不同蛋白质比例食物对高持续加速度暴露小鼠血液和脑组织5-羟色胺和5-羟吲哚乙酸含量的影响

目的为了探索膳食与加速度耐力的关系，观察不同蛋白质比例食物对持续高加速度暴露小鼠血液和脑组织内5-羟色胺（5－HT）和5-羟吲哚乙酸（5－HIAA）含量的影响。方法体重15－20g雄性小鼠240只，随机分为A、B、C三组。A组饲料蛋白质热比为47．6％（高蛋白质组），B组为31．1％（较高蛋白质组），C组为15．0％（适量蛋白质组）。饲喂3周后各组随机取6O只暴露于＋16Gz10min，从未经＋Gz暴露和暴露后存活的各组小鼠中随机抽取12只，测定血液和脑组织内5－HT和5－HIAA含量（＋Gz暴露的小鼠于暴露后30min内采样）。结果未经＋Gz暴露的各组小鼠血液内5－HT含量无明显差异，A组小鼠血液内5－HIAA有增加的趋势；脑组织内5－HT和5－HIAA含量则随食物中蛋白质增加而增加。＋Gz暴露动物与未暴露着相比，血液中5－HT含量明显增加，而血液中5－HIAA、脑组织内5－HT及5－HIAA含量无明显差异。结论增加食物中蛋白质比例对机体加速度耐受性的影响可能与5－HT代谢有一定关系。     

4-甲基烟腈衍生物的合成研究

目的 合成4-甲基烟腈衍生物.方法 以4-甲基-5-乙烯基烟腈为原料,经臭氧化／还原、氯代、wittig反应和酸水解等步骤合成新的5位取代目标化合物.结果 合成了 4个未见文献报道的4-甲基烟腈衍生物,收率均在770％以上,产物的化学结构经MS和1 H-NMR确证.结论 所用合成方法简便易行、条件温和,产物可用于合成含...     

Does pigmentation,hemosiderin and blood effect visible 5-ALA fluorescence in cerebral melanoma metastasis?

IntroductionThe clinical impact of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence during resection of brain metastases is not yet clear.. Recent data demonstrated significantly lower incidence of visible fluorescence in cerebral melanoma metastases (CMM) compared to other brain metastases (BM). The aim of this study was to investigate if characteristic melanoma features such as pigmentation, intratumoural hemosiderin and bleeding have an influence on visible fluorescence in CMM.Materials and methodsA retrospective study of two neurosurgical centers was performed including adult patients with resection of CMM after preoperative administration of 5-ALA. Data on the fluorescence status (visible or no fluorescence), the fluorescence quality (strong, vague, none) and fluorescence homogeneity (homogeneous or heterogeneous) of each CMM were collected. The amount of melanin, hemosiderin and intratumoural bleeding was semi-quantitatively determined and automated computer-based calculation of the relative pigmented area was performed in fluorescing and non-fluorescing CMM samples.ResultsAltogether, 29 CMM were surgically removed after 5-ALA administration. Visible fluorescence was detected in 8 CMM (28%), whereas no fluorescence was detected in 21 CMM (72%). In detail, 3 tumors (10%) showed strong fluorescence, 5 tumors (17%) revealed vague fluorescence and in 21 tumors (72%) no fluorescence was found. In total, 8 fluorescing and 25 non-fluorescing CMM samples were investigated. According to the semi-quantitatively calculated fluorescence status, no statistically significant difference in the median amount of melanin (p = 0.242), hemosiderin (p = 0.603) and bleeding (p = 0.762) between CMM samples with and without visible fluorescence was found. Moreover, the automatically assessed relative pigmented area did not show a statistically significant difference between samples with visible and no fluorescence (p = 0.966).ConclusionOur data indicate that 5-ALA fluorescence is not dependent on the amount of pigmentation, intratumoural hemosiderin and bleeding in CMM. We thus assume that other factors are responsible for the low rate of visible fluorescence in CMM.     

