应用超声乳化自动注吸系统行硅油取出的临床观察和研究

目的 探讨应用超声乳化自动抽吸系统进行硅油取出手术的临床效果和安全性.方法 回顾性分析122例(125眼)应用超声乳化自动抽吸系统行硅油取出术患者的临床资料,对手术时间、术中及术后并发症如眼压、脉络膜上腔出血、视网膜脱离复发、角膜病变等进行观察并记录.结果 所有研究对象均一次完成硅油取出,平均用时18 min.术前12眼继发青光眼者硅油取出术后眼压恢复正常.11眼术后早期眼压低于10 mmHg(1 kPa=7.5 mmHg),低眼压发生率为8.8%,给予相应药物治疗后眼压恢复正常.硅油取出术后早期和随访期间,125眼中共有10眼发生视网膜脱离(术后2-7 d 6眼,术后0.5-3个月3眼.5个月1眼).5眼硅油致带状角膜病变者术后角膜混浊情况均不同程度改善.结论 应用超声乳化自动注吸系统行硅油取出是一种安全、有效的方法,具有临床可行性,值得推广.     

硅油取出联合白内障超声乳化术的临床探讨

目的 评估通过透明角膜切口完成白内障超声乳化及折叠式人工晶体植入联合经瞳孔前路硅油取出改良术的安全性及有效性。方法 对57例硅油充填眼完成白内障超声乳化后经瞳孔前路硅油取出联合折叠式人工晶体植入。结果 术后未发生明显角膜并发症,89.4%的病人（51例）未发生视网膜再脱离,复发性视网膜脱离6例（11.6%）,再次手术后成功复位。41例患者的术后视力改善。结论 白内障超声乳化及折叠式人工晶体植入联合硅油奴出改良术安全有效,可以最大限度地减少手术损伤。     

硅油取出术31例

３１例（３２只眼）行硅油取出术，其取出时间平均为硅油注入术后１３．９个月。取出原因主要为白内障形成、青光眼、硅油乳化等，其中６只眼为视网膜复位稳定无并发症者。硅油取出后，２４只眼视膜在位；２４只眼视力≥０．０２；８只眼发生术后并发症，其中７只眼为复发性视网膜脱离，对硅油取出术的意义和时机进行了讨论。     

标准三通道下硅油抽吸术的临床应用

目的 探讨在标准三通道下行硅油抽吸术的安全性及有效性.方法 48例48眼采用标准三通道下硅油抽吸术,观察术前硅油乳化情况、术中裂孔检出率、术后视网膜复位情况及术后最佳矫正视力.结果 术前硅油乳化18眼.术中检查出新裂孔8眼.末次随访时最佳矫正视力0.02～ ＜1.00者38眼.术中一次性顺利取出硅油43眼.末次随访时43眼硅油取出眼中,39眼视网膜复位良好,4眼于硅油取出术后3周～2个月视网膜脱离复发.结论 标准三通道下硅油抽吸术能详细检查眼底情况,及时处理硅油眼内视网膜病变,降低视网膜脱离的复发率,是安全有效的方法.     

DR硅油填充后并发白内障行超声乳化联合硅油取出

目的：探讨糖尿病视网膜病变硅油填充后并发白内障的超声乳化及人工晶状体（IOL）植入联合硅油取出术的临床疗效。 方法：糖尿病视网膜病变患者22例22眼硅油填充后并发白内障行超声乳化及IOL植入联合硅油取出术,均通过角膜透明切口植入软性IOL。 结果：患者19眼视力均在白内障超声乳化手术后视力较术前提高,其中0.1以上者13例,3例同术前视力;手术中后囊膜保持完整,均顺利植入软性可折叠IOL;5例术后不同程度发生角膜水肿,均在术后3~7d内消退。22例硅油均顺利取出。3例术后1mo内发现玻璃体腔积血,其中2例约4wk内玻璃体腔积血自行吸收,1例再行玻璃体手术去除积血联合眼内光凝。22例术后均未发现视网膜再脱离。 结论：糖尿病视网膜病变硅油填充眼并发性白内障的超声乳化IOL植入术联合硅油取出手术效果满意,可减少患者多次手术的痛苦。     

硅油填充术后并发性白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合硅油取出的临床观察

目的:观察硅油填充术后并发性白内障行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合硅油取出的治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析了40例(41只眼)硅油填充术后并发白内障行超声乳化联合硅油取出及人工晶状体植入的病例资料,并随访5~18个月,分析其视力恢复情况及术中、术后并发症。结果:除3例因硅油取出术后视网膜脱离外,其余患者均有不同程度的视力增加。术中主要并发症为后囊膜破裂,术后的主要并发症为视网膜脱离。结论:硅油填充术后并发性白内障行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合硅油取出术是一种安全有效的方法。     

