大豆苷元对运动训练大鼠抗氧化作用的影响

目的：研究大豆苷元对运动训练大鼠抗氧化作用影响。方法：大鼠游泳运动训练后测定血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）和全血血红蛋白（Hb）的含量并进行分析。结果：与安静组比较，运动训练组SOD活性出现适应性升高，而MDA含量有显著性升高。给药＋训练组大鼠与训练组比较，SOD活性、Hb含量显著升高，MDA含量显著下降。结论：大豆苷元具有清除运动产生的脂质过氧化物和提高Hb含量的作用。     

大豆苷元对运动训练大鼠自由基代谢的研究

目的：研究大豆苷元对运动训练大鼠自由基代谢的影响。方法：30只SD大鼠随机分为安静组、运动训练组、溶剂对照组、药物组和药物＋运动训练组。大鼠游泳运动训练给药4周后,颈椎脱臼处死,测定心、脑、肝等组织中的SOD的活性和MDA的含量。结果：大豆苷元、大豆苷元＋运动训练组对大鼠心、肝等组织中SOD活性显著升高;大鼠心、脑、肝等组织中MDA含量显著下降。结论：大豆苷元对运动训练大鼠具有清除体内脂质过氧化物,改善大鼠体内异常的过氧化状态,减轻对机体的过氧化损伤的作用。     

兰州百合粗多糖抗氧化作用研究

目的研究兰州百合粗多糖的抗氧化作用。方法 40只健康大鼠随机分成安静组和训练组,2组又分设对照组和实验组。服药组大鼠短期连续服用兰州百合粗多糖10g/kg.d,5周后大鼠力竭游泳造成疲劳,测定血清SOD、血清MDA、血清CAT等指标及力竭游泳时间。结果服药组大鼠短期连续服用兰州百合粗多糖后,运动能力明显提高,血清超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）的活性有显著性升高,血清丙二醛（MDA）、血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）含量均有显著性降低。结论兰州百合粗多糖具有较强的抗氧化作用。     

运动训练期间不同时间常压吸氧对小白鼠血清SOD、MDA的影响

目的探讨运动训练期间不同时间常压吸氧对小白鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。方法 100只昆明种小白鼠,随机分为非运动训练组、运动训练不吸氧组、运动训练前吸氧组、运动训练后吸氧组、运动训练前后均吸氧组共五组,每组20只。除非运动训练组外,其余各组每天进行30 min的无负重游泳训练,在运动训练前、后不同时间给予吸入一定量的氧气或不吸氧。运动训练后第21d清晨,每组各取10只,测血清SOD、MDA含量;另外10只进行游泳力竭运动,运动后取血,测量血清SOD、MDA。结果在安静状态下运动训练后的各组血清SOD活力均高于非运动训练组(P<0.05或P<0.01),运动训练不吸氧组和运动训练前吸氧组SOD活力低于运动训练后吸氧组(P<0.01);经运动训练不吸氧组和运动训练后吸氧组,其血清MDA含量高于非运动训练组和运动训练前吸氧组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。力竭运动后,经过运动训练之后不管吸氧与否,其血清SOD活力均高于非运动训练组和运动训练前吸氧组(P<0.05或P<0.01);运动训练前吸氧组的MDA含量低于运动训练不吸氧组或运动训练后吸氧组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。除运动训练后吸氧组外,非运动训练组的MDA含量均高于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论运动训练期间,于运动训练前吸入一定量的氧气,可减轻自由基的损伤,延缓运动性疲劳的发生,但运动训练后吸氧可能会引起自由基损伤。     

二十八烷醇制剂对运动性疲劳大鼠生化及心肌抗氧化指标影响研究

目的:探讨二十八烷醇制剂对运动性疲劳大鼠生化及心肌抗氧化指标的影响。方法:以运动性疲劳大鼠为模型,测定大鼠血糖、血乳酸、血尿素氮、血睾酮(T)、皮质酮(C)水平、心肌SOD活性、MDA含量及计算T/C比值。结果:和运动疲劳组相比,补充二十八烷醇制剂组大鼠血糖显著升高,血乳酸、血尿素氮显著降低;T、T/C比值显著增高,心肌SOD活性显著增强,MDA含量显著降低,且效果优于丙酮酸-肌酸组。结论:二十八烷醇制剂在提高运动性疲劳大鼠血糖水平,抑制蛋白分解,提高血清睾酮水平及防止心肌损伤等方面具有重要作用,是一种理想的抗运动疲劳营养补剂。     

增力祛疲口服液对大鼠运动性疲劳的作用

目的：探讨增力祛疲口服液抗运动性疲劳作用的机制。方法：将30只雄性SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组、疲劳对照组和口服液组，每组10只，选用游泳训练导致大鼠运动性疲劳模型，用组织学观察、生化测定和细胞化学分析等方法，研究3组大鼠骨骼肌组织结构和线粒体中脂质过氧化物（LPO）、Ca^2＋、K^＋含量以及血清中睾酮（T）、皮质醇（C）、T／C值、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、肌红蛋白（Mb）的变化。结果：与正常对照组比较，疲劳对照组大鼠血清中T／C值、SOD、Mb和线粒体中Ca^2＋、K^＋均降低，而血清MDA和线粒体LPO升高（P〈0．05）；与疲劳对照组比较，口服液组大鼠上述指标均改善。结论：该药有利于骨骼肌组织疲劳后的功能恢复，有增强抗疲劳的作用，     