19F NMR monitoring of in vivo tumor metabolism after biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil by the uridine phosphorylase inhibitor 5-benzylacyclouridine

A uridine phosphorylase inhibitor, 5-benzylacyclouridine (BAU), has been utilized as biochemical modulator of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) anti-tumor activity in a murine tumor model. The effect of BAU on 5-FU metabolism has been evaluated using in vitro and in vivo ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy. The analysis of the NMR data revealed an increased formation and retention of fluorouracil nucleotides and fluorouridine in colon 38 tumors treated with the regimen containing BAU and a reduction in 5-FU catabolites (α-fluoro-β-ureidopropionic acid and α-fluoro-β-alanine). In the normal tissues evaluated, the presence of BAU did not significantly alter the metabolism and presence of fluoropyrimidine species, indicating a more selective effect on tumor tissues. Therapy experiments on C57/BL6 mice bearing colon 38 tumor showed that the administration of 120 mg/kg BAU 30 min before 5-FU at 85 mg/kg, on a weekly basis, resulted in an increased antineoplastic effect compared to the same dose of 5-FU alone. A smaller dose of 5-FU (60 mg/kg) also administered 30 min after 120 mg/kg BAU caused a reduction in tumor growth similar to 5-FU alone. The addition of BAU to 5-FU (85 mg/kg) resulted in a slight increase, although statistically nonsignificant, in host toxicity without causing any toxic death during the chemotherapeutic treatment. ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy is here shown to be a powerful technique to evaluate changes in the metabolism of fluoropyrimidines after the use of biochemical modulator and to allow a correlation between improved therapeutic response with the biochemical effects generated in tissues.     

模拟高原环境大鼠AQP5表达和肺动脉压变化

目的：通过模拟海拔4000m高原环境,观察大鼠肺动脉压（PAP）和肺组织水通道蛋白5（aquaporins 5,AQP5）表达变化,探讨高原肺水肿的产生机制。方法：低压氧舱减压至海拔4000m,在缺氧、缺氧复合寒冷和缺氧复合寒冷运动条件下,用心导管检测PAP变化,用免疫组化和Western blot检测肺组织AQP5表达变化。结果：与平原对照组及平原寒冷组比较,缺氧、缺氧复合寒冷、缺氧复合寒冷运动引起大鼠PAP明显升高（P〈0．01～0．05）;与两个平原组比较,AQP5在缺氧及缺氧复合寒冷运动条件下表达均增高,但均无统计学意义。模拟高原缺氧24～72h内,在缺氧复合寒冷运动条件下AQP5表达呈增高的趋势,48h达到高峰,72h较前下降;免疫组化结果显示,缺氧复合寒冷运动组较平原对照组肺间质增厚、肿大,AQP5表达明显增多。结论：高原缺氧复合寒冷运动时,AQP5表达增加,且与肺含水量和HAPE发病时相呈一致性趋势,提示AQP5可能对肺泡型肺水肿发生起代偿作用,其机制有待进一步研究。     

精氨酸、谷氨酰胺对氟尿嘧啶腹腔化疗后大鼠肠屏障的保护作用

 目的 观察精氨酸(Arg)、谷氨酰胺(Gin)对腹腔注射氟尿嘧啶化学药物疗法(化疗)后大鼠肠黏膜屏障的保护作用.方法 40只接受氟尿嘧啶化疗的健康雄性SD大鼠,随机分为4组:STD组:肠内营养;Arg组:肠内营养+Arg;Gin组:肠内营养+Gin;Chow组:自由进食.化疗前后测定各组大鼠体重、尿乳果糖/甘露醇比值(L/M),并在第8天时测定门静脉血内毒素,进行门静脉血和淋巴结细菌培养并测定回肠绒毛高度、回肠和结肠肠壁厚度.结果 和STD组相比,Arg、Gin组大鼠体重增加,L/M比值增加幅度减少,内毒素水平降低,回肠绒毛高度、回肠和结肠肠壁厚度增加.和Chow组相比,Gin组体重增加,尿L/M增加幅度降低、内毒素水平降低,回肠绒毛高度、回肠肠壁厚度增加;Arg组内毒素水平降低.各组间门静脉血和淋巴结细菌培养结果差异无统计学意义.Gin组内毒素水平低于Arg组.结论 Arg、Gin对腹腔注射氟尿嘧啶化疗后大鼠肠屏障具有保护作用,其作用要优于自由进食;并且Gin的保护作用略强于Arg.     

