肺叶切除术和局限性切除术对老年Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者的预后影响

目的研究局限性切除术对老年Ⅰ期NSCLC患者围手术期并发症及远期生存的影响。方法回顾性分析明确诊断为NSCLC并行肺癌切除术(肺叶切除术、局限性切除术)的患者,对其人口学资料及临床病理学资料进行对比分析并绘制生存曲线比较术式对预后的影响。结果肺叶切除术组FEV1为79.27,而局限性切除术组为87.86(P=0.034);肺叶切除术组手术时间较局限性切除术组长(123.6 min vs 81.8 min,P=0.001),且失血量更多(121.07 ml vs68.08 ml,P=0.000),但是肺叶切除术组淋巴结清扫数目多(13.3 vs 2.9,P=0.000);肺叶切除术组与局限性切除术组相比总生存期及无病生存期差异无统计学意义(P=0.494),但是亚组分析显示:当肿瘤直径>2 cm或FEV1>80%时,肺叶切除术患者可以获得更好的无病生存期(P=0.010,P=00.024)。结论对于肿瘤直径<2 cm且(或)心肺功能较差的老年Ⅰ期NSCLC患者,局限性切除术应该是这部分患者的优先选择。     

亚肺叶切除术治疗肿瘤直径≤2 cm的Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌30例

 目的　探讨亚肺叶切除术在治疗肿瘤直径≤2 cmⅠ期原发非小细胞肺癌中的价值。方法　回顾性分析30例亚肺叶切除术治疗肿瘤直径≤2 cmⅠ期肺癌患者的临床资料。结果　30例均为原发性肺癌,术前均考虑周围型肺占位,术后病理分期ⅠA期13例,ⅠB期17例。无手术期死亡及术后严重并发症,1年生存率100 %（29／29）,3年生存率90 %（18／20）。局部复发1例,对侧复发1例,均为ⅠB期患者。结论　亚肺叶切除术是治疗肿瘤直径≤2 cmⅠ期原发非小细胞肺癌的一种重要术式。     

Ⅰ、Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌患者采用完全胸腔镜单向式肺叶切除术的围术期疗效分析

目的:探讨Ⅰ,Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者采用完全胸腔镜单向式肺叶切除术的优点。方法:回顾性分析2016年05月至2018年06月于本院就诊收治的132例Ⅰ,Ⅱ期NSCLC患者的病例资料,根据手术方法的不同进行分组,81例患者采用完全胸腔镜单向式肺叶切除术治疗分为实验组,51例患者采用开放肺叶切除术分为对照组。比较两组患者围术期一般情况、VAS评分、并发症发生情况以及生存率。结果:实验组手术时间、手术切口长度、拔管时间及住院时间均短于对照组,术中出血量、术后引流量少于对照组(P<0.05);实验组术后VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组术后肺持续漏气、感染、房颤以及低氧血症并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);术后失访3例,随访率为97.73%,随访时间2～42个月,中位随访时间为38个月。随访期间实验组、对照组死亡率分别为11.39%(9/79)、12.00%(6/50),经Log-rank检验发现两组患者生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.684,P=0.485)。结论:Ⅰ,Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌患者采用完全胸腔镜单向式肺叶切除...     

电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗早期NSCLC的疗效及对肺功能和生活质量的影响

目的 观察电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术和传统开胸肺叶切除术治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效及对患者肺功能和生活质量的影响.方法 回顾性分析80例Ⅰ～Ⅱ期NSCLC患者的临床资料,依据治疗方法的不同将患者分为对照组(n=33)和观察组(n=47),对照组患者接受传统开胸肺叶切除术,观察组患者接受电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术,比较两组患者的手术相关指标、并发症发生率、术前及术后1个月的肺功能指标和SF-36量表评分.结果 观察组患者的手术时间长于对照组,切口长度短于对照组,术中出血量、引流量少于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).术后1个月,观察组患者的肺功能指标FEV1、PEF和MVV高于对照组,SF-36量表中生理功能、躯体疼痛、总体健康及精神健康评分优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).结论 电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ期NSCLC具有创伤小、出血量少、术后并发症发生率低等优点,且可改善患者的肺功能和生活质量,值得临床推广.     

