蓓萨罗丁对热带爪蟾胚胎的致畸效应

目的研究蓓萨罗丁对热带爪蟾(Xenopus tropicalis)胚胎发育的影响。方法用0.5~128μg/L蓓萨罗丁对热带爪蟾胚胎进行24和48h暴露,检测热带爪蟾胚胎存活率、体长、发育阶段、畸形率和畸形指数等指标的变化。结果 128μg/L蓓萨罗丁暴露48h使胚胎的存活率显著降低(P0.05),32或128μg/L蓓萨罗丁暴露对胚胎的生长和发育有明显的抑制作用(P0.05),并导致胚胎出现严重的畸形现象,主要包括胚胎脑部缩小、眼睛色素减少、围心腔水肿和尾巴弯曲等多种畸形类型。24或48h暴露后,胚胎总畸形率和眼睛畸形指数随蓓萨罗丁浓度的升高而增加(P0.05),32或128μg/L暴露组胚胎畸形率达100%(P0.001)。结论蓓萨罗丁对热带爪蟾胚胎具有极强的致畸性。提示视黄醇类受体在热带爪蟾胚胎的发育过程中有重要作用。     

幼年雌性SD大鼠营养性肥胖模型的建立

目的建立一种适合儿童肥胖研究的幼年大鼠营养性肥胖模型。方法45只刚离乳SD雌性大鼠按区组随机分为对照组、肥胖A组与B组,A组在给予普通饲料的基础上添加由黄豆芽、奶粉、猪油、鸡蛋、鱼肝油组成的高能量饲料,B组自由进食合成高脂饲料,喂养45 d后观察三组大鼠体重、Lee’s指数、腹腔内脂肪重量及其重量系数、肝脏体比、血脂、血糖、胰岛素、瘦素等肥胖相关指标。结果肥胖A组摄入的总能量及蛋白、脂肪量明显高于其他两组,A组体重4周末就明显高于对照组,6周末显著高于B组;A组的Lee’s指数、腹腔内脂肪重量及其重量系数、肝脏体比也明显高于其他两组,A组的肥胖率高于B组;但血脂、血糖、胰岛素、胰岛素敏感指数三组间无显著差异,血瘦素水平A组明显高于对照组与B组,且与体重呈正相关。结论自由进食普通饲料的基础上,每天15 g/只的高能量饲料的喂饲方式可诱导幼年雌性SD大鼠营养性肥胖模型。     

L-肉碱对高脂膳食诱导肥胖大鼠体脂含量及血脂水平的影响

[目的 ]探讨L 肉碱对肥胖大鼠体重、体脂含量及血脂水平的影响。 [方法 ]以高脂饲料诱导大鼠肥胖模型 ,然后将肥胖大鼠随机分为对照组与 12 5、2 5 0、5 0 0mg/kg体重 3个L 肉碱组 ,每天 1次经口给予 ,共 6周。观察大鼠体重、睾丸 +肾脂肪垫合计重量 ,TC、TG和HDL C水平的变化。 [结果 ] 12 5、2 5 0、5 0 0mg/kg剂量组动物的体重与甘油三酯 (TG)低于对照组 ;2 5 0、5 0 0mg/kg剂量组的睾丸 +肾脂肪垫重量低于对照组 ;5 0 0mg/kg剂量组的胆固醇 (TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)和体脂比低于对照组。 [结论 ]L 肉碱具有改善大鼠肥胖与降低高血脂水平的作用。     

