术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

术中三维C型臂实时透视导航辅助颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入

目的 探讨术中三维C型臂实时透视导航在颈椎椎弓根螺钉植入手术中的应用.方法 在导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉固定术22例,其中颈椎骨折9例,颈椎肿瘤4例,颈椎滑脱失稳6例,颈椎病3例.术后进行CT扫描,评估螺钉位置.结果 导航下22例共植入112枚颈椎椎弓根螺钉.术后CT椎弓根位置扫描:A级,107枚(95.5%);B级,3枚;C级,1枚;D级,1枚.术后临床无脊髓、神经和椎动脉损伤.结论 术中三维C型臂实时透视导航系统可以准确引导颈椎椎弓根螺钉的植入.     

C臂机导航下经皮椎弓根钉内固定联合对侧微创TLIF治疗腰椎管狭窄症

目的 探讨导航辅助下经皮椎弓根钉内固定,联合对侧微创经椎间孔椎体间融合术(Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion,TLIF),治疗腰椎管狭窄症的临床应用.方法 2010年6月至2012年6月,对47例腰椎管狭窄症患者行导航下经皮椎弓根钉内固定,联合对侧微创TLIF术治疗,观察手术时间、出血量以及手术前后的VAS和ODI评分,并将经皮钉侧和开放置钉侧进行配伍对照比较.结果 平均出血量为(420±45) mL;术前VAS评分为(6.85±1.03),术后1月VAS评分为(1.88±0.79);术前ODI评分为(31.6±3.05),术后1月ODI评分为(43.1±3.23).配伍对照研究结果显示,经皮钉组A级101枚、B级9枚、C级2枚,开放置钉组A级86枚、B级21枚、C级4枚、D级1枚.经皮钉组平均置钉时间为(11.25±4.33) min,透视次数为(2.73±0.42)次,开放置钉组平均置钉时间为(15.43±5.65) min,透视次数为(4.12±0.85)次.差异均有统计学意义.结论 导航辅助下经皮椎弓根钉内固定,联合对侧微创TLIF治疗腰椎管狭窄症疗,效果显著,导航辅助下经皮钉组置钉术的准确度优于开放置钉组,透视次数和置钉时间均少于开放组.     

Iso-C 3D导航系统下椎弓根钉内固定治疗颈椎骨折脱位

[目的]探讨在Iso-C 3D导航系统下行椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗颈椎骨折、脱位的临床意义。[方法]在Iso-C 3D导航系统下,应用椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗颈椎骨折、脱位共31例,观察临床疗效及置钉的准确性。[结果]本组31例中,共置入136枚椎弓根螺钉。术后X线片显示,颈椎骨折脱位复位均满意,颈椎生理曲度恢复良好。术后CT显示,136枚椎弓根螺钉中,有6枚螺钉穿破椎弓根,穿透皮质率4.4%,但均未造成脊髓、神经、血管压迫等。经随访,X线显示所有病例融合区均骨性愈合,无1例出现断钉及内置物松动现象。合并脊髓损伤的患者,术后神经功能均有不同程度的恢复。[结论]椎弓根螺钉技术稳定性良好,具有优越的生物力学性能,为颈椎骨折脱位行后路内固定提供了一种安全有效的方法,在Iso-C 3D导航下行颈椎椎弓根螺钉内固定手术,能显著提高椎弓根螺钉置入的准确性和安全性。     

Surgical safety of cervical pedicle screw placement with computer navigation system

Cervical pedicle screw (CPS) may be the biomechanically best system for posterior cervical segmental fixation, but may carry a surgery-related risk. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of CPS placement using computer navigation system for posterior cervical instrumented fixation and discuss its complication avoidance and management. Posterior cervical instrumented fixation using CPS was performed in a total of 128 patients during the period between 2007 and 2015. Intraoperative image guidance was achieved using a preoperative 3D CT-based or an intraoperative 3D CT-based navigation system. A total of 762 CPSs were placed in the spine level of C2 to Th3. The radiological accuracy of CPS placement was evaluated using postoperative CT. Accuracy of CPS placement using a preoperative 3D CT-based navigation system was 93.6 % (423 of 452 screws) in grade 0; the screw was completely contained in the pedicle, and accuracy of CPS placement using an intraoperative 3D CT-based navigation system was a little bit improved to 97.1 % (301 of 310 screws) in grade 0. CPS misplacement (more than half of screw) was 3.3 % (15 of 452 screws) using a preoperative 3D CT-based navigation system, and CPS misplacement (more than half of screw) was 0.6 % (2 of 310 screws) using an intraoperative 3D CT-based navigation system. In total, 38 screws (5.0 %) were found to perforate the cortex of pedicle, although any neural or vascular complications closely associated with CPS placement were not encountered. Twenty nine of 38 screws (76.3 %) were found to perforate laterally, and seven screws (18.4 %) were found to perforate medially. Image-guided CPS placement has been an important advancement to secure the safe surgery, although the use of CPS placement needs to be carefully determined based on the individual pathology.     

