新生儿血清瘦素水平与生长发育关系研究

目的：探讨新生儿血清瘦素与生长发育的关系。方法：采用放射免疫法检测80例新生儿静脉血和脐血瘦素水平,其中66例足月儿分为大于胎龄儿(LGA)组18例,适于胎龄儿(AGA)组32例,小于胎龄儿(SGA)组16例。采用Rohrer’s指数=出生体重(g)×100/身长(cm)~3估测新生儿营养状态。结果：早产儿血清瘦素水平明显低于足月儿[(0.66±1.03)ng/ml vs(3.59±2.16)ng/ml],P<0.01;足月儿中AGA血清瘦素水平[(3.06±0.96)ng/ml]明显低于LGA[(4.03±2.22)ng/ml],而高于SGA[(1.13±1.98)ng/ml];足月新生儿血清瘦素水平与Rohrer’s指数、新生儿体重、胎龄呈显著正相关(r=0.61,0.68,0.62,P均<0.01)。结论：新生儿体内瘦素是反映新生儿的发育和营养状态的有用指标。[中国当代儿科杂志,2003,5(1):29-30]     

脐血瘦素、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ与胎儿生长发育

目的 揭示脐血瘦素及胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)与胎儿生长发育的关系,探讨其在胎儿生长发育方面的相互作用及临床意义.方法 采用放射免疫法测定86例新生儿脐血瘦素、IGF-Ⅰ水平,根据胎龄及出生体重百分位数的关系分为:小于胎龄儿(SGA)组16例、适于胎龄儿(AGA)组41例及大于胎龄儿(LGA)组29例.同时测量新生儿的出生体重、身长、头围、足长、胎盘重量并计算体质指数(BMI).结果 ①脐血瘦素水平SGA组与AGA组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平AGA与LGA组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).②脐血瘦素及IGF-Ⅰ水平分别与新生儿出生体重、身长、头围、足长、BMI及胎盘重量呈显著正相关(P<0.01),脐血瘦素与IGF-Ⅰ水平亦呈显著正相关(P<0.01).③脐血瘦素水平与新生儿性别及分娩方式间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平与新生儿性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与新生儿分娩方式差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 脐血瘦素、IGF-Ⅰ在调节胎儿生长发育方面起着重要作用,参与胎儿的生长发育过程,可作为评价胎儿生长发育及营养状态的临床指标之一.脐血瘦素、IGF-Ⅰ水平异常可能是引起胎儿宫内生长迟缓和巨大儿发生的原因之一.     

新生儿脐血脂联素水平及与其他相关激素间关系研究

目的探讨新生儿脐血脂联素水平及与脐血瘦素、胰岛素、甲状腺激素、生长激素间的关系。方法采用放射免疫法检测78例正常足月新生儿脐血脂联素、瘦素、胰岛素、甲状腺激素、生长激素水平,所有新生儿分为小于胎龄儿(SGA)13例、适于胎龄儿(AGA)53例、大于胎龄儿(LGA)12例,并计算体重指数=体重(kg)/身长2(cm2)评估新生儿营养状态。结果新生儿脐血脂联素水平为(24.58±4.26)μg/ml,与体重指数呈正相关(r=0.367,P<0.05);SGA组脐血脂联素为(19.95±4.70)μg/ml,AGA组(24.81±4.15)μg/ml,LGA组(26.57±4.29)μg/ml,3者间差异显著(F=8.871,P<0.05);新生儿不同性别、分娩方式间脂联素水平差异无显著性(t=1.314,0.713,P均>0.05);脐血脂联素与瘦素、胰岛素、FT3、FT4呈正相关(r=0.298~0.453,P均<0.05);与TSH呈负相关(r=-0.487,P<0.05);与生长激素、TT3、TT4无相关性(r=0.072、0.182、0.211,P>0.05)。结论新生儿脐血脂联素水平为(24.58±4.26)μg/ml,在一定程度上反映了胎儿的营养状态,它可能与瘦素、胰岛素、甲状腺激素一起共同调节胎儿的生长发育,它们可以作为评估胎儿体重与生长发育的临床指标。     

