磁共振扩散加权成像与慢性乙型肝炎肝功能的相关性研究

目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像评价慢性乙型肝炎病人肝功能的应用价值.方法 对30例正常志愿者及30例慢性肝病病人行肝脏磁共振扩散加权成像,测量并比较正常组与病例组间肝实质表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)值,分析ADC值与肝功能终末期肝病模型(model for end-stage liver disease,MELD)评分的相关性.结果 病例组ADC值较正常组降低(P<0.01),b=800 s/mm2时,ADC值与MELD评分有显著性负相关,r=-0.68,P<0.01.结论 肝实质ADC值与MELD评分显著性负相关,对慢性乙型肝炎肝功能的评估有较高的临床应用价值.     

磁共振门静脉血流动力学改变与肝功能相关性

目的：通过磁共振相位对比法成像测量慢性肝病患者门静脉主干的平均血流速度及每分血流量,并将其与肝功能终末期肝病模型（MELD）评分进行相关性研究,探讨磁共振相位对比法成像在评价慢性肝病肝功能的应用价值。方法：60例慢性肝病患者行肝脏磁共振相位对比法成像（包括15例治疗前后的随访复查）,测量病例组60例及15例治疗前、后门静脉主干的平均血流速度及每分血流量,分析它们与MELD评分的相关性。结果：病例组60例门静脉主干的平均血流速度与MELD评分有显著性负相关（R=-0.40,P〈0.05）,每分血流量与MELD评分无显著性相关（R=-0.22,P〉0.05）。治疗前后15例门静脉主干的平均血流速度变化量与MELD评分变化量有显著性负相关（R=-0.69,P〈0.01）,每分血流量变化量与MELD评分变化量也有显著性负相关（R=-0.51,P〈0.05）。结论：门静脉主干的平均血流速度及每分血流量与MELD评分有较密切的相关性,对慢性肝病患者的肝功能评估及疗效观测有较高的临床应用价值。     

3.0 T磁共振相位对比法定量肝硬化门静脉血流动力学与肝功能状况的相关性研究

目的 运用磁共振相位对比法(PC-MRI)对门静脉系统血流参数进行测量,探讨PC-MRI在乙肝肝硬化肝功能状况评价中的应用价值及意义.方法 40例乙肝肝硬化患者,男32例,女8例,年龄29～70岁,平均52.3岁,其中Child-PughA级15例,B级13例,C级12例;10例对照组患者,男6例,女4例,年龄40 ～ 60岁,平均42岁.通过PC-MRI测量门静脉、肠系膜上静脉及脾静脉的截面积(S,mm2)、平均血流量(Q,ml/s)和平均流速(V,cm/s).结果 对照组门静脉截面积(SPV)明显小于肝硬化各组(P＜0.05);随着肝硬化程度的加重,门静脉平均血流量(QPV)和平均流速(VPV)逐渐减小(P＜0.05),Child-Pugh C级的VPV明显低于Child-Pugh A、B级(P＜0.05);肝硬化各组肠系膜上静脉截面积(SSMV)明显高于正常组(P＜0.05),Child-Pugh B级低于Child-Pugh A、C级(P＜0.05);Child-Pugh B、C级SSV较正常组明显增大,且差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).QPV、VPV、脾静脉平均血流量(QSV)和脾静脉平均流速(VSV)与MELD评分呈负相关(P＜0.05),相关系数分别为-0.396、-0.464、-0.453、-0.549.结论 PC-MRI可有效评价乙肝肝硬化不同肝储备功能状态的门静脉系统血流状态,是评价肝硬化严重程度及肝脏储备功能的重要影像学手段.     

慢性乙型肝炎肝功能损害的DWI初步研究

目的:探讨弥散加权成像在无创性评价慢性乙型肝炎患者肝功能损害程度中的临床价值.方法:17例慢性乙型肝炎患者,其中男13例,女4例,年龄26 ～ 77岁,平均年龄42.29岁.以11例无肝病病史的正常成人作为正常对照组,其中男3例,女8例,年龄34～ 71岁,平均年龄45.5岁.对慢性乙型肝炎患者肝脏弥散加权成像中肝实质...     

