大学新生口腔卫生保健知识和行为习惯调查分析

目的了解大学新生口腔卫生保健知识和行为习惯的现状,为探索适合大学生人群口腔卫生保健的健康教育模式及途径提供依据。方法随机选取500名新生进行口腔健康知识和行为问卷调查,获有效问卷479份进行统计分析。结果大学新生口腔卫生保健7个知识平均知晓率为61.5%,口腔卫生保健7个行为平均正确率为53.6%。78.7%的大学新生知道口腔保健注意事项,84.6%早晚刷牙,38.6%采用正确的刷牙方式,39.7%近两年做过口腔保健。30.1%的大学新生通过学校获得口腔保健知识。结论大学新生的口腔健康知识较薄弱,行为较落后,口腔卫生保健教育有待加强,是今后高校健康教育工作中需要重点关注的问题。     

大学新生口腔卫生保健知识和行为习惯调查分析

目的了解大学新生口腔卫生保健知识和行为习惯的现状,为探索适合大学生人群口腔卫生保健的健康教育模式及途径提供依据。方法随机选取500名新生进行口腔健康知识和行为问卷调查,获有效问卷479份进行统计分析。结果大学新生口腔卫生保健7个知识平均知晓率为61.5%,口腔卫生保健7个行为平均正确率为53.6%。78.7%的大学新生知道口腔保健注意事项,84.6%早晚刷牙,38.6%采用正确的刷牙方式,39.7%近两年做过口腔保健。30.1%的大学新生通过学校获得口腔保健知识。结论大学新生的口腔健康知识较薄弱,行为较落后,口腔卫生保健教育有待加强,是今后高校健康教育工作中需要重点关注的问题。     

475名孕妇口腔保健现状调查及分析

目的:调查孕妇怀孕期间口腔卫生保健认知及现状,探讨影响因素,从而提出针对性的口腔健康指导。方法:随机抽取475名孕妇,通过问卷调查,对所得到的数据进行研究分析并进行评价口腔卫生情况。结果:孕妇在口腔保健方面有一定的认知,但正确实践者比例不高。96.8%孕妇了解每日至少刷牙2次;94.7%孕妇了解饭后漱口;60%孕妇了解牙线清洁牙齿的相关知识,但只有37.5%的孕妇能够真正执行;67.4%孕妇知道孕期需要口腔保健,但只有35.2%的孕妇执行;45.5%孕妇不知道孕期可以进行口腔疾病的治疗,孕期积极预防和治疗口腔疾病的孕妇只有26.1%。正确认知是正确实践的决定因素,P0.05有统计学意义。结论:妊娠期妇女及口腔保健知识缺乏、口腔健康意识薄弱,妊娠口腔健康教育仍需加强,通过孕妇学校提升口腔保健行为,促进母婴身心健康。     

汕头市3148例妇女妊娠期牙龈炎发病情况调查分析

目的了解妊娠期妇女孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期牙龈炎发病情况,孕妇口腔卫生状况及孕妇口腔保健意识,为完善孕期保健工作提供参考依据.方法按世界卫生组织规定的标准,由口腔科医生检查并记录孕妇牙周健康状况,同时以问卷及询问记录的形式对孕妇进行调查.结果牙龈炎患病率60.9%,孕早期50.7%,孕中期59.7%,孕晚期70.2%,软垢及牙结石发生率分别为83.4%、79.2%,1038例孕妇中有正确的刷牙方法及习惯者9.9%,懂得口腔保健知识者8.6%,有口腔保健意识并主动要求做口腔保健者仅占2.3%.结论孕妇牙龈炎患病率高,口腔卫生保健知识贫乏,加强孕妇孕前、孕期口腔卫生保健工作至关重要,做到早发现、早预防、早治疗.     

