老年混合痔患者自动痔疮套扎术、吻合器痔上黏膜环切术和改良外剥内扎术的疗效对比

目的对比自动痔疮套扎术(RPH)、吻合器痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)及改良外剥内扎术治疗老年性混合痔的临床疗效。方法 120例老年混合痔患者分为3组,每组40例,分别予RPH、PPH及改良外剥内扎术治疗。观察术后疼痛程度、愈合时间、内痔回缩和术后并发症情况。结果 3组治疗效果满意。在疼痛程度、愈合时间、术后并发症方面RPH组优于另外两组。结论RPH治疗老年性混合痔,疗效满意,具有较好的安全性,耐受度高,适合老年患者。     

腹腔镜盆底修复直肠悬吊联合痔上粘膜环切术治疗直肠粘膜内脱垂的长期疗效评价

目的评价腹腔镜盆底修复直肠悬吊联合痔上粘膜环切术治疗直肠粘膜内脱垂的长期临床疗效。 方法2008年2月至2009年9月选择接受治疗的直肠粘膜内脱垂患者98例,根据采用手术方式的不同分为2组,A组(n＝52)实施痔上粘膜环切术,B组(n＝46)实施腹腔镜盆底修复直肠悬吊联合痔上粘膜环切术。在术前、术后的1年、3年、5年分别对2组患者便秘程度及术后临床疗效、复发例数、并发症情况进行评价。 结果术后5年B组便秘程度并未逐渐加重,2组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组复发例数与A组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),2组I－III级并发症比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论腹腔镜盆底修复直肠悬吊联合痔上粘膜环切术治疗直肠粘膜内脱垂长期疗效确切,是一种安全的术式,具有创新性。     

直肠粘膜内脱垂的诊治进展

直肠粘膜内脱垂(Rectal internal mucosa pmlapse)亦肠粘膜内套叠，是指在排便过程中近侧直肠粘膜层脱入其远侧肠腔或肛管内，但不超出肛缘。在大便排出后持续存在者。是引起功能性出口型便秘的常见病因之一，近年由于影像学的发展，此病的诊治水平有了较大的提高。     

用圆形吻合器行PPH治疗直肠黏膜脱垂疗效观察

目的评价采用圆形吻合器治疗直肠黏膜脱垂的安全性和可行性。方法38例直肠黏膜脱垂患者（直肠黏膜内脱垂20例,直肠黏膜外脱垂合并痔脱出18例）,均采用圆形吻合器行经肛门直肠黏膜环切术（PPH）治疗。结果环切黏膜圈完整35例,不完整3例。术后随访2～8个月,手术效果满意,直肠黏膜脱垂无复发,2例6个月后仍便血。结论圆形痔吻合器经肛门直肠黏膜环切术是治疗直肠黏膜脱垂的有效方法。     

经肛门三点式直肠粘膜组合结扎加肛门紧缩术治疗直肠脱垂

为探索手术治疗成人直肠全层脱垂途径 ,针对直肠脱垂的发病特点 ,我们设计了经肛门三点式直肠粘膜组合结扎加肛门紧缩术 ,经临床实践证明效果满意 ,现报告如下。临床资料 :本组直肠脱垂患者 2 15例 ,男 188例、女性 2 7例 ,年龄以 16～ 30岁最多 ,病程 1～ 5 0年。主要表现为大便时直肠全层脱出肛门 ,其中合并粘液血便 48例、腹泻 10例、肛门部坠胀 75例、肛门不完全性失禁 1例。伴神经衰弱 14例 ,胃炎、胃溃疡 2 2例 ,子宫脱垂 2例 ,高血压、心肌梗死 3例 ,其它肛门病患者 15例。发病原因为腹泻、痢疾后发病者 6 7例 ,幼年病后 15例 ,便秘 …     