两种术式治疗老年Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌的预后分析

目的：探讨不同手术方式（肺楔形切除和肺叶切除）对70岁以上Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者预后的影响。方法：回顾性分析于2000年1 月至2006年1 月230 例接受手术治疗的70岁以上Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床资料,对其预后和影响预后的临床因素进行分析。结果：单因素分析结果显示,吸烟史、T 分期、手术方式、淋巴结清扫是患者预后的影响因素（P < 0.05）。 多因素分析提示,手术方式、T 分期、淋巴结清扫均是影响70岁以上Ⅰ期NSCLC 患者预后的独立因素（P < 0.05）。 肺楔形切除组5 年生存率42.2%（35/ 83）,肺叶切除组5 年生存率50.3%（74/ 147）,组间差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 进一步分层分析T 1a 的Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者,行肺楔形切除和肺叶切除的5 年生存率差异无统计学意义（51.9% vs . 53.3% ,P > 0.05）。与肺叶切除组相比,肺楔形切除组手术时间短（P = 0.035）、术中失血少（P = 0.031）、术后住院时间短（P = 0.045）。 结论：肺叶切除+ 系统性淋巴结清扫术仍是70岁以上Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者首选的手术方式;T 1a 期患者行肺楔形切除可获得与肺叶切除相近的远期收益,同时肺组织损失较小,对肺功能差的高龄T 1a 期患者推荐行肺楔形切除术。     

IA期非小细胞肺癌肺叶切除术与亚肺叶切除术预后结局比较

目的:对比接受肺叶或亚肺叶切除术的IA期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者预后结局的差异,建立针对IA期NSCLC术后总生存率(overall survival,OS)的Nomogram预测模型.方法:对SEER数据库于2008～2016年期间记录的IA期NSCLC患者...     

全胸腔镜下肺叶切除术对非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的探讨全胸腔镜下肺叶切除术对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效。方法根据手术方式将103例NSCLC患者分为观察组(59例)与对照组(44例),观察组在全胸腔镜下行肺叶切除术,对照组在胸腔镜辅助小切口直视下行肺叶切除术,现回顾分析两组患者的临床资料。结果观察组术中出血量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者淋巴结清扫数目比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者术后并发症发生率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后止痛药物使用时间、术后引流管放置时间、术后住院时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论全胸腔镜下肺叶切除术与胸腔镜辅助小切口直视下肺叶切除术治疗NSCLC的疗效相当,但是前者创伤更小、术后恢复更快,是临床治疗NSCLC的理想术式。     

Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌治疗研究进展

肺癌是导致癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一,在所有恶性肿瘤中发病率和死亡率最高。其中,非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)占肺癌患者的80%以上。Ⅰ期NSCLC(ⅠA、ⅠB期)占NSCLC患者的15%～20%,手术切除是Ⅰ期NSCLC的主要治疗方案,但ⅠA、ⅠB期NSCLC患者术后5年总生存率(overall survival,OS)分别为仅83%和71%。对于无法耐受手术或不愿意接受手术的患者,放疗可能达到与手术切除术相同的治疗效果,目前也有许多新型的治疗方法出现,如消融、粒子放疗等。本文将对Ⅰ期NSCLC的治疗方法及其预后进行综述。     

全胸腔镜肺癌根治术在治疗高龄患者中的价值

目的探讨全胸腔镜肺叶切除及纵隔淋巴结清扫术在治疗高龄非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lungcancer,NSCLC)患者中的价值。方法 回顾分析225例接受该术式的NSCLC患者的临床资料,对比38例高龄(≥70岁)与随机抽取的57例非高龄(<70岁)患者的手术创伤、术后恢复、术后并发症及早期预后。结果 两组患者在手术创伤、术后恢复方面无差异;高龄组患者术后心血管并发症发生率高于非高龄组(23.7%vs 1.8%,P=0.001),其余并发症没有增多;术后生存分析两组无差异。结论 该术式治疗高龄NSCLC患者安全可行且疗效良好。     

Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌肺叶切除术及肺叶部分切除术术后生存的Meta分析

目的:通过对69篇文献数据进行Meta分析,讨论肺叶部分切除术是否适用于Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者。方法:使用互联网搜索Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者肺叶切除术、肺叶部分切除术、肺段切除术或肺楔状切除术之间相互比较进行生存分析的文献,从文献中提取危险比（HR）和其95%可信区间（CI）,使用StataMP 14进行Meta分析。结果:共收集69篇文献,发表日期从1980年至2016年 ,共有患者77 342例。肺叶部分切除术 vs 肺叶切除术中比较无瘤生存的文献共21篇,HR=1.008（95%CI:0.908~1.120,P=0.878）,I2=28.8%,P（发表偏倚）=0.353。肺段切除术 vs 肺叶切除术中比较主动部分切除总生存文献共10篇,HR=1.021（95%CI:0.841~1.239,P=0.833）,I2=0.0%,P（发表偏倚）=0.163。结论:通过Meta分析我们认为Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌主动肺叶部分切除术可以获得与肺叶切除术近似的疗效,特别是主动肺段切除术。进而我们认为肺叶部分切除术在部分Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者治疗中可以作为一种选择。     