经透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化联合硅油取出方法的探讨

目的探讨经透明角膜切口进行晶状体超声乳化联合硅油取出人工晶状体（IOL）植入手术方法。方法回顾分析36例（36眼）实行透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化、鼻下睫状体平坦部放置灌注、撕开后囊、自超声乳化的角膜切口取出硅油、IOL植入手术的临床资料。结果全部病例顺利实施晶状体超声乳化、硅油取出,其中30例IOL植入于囊袋内,6例植入于睫状沟,未发生视网膜脱离或硅油残留等并发症。结论上述手术方法手术时间短,术后反应轻,并发症少。     

视网膜脱离硅油填充取出后疗效的分析

目的　探讨硅油取出的时机、方法及硅油取出能否防止并发症。方法　分析20 例由于严重并发症的出现而施行硅油取出术的病人,平均取出时间为14.7 月。结果　20 只眼取硅油。2 眼为注硅油后视网膜脱离复发,取硅油后1 眼再施视网膜脱离复位术后视网膜平复,1 眼未再手术。2 眼硅油取出后发生视网膜脱离,余16 眼取硅油后视网膜仍在位。结论　硅油取出是治疗硅油注入术后并发症的有效措施,但视网膜脱离术后不宜早期取出全部硅油。视网膜裂孔和增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)的完善处理及术后不要早期取硅油是降低视网膜脱离复发的关键。硅油取出时机为稳定的视网膜复位后或出现硅油注入并发症时     

急性视网膜坏死综合征硅油填充术后硅油取出时机选择

目的观察急性视网膜坏死综合征(ARN)行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术后硅油充填期间及硅油取出术后并发症,进而探讨硅油取出的适宜时机。方法对连续就诊的伴有视网膜脱离的48例(48只眼)ARN患者实施玻璃体切除视网膜复位联合硅油填充术,对于确认视网膜已经复位,没有活动性的增生病变及视网膜裂孔,并在视网膜变性区域补充激光光凝的所有患者经不同时长的硅油填充期后实施硅油取出术,回顾分析其硅油填充期间及硅油取出术后并发症如视网膜脱离、并发性白内障、继发性青光眼、角膜变性等的发生情况。结果硅油填充术后视力总体上较术前有明显提高;硅油填充时间为3~15个月,平均5.8个月。取出硅油之后,总体视力无明显改变;8例于取硅油术后随访期内发生视网膜再脱离;1例角膜变性的病例,在硅油取出之后无明显改变;5例并发性白内障取油时实施超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术;6例发生脉络膜脱离经药物治疗后痊愈;24例在硅油取出之后晶状体混浊程度较硅油取出术前无明显改变;3例无晶状体眼患者取油术后裸眼视力下降,但最佳矫正视力同硅油取出术前。结论硅油填充及硅油取出术的并发症主要为视网膜再脱离、脉络膜脱离、并发性白内障、继发性青光眼、硅油乳化、角膜变性、低眼压等。对于ARN而言,硅油填充时限4~6月时取油术后视网膜再脱离的发生率较低,取油较为适宜。     

超声乳化联合经后囊硅油取出及人工晶状体植入术

目的 探讨超声乳化联合经后囊硅油取出和人工晶状体植入术治疗硅油填充眼白内障的效果.方法 超声乳化联合经后囊硅油取出和人工晶状体植入术治疗硅油眼合并白内障96例（96眼）.超声乳化吸出术后行后囊环形撕囊,经上方角膜缘切口进入后囊撕囊口取出硅油,植入人工晶状体.结果 术后随访3～6月,所有患者裸眼及矫正视力均较术前提高,人工晶状体居中.3例早期角膜水肿,3～5 d消失,2例视网膜再脱离行再次视网膜复位手术;5例高眼压联合用药后控制正常.结论 对硅油填充眼白内障,行超声乳化联合经后囊硅油取出和人工晶状体植入术,可减少手术次数,并降低手术风险.     

Vitrectomy and fluid/silicone-oil exchange for giant retinal tears: results at six months.

The results of vitrectomy combined with fluid/silicone-oil exchange in 73 eyes with giant retinal tears are reported at six months after surgery. Initial anatomical success was achieved in 71 out of 73 eyes (97%) and, prior to removal of silicone-oil, in 66 out of 73 eyes (90%). In 63 eyes (86%) the retina remained attached six months after surgery. Of these visual acuity was 6/60 or better in 44 (70%). The high proportion of eyes with macular detachment before surgery and the frequency of macular abnormalities are thought to account for reduced vision in many of the anatomically successful cases.     

