慢性心力衰竭患者血浆miRNA表达谱分析

目的：对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者的血浆miRNA进行二代测序,探讨CHF患者血浆中miRNA的表达差异。方法收集2013年7月至2015年6月间在北京大学深圳医院治疗的40例CHF患者和10例健康对照个体,应用第二代高通量测序技术对其血浆miRNA进行测序,寻找差异表达的miRNA。另收集同期CHF患者和健康对照个体各96例,用逆转录-实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应对差异表达的miRNA进行验证。结果与健康对照者相比,高通量测序显示在CHF患者的血浆中miR-184、miR-651-5p、miR-130b-5p、miR-203a-3p、miR-548e-3p和miR-106a-5p的表达水平存在显著上调,miR-31-5p和miR-5091的表达水平存在下调,逆转录-实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测血浆miRNA的表达差异与高通量测序的结果相符。结论 CHF患者的血浆miRNA与健康个体的表达谱存在差异,差异表达的miR-184、miR-651-5p、miR-130b-5p、miR-203a-3p、miR-548e-3p、miR-106a-5p、miR-31-5p和miR-5091或许与CHF的发生有关。     

血浆microRNA分子联合检测在前列腺癌中的诊断价值

目的: 分析前列腺癌患者血浆microRNA（miRNA）分子的差异表达,探索血浆miRNA分子联合检测在前列腺癌中的诊断潜能。 方法：应用GEO公共数据库筛选前列腺癌患者血浆及血清差异性表达的miRNA;收集上海市宝山区中西医结合医院诊治的前列腺癌患者、慢性前列腺炎患者以及健康体检人群血浆样本,采用反转录荧光定量PCR对候选血浆miRNA表达水平进行验证;应用受试者工作特征模型分析候选miRNA分子以及联合miRNA对前列腺癌的诊断价值。 结果：通过生物信息学分析,获得26个前列腺癌相关的差异miRNA分子,经NCC-AUC模型进一步筛选, miR-21-5p、miR-5189-5p和miR-6780a-5p以综合评分最高进入临床样本验证阶段。结果显示,血浆miR-21-5p在健康对照组、慢性前列腺炎组、前列腺癌组中依次升高,三组之间具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。慢性前列腺炎组血浆miR-5189-5p水平显著低于前列腺癌组与健康对照组（P<0.001）。血浆miR-6780a-5p在前列腺癌组的表达水平显著高于慢性前列腺炎组和健康对照组（P<0.001）。ROC模型显示,血浆miR-21-5p及miR-6780a-5p均有较好的诊断潜能（P<0.001）,曲线下面积AUC分别为0.695和0.787,敏感度分别为95.6%和64.45%,特异度为41.5%和81.7%。联合使用miR-21-5p和miR-6780a-5p诊断,AUC为0.830,敏感度和特异度分别为82.2%和74.4%,可有效提高诊断效能。 结论：血浆miR-21-5p、miR-6780a-5p均有成为前列腺癌诊断标志物的潜能,两者联合显著提高前列腺癌诊断效能。     

血浆microRNA在接触职业性噪声男性工人中的表达

目的:探讨男性工人血浆miRNA在非接噪组?接噪组和高频听损组之间的差异表达?方法:30例男性工人分为非接噪组?接噪组和高频听损组,对其miRNA的差异表达进行芯片初筛,再用qRT-PCR验证6个miRNA是否存在差异表达,然后借助GO富集分析和KEGG信号通路分析预测miRNA推定靶基因可能参与调控的生物学过程和功能?结果:与非接噪组比,接噪组血浆let-7d(P=0.002)?miR-16(P < 0.001)?miR-24(P < 0.001)?miR-185(P < 0.001)和miR-451a(P=0.011) 表达均显著下调;与接噪组相比,高频听损组血浆miR-16(P < 0.001)表达显著上调,且与芯片结果一致?结论:let-7d?miR-16?miR-24?miR-185和miR-451a可能参与调控机体对噪声刺激的反应过程,并且miR-16有前景成为噪声导致高频听力损伤的生物标志?     

