High-frequency color Doppler ultrasonography of the spermatic cord arteries: resistive index variation in a cohort of 51 healthy men.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the normal range of Doppler ultrasonographic measurements of spermatic cord arteries in a cohort of healthy men. METHODS: The spermatic cord arteries of 51 men were interrogated with color Doppler ultrasonography. The resistive index (RI) of each artery was measured for the entire cohort; peak systolic and end-diastolic velocity values were obtained in a smaller subgroup (n = 31). The artery with the lowest RI was labeled A; the other 2 arteries were identified as B and C. RESULTS: Three separate arteries were identified within the spermatic cord in all individuals. The median RI values for arteries A, B, and C were 0.70 (range, 0.48-0.82), 0.84 (0.67-0.90), and 0.84 (0.72-0.92), respectively. One-way analysis of variance showed a significant difference between the mean RIs of arteries A and B (P < .0001) and arteries A and artery C (P < .0001) but not between B and C (P = .49). Peak systolic and end-diastolic velocity values differed significantly between arteries A and B (P < .0001) and arteries A and C (P < .0001) but not between B and C (P = .31). No age effect was shown for the RI measurements of the cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Color Doppler ultrasonography enables the objective quantification of Doppler measurements of arteries within the spermatic cord. Knowledge of the normal range of Doppler measurements for spermatic cord arteries that supply the testes may be a useful adjunct to the assessment of the testes.     

肾阻力指数检测对正常血压和高血压病患者慢性肾小管间质损害的临床研究

目的研究肾叶间动脉阻力指数(RI)检测在评价正常血压和高血压患者并发慢性肾小管间质损害(CTIN)程度的临床价值。方法入选36例正常血压及38例高血压病患者,所有患者均有潜在CTIN病史,但肾功能正常,通过ELISA法测定尿视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)、酶-底物直接显色法测定,尿N-乙酰-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG酶)及尿液浓缩酸化试验判断肾小管功能。将入选的患者再分为有CTIN和无CTIN 2组。35例健康者作为正常对照。采用多普勒超声测定肾脏叶间动脉RI及其他肾脏参数。双肾ECT测定肾小球滤过率(GFR)。结果有CTIN正常血压及高血压患者叶间动脉RI较无CTIN及正常对照组均明显升高(P<0.05);RRI与有潜在CTIN正常血压及高血压患者的RBP和NAG酶、尿酸分别呈明显正相关。结论在肾功能正常情况下,多普勒超声测定肾叶间动脉RI可早期发现高血压和正常血压患者并发的CTIN,对判断预后并行干预治疗具有一定的临床意义。     

彩色多普勒观察输尿管喷尿对输尿管梗阻的诊断价值

目的:探讨输尿管喷尿动力学改变对诊断输尿管梗阻的价值。方法:对照分析33例输尿管梗阻和20例正常人的尿流峰值速度、平均速度、喷尿时间、喷尿间隔时间、喷尿加速时间。结果:梗阻输尿管的喷尿峰值速度、平均速度较健侧及正常人增大,喷尿间隔时间延长,喷尿时间缩短,喷尿加速时间缩短。结论:多普勒超声观察对比输尿管喷尿对输尿管梗阻诊断有重要价值。     

Renal arterial resistance in septic shock: effects of increasing mean arterial pressure with norepinephrine on the renal resistive index assessed with Doppler ultrasonography

Objective To determine the effects of increasing mean arterial pressure (MAP) on renal resistances assessed by Doppler ultrasonography in septic shock. Design and setting Prospective, single-center, nonrandomized, open-label trial in the surgical intensive care unit in a university teaching hospital. Patients and participants 11 patients with septic shock who required fluid resuscitation and norepinephrine to increase and maintain MAP at or above 65 mmHg. Interventions Norepinephrine was titrated in 11 patients in septic shock during three consecutive not randomized periods of 2 h to achieve a MAP at successively 65, 75, and 85 mmHg. Measurements and results At the end of each period hemodynamic parameters and renal function variables (urinary output, creatinine, clearance) were measured, and Doppler ultrasonography was performed on interlobar arteries to assess the renal resistive index. When increasing MAP from 65 to 75 mmHg, urinary output increased significantly from 76 ± 64 to 93 ± 68 ml/h and the resistive index significantly decreased from 0.75 ± 0.07 to 0.71 ± 0.06. No difference was found between 75 and 85 mmHg. Conclusions Doppler ultrasonography and resistive index measurements may help determine in each patient the optimal MAP for renal blood flow and may be a relevant end-point to titrate the hemodynamic treatment in septic shock.     

