上海市10所医院中心输液室护理人力资源配置研究

目的通过调查上海市各医院中心输液室护理工作量，计算该单元护理人力资源配置标准。方法采用文献回顾法、专家咨询法、现场凋查法进行研究。结果上海市各综合性医院中心输液室护理人力资源配置标准是病人数与护士数之比为1：0．08，专科医院病人数与护士数之比为1：0．15。结论建立适合中心输液室特点的护理人力资源配置标准，是满足输液病人服务需求的根本保障。     

上海市各医院中心输液室护理人力资源配置研究

输液室是门诊、急诊病人接受治疗的主要场所，是医院的窗口。合理的护理人力资源配置是保证输液室护理质量的基础。做到人尽其才，才尽其用，充分调动员工的积极性，使护理人员潜能发挥到最大限度提高护理工作效率有重要意义。现运用“动作时间测定法”对上海市10家医院输液室进行持续护理工作量测定，为期1周，根据护理人力测算公式，通过工时消耗量测算出护理人力需求的理论值，为医院合理配置和分配护理人力资源，提高护理工作效率提供理论依据。现介绍如下。     

基于排队论模型的门诊输液室护士配置研究

目的通过调查北京市某三级甲等综合医院门诊输液室的输液护士能接受的最大工作强度和患者能接受的最长等待时间,运用排队论模型对医院输液室的输液护士配置进行研究。方法运用问卷调查法、工时测量法和排队论模型,计算门诊输液室排队系统中的各项运行指标,结合输液护士能接受的最大工作强度和患者能接受的最长候诊时间等调查结果,得出合理的输液护士配置数量。结果医院门诊输液室输液护士能接受的最大工作强度为0.60~1.00(0.82±0.19)ρ,患者能接受的最长等候时间为2~60(13.28±9.31)min,门诊输液室工作日上下午分别配置3名和2名输液护士较为合理。结论利用排队论模型可以较好地优化门诊输液室人力资源配置,为提高服务效率提供科学的参考依据。     

综合医院急诊观察室护理工时及人力资源配置研究

目的通过调查上海市各医院急诊观察室护理人力资源配置现状，测定急诊观察室护理工作量，研究其护理人力资源实际需要配置方案。方法抽取上海市6所医院急诊观察室，采用自行设计的工时测定表，测定直接护理和间接护理工时，以及护理人力资源配置情况。结果6所医院急诊观察室护理人力资源实际配置床护比为1：0．3967。结论对急诊观察室护理人力资源配置研究要根据急诊科室任务进行，动态调整以满足需要。     

三甲医院普通病区护理人力资源配置量性研究

目的 调查广州市中心城区三甲医院普通病区护理工作量,计算普通病区护理人力资源配置的最低标准.方法 采用现场跟踪记录与观察的方式记录内科病区、外科病区、神经内科十二个病区护士护理工作量,分析其与护理人力资源最低配置的关系.结果 普通病区护理人力资源配置标准是内科病区病人数与护士人数比例为1:0.53,外科病区为1:0.51,神经内科病区为1:0.63.结论 护理人力资源配置是一个综合性强的管理项目,需根据本地区、本医院、本病区的实际进行调配,根据病区实际护理工作量制定合理的护理人力资源配置标准,进一步改善中心城区三甲医院病人数与护士人数配置比,以适应日益增长的人们需求和医院护理质量管理标准.     

三级甲等医院手术室护士工作量调查分析

目的：了解新疆三级甲等医院手术室护士的有效护理工时,为护理人力资源合理配置提供参考。方法：采用整群抽样法,按照护理项目操作时间调查表分别对新疆9所三级甲等医院手术室的护士进行1周的有效护理工时测定。结果：护士日人均有效护理工时为（345．75±180．27）min,直接护理工时为（201．96±159．49）min,间接护理工时为（143．79±83．91）min;不同医院手术室护士的日人均有效护理工时、直接和间接护理工时比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．001）。结论：各医院手术室护士的工作量差异较大,大型综合三甲医院护士工作量较大,而专科医院和地州医院护士工作量相对较小。护理管理者须根据各医院服务供给水平和护理服务时间即工作量情况来配置护理人力较为合适。     

上海市三级综合性医院护理人力资源配置模型研究

目的 建立三级综合性医院护理人力资源配置模型,为政府制定政策提供理论依据.方法 包括文献回顾、专家咨询、现况调查、护理项目工时测定及多元线性回归分析等.结果 对原有护理人员配置计算公式的"机动系数"进行研究,提出新的合理数值(O.079);计算出三级综合性医院整体实际配置床护比为1:0.62,医院整体标准配置床护比为1:0.67.结论 针对上海市护理人力资源缺乏现状,根据研究结果,合理配置三级综合医院护理人员.     