肺结核患者外周血miRNA分子表达及临床意义研究

目的 探讨肺结核患者外周血微小RNAs(miRNA)分子表达水平及临床意义,为临床早期诊断提供参考依据。 方法 选择2012年1月—2014年12月收治的30例肺结核患者、30例潜伏结核感染患者及30例健康体检者作为研究对象,采用反转录-荧光定量PCR检测活动性肺结核患者(活动组)、潜伏结核感染患者(潜伏组)及健康体检者(对照组)血浆miR-29a、miR-21-5p和miR-155-5p的表达水平,对其进行统计学处理及ROC曲线分析。 结果 活动组血浆miR-29a、miR-21-5p和miR-155-5p表达水平分别为2.11±0.43、4.74±1.29、3.17±0.65,均显著高于对照组和潜伏组(P＜0.05);潜伏组血浆miR-155-5p表达水平为0.96±0.28,显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);潜伏组血浆miR-29a、miR-21-5p与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);miR-29a、miR-21-5p、miR-155-5p诊断活动性肺结核的ROC曲线图下面积分别为0.732、0.846和0.914,敏感度和特异度分别为80.0%和69.2%、73.3%和82.9%、86.7%和90.0%。 结论 在活动性肺结核及潜伏结核感染患者中血浆miR-29a、miR-21-5p和miR-155-5p表达水平均明显升高,可作为诊断活动性肺结核的重要指标,值得临床重视。      

miRNA表达谱在缺氧缺血性脑病新生儿血浆中的变化及意义

目的筛选新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）相关的miRNA,探讨miRNA在HIE诊断、治疗和预后中的指导意义。方法选择HIE新生儿117例,根据病情分为轻度组69例和中重度组48例;选择同期分娩的健康足月新生儿30例为健康对照组。利用miRNA芯片检测3组新生儿血浆miRNA表达谱的差异,从中挑选6个miRNA进行Real-timePCR验证,比较各组血浆miRNA表达并分析与HIE诊断、治疗和预后的关系。结果miRNA芯片检测HIE组共有55种miRNA表达有明显差异,有29种miRNA表达上调,26种表达下调。与健康对照组比较,HIE组血浆中miR-4472、miR-5195-3p、miR-6794-5p表达明显上调,let-7b-5p表达明显下调,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.01）。HIE中重度组miR-4472、miR-5195-3p、miR-6794-5p表达显著高于轻度组,而let-7b-5p表达显著低于轻度组,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.01）。与治疗前比较,治疗后HIE轻度组和中重度组miR-4472、miR-5195-3p、miR-6794-5p表达量下降,let-7b-5p表达量上升,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.01）。ROC曲线分析显示miR-4472、miR-5195-3p、miR-6794-5p和let-7b-5p4种miRNA的AUC分别为0.958、0.938、0.986和0.969。miR-4472、miR-6794-5p高表达组后遗症发生率明显高于低表达组（均P＜0.05）,而miR-5195-3p、let-7b-5p与HIE预后无相关性（均P＞0.05）。结论HIE患儿血浆中miR-4472、miR-5195-3p、miR-6794-5p表达水平显著升高,而let-7b-5p表达水平显著下降,其中miR-4472、miR-6794-5p可能是预测HIE预后的生物标志物。     

联合检测血清miR-1290和CA19-9 对胰腺癌的诊断价值

目的 分析血清微RNA(miR)-1290在胰腺癌患者中的表达水平及与临床病理的关系,以探讨miR-1290和CA19-9联合检测在胰腺癌中的诊断价值。方法 通过3个独立的GEO数据集分析,筛选出胰腺癌患者血清中表达上调的miR-1290,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RT-qPCR)检测35例胰腺癌患者、23例胰腺良性疾病患者和20例健康志愿者血清miR-1290的表达水平,分析其与临床病理特征之间的相关性。采用受试者操作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线对血清miRNA、CA19-9、miRNA联合CA19-9检测的诊断价值比较。结果 通过GEO数据集分析发现,miR-1290在胰腺癌患者中表达上调。胰腺癌患者血清miR-1290水平[0.51(0.37,0.85)]显著高于胰腺良性疾病组[0.14(0.05,0.28)]及健康对照组[0.08(0.04,0.22)],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。miR-1290联合CA19-9检测对区分胰腺癌组与胰腺良性疾病组(AUC为0.929、敏感度为85.7%、特异性为87.0%)、胰腺癌组与健康对照组(AUC为0.959、敏感度为91.4%、特异性为85.0%)、胰腺癌组与所有对照组(AUC为0.942、敏感度为85.7%、特异性为90.7%)优于任一单一指标。胰腺癌患者血清miR-1290表达水平与肿瘤T分期、是否存在淋巴结转移及远处转移有关(P＜0.05),miR-1290高表达是影响胰腺癌发生的危险因素。结论 胰腺癌患者血清miR-1290表达升高,与胰腺癌的发生、发展相关,可作为胰腺癌诊断的生物学标志物。联合检测miR-1290和CA19-9诊断胰腺癌价值优于任一单一指标。     