输尿管镜技术对急性输尿管梗阻的处理

目的探讨输尿管镜技术对急性输尿管梗阻的诊断和处理价值。方法回顾性分析170例经尿道输尿管镜(URS)术诊治急性输尿管梗阻的临床资料。结果成功解除急性梗阻159例,有效率93.5%(159/170),结石性梗阻149例,取石碎石率85.9%(128/149);非结石性梗阻21例,包括狭窄、瓣膜、息肉、乳糜、血块、肿瘤等,视必要经病理检查并做相应处理。活检16例,放置引流管132例。结论输尿管镜技术对于输尿管梗阻性疾病具有诊断和治疗双重意义,快速、高效、安全,对合并持续肾绞痛及其他情况需急诊处理者尤为适宜。     

肾内阻力指数在鉴别单侧梗阻性和非梗阻性上尿路积水中的应用

目的：探讨肾内阻力指数在鉴别单侧梗阻性和非梗阻性上尿路积水中的应用价值。方法：对49例单侧上尿路积水且对侧肾脏正常的患者进行回顾性研究。对比阻力指数、阻力指数率与静脉肾盂造影鉴别梗阻性和非梗阻性上尿路积水的结果之间有无差异；双肾阻力指数值在解除梗阻前、后有无差异。结果：阻力指数与静脉肾盂造影鉴别梗阻性和非梗阻性上尿路积水的结果有显著性差异；阻力指数率与静脉肾盂造影鉴别诊断的结果无显著性差异。解除梗阻前、后梗阻肾的阻力指数值之间有显著性差异而非梗阻肾的阻力指数值之间无显著性差异。结论：阻力指数鉴别单侧梗阻性和非梗阻性上尿路积水的能力可能有限，阻力指数率有助于单侧上尿路积水的鉴别。监测解除梗阻前、后梗阻肾的阻力指数值的变化有助于随访。     

输尿管梗阻的多层螺旋CT应用与分析

目的:应用多层螺旋CT(MSCT)对输尿管梗阻进行病因分析,提高定位和定性诊断准确率。方法:对28例输尿管梗阻性病变患者行MSCT平扫、增强及延迟扫描,并应用多种后处理技术重建。结果:所有病例均良好显示输尿管扩张的整体形态、梗阻部位的局部形态特征及周围组织结构的情况,对梗阻的病因均有明确的定性。结论:MSCT平扫和增强扫描,轴位和重建图像相结合,是检查输尿管梗阻病变的重要方法,对病因定性、鉴别诊断具有重要意义,具有比IVP、B超、MRI、CT更大的优越性。     

Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the development of interstitial fibrosis in kidneys following unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice

Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis in kidneys mimics the pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases and is considered a suitable model for studying the mechanisms leading to fibrosis. To study the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in kidney fibrosis, we investigated whether a selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, affected renal interstitial fibrosis during UUO in mice. To induce UUO, the left proximal ureter was ligated in male C57BL/6 mice. The mice were fed a diet with or without celecoxib from the day of UUO induction. Following UUO, the renal pelvis was observed to be dilated and the kidney cortex was significantly thinner than that of sham-operated mice. Immunofluorescent staining of type I, III, and IV collagen in UUO kidneys revealed that interstitial collagen deposition was significantly increased in the celecoxib-treated group. Expression of type I, III, and IV collagen in UUO kidneys was also significantly higher in the celecoxib-treated group than in the vehicle-treated group. In the celecoxib-treated group, mRNA levels of TGF-β/FGF-2 were also significantly higher than those in the vehicle-treated group. The present study demonstrates that COX-2 plays a protective role against fibrosis in UUO kidneys and suggests that supplementation of COX-2 products, such as PG analogues, will be a good option for preventing interstitial fibrosis.     

