部分脾动脉栓塞术治疗母子二例遗传性球形红细胞增多症疗效观察

1 病例简介 患者1,女,30岁,因"反复头晕、乏力、皮肤黄染20余年"于2002-09-27入院.患者20余年前开始自觉头晕、乏力,伴皮肤、巩膜黄染,近10余年中多次检查血常规均提示贫血（具体不详）.其父母及兄妹否认贫血、黄疸史.入院查体:重度贫血貌,皮肤、巩膜明显黄染,浅表淋巴结未及肿大,肝肋下未触及,脾肋下触及3 cm,质硬,无压痛.血常规:白细胞7.2×109/L,血红蛋白43 g/L,血小板141×109/L,球形红细胞占18.0%,网织红细胞占19.5%;尿常规:尿胆原(3+);肝功能检查:乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)232.1 U/L,总胆红素 71.7 μmol/L,间接胆红素 60.4 μmol/L;肝炎病毒标记物阴性.骨髓细胞学检查:有核细胞增生活跃,粒红比值2:5,红系增生活跃,见球形红细胞,考虑溶血性贫血.红细胞渗透脆性试验:开始溶血0.60%(对照0.46%),完全溶血0.32%(对照0.28%).     

1例经皮穿刺置管联合尿激酶治疗巨大胰腺假性囊肿

1 临床资料 患者男,83岁,因间断性上腹部隐痛、腹胀伴巩膜黄染1周于2009年6月22日入院.患者于2009年6月15日开始感上腹部隐痛,无放射痛,疼痛无规律性,与进食无关系.伴有腹胀、巩膜黄染,腹胀以中上腹部明显,并呈进行性加重.入院前无畏寒、发热.入院查体:体温36.6℃,P 85次/分,血压100/60mmHg.全身皮肤及巩膜黄染,上腹部饱满,腹壁柔软,上腹部压痛,无反跳痛,Murphy征阴性,肝、脾肋下未触及,未触及包块,移动性浊音阴性,肠鸣音正常.入院后查血常规:白细胞13.7×109/L,中性粒细胞比率80.7%,红细胞3.32×1012/L,血红蛋白110g/L,血小板119×109/L.     

Dubin-Johnson综合征1例

患者,男,19岁,主因间断皮肤、巩膜黄染2年入院.缘于2年前1次大量饮酒后出现皮肤巩膜黄染,尿色似茶水样,当时无乏力、厌油、厌食及恶心、呕吐等症状,无肝区不适,无皮肤瘙痒及白陶土样便,检验肝功能:转氨酶正常,胆红素升高(60 μmol/L左右),甲、乙、丙、丁、戊肝炎病毒标志物均阴性.按黄疸待查收住院综合对症治疗,黄疸下降不明显,此后每于劳累、饮酒后加重,多次转辗于多家医院,诊断一直未明,间断服用中草药治疗,总胆红素60～150 μmol/L.既往无输血及特殊用药史,否认家族中有类似疾病患者.查体:神清,皮肤、巩膜轻度黄染,肝掌阴性,未见蜘蛛痣,全身浅表淋巴结未及肿大.心肺无异常.腹部平坦,未见腹壁静脉曲张,全腹平软,无压痛反跳痛,肝脾肋下、剑下均未及.     

超声造影、增强CT及MRI同时误诊肝血管平滑肌脂肪瘤1例

患者,男,39岁,无明显不适,因外院体检发现肝脏占位于2013年9月29日入院.体格检查:一般状况良好,全身皮肤、巩膜无黄染,肝脾肋下未触及,未触及肿大的浅表淋巴结.肝上界位于右锁骨中线第5肋间,下界于右锁骨中线肋下约5 mm,质中,无压痛叩痛.相关生化检查:肿瘤四项指标正常;直接胆红素10.26 μmol/L,间接胆红素8.93 μmol/L,谷草转氨酶139.48 U/L,谷丙转氨酶201.34 U/L;乙型肝炎六项示“小三阳”.     

β-地中海贫血伴先天性白内障一例报告

1　一般资料　患者,男,17岁,因反复尿黄、皮肤巩膜黄染17年,近加重1个月入院。患者自出生后每于发热后即出现黄疸,1～2d热退后黄疸自行消退,每年发作2～4次,胆红素最高为总胆红素(TB788.1μmol/L,DB464.3μmol/L,不伴腹痛和皮肤搔痒。出生1个月即发现先天性白内障。查体:神清,全身皮肤巩膜黄染,可见肝掌,浅表淋巴结未触及,心肺正常。腹平软,无压痛及包块,肝肋下5cm,剑突下2cm,脾肋下3cm。实验室检查:TB327.1μmol/L,DB248.7μmol/L,ALT58U/L,AST95U/L,RBC2.86×109/L,WBC3.4×109/L,Hb98g/L,PLT250G/L,网织红细胞20%,尿胆原1…     