miR-409-3p和Rab10在弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤中的表达和临床意义

目的 探讨miR-409-3p和Rab10对弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)的影响。方法 qRT-PCR检测转染miR-409-3p模拟物(miR-409-3p mimic)、无关序列模拟物(mimic NC)、miR-409-3p抑制物(miR-409-3p inhibitor)、无关序列抑制物(inhibitor NC)和空白对照组(control组)后miR-409-3p的表达水平，使用Targetscan 7.2和miRNA靶基因预测数据库(miRDB)预测miR-409-3p的下游靶基因，Western blot检测Rab GTP酶10(Rab10)的表达，细胞计数试剂盒-8(CCK-8)和流式细胞仪用来检测细胞增殖和凋亡，然后使用免疫组化(IHC)检测石蜡包埋组织中Rab10的表达水平并进一步分析Rab10与DLBCL患者临床特征的关系。结果 miR-409-3p可以促进细胞凋亡，抑制细胞增殖；过表达miR-409-3p后Rab10的表达增加；Rab10在DLBCL组织中的表达水平高于淋巴结反应性增生（RHL）组织，高水平乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、高水平β2微球蛋白(β2-MG...     

血浆miR-191和miR-27a在胃癌诊断中的价值

目的:研究胃癌患者和健康者血浆中miRNA的表达差异,为胃癌提供新的早期miRNA诊断标志物?方法:分别收集既往未行放化疗的初治胃癌患者和健康者外周血浆?采用商品化的试剂盒提取血浆中的RNA,用反转录及实时定量PCR的方法检测7种miRNA(miR-21?-27a?-191?-379?-658?-433?-383)的含量?结果:miR-191和miR-27a在胃癌患者血浆中的表达较健康者升高(P < 0.001),miR-191的AUC(ROC曲线下面积)为0.939,区分胃癌患者和健康者的敏感性和特异性分别为86.1%和100%?miR-27a的AUC为0.881,其敏感性和特异性为83.33%和86.67%?结论:外周血浆中miR-191和miR-27a有作为胃癌早期诊断的标志物的潜力?     

代谢综合征患者痰、郁证素与外周血miRNAs表达相关性临床研究

目的:探讨代谢综合征痰、郁证素与外周血miRNAs表达的相关性。方法:选择40~55岁女性代谢综合征患者,采用证素辨证并根据证素积分分为郁证组(痰积分≥100分、气滞积分≥70分,n=19)和非郁证组(痰积分≥100分、气滞积分70分,n=22),同时纳入40~55岁女性健康体检者为对照组(n=20)。采用Real-time PCR法对所有研究对象的外周血miRNAs(miR-15b-5p、miR-142-3p、miR-221-3p和miR-451a)表达进行检测。结果:与对照组比较,郁证组miR-15b-5p表达下降(P0.01),miR-142-3p、miR-221-3p(P0.05)、miR-451a(P0.01)表达上升;非郁证组miR-15b-5p(P0.01)、miR-221-3p(P0.01)表达下降,miR-142-3p(P0.01)、miR-451a表达上升。与非郁证组比较,郁证组miR-15b-5p(P0.05)、miR-221-3p(P0.01)、miR-451a(P0.01)表达上升。结论:40~55岁女性代谢综合征患者痰、郁证素与外周血miR-15b-5p、miR-142-3p、miR-221-3p和miR-451a的表达存在一定的相关性。     