宫内TCDD暴露对雄性胎鼠胎盘类固醇生成关键基因的影响

目的探讨关键生长期宫内2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二英(TCDD)暴露对子代生长发育和胎盘类固醇合成关键基因的影响。方法孕SD大鼠随机分为TCDD染毒组(100,500 ng/kg)和对照组(纯玉米油),记录GD 19 d妊娠结局并测定胎鼠生长发育指标,实时荧光定量PCR法测定雄胎鼠胎盘类固醇生成关键基因(P450scc、P450c17、3β-HSD)的表达水平。结果 (1)孕鼠剖宫日当天各组的肝脏重量和脏器系数差别有统计学意义(P0.05),500ng/kg组孕鼠肝脏质量小于对照组;(2)对照组与染毒组不良妊娠率差别有统计学意义(P0.05);(3)染毒组的雄胎鼠体重均低于对照组,胎盘重量均高于对照组;(4)染毒组雄胎鼠的一般生长发育指标均低于对照组,但仅100ng/kg组雄性胎鼠尾长与对照组比较差别有统计学意义(P0.05);(5)染毒组雄鼠胎盘P450scc、P450c17、3β-HSD mRNA表达均低于对照组。对照组胎盘P450scc、P450c17、3β-HSD mRNA表达水平分别为100 ng/kg组和500ng/kg组的1.63、1.42、1.49倍和1.63、1.14、1.41倍。结论性别性腺决定期宫内TCDD暴露可对雄胎鼠一般生长指标产生影响,并可影响其胎盘类固醇生成关键基因的表达。     

黑木耳多糖对小鼠营养性肥胖干预作用

目的探讨黑木耳多糖对小鼠营养性肥胖干预作用及可能机制。方法 40只小鼠随机分为对照组、高脂组、黑木耳多糖低、中、高剂量组,高脂膳食同时灌胃给予黑木耳多糖,连续4周;测定各组小鼠体重、Lee's指数、脂肪指数、血清中总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、瘦素及激素敏感性脂肪酶(HSL)含量。结果与对照组比较,高脂组小鼠Lee's指数、脂肪指数[分别为(341.53±4.39)、(3.59±0.83)%]明显升高,血清中TC、TG、瘦素、HSL含量[分别为(5.06±0.10)、(2.12±0.20)mmol/L、(4.00±0.25)、(8.16±0.91)ng/m L]明显升高;与高脂组比较,黑木耳多糖高剂量组(100 mg/kg)小鼠Lee's指数、脂肪指数[(328.48±4.16)、(2.37±0.14)%]下降,血清中TC、TG、瘦素含量[(3.50±0.21)、(1.71±0.17)mmol/L、(3.72±0.55)ng/m L]下降,黑木耳多糖中剂量组(50 mg/kg)小鼠血清中HSL含量[(7.79±0.25)ng/m L]下降。结论黑木耳多糖对小鼠高脂膳食所致营养性肥胖具有干预作用,其机制可能与降低小鼠血清中瘦素及激素敏感性脂肪酶水平有关。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者糖脂代谢及体脂分布情况

目的研究多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者糖脂代谢、体脂分布情况。方法选取2015年2月-2017年9月广东省人民医院接诊的80例PCOS患者为研究组,其中肥胖和超重者52例,体重正常者28例。选择同期在该院接受健康体检的80例健康女性为对照组。比较两组糖脂代谢[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)]与体脂分布情况。结果研究组TC、TG、LDL-C、FPG、FINS、稳态模型下胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)水平明显高于对照组,HDL-C水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05);研究组右上肢、左上肢、躯干、腹部和全身脂肪率、腹部脂肪/臀部及大腿脂肪比(A/G)高于对照组,臀部脂肪率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05);研究组中肥胖和超重患者TC、TG、LDL-C、FINS、HOMA-IR水平明显高于体重正常者,HDL-C水平低于体重正常组,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05),两组FPG水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0. 05);体重正常组双上肢脂肪率、A/G高于肥胖和超重组,臀部脂肪率、腹部脂肪率、全身脂肪率低于肥胖和超重组,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05)。结论PCOS患者多存在糖脂代谢异常、胰岛素抵抗,以肥胖和超重患者更为明显; PCOS患者脂肪主要堆积在腹部,呈男性型脂肪分布模式,脂肪重量和肥胖有密切相关性。     