IsoC-3D计算机导航结合Mast Quadrant通道管微创治疗腰椎退行性疾病

目的:探讨IsoC-3D计算机导航下结合MastQuadrant通道管微创减压、椎间融合、经皮椎弓根钉内固定治疗腰椎退行性病的疗效。方法:2009年1月至2010年2月,采用IsoC-3D计算机导航下经皮椎弓根内内固定结合MastQuadrant通道管下椎管减压、椎间融合术治疗腰椎退行性疾病患者21例,男12例,女9例;年龄36～72岁,平均50.2岁。临床疗效采用Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestrydisabilityindex,ODI)评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(Visualana-logscale,VAS)及患者满意度进行评定。结果:18例(85.7%)患者得到随访,随访时间6～18个月,平均10个月。无手术相关的并发症。ODI评分术前(49.6±12.2)分,末次随访时为(17.2±9.2)分,与术前比较明显下降(P<0.01)。腿痛VAS评分术前(75.2±10.0)分,末次随访时下降至(12.2±11.8)分(P<0.01)。腰痛VAS评分从术前(59.9±17.3)分下降至末次随访时(16.6±11.5)分(P<0.01)。16例患者对手术效果感到满意。结论:作为一种新型微创术式,MastQuadrant通道管在显微镜及目视下进行椎管减压、椎间融合,同时结合三维导航系统技术快速辅助下行经皮椎弓根钉内固定,临床疗效良好,具有组织损伤轻、出血少、住院时间短的优点。     

Pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine: a randomized comparison study of computer-assisted navigation and conventional techniques

Objective： To evaluate the accuracy of computer-assisted pedicle screw installation and its clinical benefit as compared with conventional pedicle screw installation techniques.
Methods： Total 176 thoracic pedicle screws placed in 42 thoracic fracture patients were involved in the study randomly, 20 patients under conventional fluoroscopic control （84 screws） and 22 patients had screw insertion under three dimensional （3D） computer-assisted navigation （92 screws）. The 2 groups were compared for accuracy of screw placement, time for screw insertion by postoperative thincut CT scans and statistical analysis by χ^2 test. The cortical perforations were then graded by 2-mm increments： Grade Ⅰ （good, no cortical perforation）, Grade Ⅱ （screw outside the pedicle 〈2 mm）, Grade Ⅲ （screw outside the pedicle 〉2 mm）.
Results： In computer assisted group, 88 （95.65%） were Grade Ⅰ （good）, 4 （4.35%） were Grade Ⅱ （〈2mm）, no Grade Ⅲ （〉2 mm） violations. In conventional group, there were 14 cortical violations （16.67%）, 70 （83.33%） were Grade Ⅰ （good）, Ⅱ （13.1%） were Grade Ⅱ （〈2 mm）, and 3 （3,57%） were Grade Ⅲ （〉2 mm） violations （P〈0.001）. The number （19.57%） of upper thoracic pedicle screws （ T1-T4 ） inserted under 3D computer-assisted navigation was significantly higher than that （3.57%） by conventional fluoroscopic control （P〈0.001）. Average screw insertion time in conventional group was （4.56 ±1.03） min and （2.54 ± 0.63） min in computer assisted group （P〈0.001）. In the conventional group, one patient had pleura injury and one had a minor dura violation.
Conclusions： This study provides further evidence that 3D computer-assisted navigation placement ofpedicle screws can increase accuracy, reduce surgical time, and be performed safely and effectively at all levels of the thoracic spine, particularly upper thoracic spine.     

CT-navigation versus fluoroscopy-guided placement of pedicle screws at the thoracolumbar spine: single center experience of 4,500 screws

Purpose

Single center evaluation of the placement accuracy of thoracolumbar pedicle screws implanted either with fluoroscopy or under CT-navigation using 3D-reconstruction and intraoperative computed tomography control of the screw position. There is in fact a huge variation in the reported placement accuracy of pedicle screws, especially concerning the screw placement under conventional fluoroscopy most notably due to the lack of the definition of screw misplacement, combined with a potpourri of postinstrumentation evaluation methods.

Methods

The operation data of 1,006 patients operated on in our clinic between 1995 and 2005 is analyzed retrospectively. There were 2,422 screws placed with the help of CT-navigation compared to 2,002 screws placed under fluoroscopy. The postoperative computed tomography images were reviewed by a radiologist and an independent spine surgeon.

Results

In the lumbar spine, the placement accuracy was 96.4 % for CT-navigated screws and 93.9 % for pedicle screws placed under fluoroscopy, respectively. This difference in accuracy was statistically significant (Fishers Exact Test, p = 0.001). The difference in accuracy became more impressing in the thoracic spine, with a placement accuracy of 95.5 % in the CT-navigation group, compared to 79.0 % accuracy in the fluoroscopy group (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

This study underlines the relevance of CT-navigation-guided pedicle screw placement, especially when instrumentation of the middle and upper thoracic spine is carried out.     