CPNE5对NF-κB转录调控活性的影响

目的:研究CPNE5对TNF-α诱导的NF-κB转录激活活性的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法:用10 ng/mlTNF-α处理转染了pcDNA3.1或pcDNA3.1-CPNE5的HEK293细胞,用双荧光素酶报告基因实验检测不同转染组NF-κB的转录激活活性;Western印迹和细胞免疫荧光技术检测CPNE5表达上调对NF-κB入核的影响;凝胶阻滞实验研究CPNE5表达上调对NF-κB DNA结合能力的影响.结果:CPNE5可以显著抑制TNF-α对NF-κB的转录激活活性(P<0.0001);CPNE5不影响TNF-α诱导的NF-κB(P65)入核;CPEN5过表达降低了TNF-α诱导的NF-κB与DNA结合的能力.结论:CPNE5通过抑制NF-κB的DNA结合活性抑制TNF-α诱导的NF-κB转录激活活性.     

CBLB502蛋白原核表达及辐射防护作用验证

目的 原核表达并纯化TLR5受体的激动剂CBLB502蛋白,验证其辐射防护作用。方法 采用pET28b原核表达系统表达CBLB502蛋白,利用Ni-NTA亲和层析柱亲和层析纯化CBLB502蛋白,经报告基因检测方法结合动物实验评价纯化蛋白活性。结果 成功表达并纯化CBLB502蛋白,纯度可达95%以上,能够激活NF-κB报告基因,可以提高9 Gy照射小鼠存活率,对照组小鼠全部死亡,CBLB502蛋白预防组全部存活。结论 成功表达并纯化CBLB502蛋白,并验证其对小鼠的辐射防护作用。     

Verhalten des 5-Hydroxy-tryptamin und der 5-Hydroxyindol-Essigsäure im Zusammenhang mit der Agonie (I.)

Zusammenfassung Wir haben die 5-Hydroxy-tryptamin- und 5-Hydroxyindol-Essigsäure-Werte im Serum, in der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit und in der Perikard-Flüssigkeit aus gerichtlichen Leichen, die im Anatomischen Institut für Rechtsmedizin in Granada obduziert wurden, und den Zusammenhang mit der Dauer der Agonie untersucht. Die Ergebnisse erlauben uns zu behaupten, daß die Bestimmung des 5-Hydroxy-tryptamin und seines wichtigen Metabolits, der 5-Hydroxy-indol-Essigsäure, große Möglichkeiten für die genaue Bewertung der Agonie eröffnet. Ideal ist die Bestimmung in der Perikard-Flüssigkeit.     

髓细胞白血病β—catenin表达及与外源性Wnt5a的作用关系

目的调查β-catenin在髓细胞白血病标本及细胞株中的表达,明确外源性Wnt5a与K562细胞β-catenin表达的关系。方法首先以RT-PCR和免疫组化检测β-catenin在髓细胞白血病标本及细胞株中的表达,再以Wnt5a条件培养液处理K562细胞,然后用Westernblot检测β-catenin表达变化。结果β-catenin在髓细胞系白血病标本及细胞株中有普遍表达,但外源性Wnt5a不能明显下调K562细胞β-catenin表达。结论外源性Wnt5a对K562细胞Wnt／β-catenin信号传导途径无明显抑制作用。     

健择联合5-FU及CF治疗消化系统恶性肿瘤近期疗效观察

目的: 观察健择联合5-FU及CF治疗消化系统恶性肿瘤的近期疗效.方法:采用健择联合5-FU及CF2～3周期治疗消化系统恶性肿瘤20例.其中原发性肝癌3例;转移性肝癌10例;胰腺癌3例;胆囊癌术后胆管及腹腔内转移2例;胃腺癌术后腹腔内转移2例. 结果:总有效率为55%.主要的毒副反应为胃肠道反应及骨髓抑制.结论:健择联合5-FU及CF治疗消化系统中晚期恶性肿瘤有效好的近期疗效,且毒副反应小,一般可耐受,是临床治疗消化系统中晚期恶性肿瘤的可行方案.     