饮食诱导肥胖抵抗大鼠激素敏感脂肪酶基因的表达

目的　探讨高脂饮食诱导肥胖抵抗 (DIO R)大鼠激素敏感脂肪酶基因的表达。方法5 0只健康雄性SD大鼠 ,随机分为对照组和高脂组 ,分别用基础饲料和高脂饲料喂养 13周 ,然后根据体重和能量摄入量筛选出DIO R和饮食诱导肥胖 (DIO)组 ,观察体脂含量的变化 ,放免法测血清生长激素含量 ,RT PCR法测定大鼠激素敏感脂肪酶mRNA水平。结果　DIO R大鼠体脂含量为 (4 2 6±0 5 1) % ,低于DIO大鼠的 (5 34± 0 34) % ;DIO R大鼠血清生长激素水平为 (0 70± 0 0 6 )ng/ml,高于DIO大鼠的 (0 5 0± 0 0 8)ng/ml;高脂饲料可增加DIO R大鼠白色脂肪激素敏感脂肪酶mRNA水平。结论　大鼠白色脂肪中激素敏感脂肪酶表达增加在大鼠肥胖抵抗的发生中起一定作用。     

儿童单纯性肥胖程度和脂肪细胞因子的关系

目的 探讨儿童单纯性肥胖程度与脂肪细胞因子瘦素、脂联素和抵抗素水平的关系.方法 选取2～6岁单纯性肥胖儿童110例(肥胖组),其中轻度肥胖组40例,中度肥胖组40例,重度肥胖组30例,另选取正常体重健康儿童40例为对照组,检测空腹血清瘦素、脂联素和抵抗素水平,比较脂肪因子的差异.结果 肥胖组血清瘦素、抵抗素水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01),血清脂联素水平明显低于对照组(P<0.01).中度肥胖组血清瘦素、抵抗素水平明显高于轻度肥胖组[分别为(14.3±1.9)μg/L比(7.8±1.5)μg/L与(14.6±2.2)μg/L比(13.1±3.0)μg/L](P<0.01),脂联素水平明显低于轻度肥胖组[(6.7±3.0)mg/L比(9.1±3.5)mg/L](P<0.01);重度肥胖组血清瘦素、抵抗素水平[分别为(20.4±4.7)、(18.3±3.2)μg/L]明显高于中度肥胖组(P<0.01),脂联素水平[(5.1±1.2)mg/L]明显低于中度肥胖组(P<0.01).结论 儿童脂肪细胞因子水平与肥胖程度密切相关,内脏脂肪堆积可能是造成脂肪因子改变的主要原因之一.     

壳聚糖减肥及保护胃黏膜作用的实验研究

为研究壳聚糖减肥及保护胃黏膜的作用效果 ,以无水乙醇诱发大鼠胃黏膜损伤模型 ,以高脂饲料诱发大鼠肥胖模型 ,灌胃给予壳聚糖 (0 .2 ,0 .4 ,1.2g/kg .bw) ,观察胃黏膜出血带、溃疡面积、体重和体内脂肪重量。结果显示 :壳聚糖各剂量组胃黏膜出血带、溃疡面积明显低于模型对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,壳聚糖高剂量组体重和体内脂肪重量明显低于肥胖模型对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。提示壳聚糖有明显的减肥及保护胃黏膜作用。     

元宝枫叶提取物的减肥作用研究

目的研究元宝枫叶提取物对营养性肥胖大鼠的减肥作用及机制。方法利用营养饲料制备大鼠肥胖模型,分别给予不同组别大鼠元宝枫叶提取物10、30和100mg/kg BW。于实验结束测定体重、体脂、食物消耗量、脂/体比及肝脏脂肪酸合酶活性指标。实验持续31天。结果与模型对照组比较,30mg/kg与100mg/kg组3周后体重和实验终体重均显著降低(P<0.01),能降低肥胖模型大鼠体脂重量和脂/体比(P<0.05),可抑制脂肪酸合酶活性(P<0.05)。结论元宝枫叶提取物具有减肥功能。     

Acute lethal and teratogenic effects of tributyltin chloride and copper chloride on mahi mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) eggs and larvae