3.0TBOLDMR技术对大鼠急性单侧输尿管梗阻肾损害的研究

目的探讨3.0T血氧水平依赖功能MRI（fMRI-BOLD）技术对急性单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠肾血氧水平改变的评估。材料与方法 16只健康SD大鼠,其中3只死亡出组,13只入组大鼠分别在结扎单侧输尿管前、结扎后1h及解除结扎后1h进行常规MR轴位T2WI及冠状位BOLD扫描。观察T2WI像上不同组别间双肾皮髓质信号及解剖结构改变,分别进行信噪比对比分析;在ADW4.4工作站进行BOLD图像重建,测量三次扫描双肾皮髓质R2＊值,分别进行R2＊值的对比分析。根据患侧肾盂扩张率不同,将其分为重度梗阻与轻度梗阻,并将其与R2＊变化率进行对比分析;根据解除组患侧肾盂恢复率不同,将其分为缓解组与未缓解组,并分析其与梗阻程度及R2＊变化率的关系。结果 T2WI像上梗阻前大鼠双肾皮质、髓质信噪比分别一致,双肾解剖结构清晰显示;梗阻后大鼠患侧肾实质信噪比均较梗阻前明显增高,皮、髓质分界欠清,肾盂均有不同程度扩张;解除组患侧肾实质信噪比高于梗阻前组,低于梗阻后组,皮髓质分界清晰,肾盂扩张不同程度恢复,健侧肾较梗阻前均未见明显变化。梗阻前组大鼠左、右肾髓质R2＊值均高于相应肾皮质;左肾与右肾皮质、髓质R2＊值无统计学差异。梗阻后组患肾髓质R2＊值低于梗阻前组髓质R2＊值,患侧肾皮质R2＊值与梗阻前组无差异;健侧肾皮质R2＊值略低于梗阻前组,髓质R2＊值略高于梗阻前组。解除组患肾髓质R2＊值低于梗阻前组,高于梗阻后组,患侧皮质R2＊值与梗阻前、后组皮质R2＊值无统计学差异;解除组健侧肾皮质R2＊值略低于梗阻后组,髓质R2＊值略高于梗阻后组。轻度梗阻R2＊变化率低于重度梗阻。缓解组的梗阻程度及R2＊变化率均低于未缓解组。结论 3.0TfMRI-BOLD技术通过测量R2＊值能反映肾脏皮、髓质在正常情况下及急性单侧输尿管梗阻时氧代谢的变化。     

柚皮素对单侧输尿管梗阻致肾间质纤维化大鼠 KIM-1表达水平的影响

目的：观察柚皮素对单侧输尿管梗阻致大鼠肾间质纤维化肾损伤因子-1（KIM-1）表达水平的影响。方法将24只SD 大鼠随机分为假手术组（Sham 组）、模型组（UUO 组）、柚皮素组（Nar 组）,每组8只。UUO 组及 Nar 组行左侧输尿管结扎术, Sham 组只游离但不结扎和剪断输尿管。造模后分别给予生理盐水、柚皮素25 mg/（kg·d）。14 d 后处死大鼠,处死前收集24 h尿液,ELISA 法检测大鼠尿液 KIM-1水平,取梗阻侧肾制作标本,行 HE 及 Masson 染色,光镜下观察肾间质纤维化程度并半定量对肾小管间质损伤指数进行积分;免疫组化法检测肾间质 KIM-1的表达。结果与 Sham 组比较,UUO 组肾小管间质损伤指数（TDI）升高,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,尿液、肾组织中 KIM-1水平均升高,差异也有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。与 UUO 组比较,Nar 组 TDI 降低,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）,尿液、肾组织中 KIM-1水平降低,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。相关性分析示24 h 尿液及肾组织 KIM-1水平与 TDI 呈正相关（r 分别为0．862、0．866,P 均小于0．01）。结论柚皮素可减轻肾间质纤维化,降低 KIM-1的表达。     

