Social and geographical risk factors in Helicobacter pylori infection.

A correlation between childhood crowding and the later development of gastric cancer has been demonstrated by Barker and colleagues, who proposed that the relationship was the consequence of infection by an organism such as Helicobacter pylori. In order to test this hypothesis the presence of IgG antibodies to H. pylori in sera from blood donors in North Wales has been investigated. During donation sessions, donors answered questions relating to social conditions and domicile in childhood (at age 10 years) and adult life (the preceding 2 years). A stepwise logistic regression analysis of the data demonstrated significant independent relationships between seropositivity and the following factors: sharing a bed in childhood, housing density, locality of birth, adult social class and age.     

杭州6～12岁儿童口腔幽门螺杆菌感染现状及危险因素分析

目的调查杭州本地区6~12岁儿童口腔幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)感染现状,并进行危险因素分析。方法对2012-2014年因胃肠道症状首次就诊于杭州市西溪医院的380例6~12岁患儿用唾液测试板法检测口腔Hp,并对患儿家长进行问卷调查;同期因其他疾病入院的380例儿童按年龄、性别1:1匹配作为对照。结果 760名研究对象,Hp阳性人数为330名(43.6%),研究组380名患儿阳性率50.8%高于对照组36.1%(P0.05),男性患儿阳性率49.0%高于女性37.6%(P0.05);阳性率随着年龄增加升高(P0.05);Hp相关知识总知晓率20.8%,研究组总知晓率18.4%低于对照组23.2%(P0.05);不良卫生习惯(OR=2.141,95%CI=1.409~3.885)、杯筷和牙缸共用(OR=1.677,95%CI=1.284~2.873)、养宠物(OR=1.389,95%CI=1.210~1.826)是Hp感染的独立危险因素。结论 6~12岁儿童口腔幽门螺杆菌阳性率较高、知识知晓率较低,口腔卫生习惯不良、共用杯筷和牙缸、养宠物是Hp感染的危险因素。     

Environmental risk factors affecting transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in Egypt

Background

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection varies remarkably between and within populations suggesting the role of socioeconomic-related environmental factors.

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori among the studied population, to explore the effect of some environmental risk factors and lifestyle on the transmission of infection, and to study the association between this H. pylori bacterium and various noncontagious diseases.

Method

This cross-sectional study was conducted over 6 months in two Egyptian health clinics. Two hundred apparently healthy individuals from rural (Unshass) and urban (Nasr City) areas voluntarily participated in this study. A full detailed clinical assessment in the form of a questionnaire was designed for each individual to determine risk factors with specific emphasis on age, sex, and residence. The seroprevalence of H. pylori IgG antibodies was evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

In the urban group 28 subjects (28%) were H. pylori positive versus 54 subjects (54%) in the rural group. A significant relationship between H. pylori and poor sanitary conditions was detected; there was an association between H. pylori prevalence and gastric diseases, hepatic diseases, and hyperglycemia suggesting diabetes.

Conclusion

H. pylori infection was nearly twice as high in the rural group than in the urban one.     

Diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori infection in children

A Helicobacter pylori infection is usually acquired during early childhood. Poor socioeconomic circumstances form an important risk factor for this. An untreated infection may lead to peptic ulceration and, particularly in adults, to gastric cancer and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The gold standard for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection is gastroscopy with histology and culture of biopsy specimens. Non-invasive tests are serology, 13C-urea breath test and stool antigen test. The sensitivity and specificity of serology tests are low in children, but for both the 13C-urea breath test and the stool antigen test the sensitivity and specificity are high. A 'test and treat' approach is advised with due consideration for possible symptoms and the risk for peptic ulcers and gastric cancer at a more advanced age. The treatment results must be evaluated. If necessary, young children can be treated at a later age.     

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in children and their family members in a district in Turkey

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among children and their family members and to evaluate some epidemiologic characteristics. The study included 275 children, aged 1-15 year(s), suffering from different gastrointestinal complaints. Blood serology and stool antigen testing were used for the diagnosis of infection due to H. pylori. Sixty-five (23.6%) of the 275 children were positive for H. pylori, and this positivity had a significantly increasing correlation with age (p<0.001). H. pylori-associated infection was observed among 45 (69.2%) and 17 (8%) mothers in the H. pylori-infected and non-infected groups respectively (p<0.0001). Most children and their families infected with H. pylori were living in an urban area. The findings suggest that infection due to H. pylori is a problem for this district area, and all children having any gastrointestinal complaints should be examined whether H. pylori was prevalent among their family members.     

