained CAD patients is safe and does not exacerbate the inflammation associated with their disease.

Key points

• Acute resistance exercise is safe without exacerbating inflammation in patients with CAD.
• Both exercise intensities (50 and 75% of 1 RM) elicit desirable pro-and anti-inflammatory responses.
• With both exercise intensities (50 and 75% of 1 RM) acceptable clinical hemodynamic alterations were observed.

Key words: Resistance exercise, inflammation, cardiac rehabilitation     

Therapeutic and stabilization exercises after manual therapy in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain: A randomised clinical trial

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine and compare the effects of therapeutic and stabilization exercises prescribed to patients after manual therapy sessions on pain, neck range of motion and disability.MethodsThirty patients with non-specific chronic neck pain were recruited. After the initial examination, one session of manual therapy was conducted. The examinations were repeated to assess the effect of manual therapy on pain intensity and neck range of motion. After manual therapy, patients were randomly allocated into two groups: stabilization exercise group (SEG) and therapeutic exercise group (2 days/week/6 week). Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analog scale. Joint movements assessed using goniometer and the lateral scapular shift test for scapular dyskinesia. In addition, disability status was assessed using a neck disability index.ResultsIn all patients, manual therapy decreased pain intensity and increased joint movements (p < 0.05). After 6 weeks of exercise therapy, pain intensity, neck flexion, extension, lateral flexion movement and disability improved in SEG (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that stabilization exercises combined with manual therapy had more positive effects among patients with non-specific chronic neck pain.Implications for practice

• •The treatment for non-specific chronic neck pain should be supported with exercises after manual therapy sessions for reducing neck pain.
• •Instead of therapeutic isometric exercises, which are often clinically prescribed as home exercises, stabilization exercises may be preferred as they are performed by maintaining the neutral position of the neck and include stretching.

     

Different Circulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Responses to Acute Exercise Between Physically Active and Sedentary Subjects

Although circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level is affected by both acute and chronic physical activity, the interaction of acute and chronic physical activity was still unclear. In this study, we compared the serum and plasma BDNF responses to maximal and submaximal acute exercises between physically active and sedentary subjects. Eight active and 8 sedentary female subjects participated in the present study. Both groups performed 3 exercise tests with different intensities, i.e. 100% (maximal), 60% (moderate) and 40% (low) of their peak oxygen uptake. In each exercise test, blood samples were taken at the baseline and immediately, 30 and 60 min after the test. The serum BDNF concentration was found to significantly increase immediately after maximal and moderate exercise tests in both groups. In maximal exercise test, the pattern of change in the serum BDNF concentration was different between the groups. While the serum BDNF level for the sedentary group returned to the baseline level during the recovery phase, the BDNF levels for the active group decreased below the baseline level after the maximal exercise test. No group differences were observed in the pattern of plasma BDNF change for all exercise tests. These findings suggest that regular exercise facilitates the utilization of circulating BDNF during and/or after acute exercise with maximal intensity.

Key points

• In maximal exercise test, the pattern of change in the serum BDNF concentration was different between the groups.
• While the serum BDNF level for the sedentary group returned to the baseline level during the recovery phase, the BDNF levels for the active group decreased below the baseline level after the maximal exercise test.
• No group differences were observed in the pattern of serum BDNF change for moderate or low exercise tests.
• No group differences were observed in the pattern of plasma BDNF change for all exercise tests.

Key words: Serum BDNF, plasma BDNF, acute exercise     

Effect of moderate exercise training on peripheral glucose effectiveness, insulin sensitivity, and endogenous glucose production in healthy humans estimated by a two-compartment-labeled minimal model

For examining the effects of moderate exercise training on peripheral glucose effectiveness (S(g)(2)*), insulin sensitivity (S(i)(2)*), and endogenous glucose production (EGP), seven men and one woman (24.8 +/- 1.8 years) participated in cycle ergometer training at lactate threshold intensity for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks. Stable-labeled frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed before and 16 h and 1 week after the last training session. S(g)(2)* (pre 0.71 +/- 0.03 x 10(-2), 16 h 0.85 +/- 0.02 x 10(-2) dl. kg(-1). min(-1)) and S(i)(2)* (pre 12.6 +/- 2.6 x 10(-4), 16 h 19.7 +/- 3.3 x 10(-4) dl. kg(-1). min(-1). [ micro U/ml](-1)), analyzed using the two-compartment minimal model, were significantly elevated 16 h after the last training session. The elevated S(g)(2)* remained higher despite the cessation of exercise training for 1 week (1.00 +/- 0.03 x 10(-2) dl. kg(-1). min(-1)). EGP was suppressed within 20 min after glucose bolus, and the suppression of EGP was followed by their overshoot. The time course of EGP during the intravenous glucose tolerance test remained similar after the training period. In conclusion, moderate exercise training at lactate threshold improves not only peripheral insulin sensitivity but also peripheral glucose effectiveness with no change in the effect of glucose and/or insulin to suppress EGP in healthy humans.     