胰腺癌患者血浆中microRNA-100水平的测定及临床意义

目的:检测microRNA-100(miR-100)在胰腺癌患者血浆中的表达水平,初步探讨其临床意义。方法:收集33例胰腺癌患者和40例正常对照者的血浆,采用定量茎-环逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测血浆中miR-100的表达水平,统计分析正常对照组与胰腺癌组血浆中miR-100表达差异及其表达水平与胰腺癌病理参数之间的关系。结果:胰腺癌患者血浆中miR-100水平(0.61±0.24)显著高于正常对照组(0.38±0.13),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);胰腺癌患者血浆中miR-100水平在不同性别、年龄、吸烟、临床分期、局部淋巴结转移、远处转移、CA199浓度之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:胰腺癌患者血浆中miR-100水平增高,miR-100可能参与了胰腺癌的发生过程。     

结肠癌血清microRNA 表达谱的检测及临床应用价值

目的 找寻潜在的新型的结肠癌血清microRNA（miRNA）表达谱,探讨其临床应用价值。方法miRNA 微阵列芯片技术检测结肠癌患者和正常人血清中miRNA 表达的差异,并对有差异表达的miRNA 在60 例结肠癌患者血清和60 例正常对照组血清中的表达进行实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）验证。结果①芯片杂交结果中共有87 种miRNAs 在结肠癌患者血清和正常人血清标本中有差异表达,其中上调表达有39 个,下调表达有48 个。② qRT-PCR 对miRNAs 进行验证,其中miR-31、miR-141、miR-224-3p、miR-576-5p 和miR-4669 这5 个miR 分子在结肠癌症患者中的表达相对于正常对照组差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。③ miR-31、miR-141、miR-224-3p、miR-576-5p 和miR-4669 这5 个miR 分子组成的miR- 表达谱诊断结肠癌的效率较高（ROC 曲线下面积为0.992）。结论 临床检测结肠癌患者miR-31、miR-141、miR-224-3p、miR-576-5p 和miR-4669 循环分子标志物表达谱有助于诊断结肠癌,有望成为结肠癌患者临床诊疗评估的重要指标。     

尿液中miRNA-24-3p联合miRNA-222-3p检测在前列腺癌中的诊断及临床意义

目的:建立尿液miRNA检测板,作为诊断前列腺癌（PC）的无创性生物标志物。方法:采用miRNAs芯片分析对照1组（6名）及PC1组（18例）中miRNAs表达,并进一步利用qRT-PCR对20名对照2组及59例PC2组（GS2 6组22例,GS2 7组19例,GS28组18例）尿液、血清标本进行差异基因的进一步验证。应用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析组合诊断模型的准确真实性。结果:获得在PC1组中20个miRNAs差异表达谱,与对照1组相比,miRNA-24-3p及miRNA-222-3p显著表达下调（T=5.79、4.59,均P＜0.05）,用于PC诊断检测。在扩大样本量的PC患者尿液及血清样本中,根据GS分组的GS26、GS27及GS28组中,与对照2组相比,miRNA-24-3p联合miRNA-222-3p表达水平也都显著下调（t=3.89,P＜0.05）,ROC分析联合诊断模型具有较高的准确度（曲线下面积为0.93,OR=1.37,95% CI:0.92~1.76,P＝0.02）。结论:在尿液、血清样本中建立了miRNA-24-3p联合miRNA-222-3p组合模型,可作为诊断PC的无创性生物标志物。     

病毒巨噬细胞炎性蛋白Ⅱ N-端肽对乳腺癌miRNAs表达谱的影响

目的:阐明病毒巨噬细胞炎性蛋白Ⅱ（virus macrophage inflammatory protein-Ⅱ,vMIP-Ⅱ）N末端21个氨基酸的多肽（NT21MP）对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞miRNAs表达谱的调控作用。方法:收集各组细胞抽提RNA,RNA质量评估后逆转录成cDNA。采用染料法（SYBR Green Ⅰ）进行相对定量分析,实验按照2-△△Ct解析法进行设计。结果:总共检测了168个miRNAs,以上调>2倍或下调<0.5倍筛选。相对于S组,N组升高的有9个:miR-223、miR-451a、miR-128、miR-489、miR-141、miR-320a、miR-155-3p、miR-335、miR-320e,降低的有2个:miR-15a、miR-339。结论:筛选得到NT21MP调控miRNAs差异表达谱,其为研究miRNAs在NT21MP调控中的作用机制提供依据。     