磁共振电影相位对比定量肝硬化门静脉血流与肝功能分级的关系

目的 采用电影相位对比磁共振成像(Cine PC MRI)评价肝硬化门静脉高压患者门静脉血流动力学与Child-Pugh肝功能分级的关系. 资料与方法 49例肝硬化门静脉高压患者,男26例,女23例,平均年龄47.8岁;19名正常对照者,男10名,女9名,平均年龄43.5岁.按Child-Pugh肝功能分级,A级10例,B级31例,C级8例.采用Cine PC MRI对门静脉血流进行定量测量. 结果 肝硬化组按照Child A、B、C顺序,门静脉血流速度逐渐降低,组内差异具有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05);Child C级的门静脉流速与A、B级及正常组相比,流速明显减低,差异具有显著性统计学意义(P<0.01).肝硬化Child B、C级患者较正常组门静脉直径增宽、截面积明显增大(P<0.05).Child C级较B级门静脉血流量明显减少(P<0.05). 结论 Cine PC MRI监测门静脉血流动力学有助于评价肝硬化患者的肝功能、门静脉高压严重程度.     

彩色多普勒对慢性乙型肝炎患者门静脉血流动力学的检测

彩色多普勒显像技术已广泛应用于腹部血管的探查，它可通过门静脉系统血管内彩色血流显像来观察门静脉血流速度、方向及血流量，判断不同临床类型慢性乙型肝炎患者门静脉血流动力学改变，间接反映慢性乙型肝炎患者的肝损害。现将128例慢性乙型肝炎患者检测结果报道如下。     

局部血流动力学与颈动脉斑块相关性的影像技术研究

颈动脉粥样硬化是缺血性脑卒中的重要发病原因之一。局部血流动力学对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成、发展、破裂起到至关重要的作用,如低切应力促进斑块形成,高切应力诱发斑块破裂等。基于DSA、CTA及MRI获得的三维影像数据的计算流体力学分析及MR相位对比法可获得血管的血流动力学各参数指标。综合斑块的形态、成分特征及斑块周围的血流动力学特征可为临床提供更有价值的信息。     

健康宣教对慢性乙型肝炎出院患者肝功能预后的影响

慢性乙型病毒性肝炎是由乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染引起的常见慢性传染病,发病率高,且目前缺乏彻底治愈的特效药,治疗效果差,治愈率低,病死率高[1 - 2],因此,针对性健康教育对提高病人自我护理能力,降低复发率,延缓或防止并发症的发生至关重要.为巩固疗效,提高患者的生存质量,我科对150例出院患者实施健康宣教,取得了良好的效果,现报告如下.     

益欣康泰胶囊对健康人肝,肾功能的影响和对慢性乙型肝炎及肝功能异 …

目的：观察益欣康泰胶囊对健康人肝，肾功能的和对慢性乙型肝炎及肝功能异常患者的治疗效果。方法：对居住在海拔３３００ｍ地区坚持服药组资料完整的４０７例健康人和８３例慢性乙型肝炎及肝功能异常患者分别进行了服药４０天，８０天后麝香草酚混浊度试验，谷丙转氨酶，谷草转氨酶，尿素氮和乙型肝炎表面抗原的检测。     

磁共振相位对比法成像评价慢性肝病肝储备功能的初步研究

目的 探讨磁共振相位对比法成像在评价慢性肝病肝储备功能的应用价值.方法 对30例正常志愿者及60例慢性肝病病人行肝脏磁共振相位对比法成像(包括15例治疗前后的随访复查).测量并比较正常组及肝功能终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分各组间(评分<30分,30～36分,>36分3组)门脉主干平均血流速度和每分流量.结果 MELD评分<30分组与MELD评分>36分组间门静脉主干平均血流速度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余MELD评分各组及正常组两两间门脉主干平均血流速度和每分流量无显著性差异(P>0.05);治疗后门脉主干平均血流速度较治疗前增高(P<0.01),每分流量较治疗前增加(P<0.05).结论 磁共振相位对比法成像可对慢性肝病患者病肝的储备能力进行评估.     