经肛吻合器直肠部分切除术治疗重度脱垂性痔病的临床研究

目的评估经肛吻合器直肠部分切除术治疗重度脱垂性痔病的安全性及有效性。 方法2013年10月至2015年4月,运用经肛吻合器直肠部分切除术治疗重度脱垂性痔病48例。记录所有患者手术相关指标、围手术期并发症、住院时间及患者满意度,判断总疗效。 结果48例患者全部顺利完成手术,手术时间平均23.5 min;切除标本宽度平均4.8 cm、体积9.6 ml;26例术中吻合口出血行跨吻合口"8"字缝扎,平均缝扎1.7个点。术后17例出现排尿障碍,其中11例予以药物口服,6例留置导尿。术后当日疼痛评分2.5分,首次排便疼痛评分3.8分;肛门坠胀感评分2.9分;肛门控便功能,术后7天,CCF-FIS评分平均2.3分。住院时间平均7.2天。术后6个月患者满意度9.8分;随访31.3个月,无痔核脱出发生,总有效率100%。 结论经肛吻合器直肠部分切除术治疗重度脱垂性痔病是安全、有效的。     

RPH治疗痔疮的研究进展

自动痔疮套扎吻合术（RPH）作为一种治疗从痔疮传统方法发展而来的创新性手术方法,适用于各期内痔患者,具有无创、无痛、操作简单等优点。本文在查阅中外文献的基础上,对RPH在发展过程中存在的问题和困惑逐一进行回顾和分析,以便于RPH术式在肛肠领域能够科学地普及。     

老年女性直肠前突合并直肠内脱垂118例的治疗体会

1996年2月～2006年10月我们对118例直肠前突合并直肠内脱垂的老年女性患者，采用经直肠行直肠前突修补术、直肠内脱垂注射术治疗，取得了满意的效果。     

PPH治疗老年女性直肠前突伴直肠黏膜内脱垂

直肠前突伴直肠黏膜内脱垂在临床上十分常见。我院自2006年1月起,应用吻合器痔上黏膜环切术（PPH）加直肠前壁柱状缝合治疗直肠前突伴直肠黏膜内脱垂,疗效显著,并发症少。现将治疗方法及体会报告如下。     

经内镜痔上直肠黏膜套扎治疗内痔并脱出112例临床观察（含视频）

目的 评估经内镜痔上直肠黏膜套扎（super-hemorrhoidal banding,SHB）治疗内痔并脱出的安全性和有效性。方法 对2019年6月—2020年6月黔东南苗族侗族自治州人民医院收治的112例Ⅱ~Ⅲ度内痔患者进行SHB治疗。随访时间超过6个月。前瞻性观察SHB治疗内痔并脱出的疗效,术中、术后并发症及满意度。结果 共112例内痔患者接受SHB治疗,其中Ⅱ度74例（66.1%）,Ⅲ度38例（33.9%）。患者手术均成功,术中无肛门疼痛、出血等症状。术后出现不同程度肛门坠胀感,持续2~24 h后症状消除。5例Ⅲ度内痔患者术后出现排尿困难,局部热敷刺激膀胱后得到改善;1例Ⅲ度内痔患者术后第14天便血,在出血溃疡处再次套扎治疗出血停止。患者均完成随访,术后1个月随访,均无出血、疼痛、感染、狭窄等并发症。18例Ⅲ度内痔患者术后仍有部分痔脱出,但无出血等其他症状,其中6例患者再次行SHB治疗后无痔脱出。全部患者完成术后6个月随访,无并发症发生,调查患者满意度为100.0%。结论 SHB是一种有效、安全、简便的内镜下治疗内痔合并脱出的方法。     

Stapled transanal rectal resection versus stapled anopexy in the cure of hemorrhoids associated with rectal prolapse. A randomized controlled trial

Purpose A remarkable incidence of failures after stapled axopexy (SA) for hemorrhoids has been recently reported by several papers, with an incomplete resection of the prolapsed tissue, due to the limited volume of the stapler casing as possible cause. The stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) was demonstrated to successfully cure the association of rectal prolapse and rectocele by using two staplers. The aim of this randomized study was to evaluate the incidence of residual disease after SA and STARR in patients affected by prolapsed hemorrhoids associated with rectal prolapse. Methods Sixty-eight patients were selected on the basis of validated constipation and continence scorings, clinical examination, colonoscopy, anorectal manometry, and defecography and randomized: 34 underwent a SA and 34 a STARR operation. The operated patients were followed-up with clinical examination, visual analog scale for postoperative pain, a satisfaction index, and defecography. Results At a mean follow-up of 8.1 +/− 2.0 and 7.9 +/− 1.8 months for the SA and STARR groups, respectively, the incidence of residual disease was significantly higher in the first group (29.4 vs 5.9 in the STARR group, p = 0.007), while a significantly lower incidence of residual skin-tags was found after STARR (23.5% vs 58.8 after SA, p = 0.03). All patients with residual disease showed prolapsed tissue over half the length of the anal dilator at the time of the operation. Operative time and incidence of transient fecal urgency were significantly higher in the STARR group (with p = 0.001 and 0.08, respectively), while SA was followed by a significantly higher incidence of poor results at the overall patient satisfaction index (p = 0.04). No significant differences were found in hospital stay, operative complications, postoperative pain, time to return to normal activity, continence, and constipation scores. All the defecographic parameters significantly improved after STARR, while SA was followed only by a trend to a reduction of rectal prolapse. Conclusions STARR provides a more complete resection of the prolapsed tissue than SA in patients with association of prolapsed hemorrhoids and rectal prolapse with equal morbidity and significantly lower incidence of residual disease and skin-tags. The anal dilator can be used for selecting the surgical technique.     