足月新生儿脐血瘦素水平测定及其与胰岛素的关系

目的探讨瘦素对胎儿生长发育的影响及其与胰岛素的关系。方法采用放射免疫分析法对83例足月新生儿脐血瘦素、胰岛素水平进行测定,测量新生儿出生体质量、身长,记录性别及分娩方式,计算体质量指数(BMI)评估新生儿营养状况。结果1.足月新生儿脐血瘦素水平为(10.53±7.05)μg/L,其中男婴(9.01±4.53)μg/L;女婴(11.62±5.03)μg/L。剖宫产组瘦素水平(10.07±5.88)μg/L;阴道分娩组瘦素(13.55±12.00)μg/L。瘦素水平在性别之间无明显差异(t=1.934 P>0.05),分娩方式间亦无明显差异(t=-1.216 P>0.05)。2.新生儿脐血瘦素水平与BMI呈显著正相关(r=0.520 P<0.01)。瘦素水平在大于胎龄儿(LGA)、适于胎龄儿(AGA)、小于胎龄儿(SGA)组分别为(17.29±8.99)(、10.54±4.96)(、3.33±1.58)μg/L,3组间有明显差异,LGA组明显高于其他两组(F=16.5 P<0.01)。3.新生儿脐血瘦素水平与胰岛素呈显著正相关(r=0.436 P<0.01)。结论瘦素在胎儿宫内生长和发育过程中起重要的调节作用,与胰岛素关系密切。     

脂联素、瘦素及胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ在胎儿生长发育中的作用

目的探讨脂联素、瘦素及胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)在胎儿生长发育中的作用。方法选择2006年10月-2007年10月在本院产科出生的新生儿86例。胎龄31~42周;男57例,女29例。根据不同出生体质量分为小于胎龄儿(SGA)组(16例),适于胎龄儿(AGA)组(41例)及大于胎龄儿(LGA)组(29例)。胎儿娩出后立即断脐留脐血20 mL,采用放射免疫分析法测定血清脂联素、瘦素及IGF-Ⅰ水平,同时检测其血脂水平,测量新生儿生长参数,计算体质量指数(BMI)。结果1.新生儿脐血瘦素、脂联素及IGF-Ⅰ水平无显著性别差异。2.脐血瘦素水平在SGA、AGA、LGA3组间有显著差异(P<0.001),LGA组显著高于AGA及SAG组(P<0.01,0.001);脐血瘦素水平与体质量、胎龄、头围、身长、足长及胎盘质量均呈显著正相关(Pa<0.01)。3.脐血脂联素水平与出生体质量、头围、足长、BMI水平均呈显著正相关(Pa<0.05)。脐血脂联素水平在SGA、AGA、LGA3组间有显著差异(P<0.001),LGA组高于AGA及SAG组(Pa<0.01)。4.LGA组脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平显著高于AGA及SAG组,3组间有明显差异(P<0.001);脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平与体质量、头围、身长、足长及胎盘质量均呈显著正相关(Pa<0.01)。5.脐血瘦素与脂联素、IGF-Ⅰ水平呈显著正相关(Pa<0.01),脐血脂联素与IGF-Ⅰ水平无明显相关关系(P>0.05)。6.SGA、AGA、LGA3组血脂水平比较无显著差异(Pa>0.05)。脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平与三酰甘油水平呈明显负相关(P<0.05),脐血脂联素、瘦素水平与血脂各指标间均无明显相关性(Pa>0.05)。结论瘦素与脂联素、IGF-Ⅰ在胎儿宫内生长和发育过程中起重要的调节作用,可作为评价胎儿生长发育及营养状态的临床指标之一。     

