手术分娩对产妇和新生儿B细胞的影响

目的:探讨手术分娩对产妇和新生儿血中B细胞数值的影响。方法:选择足月分娩产妇60例:其中自然分娩(NL)组、择期剖宫产(CS)组、经试产而急诊剖宫产(CS-E)组各20例。分娩时分别采集产妇外周血和新生儿脐血,采用流式细胞仪检测血中B细胞CD19+的百分数。结果:CS-E组产妇血中B细胞数(10.53±3.26%)明显高于NL组(7.81±2.90%)和CS组(6.89±4.72%)(P<0.01);新生儿脐血中B细胞数CS组(8.63±5.78%)低于NL组(12.95±5.37%)和CS-E组(12.48±5.42%)(P<0.05)。结论:CS-E产妇血中B细胞值的明显增高,可能与产妇分娩发动及胎儿状况有关;CS组新生儿脐血中B细胞数减少,可能会增加新生儿对某些病原体的易感性。     

Effects of Delayed Newborn Bathing on Breastfeeding,Hypothermia, and Hypoglycemia

ObjectiveTo determine whether delaying the newborn bath by 24 hours increases the prevalence of breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding at discharge in healthy full-term and late preterm newborns (34 0/7–36 6/7 weeks gestation) and to examine the effect of delayed newborn bathing on the incidences of hypothermia and hypoglycemia.DesignPre–post implementation, retrospective, cohort study.SettingProvincial children’s hospital with an average of 2,500 births per year.ParticipantsHealthy newborns (N = 1,225) born at 34 0/7 weeks or more gestation who were admitted to the mother–baby unit.MethodsWe compared newborns who were bathed before 24 hours (n = 680, preimplementation group) to newborns who were bathed after 24 hours (n = 545, postimplementation group).ResultsAfter adjustment for confounders, the odds of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge were 33% greater in the postimplementation group than in the preimplementation group (adjusted odds ratio = 1.334; 95% confidence interval [1.049,1.698]; p = .019). Delayed bathing was associated with decreased incidence of hypothermia and hypoglycemia (p = .007 and p = .003, respectively). We observed no difference in breastfeeding initiation between groups.ConclusionDelaying the newborn bath for 24 hours was associated with an increased likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge and a decreased incidence of hypothermia and hypoglycemia in healthy newborns. The implementation of a delayed bathing policy has the potential to improve breastfeeding rates and reduce the incidence of hypothermia and hypoglycemia.     

Procidentia in the Newborn

Summary: Procidentia in the newborn infant is a very rare occurrence. It may result from prolonged labour in a breech presentation. It is important to recognize the condition early and reduce it digitally so that ureteric obstruction is relieved.     

米非司酮对胎盘结构、功能及胎儿的影响

米非司酮用于促宫颈成熟的临床效果好,对母体的安全性较高.但是,用药对胎盘的结构有一定的影响,对胎盘合成的激素和调节因子亦可能有影响.目前,尚未见对胎儿、新生儿有影响的报道.许多专家指出在尚无统一结论的前提下,对米非司酮用于晚期妊娠引产应持谨慎态度.     

Procidentia in the Newborn

Kepler (1911) in a survey of the world literature, discovered 151 reported cases of prolapse in nulliparous women and he suggested that when this disorder occurred in the neonate it was due entirely to some congenital defect, of which spina bifida was the most common. Palmer Findley (1916) reported similar views.     

Use of the Behavioral Observation of the Newborn Educational Trainer for Teaching Newborn Behavior

Nurses who work with families in the postnatal period teach parents about their newborns and facilitate emotional bonds between parents and infants. This article describes a newborn behavior training that incorporates the Behavioral Observation of the Newborn Educational Trainer (BONET), a learning aid that educates clinicians about newborn behavioral organization, self‐regulation skills, and interactive capabilities. Nurses may apply this training to help parents understand and respond to newborn cues.     

Viral Infections of the Newborn

Viral infections of the newborn result in significant morbidity and mortality each year. The fetus and newborn are particularly vulnerable to viral infection. The range of expression may vary from no clinical disease to devastating illness and infection occurring before, during, or after birth. Nursing management is determined by the specific viral infection, the severity of the illness, and the unique conditions of the newborn and his/her family. Promising new therapies are on the horizon that may lessen the severity of viral disease. Until such time, the major thrusts of management of neonatal viral disease are prevention of infection and supportive care for the acutely ill newborn.     

Acute Respiratory Care of the Newborn

Respiratory problems account for most of the morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. Etiology of respiratory difficulties and specific nursing assessments and interventions relevant to the neonate experiencing respiratory distress are discussed.     

Home Care of the High-risk Newborn

When a newborn at high risk because of prematurity is discharged from the hospital, the family involved faces a time of crisis. Because parents experience increased stress during the transition to home care, both the parents and their infant are vulnerable to the effects of the added stress on the family's health and well-being. Community nursing intervention is a necessary component of care for the family of a high-risk newborn. Nursing strategies that address specific counseling and teaching needs of the family of a high-risk newborn are presented.