基于肝功能评价不同游泳训练周期复制运动性疲劳模型的研究

目的研究不同游泳训练周期对大鼠肝功能的影响,从肝功能角度评价采用不同游泳训练周期复制运动性疲劳大鼠模型的效果。方法选用40只SD大鼠随机均分为空白组、运动7 d组、运动14 d组、运动21 d组和运动28 d组共5组,每组8只,空白组大鼠给予正常饮食,不参与运动训练,其他各组大鼠分别进行游泳训练7、14、21、28 d,每天训练2次,每次15 min,间隙10 min。在实验最后1天断头取血,检测血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）含量;取同部位适量肝组织,测定肝总抗氧化能力（T－AOC）活性、肝丙二醛（MDA）含量、肝乳酸（LA）含量、肝乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性和肝葡萄糖（Glu）含量。结果与空白组比较,游泳训练7、14、21、28 d组血清ALT和AST含量均显著升高,尤其是运动21、28 d组升高更显著（P＜0．01）;游泳训练7、14、21、28 d组肝T－AOC活性和MDA含量均显著升高（P＜0．01）,其中游泳训练21、28 d组T－AOC活性升高更显著,而28 d组MDA含量升高最显著（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）;游泳训练7、14、21、28 d组,肝LA含量和LDH活性均显著增加,而肝糖原含量均显著降低,其中游泳训练21、28 d组肝LA含量升高更显著,游泳运动28 d组LDH活性增加最显著（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）,游泳训练14、21、28 d组肝糖原含量降低更显著（P＜0．01）。结论以运动性疲劳状态下肝功能损伤为评价标准,本研究造模方法可成功复制运动性疲劳大鼠模型,但造模效果以21 d和28 d更为稳定。     

有氧运动锻炼对心肌梗死后大鼠氧化应激及心肌重塑的影响

目的 探讨早期有氧运动对心肌梗死(心梗)后大鼠心肌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)以及心肌重塑的影响.方法 通过结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支制作急性心梗模型,1周后将存活大鼠随机分为耐力运动组(E组)和未运动组(N组),另设假手术组(S组).运动组行游泳锻炼6周.6周后超声检测各组大鼠心功能,并检测心肌SOD、MDA及光镜和电镜下心肌形态结构.结果 与假手术组相比,运动组和未运动组心肌SOD明显下降,MDA明显上升,SOD/MDA明显下降,心肌结构紊乱,心功能明显下降;而运动组较未运动组.心肌SOD明显上升,MDA明显下降,SOD/MDA明显上升,心肌形态结构有所改善,心功能好转.结论 早期有氧运动锻炼可提高心梗后大鼠心肌抗氧化能力,改善心室重构.保护心功能.     

何首乌饮对过度训练大鼠血液指标的影响

目的：研究中药何首乌饮对过度训练大鼠血液指标的影响。方法：75只SD大鼠随机分为5组：安静对照组、安静何首乌饮组、模型组、何首乌饮治疗组和何首乌饮预防组,每组15只大鼠。采用负重力竭游泳训练复制过度训练大鼠模型。采用智能化免疫化学发光方法检测大鼠血清睾酮含量、血清尿素氮含量、血乳酸浓度。结果：模型组大鼠与安静对照组大鼠相比,血清睾酮含量明显降低,血清尿素氮含量、血乳酸浓度明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;何首乌饮治疗组、预防组大鼠与模型组大鼠比较,血清睾酮含量明显升高,血清尿素氮含量、血乳酸浓度明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：何首乌饮可明显改善过度训练大鼠血生化指标,表明其具有一定的抗疲劳作用。     

牛蒡子对运动大鼠糖代谢、血睾酮及运动能力的实验研究

目的:建立运动动物模型,探讨补充牛蒡子对运动大鼠运动能力的影响,为将其用于运动员的膳食中提供参考依据.方法:以24只雄性大鼠为实验对象,分成安静组、训练组和服药组,通过跑台力竭实验,采用轻度麻醉后眼眶采血,制备血清测ALT、AST、LDH活性和BUN、Glue含量及全血测Hb值.结果:服用牛蒡子药液组的大鼠力竭时间延长24. 43%,可以仰制体重下降趋势,肌糖原(P＜0.05)、血糖(P＜0.05)和血睾酮(P＜0.01)的变化较安静组、训练组有显著性上升.结论:本试验的数据表明大强度的训练可导致血清睾酮水平下降,而服用牛蒡子提取物可以升高血清睾酮的含量,从而增加了肌糖原的储备,延长大鼠的运动至力竭的时间,具有抗疲劳作用,能提高运动能力,可作为运动保健食品.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.