紫杉醇联合顺铂氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期复发鼻咽癌的护理及临床意义

目的:观察紫杉醇联合顺铂氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期治疗及不良反应.方法:56例初治转移性或放化疗后复发或转移的鼻咽癌患者接受docetaxel+DDP+(5-Fu)化疗,其中docetaxe 170 mg/m2静滴,6 h第1 d DDP 70 mg/m2静滴,第1 d,或总量分2～3 d给予,5-Fu 400～500 mg/m2,6 h,tx 1～5 d,每3～4周重复,化疗有效者至少4～6个疗程或一直治疗至疾病进展(PD)为止.结果:全组56列患者共接受196个疗程化疗,主要毒性为中性,白细胞减少和外周神精病变,其他毒性有变态反应,低血压,心率/律紊乱,机肉关节疼,本组有51例(91.19)患者可以评价客观疗效,其中完全缓解(CR)5例,部分/缓解(PR)32例,稳定(SD)9例,进展(PD)5例,总缓解(CR+PR)率为72.5%,(37/51),CR率为9.8%(5/51)SD率为17.6%,(9/51),骨髓抑制主要表现为白细胞下降,发生率48.0%其中Ⅲ～Ⅳ度者占21.6%,有2例发生发热性粒细胞减少,经积极治疗处理好转,未出现严重的全身感染与治疗相关死亡,治疗后有效率为64.7%,无CR患者.结论:docetaxe,联合5-FU、DDP方案是治疗晚期自发鼻咽癌,有效方案和疗效,临床使用安全,值得进一步的临床研究,不良反应可以耐受和预防.     

宋内氏福氏2a双价痢疾菌株FS54-7Ⅰ相大质粒(pSS_(120)::Tn_5)上转座子Tn_5的去除

本文利用 RP_1质粒的温度敏感突变体 pMR_5::Tn_(132)的温敏特性,以及 pMR_5::Tn_(132)上所携带的转座子 Tn_(132)与宋内氏Ⅰ相大质粒 pSS_(120)::Tn_5上转座子 Tn_5两端插入序列的同源性,将 Tn_5置换成 Tn_(132),从而将 pSS_(120)::Tn_5携带的卡那霉素抗性换成了 Tn_(132)所携带的四环素抗性,进而又在 Bochner 培养基上选到了四环素敏感的突变体,得到了宋内氏Ⅰ相大质粒 pSS_(120)上无任何抗药性标记的宋内氏福氏2a 双价痢疾菌株。     

生大黄和5-氟尿嘧啶治疗急性胰腺炎34例的疗效

目的 观察生大黄和5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）对急性胰腺炎的治疗效果,并探讨其作用机制。方法 34例患者（含重症5例）采用生大黄和5-Fu治疗,于入院时及入院后24,36,48,72h观察临床症状、白细胞（WBC）、血淀粉酶（AMS）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、胆红素（BILIT）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、血糖（Glu）和动脉血氧分压（PaO2）的变化。结果 34例治疗患者显效25例,好转5例,无效4例,显效率74%,总有效率88%;其中轻症及中症胰腺炎患者,显效率和总有效率各为86%和100%。结论 生大黄和5-Fu可以明显缓解患者症状,改善微循环,促进肠蠕动恢复,抑制细菌移位,抑制白细胞释放炎性介质,阻断SIRS与胰腺自身消化的恶性循环,促进胰腺组织恢复,总的治疗效果良好。     

人类感染H5N1型禽流感流行病学特征

一种禽类间流行的高致病性禽流感HSN1型,已经在亚洲打破了种群的障碍,引起了多人死亡并引起世界性恐慌。本文综述了人类感染H5N1型禽流感的流行病学特征,由于许多重要问题悬而未决,所以此综述内容仍有待完善。     

Accumulation of porphyrins in Propionibacterium acnes by 5-aminolevulinic acid and its esters

We have investigated the accumulation of porphyrins in Propionibacterium acnes (P.acnes) by 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) and its esters, ALA methyl ester hydrochloride (mALA), ALA octyl ester hydrochloride (oALA), and ALA benzyl ester hydrochloride (bALA). From the fluorescence spectra of porphyrins accumulated in P.acnes, the order of porphyrin accumulation is as follows: ALA ≫ mALA ≈ bALA > oALA (≈ 0). Moreover, the PDT efficacy is reduced in the order of ALA > mALA ≈ bALA > oALA (≈ without additives). These results confirm that ALA is superior to ALA esters in accumulating porphyrins in P.acnes.     