TST联合外剥内扎术与单纯外剥内扎术治疗中重度混合痔的疗效观察

目的观察选择性痔上粘膜切除术（tissue-selecting therapy,TST）联合外剥内扎术治疗混合痔的临床疗效。 方法选取山西省中医院2014年1月至2015年12月间收治的中重度混合痔患者60例,随机分为治疗组（30例）和对照组（30例）,治疗组采用选择性痔上粘膜切除术（TST）联合外剥内扎术,对照组采用传统的单纯外剥内扎术。观察两种术式治疗混合痔的效果,比较两种术式术后并发症等情况。 结果治疗组与对照组疗效差异无统计学意义,在术后伤口疼痛（χ²=22.50,P<0.01）、伤口水肿（χ²=10.76,P=0.001）、尿潴留（χ²=4.32,P=0.038）及住院时间（t=73.50,P<0.01）方面差异有统计学意义,在术后伤口出血方面差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.80,P>0.05）。 结论两组治疗效果相似,但治疗组在术后伤口疼痛、伤口水肿、尿潴留及住院时间方面有明显优势。     

内镜下三种微创方案治疗内痔的疗效及安全性评价

为了评价内镜下内痔治疗的安全性和有效性, 对中国科学技术大学附属第一医院2018年1月—2020年6月行内镜下治疗且有完整随访资料的166例Ⅰ～Ⅲ度内痔病例进行了回顾性总结, 其中单纯硬化组35例、单纯套扎组104例、套扎联合硬化组27例。结果显示:3组术后均未出现严重并发症, 单纯套扎组和套扎联合硬化组术后肛门疼痛发生率[分别为35.6%(37/104)和33.3%(9/27)]和肛门坠胀感发生率[分别为70.2%(73/104)和70.4%(19/27)]均较高, 但一般均可耐受或经简单处理后缓解;出院前, 3组的患者满意度均达90%以上, 手术接受程度均达95%以上;3组术后3个月时的治疗有效率均在90.0%以上, 术后12个月时的治疗有效率均有不同程度下降, 其中单纯硬化组的治疗有效率最低[74.3%(26/35)], 其他2组的治疗有效率仍能维持在85.0%以上。由此可见, 内镜下微创治疗内痔是一种安全有效的治疗方法, 具有有效改善症状、患者术后满意度和手术接受程度高等特点。     

直肠黏膜环切术治疗直肠前突30例疗效观察

目的观察直肠黏膜环切术(PPH)治疗直肠前突的临床疗效。方法将60例直肠前突患者随机分为治疗组30例,采用PPH术;对照组30例,采用经直肠切开修补术(Sehapayah法)。观察两组患者治愈率及术后并发症。结果治疗组与对照组治愈率分别为70.0%和43.3%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后排空困难、会阴膨出感的发生率治疗组低于对照组(P0.05或0.01)。结论治疗直肠前突PPH术与传统经直肠切开前突修补术相比,具有手术操作简单、术后并发症少、恢复时间短、安全性高等优点。     

Long-term outcome of rubber band ligation for symptomatic primary and recurrent internal hemorrhoids