Vitrectomy and fluid/silicone-oil exchange for giant retinal tears: results at 18 months

Sixty-five eyes with giant retinal tears previously reviewed at 6 months after vitrectomy and fluid/silicone-oil exchange were again reviewed 18 months after surgery. The retina remained attached in 54 eyes (83%), and of these 32 (57%) had visual acuities of 6/60 or better. Poor acuities were attributed in most cases to cataract associated with silicone-oil contact or macular damage from preoperative macular detachment. Glaucoma occurred chiefly in those eyes which were aphakic prior to surgery, or were rendered aphakic at surgery, but did not influence the visual outcome at this stage. Encouraging results of surgery after 6 months were confirmed after 18 months, although the level of vision had fallen in some cases due to the development of lens opacities.Presented at the 1984 meeting of the Club Jules Gonin in Lausanne, Switzerland     

Densiron 68 heavy silicone oil in the management of inferior retinal detachment recurrence: analysis on functional and anatomical outcomes and complications

AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of a heavy silicone oil (Densiron 68) in the management of inferior retinal detachment recurrence. METHODS: A retrospective non-comparative consecutive case series study. Forty-nine cases of complex inferior retinal detachment were treated using Densiron 68 heavy silicone oil (HSO) as the endotamponade. Our main purpose was anatomic reattachment following Densiron 68 removal. Functional outcomes, rate of recurrences, the presence of inflammatory complications and intraocular pressure alterations were evaluated. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients affected by complex retinal re-detachment were recruited. The mean follow-up was 7.6 (±1.5) mo. The mean best corrected visual acuity after Densiron 68 removal was 0.95 logMAR, standard error (SE: 0.068). Retinal reattachment was 61.2% after first surgery and 81.6% after second surgery. Nineteen cases (38.8%) had recurrences when intraocular heavy silicon oil was in situ, 26.3% (5 cases) of which involved the inferior retina. CONCLUSION: Densiron 68 ef?ciently fills the inferior retinal periphery and might lower the risk of inferior proliferative vitreoretinopathy development, in particular after a standard silicon oil tamponade that reduces the proliferative process in the upper quadrants of the retina.     

Vitreous surgery with trypan blue staining of membranes in PVR retinal detachment surgery

BACKGROUND: In our clinic we used trypan blue staining routinely for removal of internal limiting membranes (ILM) and epiretinal membranes (ERM) during vitreoretinal surgery for PVR retinal detachment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We treated 27 eyes of 27 patients with severe PVR retinal detachment with vitreoretinal surgery. After complete vitrectomy and removal of epiretinal membranes we injected 0.15 % trypan blue solution and proceeded with further removal of the visualized remaining epiretinal membranes and ILM. We performed relaxing retinotomies in 14 eyes. Follow-up lasted six months. RESULTS: After the first surgery the retina was reattached in 24 of 27 eyes and after the second surgery in all eyes. The final visual acuity was: hand movements in 3 eyes, 1/50 or better in 24 eyes (eight of them had a visual acuity of 0.1 - 0.5). No case of macular pucker was observed during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Trypan blue staining during vitreoretinal surgery in PVR retinal detachment therapy allows complete removal of ILM, ERM, and peripheral vitreous. It upgrades the quality of the surgery.     

Management of neovascular glaucoma related to the persistence after retinal detachment surgery of a circumferential peripheral retinal detachment

OBSERVATION: A 41-year-old male with a medical history of high myopia and several retinal detachment (RD) surgeries was referred for vitreous hemorrhage coexisting with neovascular glaucoma occurring 2 months after uncomplicated silicone oil removal on his left and single eye. The right eye had been lost to RD. The retina behind the equator was reattached on ultrasonography. We performed a washout pars plana vitrectomy on the left eye, revealing a chronic circumferential RD of the anterior retina stopped in its posterior spread by dense photocoagulation scars. We combined a retinectomy of the detached retina with an intracamerular injection of bevacizumab, resulting in complete disappearance of rubeosis and normalization of the intraocular pressure. CONCLUSIONS: The retinal ischemia related to the persistence of a chronic and circumferential RD anterior to dense photocoagulation scars after ab-interno RD surgery, whereas the rest of the retina appears reattached, is probably the causative factor of neovascular glaucoma. In the present case, the removal of RD by circumferential retinectomy combined with an intraocular injection of anti-VEGF allowed the complete and definitive regression of neovascular glaucoma.     

