桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手部皮肤缺损及多指蹼一次成形

应用前臂桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣对手部创面的修复已广为应用[1].对手掌(背)联合指蹼皮肤缺损的患者,可以应用前臂桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣覆盖,但需要二次手术重建指蹼.     

前臂逆行岛状皮瓣的临床应用

目的：报道不同类型的前臂逆行岛状皮瓣修复手部皮肤软组织缺损。方法：临床应用八种前臂逆行岛状皮瓣修复77例手部皮肤软组织缺损。结果：4例皮瓣部分坏死，成活73例。术后随访，皮瓣血运、质地良好。结论：前臂逆行岛状皮瓣修复手部皮肤软组织缺损，手术操作简单、安全，效果满意，是临床理想选择。     

逆行岛状皮瓣转位修复手足皮肤缺损

目的 了解逆行岛状皮瓣转位修复手足皮肤缺损的效果。方法 应用7种类型的逆行岛状皮瓣转位修复手足皮肤缺损39例：小腿内侧逆行岛状皮瓣4例；腓肠神经营养血管蒂逆行岛状皮瓣2例；桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣9例；骨间后动脉逆行岛状皮瓣5例；掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣8例；指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣6例；桡神经浅支伴行血管蒂逆行岛状皮瓣5例。结果 除l例皮瓣边缘坏死，经短期换药伤口愈合外，其余38例皮瓣完全成活，外形及功能恢复满意。结论 逆行岛状皮瓣转位修复手足皮肤缺损手术操作简便，效果良好。     

前臂桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣在手外科中的应用

本文介绍应用桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣为１２例手掌、虎口瘢痕孪缩和拇指缺损进行修复，取得成功。认为前臂桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣在手部应用中具有就近取材、简便易行，不必吻合血管，成活率高，皮瓣质地优良等优点，易于推广。文中还就手术方法，适应症选择及效果等进行了讨论。     

前臂逆行岛状皮瓣和腹部皮瓣移植修复手部电击伤？…

因手部电击伤造成组织缺损３７例，采用早期手术修复。手术方法：（１）前臂逆行岛状皮瓣移植；（２）腹部皮瓣移植。以前臂逆行岛状皮瓣疗效满意。     

前臂桡动脉岛状皮瓣逆行修复烧伤后虎口瘢痕挛缩畸形及康复治疗

拇指功能占全收功能的50％以上,烧伤后虎口瘢痕挛缩畸形严重影响拇指的功能活动。探讨前臂桡动脉岛状皮瓣逆行修复烧伤后虎口瘢痕挛缩畸形及康复治疗的临床效果。虎口瘢痕松解后采用前臂桡动脉岛状皮瓣逆行修复能更好地保持虎口的宽度,且外形美观,皮瓣厚薄适中,有良好的弹性、耐磨,有利于拇指的功能活动,皮瓣内有桡神经的感觉支,术后具有良好的感觉。     

前臂桡动脉岛状皮瓣逆行修复烧伤后虎口瘢痕挛缩畸形及康复治疗

拇指功能占全收功能的50%以上,烧伤后虎口瘢痕挛缩畸形严重影响拇指的功能活动。探讨前臂桡动脉岛状皮瓣逆行修复烧伤后虎口瘢痕挛缩畸形及康复治疗的临床效果。虎口瘢痕松解后采用前臂桡动脉岛状皮瓣逆行修复能更好地保持虎口的宽度,且外形美观,皮瓣厚薄适中,有良好的弹性、耐磨,有利于拇指的功能活动,皮瓣内有桡神经的感觉支,术后具有良好的感觉。     

第Ⅲ、Ⅳ掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣在手电烧伤中的应用(附六例报告)

目的：探讨第Ⅲ、Ⅳ掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣在手电烧伤电,晚期创面上应用的价值。方法：分析6例应用了第Ⅲ、Ⅳ掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣的手电烧佃的病例。结果：早晚期手电烧伤伴有深部组织缺损外露者,应用第Ⅲ、Ⅳ掌背动脉逆行岛状岛状皮瓣修复创面,皮瓣全部成活,术后远期手指功能恢复不良,需进一步肌腱移植,松解。该逆行皮瓣因未作神经吻合,术后皮瓣感觉差。结论：第Ⅲ,Ⅳ掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣,在早,晚期小范围手部电烧伤创面修复中,皮瓣抗感染性强,便于手术,一次性完成,易被病人接受,皮瓣可促进死骨修复,采用多种组织一次性修复应在电烧伤早期完成。     

前臂逆行岛状皮瓣在手外科的应用附13例报告

前臂逆行岛状皮瓣是在前臂游离皮瓣的基础上发展起来的一种新的皮瓣,近年来应用本皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损。重建手功能的报告日渐增多,有一定的优点。我院自1984年以来应用前臂逆行岛状皮瓣修复手部软组织缺损11例,拇指再造2例,均获得成功,现报告如下。临床资料本组13例中,男12例,女1例,年龄15～66岁。高压电击伤2例,热压伤并感染1例,烧伤疤痕挛缩畸形3例,爪形手2例,手背撕脱伤1例,手部脱套伤1例,拇缺损2例。手背皮肤癌1例。切取皮瓣最大面积     

前臂桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手部缺损114例

前臂桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手部各型软组织缺损114例。结果皮瓣皆成活。证明此皮瓣血管粗，位置表浅，皮支丰富，血运佳，可切取面积大，转移方便，与手都缺损肤色基本相同。此法操作简便，成功率高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.