脐血脂联素、瘦素水平与胎儿发育的相关性

目的 探讨脐血脂联素、瘦素水平与胎儿生长发育的关系.方法 选择2006年10月至2007年10月在我院产科出生的新生儿86例,根据不同出生体质量分为小于胎龄儿(SGA)组16例,适于胎龄儿(AGA)组41例,大于胎龄儿(LGA)组29例.胎儿娩出后立即断脐留脐血20ml,采用放射免疫分析法测定血清脂联素、瘦素水平,同时检测其血脂水平,测量新生儿生长参数,计算体质量指数(BMI).结果 (1)3组脐血瘦素和脂联素水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),LGA组明显高于AGA及SAG组(P<0.01);(2)脐血瘦素水平与体质量、胎龄、头围、身长、足长及胎盘重量呈正相关(P<0.01),脐血脂联素水平与出生体质量、头围、足长、BMI水平呈正相关(P<0.05).(3)脐血瘦素与脂联素水平呈显著正相关(P<0.01).(4)3组血脂水平比较差异无统计学意义;脐血脂联素、瘦素水平与血脂各指标间无明显相关性(P>0.05).结论 瘦素与脂联素在胎儿宫内生长和发育过程中起重要的调节作用.     

新生儿脐血瘦素水平测定及相关因素分析

目的测定脐血瘦素(leptin)水平并分析其相关因素,以探讨瘦素在胎儿生长发育中的作用.方法采用放射免疫法测定80例新生儿脐血瘦素水平,其中早产儿16例,足月儿64例.足月儿又分为小于胎龄儿11例,适于胎龄儿31例,大于胎龄儿22例.结果早产儿瘦素水平明显低于足月儿(4.25±3.19ng/mlvs9.86±5.50ng/ml,P＜0.001),足月儿中适于胎龄儿瘦素水平(8.91±5.20ng/ml)显著高于小于胎龄儿(5.17±2.46ng/ml)而低于大于胎龄儿(13.56±4.67ng/ml);脐血瘦素与胎龄、出生体重、身长、Kaup指数、头围、胎盘重量、脐血胰岛素、血脂等呈正相关关系;多元逐步回归分析表明体重、性别、胎龄是脐血瘦素的主要相关因素.结论各组新生儿瘦素水平有显著差异,体重、性别、胎龄是其主要相关因素,故瘦素对胎儿生长发育起着重要作用,是胎儿宫内生长发育的重要调控因子.     

足月新生儿脐血ghrelin水平与瘦素、生长激素水平关系研究

目的 探讨ghrelin调节胎儿生长发育的可能的作用机制.方法 采用放射免疫法测定78例足月新生儿脐血ghrelin、瘦素、生长激素水平,分析脐血ghrelin、瘦素、生长激素水平与出生体重的关系及脐血ghrelin水平与瘦素、生长激素水平间的关系.结果 小于胎龄儿(SGA)、适于胎龄儿(AGA)、大于胎龄儿(LGA)三组间新生儿脐血ghrelin、瘦素水平差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01).脐血ghrelin水平与出生体重呈负相关性(r=-0.339,P=0.002),脐血瘦素水平与出生体重呈正相关性(r=0.373,P=0.001),脐血ghrelin水平与瘦素无相关性(P=0.175).脐血生长激素水平与出生体重、脐血ghrelin水平均无相关性(P=0.267,0.059).结论 Ghrelin及瘦素共同调节胎儿生长发育的机制可能与出生后两者的调节机制有所区别,Ghrelin可能并非通过刺激生长激素分泌而发挥调节胎儿生长发育作用.     