Vitreoretinal surgery for a subretinal hydatid cyst

PURPOSE: To report the vitreoretinal surgery for management of a subretinal hydatid cyst. METHODS: Conventional pars plana vitrectomy was performed for the removal of a subretinal hydatid cyst and treatment of retinal detachment in the right eye (RE) of a 34-year-old woman. The cyst content was aspirated by a flute needle after retinotomy and cystotomy. The cyst wall was separated from overlying retina and removed. The retina was attached by liquid perfluorocarbon and silicone oil. Postoperatively, the patient was followed for 15 months. RESULTS: After vitreoretinal surgery, the retina RE was attached and recurrence of hydatid disease was not seen in vitreous cavity or subretinal space during the follow-up period. Visual acuity increased from counting fingers to 20/63 at the end of the follow-up time. CONCLUSION: A subretinal hydatid cyst that causes retinal detachment may be treated effectively with vitreoretinal surgery.     

Macular edema and visual loss after macular pucker surgery with ICG-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling

PURPOSE: To describe the occurrence of massive macular edema and visual loss after indocyanine green-assisted (ICG) macular pucker surgery. METHODS/RESULTS: A 74 years old female presented with a macular pucker and a hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in her left eye. The preoperative visual acuity (VA) was 20/100. Surgery consisted of cataract extraction, lens implantation and standard pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of epiretinal tissue followed by the removal of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) remnants stained using a 0.05% ICG solution. One day after surgery, VA was counting fingers. There was an extensive macular edema and retinal thickening with hyperfluorescence during fluorescein angiography and pronounced autofluorescence using ICG filters. During follow up, the macular edema resolved completely, but VA decreased to 20/800 at six months postoperatively. There was a central scotoma and unstable fixation seen during microperimetry. DISCUSSION: This case report indicates that ICG might come into contact with bare retina if injected following removal of epiretinal membranes. Whether the observed RPE hypertrophy might have contributed to the pathogenesis of the adverse effect described remains hypothetical.     

Full Thickness Macular Hole Closure after Exchanging Silicone-Oil Tamponade with C(3)F(8) without Posturing

Purpose

To report a case of macular hole closure after the exchange of a silicone-oil tamponade with gas C₃F₈ 14%.

Method

A 64-year-old female patient with a stage IV macular hole underwent a three-port pars-plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling. Due to the patient''s chronic illness (respiratory problems), a silicone-oil tamponade was preferred. However, the macula hole was still flat opened four months postoperatively. Therefore, the patient underwent an exchange of silicone oil with gas C₃F₈ 14%. No face-down position was advised postoperatively due to her health problems.

Results

Macular hole closure was confirmed with optical coherence tomography six weeks after exchanging the silicone oil with gas.

Conclusions

Macular hole surgery using a silicone-oil tamponade has been proposed as treatment of choice for patients unable to posture. In our case, the use of a long-acting gas (C₃F₈ 14%), even without posturing, proved to be more effective.Key Words: Internal limiting membrane peeling, Long-acting gas, Idiopathic macular hole, Vitrectomy, Silicone-oil tamponade     

Silicone oil emulsification of the retinal surface

A 35-year-old patient with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis secondary to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) underwent pars plana vitrectomy and fluid-gas-silicone exchange for retinal detachment. Three weeks following surgery and additional laser photocoagulation, extensive retinal surface emulsification was noted. It masked the retinal surface and demonstrated shifting in subsequent examinations. This case stresses the importance of careful and close follow-up after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection. Silicone oil emulsification may in some cases require removal of the emulsified fluid or silicone oil exchange, but in others such as our case, shifting of the emulsified silicone oil may allow evaluation of the nonobscured retina.     

Vitreous hemorrhage following phakic anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in severe myopia

PURPOSE: To describe two cases of vitreous hemorrhage following phakic anterior chamber lens (AC-IOL) implantation in high myopia. CASE REPORT: In case 1, hemorrhage developed one month after surgery, without retinal involvement, and visual acuity (VA) resulted 20/200 after pars-plana vitrectomy (PPV). In Case 2, vitreous hemorrhage was complicated by retinal detachment (RD). PPV and silicone oil injection were performed, with AC-IOL removal and cristalline lens extraction. After 2 years the retina was attached and VA was 20/80. DISCUSSION: Only few cases of RD, posterior uveitis and endophthalmitis are reported following phakic AC-IOL implant. Vitreous hemorrhage could represent an additional posterior segment complication. Intraoperative manoeuvres, hypotony-induced posterior vitreous detachment and/or peripheral retina traction could play a role in engendering this complication in highly myopic eyes.