PURPOSE: Rubber band ligation therapy for symptomatic hemorrhoidal disease has been used for many years and is a well-accepted treatment modality, but information on long-term outcome is limited. Our goals were to determine safety and long-term efficacy of this treatment.METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing rubber band ligatures for symptomatic internal hemorrhoids in a single practice was conducted. Information on presenting symptoms, number of bands applied, response to therapy, complications encountered, length of follow-up, interval to recurrent symptoms when applicable, and subsequent therapy were documented. Supplemental information was obtained from telephone follow-up. Outcome was categorized as success or failure, in which success was defined as: permanent relief of symptoms for follow-up period; marked improvement in symptomatology with rare manifestation of bleeding (1/month); symptom relief for a limited period of time (100 days), and failure was defined as: modest improvement (decreased but not relief of symptoms); or no improvement in symptoms.RESULTS: A total of 805 patients underwent 2,114 rubber band ligatures. Most common presenting symptoms were bleeding in 731 patients (90.8 percent) and prolapsing in 382 patients (47.5 percent). The median number of bands placed was two (range, 1–17). The median time between bandings was 4.7 (range, 1.1–35.6) weeks. Median follow-up time was 1,204 (range, 14–9,571) days. Excluding 104 patients lost to follow-up (never returned after initial treatment), success was obtained in 70.5 percent (494/701) and failure in 29.5 percent (207/701) of patients. Success rates were similar for all degrees of hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoidal disease requiring the placement of four or more bands was associated with a trend in higher failure rates and greater need for subsequent hemorrhoidectomy. Complications per treatment series included bleeding (2.8 percent), thrombosed external hemorrhoids (1.5 percent), and bacteremia (0.09 percent). Higher bleeding rates were encountered with the use of acetylsalicylic acid/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and warfarin. Time to recurrence was less with subsequent treatment courses. Treatment of recurrent symptoms with rubber band ligation resulted in success rates of 73.6, 61.4, and 65 percent for first, second, and third recurrences respectively. This resulted in a cumulative success rate of 80.2 percent for this method of treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Rubber band ligatures are safe and effective therapy for symptomatic internal hemorrhoids. It can be used to treat all degrees of hemorrhoids with similar effectiveness. The likelihood of success is lower if more than four bands are needed to eliminate symptoms. The use of acetylsalicylic acid/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and warfarin is associated with higher bleeding rates. Rubber band ligatures for recurrence of symptoms is effective; however, time to recurrence is less with subsequent treatments.Read at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, New Orleans, Louisiana, June 21 to 26, 2003.     

吻合器痔上黏膜C形切除钉合术治疗环状脱垂痔的临床观察

目的探讨吻合器痔上黏膜C形切除钉合术（TCT）在治疗环状脱垂痔的临床应用价值。 方法回顾分析黄冈市中医医院肛肠科自2015年6月至2016年6月共收治116例环状脱垂痔的临床资料,随机分组：实验组采用TCT（TCT组,60例）,对照组采用常规PPH（PPH组,56例）,两组患者均采用同型号一次性肛肠吻合器,TCT组使用本科设计C形术式撑肛器,对照组使用常规的PPH组件。将两组患者在一般临床资料、术中及术后各方面情况进行分析对比。 结果TCT组的手术时间（20.1±6.3 min）少于PPH组（25.2±6.9 min）,差异有统计学意义（t=2.10,P=0.004）;TCT组的术中出血量（6.5±1.2 ml）少于PPH组（13.6±2.6 ml）,差异有统计学意义（t=2.21,P=0.001）;TCT组的疼痛持续时间（1.5±0.4 h）短于PPH组（5.0±0.6 h）,差异有统计学意义（t=2.05,P=0.000）;TCT组的住院时间（6.1±0.6 d）少于PPH组（6.9±0.5 d）,差异有统计学意义（t=1.78,P=0.002）;TCT组的吻合口继发大出血（0%）少于PPH组（8.9%）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.010）;TCT组的吻合口狭窄（0%）少于PPH组为（8.9%）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.010）;TCT组的肛门坠胀（1.7%）少于PPH组（14.3%）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.014）;TCT组的尿潴留（5%）少于PPH组（21.4%）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.011）。 结论TCT组在手术时间、术中出血量、疼痛持续时间、住院时间、吻合口继发大出血、吻合口狭窄、肛门坠胀、尿潴留等情况要优于常规PPH组,对环状脱垂痔的治疗,可以采用TCT代替PPH,值得临床推广应用。