宫内生长迟缓儿脐血瘦素胰岛素生长激素的水平及临床意义

目的：　探讨脐血瘦素、胰岛素、生长激素在胎儿宫内生长迟缓(IUGR)发病中的作用。方法：　采用放射免疫法测定 31例足月IUGR儿(轻度11例,重度20例)和47例足月适于胎龄儿(正常组)脐血瘦素、胰岛素、生长激素水平。结果：　IUGR儿脐血瘦素、胰岛素、生长激素明显低于正常儿,瘦素(5.55±3.79)ng/ml vs (9.47±5.97)ng/ml,胰岛素(9.75± 4.80)mU/L vs (15.59±9.11)mU/L,生长激素(8.71±4.5 4)ng/ml vs (12.77±4.30)ng/ml,(P<0.01),且IUGR儿的不良生长程度越重,三者水平越低。结论：　瘦素、胰岛素、生长激素分泌不足导致内分泌紊乱,形成一个不利于胎儿生长发育的内环境而至胎儿宫内生长迟缓。     

胎盘组织中瘦素及瘦素受体表达与胎儿宫内发育迟缓

目的　探讨胎盘组织中瘦素及其受体表达水平与胎儿宫内生长发育的关系。方法　采用逆转录定量聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)检测 87例胎盘组织瘦素及瘦素受体mRNA的相对水平。同时测量新生儿出生体质量及皮下脂肪厚度 ,并采用体脂含量 [F % =0 .8848×SFT4 0 .0 2 2 ]估测新生儿营养状态 ,分析 33例小于胎龄儿和 54例适于胎龄儿营养状态与胎盘组织瘦素及瘦素受体表达的相关关系。结果　 1 .胎盘组织中瘦素受体mRNA表达水平为 0 .894± 0 .2 91 ,与新生儿出生体质量及体脂含量均呈正相关关系 (r =0 .651 ,0 .581　P <0 .0 0 1 )。其中SGA组瘦素受体显著低于AGA组 (t =6 .42 5　P =0 )。 2 .胎盘组织中瘦素mRNA表达水平为 0 .937± 0 .2 81 ,与新生儿出生体重及体脂含量亦呈正相关 (r=0 .453　 0 .41 7　P =0 ,0 .0 0 1 )。其中SGA组瘦素mRNA ,明显低于AGA组 (t=4.393　P =0 )。 3 .胎盘瘦素mRNA表达水平和瘦素受体mRNA表达水平均与脐血瘦素水平无明显相关性。结论　胎儿宫内发育迟缓与胎盘瘦素分泌减少及受体表达低下密切相关。胎盘分泌的瘦素可能通过与受体结合影响胎盘功能而发挥对胎儿生长发育的调控作用。     

Influence of gestational age and intrauterine growth on leptin concentrations in venous cord blood of human newborns

BACKGROUND: The ob gene product leptin is involved in the regulation of body weight and energy expenditure, suggesting a potential role of leptin in embryonal and fetal development and progression of pregnancy. In term infants, leptin concentrations showed a positive correlation with birth weight. We aimed at comparing leptin cord blood levels in AGA (appropriate for gestational age) to SGA (small for gestational age) preterm and term newborns. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety-seven human newborns, 47 females and 50 males, 33 born at term and 64 born before 36 weeks of gestation, were studied prospectively. Leptin concentrations in venous cord blood were determined using a specific RIA (radioimmunoassay). RESULTS: In term newborns, mean gestational age (GA) was 39 weeks (wk) (+/- 0.7 wk) and mean birth weight (BW) was 3316 g (+/- 473 g); in preterm newborns (n = 64), mean GA was 30 wk (+/- 5.0 wk) and mean BW was 1398 g (+/- 505 g). Mean standard deviation score of birth weight (BW SDS) was calculated as - 0.47. Mean leptin concentrations in term newborns differed significantly from those in preterm newborns (9.21 +/- 2.63 ng/ml vs. 1.58 +/- 0.88 ng/ml; p < 0.0001). In preterm and term infants, leptin concentrations showed a linear correlation with BW (r = 0.46; p < 0.0001) and GA (r = 0.48; p < 0.0001), respectively. Leptin levels were best predicted by an exponential regression model with GA (Leptin = exp(- 4.41 + 0.14 x GA); r = 0.61; p < 0.0001). Using multivariate regression analysis (r = 0.57; p < 0.0001), we found significant influences of GA (p < 0.00001) and BW SDS (p < 0.05) on leptin levels. No difference was observed between leptin values in AGA versus SGA preterm infants. CONCLUSION: These data suggest fetal leptin levels to be primarily determined by GA and additionally modulated by growth restriction in term newborns. We found a dramatic increase at weeks 33 to 35 of gestation and no modulation by BW SDS in very preterm infants.     