Prevalence and possible risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection among children attending Damanhour Teaching Hospital

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major cause of gastrointestinal disease in children. The factors influencing the acquisition and prevalence of H. pylori infection remain incompletely understood. In the present study, the prevalence and possible risk factors of H. pylori infection were studied among children aged 1.5-16 years who were attending the pediatric outpatient clinic of Damanhour Teaching Hospital. Blood samples were drawn and IgG seroprevalence of H. pylori among the studied children was determined using ELISA kits. A specially designed questionnaire inquired about personal, socioeconomic, household characteristics, feeding history during infancy and the child's health data was completed for every child. Results revealed that the overall seroprevalence of H. pylori infection was 50.5 %. The prevalence was widely age dependent: it was 60.6% among those age > or = 5 years and only 25.9% among those < 5 years (OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 1.6-11.9). Increased crowding in bed was also an associated factor; the prevalence among children where > or = 3 share a bed was 59.7% compared to only 26.9% among those where < 3 persons share a bed (OR = 4.1; 95% CI = 1.5-10.9). The prevalence among children who were breast fed for < 1 year was 64.7% compared to only 42.4% among those who were fed for > or =1 year (OR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.1-5.9). After controlling for possible confounding in a Stepwise Multiple Logistic Regression model, independent predictors for H. pylori infection were: increasing age (> or = 5 years), overcrowding in bed (> or = 3/ bed) and shorter duration of breast-feeding (< 1 year) during infancy. It could be concluded that, H. pylori was highly prevalent among the sampled children and the possible risk factors are related to the community. So, there is a need to early diagnose, treat and eradicate infection during childhood to prevent its complications during adulthood.     

体检人群幽门螺杆菌感染状况及影响因素分析

目的 探讨体检人群幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染状况,分析其影响因素,为制定Hp感染防护措施提供依据。方法 采用简单随机抽样方法对2018年6月至2019年5月期间在北京市某医院体检中心进行健康体检人群进行抽样,对抽中的人群进行问卷调查、尿素[¹³C]散剂呼气试验和血生化指标检测。采用描述流行病学分析方法对该人群Hp感染情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对Hp感染影响因素进行分析。结果 本研究共对 1 058名体检人群进行调查,调查人群中男女性别比为1∶0.9,年龄以30~59岁为主,占45.94%,文化程度以高中/中专为主,占38.00%。检出Hp阳性者338例,阳性率为31.95%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄越大（OR=3.097）、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）异常（OR=3.662）、有饮酒习惯（OR=4.484）者Hp阳性风险越大,Hp知识认知水平高者（OR=0.163）Hp阳性检出风险越小。结论 该体检人群Hp阳性检出率较高,年龄、饮酒行为、Hp知识水平、Hcy异常等与Hp感染有关,应根据人群感染特征制定相应防护措施,降低Hp感染风险。     

消化内科住院患者幽门螺旋杆菌感染情况

目的 对消化内科住院患者幽门螺旋杆菌（Hp）感染情况及其影响因素进行分析,为更好地干预Hp感染相关疾病提供依据。方法 以2018—2019年在郑州市某医院消化内科住院的所有≥18岁患者为研究对象,收集患者年龄、性别、学历、居住地、职业等信息,并对患者在入院次日进行¹⁴C呼气试验检查,采用描述流行病学分析方法对结果进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对Hp感染影响因素进行分析。结果 2018—2019年郑州市某医院消化内科住院患者共2 763例,根据纳入标准和排除标准并完成¹⁴C呼气试验检查者2 589例。其中男性1 441例,女性1 148例,年龄18~87岁,平均（56.08±16.80）岁。消化内科住院患者以上消化道疾病为主,占68.91%,主要病种为慢性胃炎、肝硬化和消化性溃疡,分别占43.18%、15.33%、14.48%,检出Hp阳性694例,阳性率为26.81%。居住地为城市（OR=1.528）、年龄越大（OR=1.861）、职业为农林牧渔（OR=2.787）、生产运输（OR=3.766）、商业服务（OR=3.480）、机关事业人员（OR=1.998）、专业技术人员（OR=2.056）、病种为慢性胃炎（OR=2.678）、肝硬化（OR=2.617）、消化性溃疡（OR=4.600）、功能性胃肠病（OR=1.881）、结肠息肉（OR=2.787）、胃癌（OR=7.135）、结肠癌（OR=2.617）、肝癌（OR=1.992）的患者Hp阳性可能性较大。结论 消化内科住院患者Hp感染率较高,居住地、年龄、职业、病种不同的患者Hp感染率不同,可针对不同特征患者加强Hp的监测,尽早对症治疗。     

幽门螺旋杆菌感染与冠心病危险因素的关系

目的 观察幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)感染与冠心病(CHD)的关系及对危险因素的影响,探讨CHD可能的发病机制.方法 入选确诊的CHD患者126例(其中急性冠脉综合征51例,慢性心肌缺血综合征75例),均详细记录并核实其性别、年龄、合并高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、家族史、饮酒史和吸烟史等情况,并于入院第2天通过碳14呼气试验(尿素酶试验)检测空腹HP感染情况,同时测定血浆中纤维蛋白原(FIB)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,并作统计学分析.结果 急性冠脉综合征患者HP阳性率明显高于慢性心肌缺血综合征(64.71％vs36.00％,P＜0.01);CHD各类型危险因素中,吸烟者HP阳性率明显高于不吸烟者(x2=8.11,P＜0.01).结论 HP感染可能与CHD发病有关,很可能是CHD的重要危险因素,合并HP感染的CHD患者易于发生急性冠脉综合征,吸烟者可能易于发生HP感染.     