新疆兵团小学生口腔健康教育效果评价

目的 了解兵团小学生口腔健康教育前后对口腔保健知识的掌握程度、态度及相关的行为。方法 采用整群分层随机抽样方法在35所小学中抽取9所小学1－6年级，每年级1个班共计190名小学生，在开展口腔健康教育课前后，以问卷方式对口腔卫生知识知、信、行水平进行调查。结果 口腔健康教育前后兵团小学生口腔卫生知识知晓率、保健牙刷使用率、刷牙肯定率、正确刷牙率有显提高，统计学处理有显性差异9P＜0.01）。结论 口腔健康教育是提高小学生卫生知识、信念、行为的易行有效措施；小学生口腔健康教育应有计划、系统、长期地进行。     

400名孕妇口腔保健知识水平的分析

目的为了解长春地区孕妇对口腔卫生知识的掌握情况,以便有针对性地开展健康教育。方法采用自行设计的调查表,调查400名孕妇对口腔保健知识的了解情况。结果大多数孕妇对胎儿口腔卫生知识及婴幼儿口腔卫生知识了解甚少,总体了解率仅达15.9%和29.5%;孕妇自身保健知识了解尚可,氟化物、刷牙及定期到口腔检查防龋知晓率较高,达90%左右;口腔卫生意识与实际行为相脱节,定期主动检查者仅占5.0%;孕妇对婴幼儿口腔保健知识掌握情况有待提高,尤其对奶瓶龋概念不清,只占0.5%。结论加强孕妇口腔健康教育,提高孕妇对口腔卫生知识的掌握,有利于促进下一代口腔健康。     

口腔疾病患者知识结构对口腔卫生保健行为影响的探索

目的　了解不同知识层次口腔疾病患者群体的口腔卫生保健行为的差异 ,为更有针对性地进行普及口腔卫生保健知识提供科学依据。方法　自行设计问卷调查表 ,对 580名口腔疾病患者分不同知识层次群体进行口腔卫生保健行为的多项调查 ,并进行统计学分析。结果　不同文化层次的人群在选用有保健功效的牙刷和牙膏时 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。不同文化层次的人群在刷牙的时间上无明显差异 ,但在刷牙次数和方法上差异明显 (P <0 0 1)。结论　高知识层次结构的群体是科学的选用有针对性的口腔护理用品 ,在护理方法上也有明显的合理性。而较低文化结构的群体 ,只是粗略了解一般的口腔护理知识。这就提示我们 :口腔保健应从学校教育抓起。另外要重视在全社会的范围内进行口腔健康知识的宣传和普及 ,以提高我国的口腔卫生保健水平。     

大学生口腔卫生保健与牙龈出血调查

目的了解湖州师范学院大学生口腔卫生保健和牙龈出血现况,探讨两者之间的关系,从而深入宣传口腔保健知识,指导学生口腔保健。方法随机选取504名08级大二学生进行口腔卫生保健行为及牙龈出血情况问卷调查,获有效问卷500份,进行统计分析。结果湖州师范学院08级大二学生选择小头软毛牙刷的占16.8%,竖刷法占28.2%,29.8%坚持饭后漱口,发现牙龈出血和牙结石时,只有22.2%采取措施。牙龈出血率与习惯早晚刷牙和进行口腔预防保健例如洗牙、定期口腔检查有相关性(P0.05)。结论大学生口腔卫生保健行为有待进一步的规范和强化,应加强大学生口腔卫生观念的健康教育,改变不良生活习惯,积极进行口腔预防保健。     

兰州市8所高校大学生口腔健康知识及行为调查

目的 了解兰州市大学生口腔健康相关知识与行为习惯,为广泛开展口腔健康教育提供科学依据.方法 采用随机问卷调查方式,对兰州市8所高校925名大学生进行口腔健康知识和行为调查.结果 在被调查的大学生中,主动了解过口腔保健知识的仅为5.5%,清楚口腔结构的为28.9%,每天刷牙3次的仅占5.0%,使用正确刷牙方式的为65.1%,坚持每3个月更换一次牙刷者为66.6%.有洁牙史和定期做口腔保健检查的分别为16.1%和12.3%.结论 兰州市8所高校大学生口腔健康知识总体知晓率不高,口腔保健意识较薄弱,口腔保健行为较差.口腔健康教育亟待加强,积极开展并推广口腔卫生知识宣教具有现实意义.     