高血压患者肾动脉阻力指数变化的临床意义

目的了解高血压患者肾动脉阻力指数(resistive index,RI)的变化及其临床意义.方法选择肾功能处于不同阶段的原发性高血压患者142例,对照组15例.用彩色多普勒超声仪测量肾动脉RI.结果高血压慢性肾功能不全(CRI)代偿期和失代偿期患者各级肾动脉RI(0.77～0.81)均明显高于高血压肾功能正常组和对照组(0.69～0.71), 差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01).高血压2级和高血压3级患者的各级肾动脉RI均较对照组升高,尤以肾主动脉RI增高为著(P<0.05～<0.01).相关分析表明,肾动脉RI与血尿素氮(BUN)和血肌酐(Scr)呈正相关关系、与肌酐清除率(Ccr)呈负相关关系;肾动脉RI与收缩压最高值正相关(r=0.168, P<0.05);肾动脉RI与年龄正相关(r=0.44,P<0.01).结论肾动脉RI与高血压患者的肾功能状态、血压及年龄相关;肾动脉RI可作为评估肾功能损害程度的指标.     

Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of urinary tract obstruction by stone

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of Doppler sonography in renal colic due to obstruction and to assess whether the resistance index (RI) and interrenal RI difference (DeltaRI) are time-dependent parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Obstructed and unobstructed contralateral kidneys in 28 patients with renal colic and normal kidneys in 27 control subjects were prospectively evaluated with Doppler sonography. Mean RI, mean DeltaRI, and duration of pain were evaluated. Statistical analysis was done using paired and independent t-tests. RESULTS: Mean RIs of the control-group, obstructed, and contralateral kidneys were 0.60, 0.71, and 0.61, respectively; mean DeltaRI values of the obstructed and control-group kidneys were 0.10 and 0.03, respectively. Differences in mean RI between obstructed and contralateral or control-group kidneys were statistically significant (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in DeltaRI between patients and controls (p < 0.001). The difference between the RI values of kidneys with low-grade (0.70) and high-grade obstructions (0.72) was not statistically significant. The difference between the DeltaRI values of kidneys with low-grade (0.08) and high-grade obstructions (0.13) was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Differences in the mean RI and mean DeltaRI values between 3 groups of patients categorized according to the duration of pain were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Along with gray-scale sonography and intravenous urography, Doppler sonography can be used in the evaluation of renal obstruction. RI and DeltaRI are not time-dependent parameters.     

The renal resistive index as a predictor of acute hydronephrosis in patients with renal colic

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to determine whether the renal resistive index (RI) can predict hydronephrosis in patients with renal colic (RC) and whether or not its performance is time-dependent.Materials and methodsThe study population was composed of 54 patients admitted for unilateral RC. At the time of the first observation (time point I, tpI), each patient underwent routine examinations, abdominal ultrasonography, and renal color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) with measurement of the RI. The two imaging studies were repeated 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 h later (tpII, tpIII, tpIV, tpV, tpVI, tpVII). In addition, each patient underwent non-contrast urinary tract CT 48–60 h after admission. A mean renal RI of >0.70 (mRI+) for the symptomatic kidney was considered indicative of obstruction. Patients were retrospectively divided into two groups: those who developed dilatation (group A) and those who did not (group B).ResultsA mRI+ on CDUS predicted the onset of hydronephrosis with 100% sensitivity, 84% specificity, 92.6% accuracy, PPV and NPV of 87.9% and 100%, and diagnostic efficiency of 84%. In group A, mRI+ were always observed before onset of hydronephrosis in a time-dependent manner. In group B, mRI+ were observed occasionally in 4/25 patients (16%) and all were recorded at tpII. In these cases, the RI had returned to normal by tpIII.ConclusionsIn our RC patients, renal RI obtained with CDUS predicted the onset of acute dilatation with higher sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and diagnostic efficiency than ultrasonography, and it can be used routinely in the emergency department to supplement ultrasound findings.     