上海市二级综合医院护理人力资源配置模型研究

目的 通过研究建立二级综合医院护理人力资源配置模型,为上海市政府制定政策提供理论依据.方法 包括文献回顾、专家咨询、现况调查、护理项目工时测定及统计分析等.结果 对原有护理人员配置计算公式的"机动系数"进行研究,提出新的合理数值为0.079;计算出二级综合医院整体实际配置床护比为1:0.56,医院整体标准配置床护比为1:0.60.结论 可以根据研究结果,合理配置二级综合医院护理人员.     

37家“广州120”急救网络医院急诊科护理人力资源配置现状调查

目的:了解"广州120"急救网络医院急诊护理岗位设置与护理人力资源配置现状,为急诊护理人力资源配置标准提出合理的理论依据。方法:通过发放调查表方式对"广州120"急救网络的37家二、三级综合医院进行急诊护理岗位设置与护理人力资源配置现状调查并将调查所得数据进行统计学分析。结果:37家医院的急诊护理人力资源配置未达到标准;护士的结构以30岁以下、大专学历、初级以下职称居多;三级综合医院的就诊人次、抢救人次、观察人次均明显高于二级综合医院(P0.05)。结论:急诊护理人力资源应结合日急诊工作总量按岗位来配置;急诊护理队伍趋于年轻化、学历层次偏低、职称结构不合理等现状突出,应引起护理管理者的重视,加大对急诊专科护理人才的选拔和培养。     

病房护理工作量调查与护理人力配置

目的 进行科学合理的病房护理工作量调查及测算，了解全院各科的护理工作量，为全院护理人力合理配置提供依据。方法 采用自行设计的护理工时统计表，对10个临床科室的护理工作量进行调查并分析。结果 不同病房护理总工时数不同，病房间接护理时数大于直接护理时数，间接护理平均工时中，费时较多的项目是输液准备，电脑记账。结论 建议按病房实际工作量配备护理人力；通过加强后勤支持系统，建立静脉输液配置中心，按职称上岗，减少护士间接护理时间。提高护理人力资源利用率。     

Visiting rights only: the diplomas in nursing in the UK in the interwar period

The aim of this article is to explore the institution and organisation of the diplomas in nursing at the universities of Leeds and London, which were established in 1921 and 1926, respectively. It will be argued that the success of these courses for the individuals who undertook them, and the profession as a whole was ultimately limited. It is accepted that the purpose of the diplomas was at least in part for the nursing elite to maintain their grip on the leadership. Nevertheless, the institution of the courses, when few women in general attended university, identifies a 'radicalness' within the profession, which has rarely been considered. Moreover, that there was a body of nurses capable of university level education challenges previous assumptions.     

Pitfalls in the Care of the Psychiatric Patient in the Emergency Department

Background

Care of the psychiatric patient in the Emergency Department (ED) is evolving. As with other disease states, there are a number of pitfalls that complicate the care of the psychiatric patient.

Objective

The purpose of this article is to update Emergency Physicians concerning the pitfalls in caring for the psychiatric patient, and possible solutions to deal with these pitfalls.

Discussion

The article will address the burden of the psychiatric patient, staff attitudes, medical clearance process, treatment of the agitated patient, suicidal patients, and admission decisions.

Conclusions

Alternative care resources, collaboration with Psychiatry, staff education, improvement in the medical clearance process, proper use of restraint and seclusion, and appropriate choice of medication for agitated patients can help avoid some of the top pitfalls in the care of the psychiatric patient in the ED.     

Changes in the parameters of the rhythms of the electrolyte-excreting function of the kidneys in women in relation to the seasons of the year

The characteristics (period, mesor, amplitude) of the rhythms of urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus were examined in normal women during various seasons. The urine was collected for 5 days with 4-hour intervals. The rhythms were detected and their parameters established with the use of mathematical methods for the assessment of the tested curve fragments repetitions and by the least squares nonlinear method. The rhythms of renal urinary and electrolyte excretion were found very smooth, particularly so in the fall and winter. The circadian rhythms have been found the most stable during all the seasons. Examinations of individual electrolyte excretion have shown that Na and K excretion is more stable all the year round and therefore this parameter is the most informative for the detection of disorders in renal electrolyte excretion.     

Choosing the choices in the USA: examples in the maternity area

The concept of choice has featured prominently in both the recent united Kingdom (UK) health care reforms and in the debate relating to the care of childbearing women. An invitation to the USA facilitated contemplation of the health care system on which the recent UK reforms have been modeled. The impact of the health system on mother's choices was a source of particular interest. The implications for midwives, their practice and their relationships with their clients and colleagues emerge clearly. It may be that the United States' model of health care does not answer the needs of the UK.     

Change in the drug-metabolizing function of the liver in patients in the postoperative period in relation to the type of anesthesia]

Anesthesia-dependent changes in pharmaco-metabolic liver function have been studied in patients operated on for cosmetic facial defects. It has been established that the postoperative period in patients subjected intraoperatively to general combined anesthesia and controlled lung ventilation was characterized by inhibited drug metabolism in the liver, which required correction of the drug doses to reduce the risk of side and toxic effects of pharmacotherapy. Patients operated on under local procaine anesthesia had no considerable changes in pharmaco-metabolic liver function in the postoperative period.