乙型肝炎合并溶血性贫血1例

女,23岁。因HBsAsg阳性3年,巩膜皮肤黄染1月,于1990年8月13日入院。患者入院前3年查体时发现HB-sAg阳性,肝功基本正常,偶有ALT增高,亦无明显自觉症。曾间断服用护肝药。入院前1月,无明显诱因,出现巩膜及皮肤黄染,尿色加深,患者除轻度乏力外,无其它不适。体查:T 36 C,P 70 min。巩膜及皮肤轻度黄染,浅表淋巴结未触及,心肺正常,腹平软,肝肋下未及,剑下1.5 cm,质中无压痛,脾肋下未及。实验室检查:Hb 115 g/L,PC 168×10~9/L,WBC 8.1×10~9/L。肝功:总胆红素 30.3 μmol/L,1 min胆红素 8.2 μmol/L,TTT 5 U,ALT 48 U。HB-VM:HBsAg(+),抗-HBc(+),抗-HBe(+)。     

先天性胆囊缺如并急性结石性梗阻性胆管炎1例

1 病历报告 患者,女,85岁,2007年9月26日主诉右上腹阵发性绞痛10h,伴恶心、呕吐、畏寒、发热收治我科.有类似发作史2年,误认"胃病"未作检查.查体:体温38.9℃,巩膜轻度黄染,腹软,右上腹及剑突下压痛,无肌紧张及反跳痛,未触及肿块,墨菲征(一).白细胞13.1×109/L,中性粒细胞0.896,血清胆红素63.7μmol/L,直接胆红素47.6μmol/L,间接胆红素16.1μmol/L.超声示胆总管直径为1.5cm,胆囊显示不清,CT示肝内外胆管扩张,胆总管扩张直径16mm,胆总管下段见多个类圆形高密度影.     

横结肠血管瘤致下消化道出血1例

1病例资料患者,女,42岁。因"便血1周"入院,入院查体:体温36℃,脉搏57次/分,呼吸20次/分,血压141/94mmHg。皮肤及巩膜无黄染,心肺听诊无异常,腹平软,腹部无压痛及反跳痛,肝肾区无叩痛,移动性浊音(-),肠鸣音活跃。入院辅检:血常规提示:白细胞2.10×109/L,血色素82g/L,红细胞压     

急性黄疸型肝炎致AFP显著升高1例

1　病人报告患者 ,男性 ,6 0岁。因“乏力、纳差、腹胀、尿黄 1周”于 2 0 0 2 - 0 8- 0 3首次入院。查体 :皮肤中度黄染 ,肝掌、蜘蛛痣 (一 )。巩膜重度黄染 ,球结膜充血、水肿 (+)。腹平软 ,全腹无压痛、反跳痛及股紧张 ,肝、脾肋下未触及 ,肝区叩痛 (+)。实验室检查 :谷丙转氨酶 15 2 1U/L ,谷草转氨酶 90 8U/L谷氨酰转酞酶 32 5U/L ,碱性磷酸酶 2 4 3U/L ,总胆红素 175 .5 0 μmol/L ,直接胆红素 12 1.10 μmol/L ,甲胎蛋白 >4 0 0IU/mL ,凝血酶原时间 18s ,凝血酶原活动度5 7%,戊肚抗体 (+) ,甲肚抗体、HBsAg(一 ) ,腹部CT未发…     

恶性疟疾合并多器官功能损害综合征1例

患者男,48岁,因"高热7d,尿黄5d"急诊以"发热原因待查"于2011年12月11日入院.查体:神志清楚,皮肤巩膜重度黄染,肝区、肾区叩击痛(+).血常规:白细胞17.02×109/L,红细胞4.59×1012/L,血小板16×109/L;生化:天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST) 196.4 U/L,丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)76.2 U/L,总胆红素(TBil)200.1 μmol/L,直接胆红素(DBil)104.9μmol/L,白蛋白(ALB)29.9 g/L,肌酐(CREA)603.6μmol/L,尿素氮(BUN)33.8 mmol/L,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)1 129.9 U/L.入院后4h复查血常规:白细胞21.22×109/L,红细胞3.92 ×1012/L,血红蛋白111 g/L,血小板19×109/L;血生化:ALT 56.6 U/L,AST 291.4 U/L,TBil 282.3 μmol/L,DBil 161.1μmol/L,ALB 25.5 g/L,CREA 578.6μmol/L,BUN40.17 mmol/L,LDH 2344.3 U/L.入院8h出现血压下降,意识不清、抽搐,血糖低于检测下限,血气分析提示失代偿性代谢性酸中毒合并呼吸性碱中毒.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.