Maternal and fetal serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), leptin levels and early postnatal growth in infants born asymmetrically small for gestational age

This study was planned to investigate the relationship between birth weight and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and leptin levels in neonates with normal growth (appropriate for gestational age: AGA) and retarded growth (small for gestational age: SGA); and to evaluate these growth factors' effects in early postnatal growth. All newborns were full-term: gestational age 3,841 weeks. Of 50 neonates, 25 were SGA. IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels were measured in maternal serum and venous cord blood at birth and at 15 days of life of neonates using specific RIAs. Maternal serum leptin concentrations were significantly higher than cord blood leptin concentrations (p < 0.001). Maternal serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels did not show correlations with birth weight. In contrast, there were significantly positive correlations between birth weight and venous cord blood IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels (p < 0.001). In the SGA group, the newborns with a slow postnatal growth pattern had lower umbilical cord serum IGF-I levels compared with newborns with a normal growth pattern. A similar result was also found in the AGA group. Similar results were not found for serum leptin and IGFBP-3. In conclusion, cord blood IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels play an important role in the regulation of fetal and neonatal growth. It is likely that IGF-I has a more important role than the other factors in early postnatal growth.     

Resistin in Cord Blood of Small for Gestation Age and Appropriate for Gestation Age Term Neonates

Objective

Placental hormones such as resistin, adiponectin, ghrelin and leptin are known to have considerable role in fetal growth and there are some articles published in this area recently. Nevertheless there is a shortage of data showing association between resistin level and fetal growth; that was why we decided to conduct a study to evaluate this association.

Methods

This study was approved by ethic committee of pediatric health research center and research vice chancellor of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. In this case-control study we measured the insulin, glucose and resistin in the cord blood of neonates with gestational age of 37 weeks or more in Al Zahra tertiary hospital from March 2011 to March 2012. Thirty-nine appropriate for gestation age (AGA) neonates and 41 small for gestation age (SGA) neonates were studied.

Findings

The umbilical cord blood resistin level was not found to have significant correlation with the type of delivery [normal vaginal delivery (NVD) or cesarean-section (C-S)], neonate’s gender, maternal age or body mass index (BMI). There was no significant difference in the levels of Insulin and glucose between AGA and SGA groups. Resistin level of blood cord in AGA group was 613.76±180.10 (range: 132.6-983.80 ng/ml) and in SGA group it was 1303.47±537.07 (range: 800.9-3001 ng/ml) (P<0.001). Neonates’ weight in AGA group was 3162.82±407.92 g and in SGA group it was 2425.85±32.84 g (P<0.001).

Conclusion

In this study resistin level had reverse correlation with fetal weight in term neonates. The SGA neonates with growth insufficiency have higher resistin levels in their cord blood than AGA neonates with same gestational age. It is recommended to conduct more studies in future with larger population of patients to clarify the resistin role in neonatal birth weight.     