A three-microRNA panel in serum as novel biomarker for papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosis

BackgroundAccumulating evidence has revealed that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as non-invasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in serum which might become potential biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsThe experiment was carried out between 2015 and 2017. In the screening stage, the Exiqon miRNA quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) panel was applied to select candidate miRNAs. In the following training, testing, and external validation stages, the serum samples of 100 patients and 96 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed to compare the expression levels of the identified miRNAs. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were calculated to assess the diagnostic value of the identified signature.ResultsThree miRNAs (miR-25-3p, miR-296-5p, and miR-92a-3p) in serum were consistently up-regulated in PTC patients compared with HCs. A three-miRNA panel was constructed by logistic regression analysis and showed better diagnostic performance than a single miRNA for PTC detection. The AUCs of the panel were 0.727, 0.771, and 0.862 for the training, testing, and external validation stage, respectively. Meanwhile, the panel showed stable capability in differentiating PTC patients from patients with benign goiters, with an AUC as high as 0.969. For further exploration, the three identified miRNAs were analyzed in tissue samples (23 PTC vs. 23 HCs) and serum-derived exosomes samples (24 PTC vs. 24 HCs), and the altered expression in the tumor also indicated their close relationship with PTC disease.ConclusionWe identify a three-miRNA panel in serum which might serve as a promising biomarker for PTC diagnosis.     

Circulating MicroRNAs as Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers for Very Early-onset(≤40 years) Coronary Artery Disease

ObjectiveVery early-onset coronary artery disease (CAD) is a great challengein cardiovascular medicine throughout the world, especially regarding its early diagnosis. This study explored whether circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) could be used as potential biomarkers for patients with very early-onset CAD. MethodsWe performed an initial screening of miRNA expression using RNA isolated from 20 patients with angiographically documented very early-onset CAD and 20 age- and sex-matched normal controls. For further confirmation, we prospectively examined the miRNAs selected from 40 patientswithvery early-onset CAD and 40 angiography-normal controls. ResultsA total of 22 overexpressed miRNAs and 22 underexpressed miRNAs were detected in the initial screening. RT-qPCR analysisof the miRNAs obtained from the initial screening revealed that four miRNAs including miR-196-5p, miR-3163-3p, miR-145-3p, and miR-190a-5p exhibited significantly decreased expression in patients compared with that in controls (P<0.05).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for these miRNAs were 0.824 (95% CI, 0.731-0.917;P<0.001), 0.758 (95%CI, 0.651-0.864;P<0.001), 0.753 (95% CI, 0.643-0.863;P<0.001), and 0.782 (95% CI, 0.680-0.884;P<0.001), respectively, in the validation set. ConclusionTo our knowledge, this isan advanced study to report about four serum miRNAs (miR-196-5p, miR-3163-3p, miR-145-3p, and miR-190a-5p) that could be used as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of very early-onset CAD.     