基于健康信念模型的北京市某三级甲等医院孕妇口腔卫生保健行为及影响因素的分析

目的基于健康信念模型分析孕妇口腔卫生保健行为的影响因素。方法采用横断面调查的方法, 于2022年7至12月在北京协和医院驻点, 对到院做产前检查的316名孕妇应用孕妇口腔卫生保健行为的健康信念问卷及自我效能量表进行调查。采用t检验和χ2检验分析健康信念、自我效能等社会心理学因素对口腔保健行为的影响。结果纳入孕妇316名中, 110(34.8%)名孕妇日常口腔保健行为不佳, 120(38.1%)名的孕妇在孕前或孕期未行口腔检查。孕妇整体口腔保健的健康信念不高, 得分为6.63+3.23、中位得分为7(5)。感知口腔疾病的易感性(OR=1.51, 95%CI:1.026～2.213)、日常生活的自我效能(OR=2.64, 95%CI:1.384～5.040)、口腔检查的自我效能(OR=1.74, 95%CI:1.184～2.570)是孕妇日常口腔卫生保健行为的独立影响因素。健康动力(OR=2.47, 95%CI:1.474～4.126)及口腔检查的自我效能(OR=4.17, 95%CI:2.626～6.619)是孕妇孕前及孕期口腔检查行为的独立影响因素。结论孕妇口腔保健的健康信念特别是感知...     

澳门六年级学童口腔卫生行为及影响因素分析

目的 了解澳门六年级学童口腔卫生知识、态度、行为（KAP）现况,分析口腔卫生行为的相关因素,为澳门地区制定口腔保健教育和干预措施提供依据。方法 采用分层和整群方法按比例随机抽取澳门12间小学6年级学童259人进行调查。结果 学童口腔卫生知识知晓率低,平均答对率为47.9%,整体口腔卫生态度平均得分为3.93分,整体口腔卫生行为平均得分为2.81分;口腔卫生知识与口腔卫生态度呈正相关（r=0.215,P<0.01）;女童口腔卫生态度得分（75.36分）高于男童（72.81分）,差异有统计学意义（t=-2.396,P<0.05）;母亲的教育程度越高,其学童的口腔卫生行为越好（t=-3.251,P<0.01）;家庭支持中“有人陪同一起定期看牙医做口腔检查”的学童其口腔卫生行为明显好于缺乏家庭支持的学童,（t=-3.571,P<0.01）。结论 澳门六年级学童对超过一半的口腔卫生知识内容没有正确的认识,口腔卫生态度积极,大部分的口腔卫生行为还没有形成。     

Oral Malodor and Related Factors in Japanese Senior High School Students

BACKGROUND: Oral malodor (halitosis or bad breath) might be an important motivation tool for improving oral health in adolescents. There are few studies that report the epidemiology of oral malodor in high school students and the relationships with lifestyle and oral health status. This research was conducted to obtain underlying data for introducing an oral health education program which targeted prevention of oral malodor as a motivation tool for changing oral health behavior in high school students. METHODS: A questionnaire, school oral examination, and oral malodor measurement were conducted on senior high school students in a Tokyo metropolitan school in 2007. A total of 474 students (male: 219, female: 255) were used for the analysis. RESULTS: Over 42% of subjects reported that they had experienced anxiety, or were conscious of oral malodor, on at least 1 occasion. The students who had detectable oral malodor comprised 39.6% of subjects. The binary logistic regression analyses showed that whether or not subjects ate breakfast before the oral examination (p < .05), the presence of plaque (p < .01), and presence of a substantive tongue coating (p < .01) were related to the presence of detectable oral malodor. CONCLUSIONS: Cleaning the oral cavity and eating breakfast are important to prevent oral malodor in high school students. This study indicated that school health education incorporating prevention of oral malodor as a motivation tool for oral health promotion could be a valuable procedure to include in high school dental health education programs.     