Acute and chronic bioassays were used to evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of copper chloride and tributyltin chloride on mahi mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) embryos, a pelagic life stage often found in the surface microlayer where anthropogenic contaminants can accumulate. Acute bioassay testing determined the median lethal concentration (LC50) for the test organism after 48 h of exposure. Chronic toxicity tests were used to determine the measurement of sublethal parameters, such as developmental abnormalities after 72-h exposures to the toxicants. Embryos were collected 4 h postfertilization and subsequently exposed to 1, 5, 25, 50, and 100 microg/L of copper chloride and 3, 10, 20, 30, and 50 microg/L of tributyltin chloride. Analysis of hatch rate percentage determined that the mean 48-h LC50 of copper chloride and tributyltin chloride was 32.8 and 16.7 microg/L, respectively, based on the pooled data of four experiments with four replicates for each metal. Consistent abnormalities, such as yolk sac swelling, spinal deformities, and decreased hatch rates, were observed for each metal. Teratogenic responses to copper chloride and tributyltin chloride demonstrate the need to investigate further the impacts of pollution in the open oceans to a species indigenous to, and commercially important to, the Florida (USA) coasts. This information could then lead to the future development of a surface microlayer bioassay using mahi mahi embryos.     

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of orally administered lycopene in male dogs

Consumption of lycopene, the predominant carotenoid in tomatoes and tomato products, is associated with reduced prostate cancer risk. The purpose of this study was to measure the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of lycopene after oral administration to male dogs. After single doses of 10, 30 and 50 mg/kg body weight (BW) lycopene to 2 dogs/dose, the mean half-life was 36 h and the plasma systemic exposure levels (AUC(0-)( infinity ), area under the curve) after the 30 and 50 mg/kg BW doses were similar. In a repeat dose study, 30 mg/(kg BW. d) administered orally to six dogs for 28 d resulted in steady-state plasma concentrations between 785 and 997 nmol/L lycopene. Apparent clearance, volume of distribution and apparent elimination half-life were 2.29 L/(h. kg), 96 L/kg and 30.5 h, respectively. Dogs were killed 1 or 5 d after the last dose and 23 tissues were collected for lycopene analysis. Lycopene concentrations were highest in liver, adrenals, spleen, lymph nodes and intestinal tissues. Liver lycopene concentrations were 66 and 91 nmol/g 1 and 5 d after cessation of treatment, respectively. Prostate lycopene concentrations were < 0.2 nmol/g both 1 and 5 d after dosing ceased (<0.4% of liver concentrations). Although 70% trans-lycopene was used in the dosing material, most of the lycopene identified in plasma and tissues was cis-lycopene.     

In Utero Exposure to Bisphenol A Shifts the Window of Susceptibility for Mammary Carcinogenesis in the Rat

Background

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental chemical with reported endocrine-disrupting properties.

Objective

Our goal in this study was to determine whether prenatal exposure to BPA predisposes the adult rat mammary gland to carcinogenesis.

Methods

Pregnant rats were treated orally with 0, 25, or 250 μg BPA/kg body weight (BW) from gestation day (GD) 10 to GD21. For tumorigenesis experiments, prenatally exposed female offspring received a single gavage of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA; 30 mg/kg BW) on postnatal day (PND) 50, or PND100.

Results

Prenatal exposure of the dam to 250 μg BPA/kg BW combined with a single exposure of female offspring to DMBA on PND100, but not on PND50, significantly increased tumor incidence while decreasing tumor latency compared with the control group. Prenatal exposure of the dam to 250 μg BPA/kg BW, in the absence of DMBA to the female offspring, increased cell proliferation and elicited differential effects at the protein level at PND100 compared with PND50. Differentially regulated proteins in the mammary gland included estrogen receptor-α, progesterone receptor-A, Bcl-2, steroid receptor coactivators, epidermal growth factor receptor, phospho-insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, and phospho-Raf.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that oral prenatal exposure to BPA increases mammary cancer susceptibility in offspring and shifts the window of susceptibility for DMBA-induced tumorigenesis in the rat mammary gland from PND50 to PND100. These changes are accompanied by differential effects of prenatal BPA exposure on the expression of key proteins involved in cell proliferation.     