早期非小细胞肺癌淋巴结转移规律与清扫方式研究进展

目前,肺癌已是全球范围内发病率及死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤,非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）约占肺癌80%。手术治疗在早期NSCLC治疗中占主导地位,而淋巴结分期及手术中清扫程度直接影响着患者术后生活质量及患者的预后。解剖性肺叶切除加系统性淋巴结清扫一直以来被认为是NSCLC的标准手术方式,但对早期NSCLC患者纵隔淋巴结清扫程度问题上一直存在较大争议,精确评估区域淋巴结的转移及淋巴结清扫的程度是影响患者围手术期并发症和预后的重要因素。对于早期肺癌行肺叶特异性或选择性淋巴结清扫已逐渐为国内外学者接受,并可能成为临床I期NSCLC患者标准淋巴结清扫方式。     

Carbon ion radiotherapy for elderly patients 80 years and older with stage I non-small cell lung cancer

Surgical resection is the standard treatment for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, elderly patients with NSCLC often suffer from other conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or cardiovascular disease, and are not suitable candidates for surgery. Different modalities to treat stage I NSCLC have been developed, such as stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT), proton beam radiotherapy and carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT). Between April 1999 and November 2003, we treated 129 patients with stage I NSCLC using CIRT. In this study, we focused on 28 patients aged 80 years and older who underwent CIRT, and analyzed the effectiveness of CIRT in treating their lung cancer and the impact on their activity of daily life (ADL). The 5-year local control rate for these patients was 95.8%, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 30.7%, but there were no patients who started home oxygen therapy or had decreased ADL. Our data demonstrate that CIRT was effective in treating elderly patients with stage I NSCLC.     

The surgical management of stage I and stage II lung cancer

There have been recent advances in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Surgical resection remains the cornerstone in the treatment of patients with stages I and II NSCLC. Anatomic lobectomy combined with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenectomy constitutes the oncologic basis of surgical resection. The surgical data favor video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy over open lobectomy and have established VATS lobectomy as a gold standard in the surgical resection of early-stage NSCLC. However, the role of sublobar pulmonary resection, either anatomic segmentectomy or nonanatomic wedge resection, in patients with subcentimeter nodules may become important.     

Indication and role of the video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for the primary lung cancer

With advances in diagnostic technology, small peripheral lung cancer can be readily detected. Currently, the technique of endoscopic-surgery has become available for the treatment, and also video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has proved useful for the treatment or diagnosis of early lung cancer. We report here our experience in surgical therapy with VATS and summarize recent reports which have focused on VATS for NSCLC. In the field of diagnosis, needle aspiration cytology or partial resection by VATS is available for small peripheral lesions. Either can play a significant role in staging for lung cancer or clarifying an unknown pleural effusion. VATS segmentectomy or partial resection with curability is applied to select cases. VATS lobectomy in NSCLC at clinical stage I could well be acceptable based on many recent reports and our result. This may be a valuable approach and a promising treatment for clinical stage II in the near future.     

早期非小细胞肺癌外科治疗进展

 外科手术是早期肺癌治疗的首选。肺癌的标准术式是肺叶切除加淋巴结清扫。但淋巴结清扫对肺癌的治疗作用尚存争议。近年来以胸腔镜为代表的微创胸外科技术在临床广泛开展,胸腔镜肺叶切除的安全性已得到认可,但用于肺癌的外科治疗是否能达到如同开胸手术一样的功效,尚未达成共识。医学影像技术进步使更多的早期肺癌得以被发现,对于直径小于2 cm的周围型肺癌,肺段切除或楔形切除能否取代肺叶切除成为此类型肺癌的标准手术方式,还有待新的证据出现。     

