硅油支持眼的人工虹膜膈植入

目的 总结硅油支持眼的人工虹膜膈植入的临床效果。方法 回顾性研究11例硅油支持眼人工虹膜膈植入手术适应症，手术效果及手术并发症。结果 11例人工虹膜膈植入眼原发眼病中，7例(7／11，64％)为严重外伤眼，2例(2／11，18％)为增埴期糖尿病性视网膜病变合并牵引性视网膜脱离眼，1例(1／11，9％)为严重PVR后复发性视网膜脱离眼，1例(1／11。9％)为Coats病眼；7例(／11，64％)人工虹膜膈有效地防止了硅油接触角膜，11例人工虹膜膈植入眼。均未引起视力的进一步下降；其手术后并发症主要为低眼压和人工虹膜膈表面的纤维膜形成。结论 硅油支持眼的开放性人工虹膜膈植入可通过自然隔断，建立房水循环来维持眼压，有效地防止硅油接触角膜引起并发症。     

Long-term results of correction of high myopia with an iris claw phakic intraocular lens

PURPOSE: Anterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs) are one of the modalities used to correct high myopia. We report the long-term results of our prospective study on the Artisan 5-mm optic myopia lens. METHODS: We studied 67 eyes of 38 consecutive patients with preoperative myopia ranging from -5.38 to -28.00 D. All patients were operated by one surgeon. Mean follow-up was 35 months (24 months in 67 eyes and 36 months in 61 eyes). RESULTS: In 45 eyes (67.2%), postoperative residual refraction was within +/- 1.00 D of emmetropia. The mean refraction was stable statistically during the entire follow-up period. Mean best spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved from 20/40 to 20/32. Mean endothelial cell loss at 6 months was 5.5% (range, -52.4% to +9.3%), at 12 months, 7.21% (range, -53.2% to +20.1%), at 24 months, 9.1% (range -43.6% to +13.6%), and at 36 months, 10.9% (range, -43.0O% to +11.4%). The majority of eyes had an increase in best spectacle-corrected visual acuity; 5 eyes lost best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. We encountered no major complications. CONCLUSION: Implanting the Artisan 5-mm optic myopia lens in high myopic eyes resulted in a stable and accurate refractive outcome. The apparent progressive corneal endothelial cell loss remains a matter of concern.     

Intravitreal cilia in phakic penetrating eye injury

Background: Intraocular cilia present clinical perplexity due to their radiolucency, the extremely variable ocular response to such cilia, and the inadvisability of using MRI in cases of suspected metallic intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB). Methods: Two cases of intravitreal cilia associated with phakic penetrating eye injury are described where preoperative CT scan revealed no retained IOFB. Results: B-scan ultrasonography detected intravitreal cilia in one patient and raised this suspicion in the other. One patient presented with endophthalmitis unresponsive to intravitreal antibiotics, the other with culture-negative anterior uveitis. Both underwent vitrectomy and removal of cilia. Conclusions: Intravitreal cilia should be considered in penetrating eye injuries even in phakic eyes with no radiological evidence of IOFB, especially if associated with endophthalmitis. B-scan ultrasonography may aid detection of intravitreal cilia and thus alter clinical management.     

Cataract surgery combined with implantation of an artificial iris

We describe 6 patients who presented with cataract or aphakia and absent or nonfunctional irides. The etiologies included congenital aniridia, traumatic iris loss, and chronic mydriasis secondary to recurrent herpetic uveitis. In 5 eyes, a prosthetic iris was successfully implanted in combination with small incision cataract surgery. In 2 eyes, a single-piece iris diaphragm and optical lens was implanted. Artificial irides offer a safe alternative for patients who previously had no viable options for iris reconstruction.     

Management of monocular polyopia using an artificial iris contact lens

Monocular polyopia is a relatively uncommon symptom reported to the ophthalmic practitioner. The specific etiology can be difficult to ascertain and management options may be unsatisfactory to both patient and clinician. A case is presented of a low vision patient with monocular polyopia secondary to lenticular changes. The patient was successfully managed with an opaque, artificial iris soft contact lens.     