Intake and Potential Health Risk of Butyltin Compounds from Seafood Consumption in Korea

Concentrations of butyltin compounds (BTs) were determined in 47 species of seafood commonly consumed in Korea to investigate intakes of BTs from seafood consumption and the potential health risks to the Korean population. The concentrations of BTs (the sum of dibutyltin and tributyltin) in seafood ranged from less than the limit of detection to 96.3 ng/g wet weight, which are levels similar to those reported for other countries. The intake of BTs from seafood consumption by the general population was estimated to be 17.2 ng/kg body weight/day. Fish accounted for 50% of the total intakes of BT, and the next contributor was cephalopods (26%). The estimated intakes for males and females were 18.6 and 15.7 ng/ kg body weight/day, respectively. Among the age groups investigated, children (<2 years and 3–6 years) had higher intakes of BTs compared with adults. The estimated intake of BTs for Korean population groups was 5–8% of the tolerable daily intake of 250 ng/ kg body weight/day set by the European Food Safety Authority. Our results suggest that the Korean population is not expected to exceed the threshold value for adverse health effects.     

Exogenous recombinant human growth hormone effects during suboptimal energy and zinc intake

BACKGROUND: Energy and Zinc (Zn) deficiencies have been associated with nutritional related growth retardation as well as growth hormone (GH) resistance. In this study, the relationship between suboptimal energy and/or Zn intake and growth in rats and their response to immunoreactive exogenous recombinant human GH (GHi), was determined. RESULTS: Rats treated with GHi and fed ad-libitum energy and Zn (100/100) had increased IGFBP-3 (p < 0.05) as compared with NSS (215 +/- 23 vs. 185 +/- 17 ng/ml) along with similar body weight gain. Rats treated with GHi and fed suboptimal energy and full Zn (70/100) had significantly increased weight gain (109.0 +/- 18.2 vs. 73.8 +/- 11.0 g) and serum IGF-I levels (568 +/- 90 vs. 420 +/- 85 ng/ml), along with decreased total body water (TBW; 61.0 +/- 1.6 vs. 65.7 +/- 2.1%) as compared to NSS controls. However, body weight gain was reduced (p < 0.05) as compared with rats fed ad-libitum energy. Growth hormone treated rats fed only suboptimal Zn (100/70), had increased weight gain (217.5 +/- 13.2 vs. 191.6 +/- 17.9 g; p < 0.05) compared to those given NSS. These rats gained weight in similar amounts to those fed full Zn. Rats treated with GHi and fed both suboptimal energy and Zn (70/70) showed similar results to those fed suboptimal energy with appropriate Zn (70/100), along with significant increases in IGFBP-3 levels (322 +/- 28 vs. 93 +/- 28 ng/ml). All restricted rats had reduced 24-h EE (kcal/100 g BW) and physical activity index (oscillations/min/kg BW) and GHi did not overcome these effects. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that GHi enhances weight gain in rats with suboptimal energy and Zn intake but does not modify energy expenditure or physical activity index. Suboptimal Zn intake did not exacerbate the reduced growth or decrease in energy expenditure observed with energy restriction.     

Effects of in utero and lactational exposure to bisphenol A on somatic growth and anogenital distance in F1 rat offspring

Bisphenol A (BPA), a xenoestrogen, has been reported to mimic the actions of estrogen or to affect the endocrine glands in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we examined whether in utero and lactational exposure to BPA altered the somatic growth and anogenital distance (AGD) of F1 offspring (1, 3, and 9 weeks of age) in vivo in rats. Dams were orally administered with various doses of BPA (0, 4, or 40 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day) from gestation day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 20. There were no significant changes in body weight, liver weight, kidneys weight, testes weight, AGD, the ratio of AGD to BW, or the ratio of AGD to the cube root of BW in BPA exposed pups compared to the vehicle-exposed control. This suggests that prenatal and postnatal exposure (indirect exposure) to BPA (4-40 mg/kg/day, GD 6-PND 20) does not affect on somatic growth or AGD of F1 generation of male and female rats.     