Short-term administration of captopril and nifedipine and exercise-induced albuminuria in normotensive diabetic patients with early-stage nephropathy

Recent studies have demonstrated that short-term angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition with captopril can reduce urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) after exercise in normotensive diabetic patients with early-stage nephropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this effect of ACE inhibition was due to a systemic hypotensive action or a specific action at the intrarenal level. Thus, we compared the acute effects of captopril and the Ca2(+)-channel blocker nifedipine on exercise-induced UAER in normotensive (blood pressure less than 165/95 mmHg) diabetic patients who were normoalbuminuric or microalbuminuric at rest (stage 2 or 3 of diabetic nephropathy). Twenty-five stage 2 diabetic nephropathy patients, 39 stage 3 diabetic nephropathy patients, and 12 nondiabetic subjects performed five submaximal cycloergometric exercises (90% of theoretical heart rate) on nonconsecutive days. The first two exercises were performed in basal conditions; the next three exercises were performed 24 h after administration of captopril (25 mg twice daily) or nifedipine AR (20 mg twice daily) or placebo (1 tablet twice daily) according to a randomized double-blind crossover trial. After placebo, blood pressure and UAER did not change at rest or 1 h after exercise. After captopril, blood pressure at rest and during exercise was similar to that observed after placebo. UAER at rest was not modified, whereas 1 h after exercise, it was significantly decreased both in stage 2 and stage 3 diabetic nephropathy patients (P less than 0.001). After nifedipine, blood pressure decreased significantly at rest and during exercise in respect to placebo and captopril. UAER at rest did not change significantly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

High-intensity versus low-level laser therapy in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

The aim of this randomized controlled study was to compare the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on pain relief and functional improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A total of 53 male patients participated in this study, with a mean (SD) age of 54.6 (8.49) years. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups and treated with HILT and exercise (HILT?+?EX), LLLT and exercise (LLLT?+?EX), and placebo laser plus exercise (PL?+?EX) in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The outcomes measured were pain level measured by visual analog scale (VAS) and knee function measured by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Statistical analyses were performed to compare the differences between baseline and posttreatment measurements. The level of statistical significance was set as P?<?0.05. The result showed that HILT and LLLT combined with exercise were effective treatment modalities in decreasing the VAS and WOMAC scores after 6 weeks of treatment. HILT combined with exercises was more effective than LLLT combined with exercises, and both treatment modalities were better than exercises alone in the treatment of patients with KOA.     

心力衰竭患者家庭运动行为的自我效能干预

目的探讨运动自我效能干预对心力衰竭患者家庭运动行为的影响。方法将2016年5~7月住院符合纳入标准的40例患者作为对照组,8~10月38例患者作为干预组。对照组进行常规健康教育,干预组针对患者运动自我效能进行干预。分别评估患者入组时和出院后4个月的运动自我效能,并嘱患者出院后记录运动日志(包括运动形式、频率、时间和强度等)。对完成随访且资料完整的71例患者(对照组37例,干预组34例)的数据进行分析。结果干预后,干预组运动自我效能得分和运动频率、时间及强度显著优于对照组(P0.05,P0.01)。结论运动自我效能干预能有效提高心力衰竭患者的运动自我效能水平,改善家庭运动行为。     

Prospective Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Home-Based Program of Isometric Strengthening Exercises: 12-Month Follow-up

Background

The aim of this prospective randomized clinical trial was to investigate the efficacy of a home-based program of isometric strengthening exercises for the treatment of the lateral epicondylitis (LE) of the distal humerus. We hypothesized that 1) use of isometric strengthening exercises would result in clinical benefits similar to those provided by medication and pain relief and 2) functional improvements after exercise would be time-dependent.

Methods

Patients were assigned to one of two groups: 1) an immediate physical therapy group (group I), or 2) a delayed physical therapy group (group D). Group I patients (n = 16) were instructed how to do the exercises at their first clinic visit and immediately carried out the exercise program. Group D patients (n = 15) learned and did the exercises after being on medications for 4 weeks.

Results

Outcomes at the 1-month clinic visit indicated that pain (measured using a visual analogue scale [VAS]) had been significantly reduced in group I compared to group D (p < 0.01). However, significant differences between groups were not found at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up for either VAS scores or Mayo elbow performance scores. For modified Nirschl/Pettrone scores, a significant difference between groups was found only at the 1-month follow-up visit. By then, the number of participants who returned to all activities with no pain or occasional mild pain was six (37%) in Group I and two (13%) in Group D (p = 0.031). At the final follow-up visit, 88% of all participants performed physical activities without pain.

Conclusions

Isometric strengthening exercises done early in the course of LE (within 4 weeks) provides a clinically significant improvement.