不同年龄儿童口腔健康行为及影响因素分析

目的 探讨不同年龄儿童口腔健康情况并对其影响因素进行分析.方法 1 260名儿童按年龄分为3组,对其口腔健康情况、口腔相关知识知晓率及卫生习惯等进行调查.结果 随着年龄增长,儿童龋齿发生率3岁~组为52.8%,7岁~组为36.6%,11~15岁组为25.1%,牙龈炎发生率3岁~组为50.8%,7岁~组为37.0%,11~15岁组为26.3%,牙石发生率3岁~组为55.4%,7岁~组为38.9%,11~15岁组为25.5%,均随年龄增长依次降低,组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);3岁~组、7岁~组、11~15岁组口腔卫生相关知识知晓率分别为32.4%、46.9%和59.6%,口腔卫生习惯评价良好率分别为30.2%、45.8%和56.7%,均依次升高,组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);直线相关分析显示,3组儿童口腔卫生问题发生率与各组儿童口腔卫生相关知识知晓率、口腔卫生习惯评价良好率均呈负相关,3组儿童口腔卫生习惯评价良好率与其口腔卫生相关知识知晓率呈正相关.结论 不同年龄段儿童的口腔健康情况与其相关知识知晓率及卫生习惯等均相关.     

Practical Guidelines for Physicians in Promoting Oral Health in Frail Older Adults

Good oral health in old age is particularly important for maintaining adequate oral function, preventing pain and discomfort, controlling localized or systemic inflammation, sustaining social interaction, and preserving quality of life. Given that oral health is an integral part of general health and well-being, and that major chronic systemic and oral diseases share common risk factors, oral health prevention and promotion should be embedded within routine medical assessment and care provision. The role of medical physicians, particularly primary care physicians, geriatricians, and elderly care physicians, in community and long-term care facilities in assessing and promoting oral health in frail older adults is critical and has been emphasized in recent European recommendations. All physicians should appreciate the importance of oral health and incorporate an initial oral health screening into routine medical assessment and care. A short interview with patients and carers on current oral health practices may help to assess the risk for rapid oral health deterioration. The interview should be followed by an oral health assessment, using validated tools, for nondental health care providers. Based on these findings, the physician should decide on necessary follow-up procedures, which may include oral health counseling and/or dental referral. Oral health counseling should include advice on daily oral, mucosal, and denture hygiene; denture maintenance; dietary advice; smoking cessation; limitation of harmful alcohol consumption; management of xerostomia; and frequent dental review. To enable physicians to perform the tasks recommended in this publication, appropriate teaching at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels must be delivered in addition to provision of appropriate continuing education courses.     

Oral Health Issues in the Nutrition of Institutionalized Elders

Abstract

Oral health is critical to systemic health and quality of life for the elderly, especially the institutionalized elderly, who are at high risk for oral and nutritional problems. Oral health is an integral component of overall nutritional health, just as nutrition plays a vital role in overall oral health. This article reviews the critical factors in the relationship among oral, nutritional, and systemic health and urges ongoing collaboration of providers of health care to reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality in institutionalized elders.     

大学生口腔健康认知及行为影响因素分析

目的了解大学生口腔健康知识及口腔保健行为,分析不同年级、性别及校区大学生口腔健康认知与行为差异,为有针对性地进行口腔健康教育提供依据。方法自行设计调查问卷,对山东大学3个年级2个校区1 227名本科生进行现场问卷调查。结果知道细菌是引起龋齿的主要病因者占47.9%,知道含氟牙膏对牙齿有益者占62.5%;每天刷牙≥2次者占61.9%,3个月内更换牙刷者占71.5%;能定期进行口腔检查者占11.0%;口腔健康认知和行为总体趋势随年级升高而升高,口腔健康认知和行为女生优于男生,中心校区学生优于软件校区。结论不同特征大学生口腔健康认知及行为存在差异,需有针对性地制定口腔健康教育计划,促进大学生良好口腔健康行为形成。     

Effects of an Eating Ability Promotion Program for Community-Dwelling Older Adults