磁共振扩散成像和门脉血流量测量在乙肝慢性肝病中的应用评估

目的 探讨扩散加权成像(DWI)和门脉血流量指标与乙肝慢性肝炎、肝硬化程度的动态变化关系.资料与方法 47例乙肝患者[6例慢性肝炎、41例肝硬化(14例Child A级,12例Child B级,15例Child C级)]及10名正常对照者进行DWI测量肝脏表观扩散系数(ADC),采用相位对比法(PC)测门静脉主干流速、每分钟流量.所有人选者同时检测血清肝纤维化标志物:透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(CIV).结果 (1)ADC3正常对照组和Child A、B、C级肝硬化差异均有统计学意义(P0.024,0.031,0.016).ADC3慢性肝炎组和Child C级肝硬化差异也有统计学意义(P=0.044).(2)Child A、B、C级肝硬化门脉流速较慢性肝炎组和正常组均显著下降(P=0.000,0.000,0.000;P=0.000,0.000,0.000).(3)门脉流速与HA、PCⅢ、CIV、LN均呈明显负相关(r=-0.545,P=0.000;r=-0.420,P=0.001;r=-0.336,P＝0.011;r＝-0.458,P＝0.000).ADC3值与HA、PCⅢ、CIV、LN呈明显负相关(r=-0.326,P=0.013;r=-0.287,P=0.031;r=-0.271,P=0.042:r=-0.334,P=0.011).ADC1值与HA、LN呈明显负相关(r=-0.362,P=0.006;r=-0.406,P=0.002).结论 DWI和门脉血流量指标能反映出慢性肝炎、肝硬化的动态变化,对肝硬化的诊断及临床治疗有重要的参考价值.     

Recanalization of Chronic Portal Vein Occlusion in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients

PurposeTo evaluate technical and clinical success and report long-term outcomes of portal vein (PV) recanalization in pediatric orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) patients with chronic PV occlusion.Materials and MethodsThis is a retrospective review of 15 OLT patients (5 males) with chronic PV occlusion who underwent PV recanalization (33 procedures) between October 2011 and February 2018. Median age was 4.5 years (range, 1–16 years); median weight was 16.6 kg (range, 11.5–57.3 kg). Median time interval from OLT to first intervention was 3.25 years (range, 0.6–15.7 years). Clinical presentations included hypersplenism (n = 12), gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 9), and ascites (n = 3). One patient had incidental diagnosis of PV occlusion. Primary, primary-assisted, and secondary patency at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months were evaluated.ResultsTechnically successful PV recanalization and reduction of PV pressure gradient to ≤ 5 mm Hg was performed in 13/15 patients (87%). Ten of 15 (67%) patients had successful recanalization with the first attempt. Clinical success, defined as improvement in signs and symptoms of portal hypertension, was achieved in 12/13 (92%) patients. Five of 33 (15%) major complications (Society of Interventional Radiology class C), including perisplenic hematoma (n = 2), hemoperitoneum (n = 2), and hepatic artery pseudo aneurysm (n = 1), were managed with pain medication and blood product replacement. Median follow-up was 22 months (range, 1–77 months). Median primary patency was 5 months. Primary patency at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months was 53.8%, 46.2%, 38.5%, and 30.8%, respectively. Primary-assisted patency was 84.6%, 76.9%, 53.8%, and 46.2%, respectively. Secondary patency was 92.3%, 84.6%, 53.8%, and 46.2%, respectively.ConclusionsPV recanalization is a safe and effective minimally invasive option in the management of chronic PV occlusion after pediatric OLT.     

Endovascular Assessment of Liver Hemodynamics in Patients with Cirrhosis Complicated by Portal Hypertension

The hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is currently considered the gold standard to assess portal hypertension (PH) in patients with cirrhosis. A meticulous technique is important to achieve accurate and reproducible results, and values obtained during measurement are applied in risk stratification of patients with PH, allocating treatment options, monitoring follow-up, and deciding management options in surgical patients. The use of portosystemic pressure gradients in patients undergoing placement of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts has been studied extensively and has great influence on decisions on shunt diameter. The purpose of this study was to describe the recommended technique to measure HVPG and portosystemic pressure gradient and to review the existing literature describing the importance of these hemodynamic measurements in clinical practice.     

Percutaneous Transsplenic Access to the Portal Vein for Management of Vascular Complication in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Purpose

To evaluate the safety and feasibility of percutaneous transsplenic access to the portal vein for management of vascular complication in patients with chronic liver diseases.