Association between serum leptin and anthropometric parameters at birth and at 15th day of life in infants born asymmetrically small for gestational age

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in skinfold measurements taken at three sites, mid-arm circumference and umbilical circumference during the first 15 days of life; and to evaluate relationships between anthropometric measurements and umbilical cord blood serum leptin levels in infants born small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. Of 50 newborn infants, 25 were SGA and 25 were AGA. Neonates' weight, mid-arm circumference (MAC), umbilical circumference (UC), and triceps, subscapular and periumbilical skinfold thicknesses were measured (Holtain callipers) immediately after delivery. Anthropometric parameters were measured again at 15th days of age. At birth, mean birth weight, mean skinfold thickness, MAC and UC measurements in the AGA group were significantly higher than those of the SGA group. These differences were also found on the 15th day. Birth weight correlated with all skinfold thicknesses, MAC and UC at birth. Weight at 15th day of life correlated with skinfold thicknesses, MAC and UC at 15th day of life. Cord blood leptin level was significantly lower in the SGA than in the AGA infants. This difference continued on the 15th day. When cord blood leptin level was compared with that of the 15th day, we found that leptin levels in the cord blood were significantly higher. There were significantly positive correlations between leptin levels and birth weight and skinfold thicknesses when the infants were all grouped together. When the newborns were grouped according to birth weight, there were positive correlations between cord blood serum leptin levels and these parameters in the AGA group, but no correlation in the SGA group. At the 15th day of life serum leptin levels correlated with weight, subscapular and triceps skinfold thickness in the AGA group, but only with triceps skinfold thickness in the SGA group.     

The relationship of the levels of leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin in cord blood with birth size, ponderal index, and gender difference

In humans, serum levels of leptin correlate with total body fat in both adults and children. After collecting cord blood from 156 term neonates (82 males, 74 females; 132 AGA and 22 LGA), we measured the cord levels of leptin, insulin and IGF-I to determine the relationships between these three hormones and relationships of these hormones with birth size (birth weight and ponderal index for adiposity in newborn) and gender. The leptin and IGF-I levels were significantly higher in the LGA group (9.2+/-4.0 ng/ml and 96.1+/-34.1 ng/ml, respectively) than in the AGA group (4.8+/-3.8 ng/ml and 56.4+/-37.6 ng/ml, respectively). A significant positive correlation was observed between leptin levels and birth weight, and a weaker correlation between leptin levels and birth height. IGF-I level significantly correlated with birth weight and birth height, but there was no correlation between the levels of insulin and birth weight. There was no relationship between the levels of IGF-I, insulin and leptin. Ponderal index was higher in LGA than in AGA. A significant correlation was also observed between the levels of leptin and ponderal index, but not between the levels of insulin or IGF-I and ponderal index. The levels of leptin and ponderal index were higher in females than males despite no gender differences in gestational age and birth weight. In conclusion, our results suggest that the level of IGF-I is a useful index for fetal growth during late gestation, and the development of adipose tissue is the major determinant of fetal serum leptin levels, the production of which is not regulated by insulin or IGF-I. In addition, a gender difference with a higher level of leptin in female neonates suggests that sexual dimorphism in adipose tissue already exists in utero.     

骨钙素、Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端前肽、胰岛素样生长因子-1及其相关激素与胎儿骨发育的关系

目的 探讨骨钙素(OC)、Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端前肽(PICP) 及胰岛素样生长因子.1(IGF.1)等激素水平与胎儿骨生长发育的关系.方法 选择本院2008年10月-2009年10月收治的新生儿80例.男41例,女39例;胎龄28～42周.根据不同出生体质量分为小于胎龄(SGA)儿组22例,适于胎龄(AGA)儿组36例及大于胎龄(LGA)儿组(22例).胎儿娩出后,胎盘娩出前抽取其脐静脉血6 mL,采用放射免疫分析法测定其血清OC、IGF.1及甲状旁腺激素水平,酶联免疫吸附法检测其脐血PICP水平;同时检测其血钙、磷、ALP水平,测量新生儿生长参数,计算体质量指数(BMI).结果 1.脐血OC水平在SGA儿组、AGA儿组、LGA儿组间比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),LGA儿组显著高于AGA儿及SAG儿组(P＜0.01,0.001);脐血OC水平与出生体质量、头围、BMI呈正相关(Pa＜0.05),与身长无明显相关性(P＞0.05).2.LGA儿组脐血IGF.1水平显著高于AGA儿及SAG儿组,3组间比较有统计学差异(P=0.002);脐血IGF.1水平与出生体质量、头围、BMI水平均呈正相关(Pa＜0.05),与身长无明显相关性(P＞0.05).3.AGA儿组、LGA儿组脐血PICP水平明显高于SGA儿组,但3组间无统计学差异(P=0.070).脐血PICP、PTH水平与生长参数各指标水平均无直线相关关系(Pa＞0.05),偏相关分析脐血PICP与出生体质量、头围、BMI均呈正相关(r=0.239、0.250、0.306,Pa<0.05).4.脐血OC水平与PICP、IGF.1水平均呈正相关(Pa＜0.05),OC、PICP与PTH、ALP水平之间均无明显相关(Pa＞0.05).5.3组脐血钙、血磷、ALP水平均无统计学差异(Pa＞0.05).结论 SGA儿低血清OC、PICP水平与骨形成活动下降相关,脐血OC、PICP及IGF.1可作为评价胎儿骨骼生长发育的临床指标之一.     