真核生物翻译起始因子5A的结构与功能研究进展

真核生物翻译起始因子5A（eIF5A）是公认的维持细胞活性必不可少的翻译起始因子,其序列从古细菌到哺乳动物都是高度保守的。eIF5A是唯一的发生依赖多胺精胺翻译后修饰[生物学上称为羟腐胺赖氨酸作用（hy-pusination）过程]的真核生物细胞内蛋白质。本文主要着眼于eIF5A的结构特征和生物学功能,综述了eIF5A和hypusination在各种组织中控制细胞循环和凋亡的过程及eIF5A最新的研究结果。     

SPM5软件分析癫痫患者脑PET图像的应用研究

Objective To investigate the value of statistical parametric mapping 5 (SPM5) and its parameter settings in analysis of PET imaging for epilepsy patients. Methods Seventeen epilepsy patients and seventeen controls were scanned with PET. The datns were analyzed using PET and SPM5 with qualitative and semiquantitative analysis, statistical analysis of the percentage (numbers of agent distribution decreasing in focus to brain) for different parameters combinations, which were value adjustment to contral-p and voxels-k. Results There was decreasing of agent distribution at temporal lobe in epilepsy patients detecting with PET; the T/NT of focus to cerebellum was 1.07±0.24, the T/NT of normal tissue in opposite side to cerebellum was 1.27±0.18, there was a significant difference (t=1.87, P<0.05). Dealing with SPM5, there was more significant decreasing of agent in regions 19, 21, 39 of temporal lobe, regions 7, 19, 31, 40, 47 of parietal lobe and occipital lobe in epilepsy patients. With different value of k, the percentage was (27±22)%, (29±24)%, (32±23)%, (35±27)%, (39±31)%respectively, there was not significant difference (F=0.59, P>0.05) ; for different value of p, the percentage was (42±30) %, (29±25) %, (26±21) % respectively, with a significant difference (F=3.60, P<0.05); there was linear regression in value adjustment to contral-p and the percentage(b=-18.24, t=2.57, P<0.05). Conclusions Semiquantitative analysis by SPM5, the setting of value adjustment to contral-p would affect the results, the smaller of value adjustment to contral-p, the better of the result. SPM5 would be more objective and accurate to locate the focuses.     

SPM5软件分析癫痫患者脑PET图像的应用研究

Objective To investigate the value of statistical parametric mapping 5 (SPM5) and its parameter settings in analysis of PET imaging for epilepsy patients. Methods Seventeen epilepsy patients and seventeen controls were scanned with PET. The datns were analyzed using PET and SPM5 with qualitative and semiquantitative analysis, statistical analysis of the percentage (numbers of agent distribution decreasing in focus to brain) for different parameters combinations, which were value adjustment to contral-p and voxels-k. Results There was decreasing of agent distribution at temporal lobe in epilepsy patients detecting with PET; the T/NT of focus to cerebellum was 1.07±0.24, the T/NT of normal tissue in opposite side to cerebellum was 1.27±0.18, there was a significant difference (t=1.87, P<0.05). Dealing with SPM5, there was more significant decreasing of agent in regions 19, 21, 39 of temporal lobe, regions 7, 19, 31, 40, 47 of parietal lobe and occipital lobe in epilepsy patients. With different value of k, the percentage was (27±22)%, (29±24)%, (32±23)%, (35±27)%, (39±31)%respectively, there was not significant difference (F=0.59, P>0.05) ; for different value of p, the percentage was (42±30) %, (29±25) %, (26±21) % respectively, with a significant difference (F=3.60, P<0.05); there was linear regression in value adjustment to contral-p and the percentage(b=-18.24, t=2.57, P<0.05). Conclusions Semiquantitative analysis by SPM5, the setting of value adjustment to contral-p would affect the results, the smaller of value adjustment to contral-p, the better of the result. SPM5 would be more objective and accurate to locate the focuses.