Methods

Between Sept 2009 and April 2011, percutaneous transsplenic access to the portal vein was attempted in nine patients with chronic liver disease. Splenic vein puncture was performed under ultrasonographic guidance with a Chiba needle, followed by introduction of a 4 to 9F sheath. Four patients with hematemesis or hematochezia underwent variceal embolization. Another two patients underwent portosystemic shunt embolization in order to improve portal venous blood flow. Portal vein recanalization was attempted in three patients with a transplanted liver. The percutaneous transsplenic access site was closed using coils and glue.

Results

Percutaneous transsplenic splenic vein catheterization was performed successfully in all patients. Gastric or jejunal varix embolization with glue and lipiodol mixture was performed successfully in four patients. In two patients with a massive portosystemic shunt, embolization of the shunting vessel with a vascular plug, microcoils, glue, and lipiodol mixture was achieved successfully. Portal vein recanalization was attempted in three patients with a transplanted liver; however, only one patient was treated successfully. Complete closure of the percutaneous transsplenic tract was achieved using coils and glue without bleeding complication in all patients.

Conclusion

Percutaneous transsplenic access to the portal vein can be an alternative route for portography and further endovascular management in patients for whom conventional approaches are difficult or impossible.     

慢性重型肝炎门静脉系统血流动力学变化的研究

目的探讨慢性重型病毒性肝炎门静脉系统血流动力学变化.材料和方法应用多普勒超声检测30例慢性重型肝炎患者门静脉系统血流动力学变化,并与正常组(51例)、慢性肝炎组(61例)、代偿期肝硬化组(46例)、失代偿期肝硬化组(36例)进行对照研究.结果慢性重型肝炎门静脉直径稍宽于正常组,而明显低于失代偿期肝硬化,与慢性肝炎组及代偿期肝硬化无差异;门静脉血流速度、血流量显著低于对照各组;脾脏长径、脾静脉直径较正常组和慢性肝炎组增大、增宽,但明显小于失代偿期肝硬化,与代偿期肝硬化无差异;脾静脉血流量与各组比较均没有明显增加;脐静脉重开率显著高于慢性肝炎组及代偿期肝硬化组,与失代偿期肝硬化组无差异.结论慢性重型肝炎容易形成门静脉高压,门静脉血流灌注量明显减少,造成肝脏微循环障碍.     

Portal Vein Embolization: Correlation of Future Liver Remnant Hypertrophy to Type of Embolic Agent Used

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of portal vein embolization (PVE) with different embolic agents used at our centre. Specifically, the effectiveness of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue is compared with that of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles.

TACE对有门脉主干癌栓肝癌患者肝功能的影响及疗效分析

目的　评价经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术 (TACE)对有门脉主干癌栓的肝细胞癌 (HCC)患者的肝功能的影响及其疗效分析。资料与方法　回顾分析 2 6例门脉癌栓的HCC患者 (主干癌栓 7例 ,一级分支癌栓 19例 )的TACE ,术前均采用Child Pugh评分和其他肝功能指标评价基础肝功能状态。将导管插至肝叶动脉内共行 5 7次栓塞 (仅用碘油化疗药物乳化剂 )。TACE后 3天、1周、2周和 4周分别再次评价肝功能状态。记录肿瘤缩小情况和患者生存期以评价其疗效。结果　术前所有患者的Child Pugh评分为 5 .731± 1.15 1,TACE后 3天、1周、2周和 4周均有升高 ,分别为 6 .6 92± 1.36 9、6 .6 32± 1.2 4 3、6 .4 82± 1.4 91和 6 .0 38± 1.310 ,与术前比较均有显著性差异 (P分别为 <0 .0 0 1,<0 .0 0 1,<0 .0 1,<0 .0 5 )。TACE后早期Child Pugh评分的升高主要因为血清总胆红素 (TBIL)的升高 ,后期主要与白蛋白 (ALB)的降低以及出现腹水或腹水加重有关。治疗后 8例肿瘤明显缩小 ,12例病灶稳定。 6、12、2 4个月生存率分别为 84 .6 %、4 2 .3%、3.8%。 2例死于急性肝功能衰竭。结论　对于有门脉主干癌栓的HCC ,TACE是有效的治疗方法 ,可以改善患者生存率 ,但也能明显加重肝功能的损害 ,甚至导致急性肝功能衰竭。因此超选择肿瘤供血