The recovery of renal function in rats after release of unilateral ureteral obstruction: the effects of moderate isotonic saline loading

Following 24 h of ureteral obstruction in the rat, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate are markedly depressed. The effect of saline loading on post-obstructive glomerular filtration (GFR) was studied in 15 female Sprague-Dawley rats in the awake state, 4 h following the release of 24 h of unilateral ureteral obstruction. Group I (n = 8) received 39 microliters min-1 of 0.9% saline only for 1 h prior to study and Group II (n = 7) received 78 microliters min-1 of 0.9% saline for the whole 4 h prior to study. The Cin and CPAH of the post-obstructed kidney were significantly reduced over control values in both groups. Saline loading (Group II) resulted in an improvement in Cin in the post-obstructed kidney compared with group I (3.22 +/- 0.14 vs. 2.19 +/- 0.14 ml/min/kg BW, P less than 0.001). This was independent of any change in CPAH. In two further groups of rats the saline loading protocol was shown to cause a rise in the excretion of urinary cGMP in the post-obstructed kidney, but not the contralateral control kidney. In addition, administration of exogenous atriopeptin (1-24) to non-saline loaded animals resulted in a qualitatively similar alteration in renal function to saline loading, namely a rise in Cin and an increase in excretion of cGMP by the post-obstructed kidney, and no change in CPAH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

The power Doppler velocity index, pulsatility index, and resistive index can assist in making a differential diagnosis of primary ovarian carcinoma and Krukenberg tumors: a preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of transvaginal power Doppler sonography with spectral Doppler analysis as an aid in preoperatively distinguishing primary ovarian carcinoma and metastatic carcinoma to the ovary (Krukenberg tumors). METHODS: Fifty women with ovarian disease were preoperatively examined with transvaginal power Doppler sonography. Six basic parameters were measured, including intratumoral peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, time-averaged maximum velocity, pulsatility index (PI), resistive index (RI), and velocity index (VeI). Blood flow analyses were detectable in all patients. Twelve patients with metastatic carcinoma to the ovary were classified as group 1; 38 patients with primary ovarian carcinoma were classified as group 2. Comparison of intratumoral blood flow analyses between the two groups was performed. RESULTS: The PI, RI, and VeI were significantly lower in patients with metastatic carcinoma to the ovary than those with primary ovarian carcinoma (P < .05). There were no significant differences in the peak systolic velocity (P = .871), end-diastolic velocity (P = .508), and time-averaged maximum velocity (P = .850) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal power Doppler sonography with spectral Doppler analysis is an effective method in evaluating intratumoral blood flow of Krukenberg tumors. Low impedance (PI, RI, and VeI) might assist us in making differential diagnoses between primary ovarian carcinoma and Krukenberg tumors according to our preliminary results.     

药物结晶导致的急性双侧输尿管梗阻性无尿的诊断和微创治疗

目的 总结药物结晶导致的双侧输尿管梗阻性无尿的诊断和微创治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析2例药物结晶导致的急性双侧榆尿管梗阻性无尿患者的临床资料.结果 2例患者均于点滴抗生素后出现无尿、腰部疼痛、血肌酐水平升高,B超和KUB平片均不能明确诊断;64排CT平扫双侧输尿管下段可见稍高密度阴影,最大密度投影(MIP)显示输尿管下段高密度阴影,CT值为30～128Hu;1例行输尿管镜检查;1例行膀胱镜检查,2例术中放置双I管后即解除梗阻.B超随访2个月无肾积水,肾功能良好.结论 药物结晶导致的双侧输尿管梗阻,传统的B超和KUB检查不能明确诊断,64排CT平扫双侧榆尿管以及扫描后的MIP成像可以帮助明确诊断;行榆尿管镜下或膀胱镜下放置双J管,可以达到积极治疗目的 .     