他汀类药物可降低不稳定性心绞痛患者血浆中炎症相关microRNAs的表达水平

目的：评估服用他汀类药物对不稳定性心绞痛患者血浆中microRNAs（miRNAs）表达谱的影响。方法:采用miRNAs TLDA（Taqman low density array）芯片对长期规律服用他汀类药物的不稳定性心绞痛患者（他汀治疗组,n=6）及未曾服用过他汀类药物的不稳定性心绞痛患者（非他汀治疗组,n=6）血浆中差异表达的miRNAs表达谱进行筛查,并选择部分差异表达的炎症相关的miRNAs在非心源性胸痛患者（对照组,n=20）、未曾服用过他汀类药物的不稳定性心绞痛患者（非他汀治疗组,n=26）、长期规律服用他汀类药物的不稳定性心绞痛患者（他汀治疗组,n=19）中采用real-time PCR的方法进行验证。结果: 他汀治疗组患者血浆中miRNAs的表达谱与非他汀治疗组患者相比差异有统计学意义,包括miR-106b、miR-21、miR-25、miR-451以及 miR 92a等炎症相关miRNAs在内的21种血浆miRNAs水平显著降低（组间差异倍数>3,错误发现率<0.0001%）,选取miR 106b、miR 21、miR 25、miR 451以及 miR 92a进行real-time PCR验证的结果与芯片筛查结果一致,与未曾服用过他汀类药物的患者相比,长期规律服用他汀类药物可降低上述5种炎症相关miRNAs的表达水平（P<0.05）,而非他汀治疗组患者血浆中上述5种炎症相关miRNAs的表达水平高于对照组（P<0.001）。结论:服用他汀类药物可显著降低不稳定性心绞痛患者血浆中一组炎症相关的miRNAs的表达水平。     

MicroRNA meta-signature of oral cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis

Aim: It was the aim of the study to identify commonly deregulated miRNAs in oral cancer patients by performing a meta-analysis of previously published miRNA expression profiles in cancer and matched normal non-cancerous tissue in such patients.

Material and methods: Meta-analysis included seven independent studies analyzed by a vote-counting method followed by bioinformatic enrichment analysis.

Results: Amongst seven independent studies included in the meta-analysis, 20 miRNAs were found to be deregulated in oral cancer when compared with non-cancerous tissue. Eleven miRNAs were consistently up-regulated in three or more studies (miR-21-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-135b-5p, miR-31-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-34b-5p, miR-424-5p, miR-18a-5p, miR-455-3p, miR-450a-5p, miR-21-3p), and nine were down-regulated (miR-139-5p, miR-30a-3p, miR-376c-3p, miR-885-5p, miR-375, miR-486-5p, miR-411-5p, miR-133a-3p, miR-30a-5p). The meta-signature of identified miRNAs was functionally characterized by KEGG enrichment analysis. Twenty-four KEGG pathways were significantly enriched, and TGF-beta signaling was the most enriched signaling pathway. The highest number of meta-signature miRNAs was involved in the sphingolipid signaling pathway. Natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity was the pathway with most genes regulated by identified miRNAs. The rest of the enriched pathways in our miRNA list describe different malignancies and signaling.

Conclusions: The identified miRNA meta-signature might be considered as a potential battery of biomarkers when distinguishing oral cancer tissue from normal, non-cancerous tissue. Further mechanistic studies are warranted in order to confirm and fully elucidate the role of deregulated miRNAs in oral cancer.     

Serum microRNA expression profiling revealing potential diagnostic biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma

BackgroundRecent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) in the blood circulation can serve as promising diagnostic markers for cancers. This four-stage study aimed at finding serum miRNAs as potential biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma (LA) diagnosis.MethodsThe study was carried out between 2016 and 2017. The Exiqon miRNA qPCR panel (3 LA vs. 1 normal control [NC] pooled serum samples) was used for initial screening to acquire miRNA profiles. Thirty-five dysregulated miRNAs were further evaluated in the training (24 LA vs. 24 NCs) and testing stages (110 LA vs. 110 NCs) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays.ResultsFour serum miRNAs (miR-133a-3p, miR-584-5p, miR-10b-5p, and miR-221-3p) were significantly overexpressed in LA patients compared with NCs. The diagnostic value of the four-miRNA panel was validated by an external cohort (36 LA vs. 36 NCs). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the four-miRNA panel in the training, testing, and external validation stages were 0.734, 0.803, and 0.894 respectively. Meanwhile, the expression level of miR-221-3p was much higher in LA tumor samples than that in the adjacent normal tissues (19 LA vs. 19 NCs). The expression level of miR-10b-5p was also elevated in the serum-derived exosomes samples (18 LA vs. 18 NCs). The expression of miR-133a-3p, miR-584-5p, and miR-10b-5p was significantly elevated in LA patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation compared with NCs.ConclusionThe study established a four-miRNA signature in serum that could improve the diagnostic capability of LA.