Exchange of a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens in a highly myopic eye

A 38-year-old woman had posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (IOL) implantation as a secondary refractive procedure to correct residual refraction (20/50 with -16.50 -1.50 x 80) in May 1998, 3 years after intrastromal corneal ring segment surgery for high myopia (-30.00 diopters). Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed an oversized lens, leading to malpositioning. Moreover, the patient remained undercorrected (20/40 with -5.25 -0.75 x 120). Ten months later, the phakic IOL was uneventfully exchanged for a shorter one with the correct dioptric power. It was well placed in the posterior chamber. The patient's visual acuity was 20/30 with -2.25 -0.75 x 145, very close to the refraction in the fellow aphakic eye (20/30 with -2.50 -0.75 x 75). Patient satisfaction with the final visual outcome was high. Accurate ciliary sulcus measurement is critical for proper phakic IOL sizing.     

Vitreous penetration of levofloxacin in the uninflamed phakic human eye

AIMS: To assess the vitreous penetration of oral levofloxacin (a new fluoroquinolone antibiotic with improved Gram positive activity) in uninflamed phakic eyes. METHODS: 15 patients for macula hole surgery were recruited to the study. 10 received a single 500 mg dose of levofloxacin by mouth preoperatively. Five acted as controls. Serum and undiluted vitreous samples were obtained at surgery and analysed by HPLC. RESULTS: Levofloxacin was detectable 2.5 hours after administration in the vitreous. A peak concentration of 1.6 microg/ml (or mg/l) was measured between 2.5 and 4 hours post-dose. CONCLUSION: Oral levofloxacin reaches the vitreous rapidly in the uninflamed phakic eye. Levels did not reach MIC(90) for the commonest infecting organisms. Nevertheless, levofloxacin would be expected to be active against a higher proportion of infecting organisms than either ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin.     

Small-incision insertion of artificial iris prostheses

In this interventional case series, a flexible iris prosthesis was implanted in consecutive patients with sight-compromising iris defects. Each prosthesis was injected via a clear corneal microincision as part of a planned combined procedure. Iris insertion was accompanied by cataract removal or implanted using an intraocular lens injector during glaucoma tube shunt placement in a pseudophakic eye. All 4 patients experienced a positive outcome that was visually beneficial. These early cases suggest that with responsible patient selection and appropriate postoperative management, flexible posterior chamber iris implants can be placed successfully, with significant visual benefit, via a corneal microincision in eyes with congenital, traumatic, or uveitic iris defects.     

Safety and effectiveness of an iris hook assisted phacoemulsification in vitrectomized eyes

AIM: To introduce a simple iris hook assisted phacoemulsification (PE) procedure and evaluate the safety and efficacy of it in completely vitrectomized eyes. METHODS: A single centre study which included 65 previously completely vitrectomized eyes of 62 patients who underwent cataract surgery. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups. Patients received PE, and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with the assistance of iris hook (SynergetiesTM) as group A (25 eyes); patients who received PE assisted with a 25G pars plana irrigation as group B (20 eyes), and patients who received PE performed without the help of any instrument as group C (20 eyes). Main outcome measures were surgery duration, Ultrasound (U/S) total time, endothelial cell density (ECD), cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) and complications of the procedures. RESULTS: With the help of iris hook, the patients in group A had the lowest ECD loss rate (0.07±0.03, 0.09±0.03, and 0.10±0.03, P<0.05), shortest CDE (12.2±4.1, 15.8±6.0, and 16.0±6.0, P<0.05) and U/S total time (36.6±13.0s, 46.3±16.4s, and 47.6±16.1s, P<0.05), and minimal incidence of complications. The longest surgery duration was in group B (19.4±1.6min) and maximum complications rate in group C (20% miosis, 10% posterior capsular tears, 5% zonular dialysis, 5% cystoid macular edema). While best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and ECD did not show a significant difference among the three groups. CONCLUSION: Without prolonged surgery duration, the iris hook assistant method can minimize heat generation during surgery and incidence of complications, which transfer the challenged PE in vitrectomized eyes into a regular surgery. It does not need any change in the hydrodynamic parameters and in the bag PE technique, easy to operate even for junior surgeons.