胸腔镜肺叶切除术与胸腔镜亚肺叶切除术治疗早期非小细胞肺癌的对比研究

目的:探究胸腔镜亚肺叶切除术在早期非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC）中的应用价值。方法:回顾性选取2014年1月至2018年7月于我院胸外科确诊并行胸腔镜手术治疗的247例早期NSCLC患者资料进行研究。根据手术方式不同将129例接受胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者设为肺叶切除组,将118例接受胸腔镜亚肺叶切除术患者设为亚肺叶切除组。采用统计软件SPSS 19.0录入分析数据,对比两组患者围手术期指标、肺功能指标、术后并发症及短期复发情况。结果:亚肺叶切除组患者年龄、术前合并症例数大于肺叶切除组（P＜0.05）。手术时间、术中出血、胸腔引流时间及术后卧床时间优于肺叶切除组（P＜0.05）,清扫淋巴结数目、术后住院时间及术后并发症方面两组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。术后两组患者FEV1%、MVV%、FVC%较术前相比显著降低（P＜0.05）,亚肺叶切除组FEV1%、MVV%、FVC%整体情况优于肺叶切除组（P＜0.05）。两组术后1年内均无复发、死亡病例出现。结论:胸腔镜下亚肺叶切除术创伤小、出血少、恢复快,对肺功能保留有重要意义,且对于高龄、术前合并基础病的早期NSCLC患者更具优势。     

Extent of lymph node resection does not increase perioperative morbidity and mortality after surgery for stage I lung cancer in the elderly

Background & objectives

Pathologic evaluation of >10 lymph nodes (LNs) is considered necessary for accurate lung cancer staging. However, physicians have concerns about increased risk in perioperative mortality (POM) and morbidity with more extensive LN sampling, particularly in the elderly. In this study, we compared the outcomes in elderly patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing extensive (>10 nodes) and limited (≤10 nodes) LN resections.

Methods

Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry linked to Medicare records, we identified 4975 patients ≥65 years of age with stage I NSCLC who underwent a lobectomy between 1992 and 2002. Risk of perioperative morbidity and POM after the evaluation of ≤10 vs. >10 LNs was compared among patients after adjusting for propensity scores.

Results

Multiple regression analysis showed similar POM between the two groups (OR, 1,01; 95% CI, 0,71–1,44). Other postoperative complications were similar across groups except for thromboembolic events, which were more common among patients undergoing resection of >10 LNs (OR, 1,72; 95% CI, 1,12–2,63).

Conclusions

These data suggest that evaluation of >10 LNs, which allows for more accurate staging, appears to be safe in the elderly patients undergoing lobectomy for stage I NSCLC without compromising postoperative recovery.     

Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌淋巴结清扫中胸腔镜手术的效果

目的探讨胸腔镜下Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）根治术中淋巴结清扫的效果。方法收集经胸腔镜手术治疗74例（胸腔镜组）及开胸手术治疗80例（开胸组）的Ⅰ期NSCLC患者的临床资料,比较分析2组淋巴结清扫数目的差异,同时比较2组术中出血量、术后胸腔引流量、声音嘶哑、心肺总并发症的差异。结果胸腔镜组在双侧N2淋巴结清扫的数量高于开胸组（P〈0．05）;2组双侧N1淋巴结清扫数量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;2组术中出血量、术后胸腔引流量、声音嘶哑发生率及心肺总并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论在Ⅰ期NSCLC根治术中,胸腔镜下系统性淋巴结清扫在技术上符合肿瘤外科原则,优于开胸手术。     

Intensity-modulated stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of medically inoperable patients with NSCLC stage I

The standard treatment for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is lobectomy. However, a considerable number of patients are not eligible for standard lung surgery due to poor pulmonary function or comorbidities. We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of intensity-modulated stereotactic radiotherapy (IMSRT) with moderate hypofractionation for these patients. Twelve patients were selected for IMSRT. 4D-CT planning was performed by gating CT-scanning positioning. The applied doses ranged between 10x4.5?Gy (80% ID) (N=1), 12x4.5?Gy (95% ID) (N=1) and 10x5.5?Gy (95% ID) (N=10). Long-term follow-up was performed including spirometry and CT for evaluation of local, locoregional and distant control. Even in patients with poor pulmonary function IMRST was safe and well tolerated. No severe acute adverse effects were observed. Estimated local control at 2?years was 90%. Moreover, IMSRT does not induce a significant deterioration of pulmonary function. IMRST is safe and feasible even for patients with very poor pulmonary function. The applied dose provides a high local control rate, although the biological equivalent dose (BED) is lower compared to the average of other SRT regimens. Therefore, IMRST may be an efficient alternative for all NSCLC stage I patients with contraindications to standard lobectomy especially in patients with small tumors in high-risk localisations.