O-arm计算机导航辅助脊柱椎弓根螺钉置入的准确性

[目的]分析O-arm计算机辅助导航技术在脊柱椎弓根螺钉置入的准确性。[方法]回顾性分析2017年1月~2018年9月本院椎弓根螺钉置入患者575例,根据椎弓根螺钉置入方式不同,分为两组。导航组采用O-arm计算机辅助导航技术系统置入椎弓根螺钉233例,传统组采用传统徒手法置入椎弓根螺钉342例。行CT检查,依据Neo分型评估置钉准确性。[结果]导航组共置入1459枚椎弓根螺钉,其中C1~7置入222枚,T1~12置入535枚,L1~5置入652枚,S1置入50枚。每名患者置钉数量1~24枚,平均(6.26±3.77)枚。传统组共置入1724枚椎弓根螺钉,其中C1~7置入269枚,T1~12置入601枚,L1~5置入785枚,S1置入87枚。每名患者置钉数量1~20枚,平均(5.67±4.11)枚。导航组全部病例顺利完成手术,术中无血管、神经损伤等并发症,置钉安全率为100%,传统组有4例发生血管、神经损伤等并发症。所有患者术后进行12~24个月随访,随访过程均未发生不良事件。依据CT影像Neo分级标准,导航0型及1型椎弓根螺钉的成功置入率达98.01%,而传统组0型及1型椎弓根螺钉的成功置入率91.85%;两组间置入螺钉准确性的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]与传统C臂X线机等徒手置钉方式相比,O-arm计算机辅助导航技术可提高脊柱椎弓根螺钉置入准确性,同时降低神经、血管等并发症的发生。     

徒手技术与导板辅助下置入腰椎皮质骨通道螺钉的比较

目的 比较徒手技术与3D打印导板技术在腰椎置入皮质骨通道螺钉的安全性和准确率.方法 选择9例病人的腰椎CT数据,利用计算机软件建立腰椎三维模型并基于皮质骨钉道设计置钉导板.采用3D打印机每例分别打印出2套腰椎模型和1套置钉导板.由3位不同经验操作者随机选取3例,分别采用徒手置钉和导板辅助置钉.术后行X线片检查,根据螺钉...     

Augmented reality in minimally invasive spine surgery: early efficiency and complications of percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation

BACKGROUND CONTEXTAugmented reality (AR) employs an optical projection directly onto the user's retina, allowing complex image overlay on the natural visual field. In general, pedicle screw accuracy rates have improved with increasingly use of technology, with navigation-based instrumentation described as accurate in 89%–100% of cases. Emerging AR technology in spine surgery builds upon current spinal navigation to provide 3-dimensional imaging of the spine and powerfully reduce the impact of inherent ergonomic and efficiency difficulties.PURPOSEThis publication describes the first known series of in vivo pedicle screws placed percutaneously using AR technology for MIS applications.STUDY DESIGN / SETTINGAfter IRB approval, 3 senior surgeons at 2 institutions contributed cases from June, 2020 – March, 2022. 164 total MIS cases in which AR used for placement of percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation with spinal navigation were identified prospectively.PATIENT SAMPLE155 (94.5%) were performed for degenerative pathology, 6 (3.6%) for tumor and 3 (1.8%) for spinal deformity.  These cases amounted to a total of 606 pedicle screws; 590 (97.3%) were placed in the lumbar spine, with 16 (2.7%) thoracic screws placed.OUTCOME MEASURESPatient demographics and surgical metrics including total posterior construct time (defined as time elapsed from preincision instrument registration to final screw placement), clinical complications and instrumentation revision rates were recorded in a secure and de-identified database.METHODSThe AR system used features a wireless headset with transparent near-eye display which projects intra-operative 3D imaging directly onto the surgeon's retina. After patient positioning, 1 percuntaneous and 1 superficial reference marker are placed. Intra-operative CT data is processed to the headset and integrates into the surgeon's visual field creating a “see-through” 3D effect in addition to 2D standard navigation images. MIS pedicle screw placement is then carried out percutaneously through single line of sight using navigated instruments.RESULTSTime elapsed from registration and percutaneous approach to final screw placement averaged 3 minutes and 54 seconds per screw.  Analysis of the learning curve revealed similar surgical times in the early cases compared to the cases performed with more experience with the system.  No instrumentation was revised for clinical or radiographic complication at final available follow-up ranging from 6–24 months. A total of 3 screws (0.49%) were replaced intra-operatively. No clinical effects via radiculopathy or neurologic deficit postoperatively were noted.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first report of the use of AR for placement of spinal pedicle screws using minimally invasive techniques.   This series of 164 cases confirmed efficiency and safety of screw placement with the inherent advantages of AR technologies over legacy enabling technologies.