ObjectiveTaiwan is projected to become a super-aged society in 2026. Taiwan's government introduced an innovative preventive care policy to improve aging-related conditions in 2017. In this study, we examine the effectiveness of an eating ability promotion program (EAPP) on the physical and mental performance of community-dwelling older adults.DesignSingle-masked, cluster randomized trial.SettingTwo community care stations in Taichung, Taiwan.ParticipantsVolunteers were recruited from these 2 community care stations. The 70 participants were aged ≥60 years, able to walk independently and take care of themselves, and understood Mandarin or Taiwanese.InterventionThe volunteers were randomly assigned to an intervention; 40 participated in EAPP training courses (experimental group) and 30 participated in originally scheduled activities only (control group). EAPP training courses were conducted in the care stations 4 hours per week for 12 weeks (for a total of 48 hours).MeasuresThe physical performance outcomes were oral health, nutritional status, and fragility, assessed using the Oral Health Assessment Tool, the Mini Nutritional Assessment, and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures fragility index, respectively. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Cog test. Measurements were performed at baseline, at the end of the 12-week intervention, and 1 month later.ResultsFollowing the EAPP intervention, controlling for baseline differences, the oral health (F = 33.29, P < .001), nutritional status (F = 7.30, P = .009), and scale of fragility (F = 19.05, P < .001) of the participants in the experimental group were significantly better than those reported in the control group.Conclusions and ImplicationsResults of this preliminary study suggest that the EAPP intervention may be an effective approach for improving oral health, nutritional status, and fragility in community-dwelling older adults. This training course, which provides clear and concise information regarding eating ability strategies, should undergo further evaluation and, if demonstrated to be effective and cost-effective in broader trials, may be useful in promoting healthy living.     

Oral health promotion among Finnish adolescents between 1977 and 1989

In Finland a national, comprehensive preventive oriented oralhealth programme was implemented in 1972. Oral health habitsand services as well as their development were followed in theJuvenile Health Habit Study programme between 1977 and 1989.Postal questionnaires were sent to 12–18 year old Finnsevery second year from 1977. The response rates of the nationallyrepresentative samples were 79–88%. The most recent questionnairewas answered by 3220 adolescents (80%). Use of oral health services increased continuously from 1977to 1985. In 1985 there was a slight decrease in the use among16 and 18 year olds. Sex and socioeconomic differences in theuse of these services disappeared in 1985. In 1989 half of theadolescents had received instruction about oral hygiene butonly 20% about use of sugar during their last dental visit. Oral hygiene habits (toothbrushing and use of dental floss)improved slowly but continuously during the whole period Dailyuse of dental floss was still rare and one-third of the Finnishboys did not brush their teeth daily in 1989. The most common sugar-containing products used daily were hotsweet drinks (sugar-sweetened coffee, tea and hot chocolate).Use of sugar-sweetened coffee and cakes decreased but that ofsweets, soft drinks, sugar-sweetened tea and hot chocolate remainedunchanged. Use of sweetened yogurt increased slightly. The positive trend in the use of oral health services and oralhealth behaviour can be explained by the national oral healthpromotion programme. Extensive toothbrush and toothpaste advertisementsand changes in teenagers' life-style associated with urbanizationof the society may also have contributed to the improvements.     

重庆市学龄前儿童口腔健康教育调查

目的　了解重庆市学龄前儿童对口腔健康知识的知晓情况。方法　于 2 0 0 1年 9～ 10月对重庆市主城区 6所小学 484名学前班儿童进行了共 8学时、为期 2个月的儿童口腔健康教育课程 ,并对授课前后口腔健康知识进行问卷调查。结果　儿童对口腔健康知识回答平均正确率由授课前的 61 92 %增加到授课后的 90 19% ,授课前后比较有显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 5)。结论　采取对儿童进行口腔健康教育和宣传牙病预防知识 ,把预防牙病从医院延伸到课堂 ,对培养儿童良好的口腔卫生习惯 ,树立牙病预防的正确观念 ,提高儿童口腔健康水平具有重要意义     

上海市徐汇区幼儿园幼儿口腔卫生现况调查

目的了解徐汇区幼儿园3-6岁幼儿口腔卫生状况,提出改善的建议,以期改善徐汇区幼儿园幼儿的口腔卫生状况。方法通过整群抽样选取徐汇区5所幼儿园并对其3～6岁883名幼儿进行调查．由专业的口腔卫生医师检查幼儿口腔卫生情况并记录。对于幼儿家长进行自填式问卷调查,问卷内容包括：幼儿饮食习惯、幼儿口腔卫生行为等。结果幼儿龋齿患病率为54．9％：5-6岁幼儿龋患率最高为81．9％：良好的口腔卫生行为和饮食习惯以及幼儿口腔卫生预防性保健还有待进一步改善和提高。结论幼儿口腔卫生状况的改善,需要相关机构的领导、幼儿教师及家长的配合和努力。