乙型肝炎病毒X抗原转导细胞差示表达全长基因C2的克隆及初步？…

目的 克隆乙型肝炎病毒Ｘ抗原（ＨＢｘＡｇ）相关肝癌差示表达基因并做功能研究。方法 （１）用逆转录病表达ＨＢｘＡｇ细胞模型。（２）用抑制差减杂文做基因差示表达分析。（３）做ＲＮＡ印迹分析（Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｍ Ｂｌｏｔ）及原位分子杂交筛选基因探针。（４）用５＇和３＇迅速未扩增法（ＲＡＣＥ ＰＣＲ进行全长基因序列扩增，并进行体外蛋白翻译及制备抗体，做蛋白质印迹（Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ Ｂｌｏｔ）分析。（５）进行     

HBX基因逆转录病毒载体的构建及在LO2细胞内的稳定表达

目的 构建乙型肝炎病毒X基因(HBX)逆转录病毒载体,并使其在人正常肝细胞LO2内的进行稳定表达.方法 PCR扩增HBX基因,克隆到逆转录病毒载体质粒pSEB-Flag中,构建表达HBX的重组逆转录病毒载体质粒pSEB-Flag-HBX,通过通过PCR、酶切、测序验证HBX基因后;体外将重组质粒pSEB-Flag-HBX与包装质粒pAmpho共同转染人胚胎肾上皮细胞系293T细胞,包装获得携带HBX基因的重组逆转录病毒,并感染靶细胞人正常肝细胞LO2,稻瘟菌素(Blasticidin)筛选,获得成功转入HBX的LO2细胞.通过RT-PCR和Western blot进一步验证HBX基因及HBx蛋白在LO2细胞内的表达.结果 (1)成功获得携带HBX基因的阳性重组质粒pSEB-Flag-HBX;(2)HBX基因被逆转录病毒成功地导入靶细胞LO2细胞,并实现稳定表达,RT-PCR检测到HBX mRNA在靶细胞中的表达,Western blot检测到HBx蛋白在靶细胞LO2-HBx细胞中的表达.结论 成功构建了携带HBX基因的重组逆转录病毒载体,感染人正常肝细胞LO2后能够稳定表达HBx蛋白,为进一步探讨HBx在肝癌发生发展中的作用提供了较为理想的实验模型.     

乙型肝炎病毒x蛋白与肝癌多药耐药性的初步探讨

目的 :研究乙型肝炎病毒x蛋白 (HBX)对肝癌耐药相关基因MDR1、MRP1的作用及其影响。方法 :利用瞬时转染HBX基因的方法建立细胞模型 ,然后用逆转录一聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)和蛋白质免疫印迹检测 (Westernblot)技术 ,分别检测转染前后人癌肝细胞株HepG2多药耐药相关基因和蛋白水平的表达情况。再使用流式检测阿毒素诱导后两种细胞的凋亡率。结果 :转染前后相比 ,转染HBX基因的HepG2细胞多药耐药相关基因和蛋白表达水平比转染前均明显上调 (P <0 0 5 ) ;转染后MPR1基因表达量与转染前比为 3 11,MDR1为 4 99。Westernblot显示转染后p 170蛋白水平上升 1 10倍 ,MRP蛋白上升 5 0 8倍。AnnexinV FITC/PI检测提示 ,阿霉素诱导后转染组调亡率明显低于对照组。结论 :乙型肝炎病毒x蛋白可能是造成肝癌多药耐药的原因之一。     

HBX在肝癌细胞中通过下调miR-199a增强AKT的表达

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白(hepatitis B virus X protein,HBX)调节miR-199a的表达在HBV相关性肝癌发生中的分子机制.方法 重组HBX腺病毒(Ad-HBX)感染人肝癌HepG2细胞,HBX的siRNA转染稳定表达HBV基因的人肝癌HepG2.2.15细胞,荧光定量PCR方法检测HBV相关性肝癌组织标本和肝癌细胞中HBX、miR-199a、AKT的mRNA表达水平及运用Western blot检测肝癌组织标本和肝癌细胞中HBX、AKT的蛋白表达水平;分别用miR-199a mimics和miR-199a inhibitor的转染肝癌细胞后,荧光定量PCR方法检测肝癌细胞中AKT的mRNA表达水平及运用Westem blot检测肝癌细胞中AKT的蛋白表达水平.结果 miR-199a在HepG2.2.15细胞中表达水平显著低于HepG2细胞,并且证实其表达下调受到了HBX的调控(P＜0.05),HepG2.2.15细胞中AKT表达水平显著高于HepG2细胞(P＜0.05),在HepG2.2.15细胞中过表达miR-199a能明显下调AKT表达水平以及在HepG2细胞中抑制miR-199a能明显上调的AKT表达水平(P＜0.05),此外,miR-199a的表达量在HBV相关性肝癌组织比相应的癌旁组织表达降低.结论 HBX可以通过miR-199a调节AKT导致HBV相关性肝癌发生.     