Renal sonography in the diagnosis of renal obstruction or hydronephrosis in patients with cervical cancer

PURPOSE: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the role of renal sonography and its use as an alternative to intravenous urography in detecting ureteral obstruction or hydronephrosis in patients with cervical cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with biopsy-confirmed carcinoma of the cervix who were referred to the radiotherapy center from February 6, 2001, through July 20, 2001, were enrolled in this trial. All patients had previously undergone clinical staging by physical examination and either intravenous urography or CT scanning as the standard tests for diagnosing ureteral obstruction or hydronephrosis. All patients underwent renal sonography as an alternative diagnostic tool for diagnosing ureteral obstruction or hydronephrosis. RESULTS: Forty patients were enrolled. Their mean age was 46 years (range, 26-65 years). According to the FIGO staging system, 12% of the patients had clinical stages 1B2 and 2A disease, 20% had stage 2B, 8% had stage 3A, 50% had stage 3B, and 10% had a postoperative recurrence of cervical cancer. Thirty-four patients had had intravenous urography and 6 had had CT scans of the abdomen and pelvis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and overall accuracy rates for renal sonography were 76.5% (13/17), 100% (23/23), 100% (13/13), 85% (23/27), and 90% (36/40), respectively. Seventy-five percent (3/4) of the false-negative results occurred in patients with pelvic sidewall thickening on physical examination. CONCLUSIONS: Renal sonography may be used as an effective and relatively low-cost means of diagnosing ureteral obstruction in patients with cervical cancer without clinically evident pelvic sidewall thickening.     

Sonographically guided removal of a double J ureteral stent in an infant

A 2-month-old male infant with a prenatally diagnosed obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction underwent a dismembered Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty. A transanastomotic double J ureteral stent was placed between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder. This report describes the subsequent removal of the double J ureteral stent from the patient's urinary bladder without the aid of a cystoscope: a rigid biopsy forceps was introduced trans-urethrally into the urinary bladder, and the stent was removed with sonographic guidance. Removal of a ureteral stent with sonographic guidance has not been previously reported in infants. This technique may be particularly useful in developing countries, where appropriate-sized cystoscopes and accessories may not be available.     

术前综合评价对输尿管结石梗阻急性肾衰竭患者治疗方案选择的临床价值

目的 探讨术前综合评价对输尿管结石梗阻急性肾衰竭患者治疗方案选择的临床价值.方法 收集确诊为输尿管结石梗阻急性肾衰竭患者86例,依据患者生化指标、输尿管梗阻和肾积水梗阻情况,分为安全组(11~15分),风险组(7~10分)和危险组(<7分).安全组患者予立即行手术治疗;风险组患者根据患者情况予血液透析后行手术治疗或予急诊手术治疗;危险组患者予血液透析后行手术治疗.手术后随访1月,患者肾功能恢复情况及输尿管梗阻和肾积水改善情况.结果 安全组患者肾功能完全恢复,输尿管梗阻和肾积水情况完全缓解;风险组患者肾功能完全恢复,分别有1例患者存在输尿管梗阻及肾积水;危险组患者有4例患者肾功能存在轻度损害,分别有2例患者存在输尿管梗阻及肾积水.结论 术前综合评价对输尿管结石梗阻急性肾衰竭患者治疗方案的选择具有重要的临床价值.     

阻力指数在肝肿瘤超声诊断中的价值

目的　探讨阻力指数 (RI)在肝肿瘤鉴别诊断中的价值。方法　对 936例共 1 0 57个肝脏实质占位进行了彩色多普勒血流显像和脉冲多普勒血流分析。其中原发性肝恶性肿瘤 697例 ,转移性肝肿瘤 55例 ,肝血管瘤 87例 ,局灶性结节性增生 36例 ,血管平滑肌脂肪瘤 1 4例 ,炎性假瘤 1 1例 ,肝硬化结节1 2例 ,肝结核 5例 ,腺瘤 3例 ,脓肿 5例 ,脂肪瘤 2例 ,其他良性病变 9例。全部病例均经手术和病理证实。结果　肝脏恶性肿瘤动脉血流检出率 (92 % ,760 /82 8)明显高于肝良性肿瘤 (45 % ,1 0 3/2 2 9) ,肝恶性肿瘤的平均RI明显高于肝良性肿瘤 (P <0 .0 0 1 )。如果以多普勒测及动脉血流 ,且RI≥ 0 .6作为诊断肝脏恶性肿瘤的指标 ,则敏感性为 87% (71 7/82 8) ,特异性为 92 % (2 1 1 /2 2 9) ,准确性为 88% (92 8/1 0 57)。结论　RI在肝肿瘤的鉴别诊断中有较大的临床实用价值。