成都地区居民幽门螺杆菌感染现状及危险因素分析

目的了解成都地区居民幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)的感染情况及其危险因素。方法对来我院做健康体检的成都地区居民行血清Hp-IgG抗体检测,同时测量研究对象身高、体重、腰围、血压,并记录生活习惯情况。采用多因素logistic回归分析Hp感染相关危险因素。结果共计纳入47 035例成都居民,人群Hp总阳性率为37.2%,其中男、女性Hp阳性率分别为37.9%、36.4%,男女差异有统计学意义(X²=10.55,P=0.001)。随着BMI的增加,Hp阳性率逐渐升高(X²=62.42,P<0.001)。年龄小于70岁体检者的Hp阳性率随着年龄的增加而增加(X²=248.06,P<0.001)。少数民族、吸烟、饮酒体检者的Hp阳性率高于汉族、非吸烟、不饮酒体检者(P值均<0.05)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示:年龄增大(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.56～1.81)、BMI≥24(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.11～1.45)或腹型肥胖(OR=1.07,95%CI...     

Prevalence of and risk factors for helicobacter pylori infection in school children in mexico

PURPOSE: This study examined the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in school children from an urban area in Northwest Mexico and attempted to identify the risk factors that predispose children to infection in the community.METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 1997/98 in the poorest socio-economic sectors of the city of Hermosillo, Sonora, among 178 children aged 9 and 10 years. H. pylori status was determined in children by the accurate and safe non-invasive 13C-urea breath test. Family socio-demographic/socio-economic status and living conditions data were elicited from parents by interview via structured questionnaires and/or direct observation.RESULTS: The overall prevalence rate of H. pylori infection for the children in Hermosillo as determined by this study was 47.1%. The overall prevalence rate of H. pylori infection was not found to be related to either gender (p = 0.531) nor to the two age groups (p = 0.483). It was not related to child's birthplace (p = 0.291) even after controlling for age and gender. However, the overall prevalence of infection was strongly and significantly associated with the parent's birthplace; rural-born mother (p = 0.028) and rural-born father (p = 0.029). There was a noticeable lack of statistical association with the presence of animals at home (p = 0.988) and with direct contact with indoor/outdoor animals for study children (p = 0.099). When all of the explanatory variables that were significant in the bivariate analysis were fitted into a direct logistic regression model, the same strong effect of father's birth place (rural setting), number of siblings (>/=3 per family), type of main water supply (one tap in the yard) and the sharing of bed by the study child were observed as potential risk factors for acquiring the infection.CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that high prevalence rate of H. pylori infection observed on study children seems to depend on factors related to poor living conditions, particularly (but not exclusively) number of children, ruralism (rural-born father), the sharing a bed in childhood and type of main water supply (one tap in the yard).     

Prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection among healthy 3- to 5-year-old Israeli Arab children

We determined the prevalence and risk factors of H. pylori infection among 197 healthy 3- to 5-year-old Israeli Arab children, in a population under socioeconomic and environmental transition. Data on the socioeconomic and environmental characteristics were obtained by personal interviews. The presence of H. pylori infection was identified using an ELISA kit for detection of H. pylori antigens in stool specimens. The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection was 49.7% (95% CI 42.8-56.67). It varied significantly among the different villages. In the univariate analysis stratified by village, the risk of infection increased according to household crowding, number of siblings younger than 5 years and siblings' H. pylori positivity. In the multivariate analysis the village of residence and siblings' H. pylori positivity were the only variables that remained strongly associated with H. pylori infection. In a population such as that described in this study the socioeconomic and living conditions are major risk factors of H. pylori infection and the intra-familial transmission of H. pylori in early childhood has an important role.     