Trenbolone causes mortality and altered sexual differentiation in Xenopus tropicalis during larval development

Trenbolone is an androgen agonist used in cattle production and has been measured in aquatic systems associated with concentrated animal-feeding operations. In this study, the authors characterized the effects of aqueous exposure to 17β-trenbolone during larval Xenopus tropicalis development. Trenbolone exposure resulted in increased mortality of post-Nieuwkoop-Faber stage 58 tadpoles at concentrations ≥100?ng/L. Morphological observations and the timing of this mortality are consistent with hypertrophy of the larynx. Development of nuptial pads, a male secondary sex characteristic, was induced in tadpoles of both sexes at 100?ng/L. Effects on time to complete metamorphosis or body sizes were not observed; however, grow-outs placed in clean media for six weeks were significantly smaller in body size at 78?ng/L. Effects on sex ratios were equivocal, with the first experiment showing a significant shift in sex ratio toward males at 78?ng/L. In the second experiment, no significant effects were observed up to 100?ng/L, although overall sex ratios were similar. Histological assessment of gonads at metamorphosis showed half with normal male phenotypes and half that possessed a mixed-sex phenotype at 100?ng/L. Hypertrophy of the Wolffian ducts was also observed at this concentration. These results indicate that larval 17β-trenbolone exposure results in effects down to 78?ng/L, illustrating potential effects from exposure to androgenic compounds in anurans. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 2391-2398. ? 2012 SETAC.     

Accumulation of tributyltin in Hyalella azteca as an indicator of chronic toxicity: survival, growth, and reproduction

The chronic toxicity of tributyltin (TBT) was examined by exposing two successive generations of the freshwater amphipod, Hyalella azteca, to sediments spiked with TBT. Survival was the most sensitive measure of effect, with lethal concentration resulting in 50% mortality (LC50) values on a water and body concentration basis ranging from 76 to 145 ng Sn/L and 2,790 to 4,300 ng Sn/g, respectively. Individual growth of amphipods was not negatively affected by TBT, and although reproduction might be more sensitive than survival, the data were too variable to use on a routine basis. There were no detectable TBT-induced differences in the response between first- and second-generation animals. The relationship between toxicity and bioaccumulation of TBT in H. azteca was determined and can be used as a tool to predict the toxicity of TBT in environmental samples. Body concentrations exceeding 2,000 ng Sn/g in H. azteca exposed to field-collected samples would indicate that chronic toxicity due to TBT is likely occurring in amphipod populations at those sites.     

