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餐厨垃圾高效好氧堆肥小试装置及机理研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将粒径为30 mm的餐厨垃圾与锯末混合均匀,调节含水率至50%后进行小规模好氧堆肥试验,通过测定堆料的温度、pH、水溶性C/N和总有机碳下降率推断反应进程.结果表明:堆肥反应装置可以使堆肥顺利升温.最高温度达到60.5℃,并且高温期(>55℃)持续6 d,所得堆肥产品的理化性质和卫生指标符合国家相关标准.通过通入40℃恒温水提高堆肥的环境温度,可加快堆温的提升,提高堆肥效率和热灭活效果. 相似文献
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为探究堆肥回料替代部分餐厨垃圾好氧堆肥调理剂的可行性,采用中试规模的达诺滚筒(DANO)动态堆肥和静态堆肥结合的二步法堆肥工艺开展试验。将锯末和稻草分别与回料混合使用,分析不同比例(0、10%、20%和30%,分别记为M1、MH1-1、MH1-2、MH1-3、D1、DH2-1、DH2-2和DH2-3)回料替代部分调理剂进行好氧堆肥的效果。结果表明:利用DANO一次堆肥可以使堆体快速升温,且添加回料可以促进升温,7个批次可以维持大于55℃堆温超过12 d;回料添加量越大,易降解有机物越低,降解速度也越慢。锯末和稻草批次平均C/N降低率分别为5.42%和40.31%。添加回料能降低堆体生物毒性(8个批次的GI分别为48.35%、66.23%、54.78%、52.43%、71.89%、80.89%、73.12%和66.86%),提高腐熟度,从而提高GI。初始C/N、回料添加量和初始含水率分别控制在19∶1~24∶1、10%~20%和55%~60%情况下,二步法堆肥成品相关核心技术指标均符合NY/T 525—2021有机肥料的要求。 相似文献
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沈阳市源分类有机生活垃圾堆肥研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了城市有机生活垃圾源分类的重要性,同时对源分类城市有机生活垃圾进行两组不同物料配比的堆肥实验,在堆肥周期内对堆体的重要影响参数(水分、有机分、灰分、堆体温度、pH、堆体质量等)进行了测定,最后根据实验数据分析堆肥实验的影响因素并得出结论:(1)沈阳市生活垃圾含水率偏高不利于直接进行堆肥,添加秸秆作为填充剂进行堆肥是可行的;(2)沈阳市城市生活有机垃圾和秸秆混合后进行为期21 d堆肥处理,其堆肥最终生物降解率为60%~74%.其物料的含水率对生物降解率有较大的影响. 相似文献
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垃圾粪便混合堆肥恶臭的凝结法预处理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用负压抽吸通风堆体对垃圾和粪便混合物进行堆肥,添加秸秆为调理剂,并采用塑料球形填料接触塔凝结法除臭.结果表明:添加石灰使堆肥前期氨氮的释放量增加,但由于加快了堆肥过程,缩短了释放时间,氨氮的总释放量没有加大.该堆体产生的NH3浓度为37~165 mg/L,高温期浓度最大,凝结除臭后出气NH3为32~117 mg/L,去除率为5%~35%.未添加石灰的堆体产生NH3为32~150 mg/L,凝结除臭后出气NH3为29~103 mg/L,去除率为4%~36%.凝结法对H2S的去除率为34%~82%,出气H2S为0.19~0.34 mg/L,进气浓度和温度越高,去除率越高.堆肥初期有机物分解产生的大部分的挥发酸和小分子有机物都溶解于冷凝的水蒸气中,凝结水COD在堆肥过程中逐渐增加,高温期最高. 相似文献
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以城市生活垃圾为堆肥原料,庭院垃圾和秸秆为填充料,进行了2组堆肥实验,在堆肥周期内定期测定了含水率、有机质含量、灰分含量、堆体质量和堆体温度等参数,并根据所得实验数据对堆肥的影响因素进行了分析。 相似文献
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强制通风堆肥技术处理农村生活垃圾的可行性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对北京市海淀区北部新区农村生活垃圾中的有机成分进行3组不同物料配比的堆肥试验,在堆肥周期内对堆体的理化性质、腐熟度指标与控制参数进行了研究.结果表明:农村生活垃圾中的有机成分含水率偏高,不利于直接堆肥.采用强制通风静态好氧堆肥,堆肥过程中温度、含水率、体积、pH、电导率、碳氮比的变化与一般堆肥过程各参数的变化规律相似,... 相似文献
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城市废弃物混合堆肥处理的工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
城市垃圾、排水管污泥、城市污水处理厂脱水污泥按照7:1.5:1.5进行混合堆肥,堆肥工艺为预处理、一次发酵、二次发酵、后处理,并分别对发酵过程中的温度、氧浓度、含水率、垃圾容重、碳氮比等指标进行了分析测定,得出最适合的堆肥比例为城市垃圾66%-74%,排水管污泥为13%~17%,城市污水处理厂脱水污泥为13%~17%,含水率应控制在46%~48%,通风能力每立方米堆层应大于50m^3/h,温度应控制在55~65℃,一次发酵为10d,二次发酵为15d,堆肥成品均符合有关国家标准。 相似文献
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During composting limited degradation of organic matter occurs due to the influence of various factors such as presence of lignin, resistant nature of cellulose, high temperature, etc. During windrow composting, temperature within the waste mass rises and limitation in degradability of organic matter, studies on composting in temperature range of 45-60 degrees C were carried out. With a view to observe the effect