健康儿童幽门螺杆菌感染现状的调查

目的 了解健康儿童人群中幽门螺杆菌(Hp)的感染现状及分布特征,为Hp感染的健康管理提供依据.方法 对2011年1月-2012年10月医院健康体检的1850名健康儿童以性别和年龄进行分组,通过抽取全血用胶体金法检测Hp抗体,并进行统计分析.结果 1850名健康儿童中Hp感染者235名,占12.7％,其中男童105名,阳性率为12.3％,女童130名,阳性率为13.1％,差异无统计学意义;农村儿童的感染率明显高于城区儿童,分别为15.1％和10.8％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在年龄分布以0～3岁学龄前儿童感染率最低,为6.8％,4～12岁学龄期至青少年期儿童随年龄增长,感染率也逐渐增高,在10.9％～17.4％.结论 儿童Hp感染率高,并随年龄增长感染率呈递增趋势,农村儿童感染率显著高于城区,与性别无关,预防和控制Hp感染不容忽视.     

反复腹痛患儿幽门螺杆菌感染的影响因素分析

目的:探讨反复性腹痛患儿幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染相关因素,为预防幽门螺杆菌感染提供依据。方法:选择反复慢性腹痛患儿196例,利用13C-尿素呼气试验及HP粪便抗原检测确定反复腹痛儿童Hp感染情况,此两种检测均阳性者作为病例组,阴性者作为对照组;采用统一编制的调查表收集被调查者的相关资料。结果:196例反复腹痛患儿中感染HP 85例(病例组),感染阳性率为43.4%。单因素分析两组在年龄、病程、居住地的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而男女性别构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);是否与家人同睡、母亲文化程度、其他照顾者是否有胃病史均与HP感染有关(P<0.05)。经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析,控制混杂因素后结果仍显示性别、是否与家人同睡、其他照顾者胃病史有无3个因素与感染有关,即性别为女性、独睡、被除父母外无胃病史的其他照顾者照看的儿童HP感染的危险性降低。结论:此次调查显示反复腹痛儿童HP感染与性别、是否与家人同睡和其他照顾者胃病史有关联。     

武汉市公务员幽门螺杆菌感染及其相关因素调查分析

目的 调查武汉地区公务员的幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染情况,对其相关因素进行评价,并探讨防治幽门螺杆菌感染的对策.方法 选择2012年湖北省新华医院体检中心健康体检的武汉地区公务员2975人作为调查对象,使用14C呼吸试验检测该人群Hp感染率,其检查值＞100为阳性,＜100为阴性,并调查分析Hp感染特征和影响因素.结果 武汉地区公务员Hp感染率平均为42.38％,46～59岁组女性最高,为46.05％;＞75岁老年组男性最低,为38.38％;31～45岁组偏高,＞75岁组偏低;46～59岁组、60～74岁组接近平均水平,各年龄组感染率差异有统计学意义,而年龄、性别组间差异均无统计学意义;家庭及个人生活习惯与Hp感染有显著相关性,其中生食蔬菜、水果未洗等是Hp感染的危险因素;分析Hp感染与胃病史及治疗的关系发现,有胃病无治疗组的Hp感染率高于无胃病组,而有胃病已治疗组的Hp感染率最低,差异有统计学意义.结论 武汉地区公务员的Hp感染率明显低于我国平均的Hp感染率,Hp感染率与性别、年龄无相关性,生活和饮食习惯及胃病史为影响其感染的主要因素;健康体检人群中Hp感染较为常见,应引起足够重视,对体检人群进行Hp感染的健康管理至关重要.     

性别间和家庭聚集的幽门螺杆菌感染的Meta分析

目的：综合分析并探讨幽门螺杆菌感染情况，方法：运用Meta分析方法对幽门螺杆菌性别间和家庭聚集的研究进行综合定量分析，结果：性别间幽门螺杆菌感染率有细微差别（95％CI：0．0579－0．0963）；父母均阳性子女幽门螺杆菌感染率较父母均阴性者为高（95％CI：0．3378－0．5042）。结论：幽门螺杆菌感染率存在性别差异和家庭聚集现象，幽门螺杆菌流行病学研究涉及很多方面，但均缺乏足够调查和证据。尚需进一步研究。     

学龄儿童幽门螺杆菌感染状况调查及其危险因素分析

目的 研究本地区有消化道症状的学龄儿童幽门螺杆菌感染率及其相关危险因素。方法 对2010年8-2013年8月就诊于内蒙古医科大学附属医院有消化道症状的498例学龄儿童行¹⁴C尿素呼气试验检测幽门螺杆菌感染情况;采用调查问卷的方法对学龄儿童的生活方式进行问卷调查分析。结果 本地区学龄儿童幽门螺杆菌感染率为30.32%;进行多因素非条件的Logistic回归分析结果显示人均居住面积小、父母有胃病史、家庭经济收入低、与大人共用刷牙口杯、养宠物、爱啃手指、喜吃零食等是学龄儿童幽门螺杆菌感染的重要危险因素。结论 学龄儿童幽门螺杆菌感染率高, 应加强学龄儿童卫生知识的宣传和教育工作, 使其养成良好的卫生饮食习惯, 对预防幽门螺杆菌感染有重要意义。