上海市某医院新生儿脐带血中多溴联苯醚水平及其对出生结局的影响

目的 调查上海市某医院新生儿脐带血中多溴联苯醚(polybrominated diphenyl ethers,PBDEs)浓度水平,并分析胎儿期PBDEs暴露对新生儿出生结局的影响.方法 于2006年9月至2007年4月,对上海市某医院50名入院分娩的孕妇进行问卷调查,孕妇均为单胎妊娠,排除高血压、糖尿病、HIV感染和不良药物史.收集新生儿脐带血样本,使用气相色谱-负化学电离源-质谱法检测脐带血中7种PBDEs[溴代联苯醚(BDE)-28、BDE-47、BDE-99、BDE-100、BDE-153、BDE-154、BDE-183]浓度,计算PBDEs总浓度(∑,PBDEs),并进一步分析脐带血中PBDEs浓度水平对新生儿出生结局的影响.结果 上海市某医院新生儿身长为(50.15±0.75)cm,体重为(3.49±0.42)kg,胸围为(34.76±1.51)cm,头围为(35.03±1.40)cm,体质指数为(13.76±1.36)kg/m2.新生儿脐带血中∑,PBDEs中位数浓度(范围)为14.06(1.03～379.73)ng/g脂重(lipid weight,1w).BDE-28、BDE-47、BDE-99、BDE-100、BDE-153、BDE-154、BDE-183检出率分别为22%(11/50)、22%(11/50)、98%(49/50)、72%(36/50)、76%(38/50)、90%(45/50)、14%(7/50).各同族体中位数浓度(范围)分别为:BDE-28为<检测限(LOD)(＜LOD～137.20 ng/g 1w),BDE-47为＜LOD(＜LOD-33.17 ng/g 1w),BDE-99为7.54(＜LOD-94.01)ng/g 1w,BDE-100为1.57(＜LOD-46.95)ng/g 1w,BDE-153为0.63(＜LOD-79.08)ng/g 1w,BDE-154为0.63(＜LOD-22.30)ng/g 1w,BDE-183为＜LOD(＜LOD-21.63 ng/g 1w).新生儿体质指数与BDE-99(r=-0.347,P＜0.05)和BDE-154(r=-0.292,P＜0.05)浓度呈负相关.将出生结局按照累计频率25%分为低(≤25%)、高(＞25%)两组,BDE-99在低身长组(≤50 cm)和高身长组(＜50 cm)的几何均数分别为10.59 ng/g 1w和3.60 ng/g 1w,二者差异有统计学意义(t=2.32,P=0.03).结论 上海市某医院新生儿脐带血中普遍存在PBDEs,胎儿期PBDEs暴露可影响新生儿出生结局.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the concentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)in umbilical cord serum and analyze the influence of exposure to PBDEs during fetal stage on newborn birth outcomes in Shanghai.Methods Fifty delivery women in a Shanghai hospital were surveyed by questionnaire.and the umbilical cord serum were collected from September 2006 to April 2007.All the delivery women were singleton pregnancies,excluding hish blood pressure,diabetes,HIV infection and adverse medical history.Seven congeners(BDE-28,BDE-47,BDE-99,BDE-100,BDE-153,BDE-154 and BDE-183) were measured by gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry and the influencing factors were anatyzed. Results Newborns'length.weight,chest circumference,head circumference and body mass index(BMI)were(50.15±0.75)cm,(3.49±0.42)kg,(34.76±1.51)cm,(35.03 ±1.40)cm,(13.76±1.36)kg/m2,respectively.The median of ∑7 PBDEs concentration in umbilical cord serum was 14.06(1.03-379.73)ng/g lipid weight(1w).The detection rate of BDE-28,BDE-47,BDE-99,BDE-100,BDE-153,BDE-154 and BDE-183 were 22%(11/50),22%(11/50),98%(49/50).72%(36/50),76%(38/50),90%(45/50)and 14%(7/50),respectively.The median(range)of PBDEs (BDE-28,BDE-47,BDE-99,BDE-100,BDE-153,BDE-154,BDE-183)congeners were ＜LOD (＜LOD-137.20 ng/g 1w),＜LOD(＜LOD-33.17 ng/g 1w),7.54.ng/g 1w(＜LOD-94.01 ng/g 1w),1.57 ng/g 1w(＜LOD-46.95 ng/g 1w),0.63.ng/g 1w(＜LOD-79.08 ng/g 1w),0.63 ng/g 1w(＜LOD-22.30 ng/g 1w)and＜LOD(＜LOD-21.63 ng/g 1w),respectiveIy.The newborns'BMI showed a negative correlation with BDE-99(r=-0.347.P＜0.05)and BDE.154(r=-0.292.P＜0.05).BDE-99in low-length group(≤50 cm,10.59 ng/g 1w) was significantly higher(t=2.32,P=0.03)than that in high-length group(＞50 cm,3.60 ng/g 1w).Conclusion PBDEs were commonly detected in newborns'umbilical cord serum in this study.Our findings indicated that exposure to PBDEs adversely affected the development of the newborns.