大鼠肝再生中1个表达上调新基因的克隆表达及分析

目的　克隆肝再生相关新基因。方法　以抑制性消减杂交得到的1个EST为模板制备探针,运用Southern印迹方法,从构建的再生肝76 h c DNA文库中调取了它的c DNA全长,并利用基因原核表达技术,表达并纯化出它的蛋白产物,制作了该蛋白的兔源多抗,分别用所制该基因的探针,采用点杂交技术检测了0～76 h的再生肝材料。结果　获得了1个新基因全长,BL AST检索结果为1未知功能基因,暂时命名为liver regeneration relatedprotein(L RRP) ,大鼠基因组数据库中检索结果证实L RRP位于19q12且由4个外显子和3个内含子组成,递交Gen Bank获登录号为AY0 98917。表达纯化出了它的融合蛋白产物,并得到了它的多克隆抗体。点杂交结果也证实了基因在肝切除后76 h明显上调。结论　L RRP基因全长的克隆和它的高效多克隆抗体的获得为进一步研究该基因的功能奠定了基础。     

乙肝病毒X基因对人肝癌细胞株HepG2凋亡的影响

目的 探讨乙肝病毒X基因(hepatitis B virus,HBX)对人肝癌细胞株HepG2凋亡的影响.方法 采用脂质体转染法将HBX真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-X转人人肝癌细胞HepG2中,建立表达HBX的HepG2/HBX细胞模型;以转染空载体pcDNA3.1的HepG2/pcDNA3.1细胞为对照,于转染后24、48、72、96 h收集细胞标本,行流式细胞术分析肝细胞凋亡率变化情况,RT-PCR、Western blot分别检测肝癌细胞内HBX和凋亡相关基因Fas、FasL表达以及JNK、c-Jun蛋白磷酸化水平情况.结果 转染24 h后HepG2/HBX细胞中即检测出HBX表达,且其表达量随时间延长而逐渐增高(P＜0.05);对照组细胞中各时间点均无HBX的表达.转染后各时间点,HepG2/HBX细胞与对照组细胞相比,细胞凋亡率均升高(P＜0.05),Fas、FasL表达量和JNK、c-Jan蛋白磷酸化水平亦均增高(P＜0.05);且HBX mRNA表达量与细胞凋亡率、Fas和FasL表达量以及JNK、c-Jun的磷酸化水平均呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论 HBx可通过上调JNK、c-Jun蛋白磷酸化水平而促进FasL蛋白的表达,从而诱导HepG2细胞凋亡.     

肝癌相关基因HTA的重组表达及蛋白功能研究

目的:将肝癌相关基因HTA基因(hepatoma associated gene)进行重组表达,并对HTA蛋白功能进行初步研究.方法:从肝癌细胞系HepG2细胞中扩增得到HTA338-616cDNA,再将其克隆到原核表达载体pET21a(+)-MBP内,诱导表达MBP-HTA融合蛋白及MBP蛋白,His-tag磁珠纯化...     

丙型肝炎病毒核心区蛋白在HepG2细胞中的表达

目的 :构建能稳定表达丙型肝炎病毒核心区蛋白的哺乳动物细胞系 ,以便对丙型肝炎病毒核心区蛋白的抗原性及其他功能作进一步研究。方法 :通过PCR扩增丙型肝炎病毒核心基因 ,将其亚克隆入真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1( )中 ,用脂质体包裹后转染肝癌细胞系HepG2 ,通过G4 18筛选获得稳定转染细胞系 ,并通过间接免疫荧光法检测HepG2中丙型肝炎病毒核心区蛋白的表达。结果 :克隆的基因全长 5 94bp ,并经测序和重组质粒双酶切证实为所需目的基因 ;经间接免疫荧光验证实转染了目的基因的HepG2细胞中有丙型肝炎核心区蛋白的表达。结论 :丙型肝炎病毒核心区蛋白能在HepG2细胞中稳定表达。     

HBX基因重组腺病毒载体的构建

目的:构建携HBX基因的腺病毒载体,为进一步研究HBX基因的功能,为阐明HBV感染导致肝癌的机制研究建立基础.方法:采用PCR技术从HBV全基因组DNA中扩增HBX基因;将HBX基因亚克隆至质粒pHAHA,构建质粒pHAHA-HBX,酶切pHAHA-HBX质粒,将HAHA-HBX片段克隆到腺病毒载体pAd-Track-CMV中,得到pAdTrack-CMV-HBX,同时与pAdEasy-1共转染293细胞,确定转染效率.检测培养上清病毒中HBX的存在.结果:将PCR扩增HBX片段成功克隆到腺病毒载体中,并经序列分析证实;建立了产病毒细胞株,证实重组病毒中含有HBX基因.结论:成功构建了携HBx基因的腺病毒载体.     

肝癌相关基因的分子克隆和可变剪切分析

目的: 获取肝癌相关基因(hepatoma associated gene,HTA)的mRNA分子全长序列并对其可变剪接进行分析,检测其转录本在各肝癌细胞系中的表达,为进一步研究该基因在肝癌发生、发展中的作用奠定基础。方法: 用3'RACE 和5'RACE方法扩增HTA基因的全长序列并对其序列信息和可变剪接进行扩增和测序分析,用Northern印迹检测该基因转录本在不同肝癌和正常肝细胞系中的表达。结果: HTA基因全长序列为1414 bp,经分析该序列包含3个外显子,2个内含子,其中2号内含子在可变剪接中被作为外显子表达。Northern印迹显示HTA基因1.7 kb转录本和1.4 kb转录本均表达于恶性肝癌细胞系,而不表达于正常细胞系。结论: 成功获得了HTA基因的全长序列并对其可变剪接进行了分析,2个大小不同的转录本均在肝癌细胞系中特异性表达,作为一个肝癌相关基因值得进一步深入研究。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.