of pretreatment for improving composting, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) was subjected to alkali treatment using lime, and ammonia gas circulation in the waste mass. In practice aerobic condition within the windrow is ensured by turning/mixing the waste 5-6 times during the composting period. In the present study to find out the extent of aerobic condition, the waste mass was composted in the masony brick tank which was provided with honeycomb opening from all the sides. Similarly composting was also carried out on perforated false bottom. Various parameters such as fermentable organic substance (FOS), carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio and temperature were monitored for the waste mass undergoing composting. The study reveals that experiments with aeration from bottom as well as surface followed by alkaline treatment give better composting performance. 相似文献
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以广州市番禺区猛涌村生活垃圾为研究对象,采用生物稳定化技术,通过12d高温发酵,12d后熟化,12d最终熟化的堆肥方式来处理研究,结果表明:温度能达到60℃至少10d以上,使堆肥无害化;水分在堆肥结束时为29.7%,pH为7.87,水溶性碳(wsc)为4.45g/kg,堆肥腐熟度好。浸提液NH3-N浓度为15.1mg/L,是峰值(93.8mg/L)的16.1%;COD浓度1770mg/L,为峰值(16266mg/L)的10.9%,生活垃圾污染潜力大大消减,稳定性提高。筛分后的堆肥产品,总养分含量(N+P20,+K:0)超过4%。 相似文献
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污泥好氧堆肥不同阶段通风量研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
讨论了通风控制对污泥好氧堆肥堆体温度变化的影响,分析了堆体温度变化曲线与合理通风量之间的关系。并根据不同学者的研究结果,提出污泥好氧堆肥合理通风量及控制方式,指出在污泥好氧堆肥堆体起爆阶段采用微量0.01m3/(m3.min)通风,缓慢升温阶段通风量为0.02m3/(m3.min),快速升温期通风量为0.04m3/(m3.min),高温维持期通风量为n17m3/(m3·min),降温期通风量为0.04m3/(m3·min)。通风控制采用温度反馈一时间联合控制方式,通风间隔为20min。 相似文献
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Berns AE Schnitzler F Drewes N Vereecken H Burauel P 《Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC》2007,26(10):2151-2157
The effect of organic carbon amendment on the fate of benazolin was investigated in undisturbed soil columns. The soil columns were obtained from three different soil types located in three different regions with different crop production regimes. All soils were operated in a normal crop production regime, and one of the soils was additionally operated in low and high crop production regimes. Two experimental setups were conducted, one using [(14)C]maize straw and nonlabeled benazolin and one using nonlabeled maize straw and [(14)C]benazolin. The column experiments with [(14)C]maize straw showed that the residual crop residues remained mainly in the top layer. Benazolin and its metabolites showed a higher retention in columns that were amended with maize straw compared to column without amendment. The production regimes of the soils did not influence the behavior of benazolin. The effect of maize straw incorporation on the translocation and degradation of benazolin could well be caused by a change in the soil microbial activity, leading to an enhanced degradation of benazolin and producing metabolites exhibiting a sorption behavior different from the parent. 相似文献