Intracellular magnesium and adipokines in umbilical cord plasma and infant birth size

Many epidemiologic studies have disclosed that restricted fetal growth has been associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance in adulthood. We studied the relationship of intracellular magnesium [Mg2+]i in cord blood platelets to adipocytokine and birth size. The subjects were 20 infants with small for gestational age (SGA) and 45 infants with appropriate for gestational age (AGA). By using a fluorescent probe, we examined [Mg2+]i of platelets in the cord blood. Cord plasma insulin, IGF-I, ghrelin, adiponectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and leptin levels were determined with the use of ELISA. Mean [Mg2+]i was lower in the SGA than in the AGA groups (p < 0.001). Adiponectin and IGF-I were also lower in the SGA than in the AGA, whereas PAI-1 was higher in the SGA. [Mg2+]i was significantly correlated with birth weight, birth length, and adiponectin. Birth weight was also correlated with cord plasma IGF-I, adiponectin, and leptin. Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was lower in the SGA group than in the AGA group. [Mg]i and adiponectin were correlated with QUICKI in all subjects. [Mg]i, as well as leptin and IGF-I, reflect the extent of fetal growth. Decreased [Mg2+]i may be involved in the underlying processes to insulin resistance.     

窒息新生儿血清促生长激素释放多肽与超敏C反应蛋白水平动态变化及临床意义

目的探讨窒息新生儿血清促生长激素释放多肽(Ghrelin)及超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平的动态变化。方法选择我院产科2010年4月至2011年6月分娩的轻度、重度窒息新生儿各40例为观察组,检测脐血、急性期(1～3天)及恢复期(7～10天)血清Ghrelin和hs-CRP水平;选择同期住院无窒息史的健康新生儿40例为对照组,检测脐血Ghrelin和hs-CRP水平。结果窒息组Ghrelin水平随病程变化先降后升,急性期[(22.1±8.8)ng/ml]与恢复期[(33.2±12.2)ng/ml]均低于脐血[(38.0±13.2)ng/ml],恢复期高于急性期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组脐血Ghrelin水平[(72.3±15.6)mg/ml]明显高于窒息组,轻度窒息组脐血、急性期、恢复期Ghrelin水平高于重度窒息组。窒息组hs-CRP水平随病程变化先升后降,急性期[(0.48±0.22)mg/L]高于脐血[(0.14±0.11)mg/L],恢复期[(0.12±0.09)mg/L]低于急性期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组脐血hs-CRP水平[(0.02±0.00)mg/L]低于窒息组;轻度窒息组急性期低于重度窒息组,脐血和恢复期与重度窒息组比较差异无统计学意义。结论 Ghrelin、hs-CRP水平与窒息的发生、发展有关,窒息新生儿脐血、恢复期血清中Ghrelin变化比Hs-CRP更能反应窒息严重程度。