颈前路椎体间关节自体旋转植骨的临床研究

颈前路扩大减压术后需取自体髂骨行椎体间关节融合，为减少取骨量，缩短手术时间，对４７例病人１０３个间隙分别进行椎体间关节旋转植骨及自体髂骨植骨，采用自体对照，对植骨块的稳定性、椎间隙宽度的变化、植骨块的愈合时间及取骨处残留的症状进行比较，结果：椎间关节旋转植骨组与自体髂骨植骨相比，植骨块的稳定性、愈合时间及椎间隙宽度变化经统计学处理两组无明显差异，而椎体间关节旋转植骨组仅有１例取骨部残留疼痛，较自体     

后路腰椎椎体间旋转复位加椎弓根螺钉固定治疗腰椎滑脱症63例

目的探讨后路腰椎椎体间旋转复位,椎体间自体髂骨植骨融合术加椎弓根治疗腰椎滑脱症疗效。方法回顾性分析收治的采用后路腰椎椎体间旋转复位、椎体间自体髂骨植骨融合椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗腰椎滑脱症患者63例临床资料,对滑脱椎体复位率,临床效果及并发症进行统计。结果手术时间220-320min,平均260min;出血量270-1200ml,平均550ml;术中硬脊膜撕裂2例,神经损伤1例,手术前后滑脱角、腰椎生理前凸角和椎间隙高度有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。失随访5例,对随访58例患者评价,手术前后ODI和VAS评分有显著性提高。根据Bridwell标准,53例获I级骨性愈合,5例为II级,骨愈合时间为4-8个月,平均6.2个月;无内固定物松动、脱出或断裂。术后与随访时比较滑脱角、腰椎生理前凸角和椎间隙高度指数无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论采用后路腰椎椎体间铰刀旋转复位、自体髂骨椎间植骨融合加椎弓根螺钉固定治疗腰椎滑脱症能有效矫正腰椎生理曲度,骨性融合率高。     

SF系统复位自体髂骨块椎间融合治疗腰椎滑脱

目的　探讨SF椎弓根螺钉系统与自体髂骨块椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱的方法。方法　对 15例腰椎弓峡部裂伴椎体滑脱患者的椎管及神经根管行彻底减压 ,应用SF系统对滑脱椎体行复位固定 ,自髂嵴后部取带三面皮质髂骨块嵌入椎间植骨融合。结果　全部病例术后随诊 6～ 18个月 ,平均 14个月 ;滑脱复位 90 %～ 10 0 % ;4个月后均达骨性愈合 ,无固定螺钉松动、拔出、断裂及复位椎体再滑移现象。结论　SF椎弓根螺钉系统对滑脱椎体复位完全 ,固定牢靠 ,带三面皮质髂骨块行椎间植骨支撑力强 ,融合率高 ,是治疗腰椎滑脱有效和可靠的方法     

经后路自体髂骨椎间植骨椎弓根固定治疗峡部裂型腰椎滑脱42例疗效分析

目的观察经后路椎体间融合(Posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)自体髂骨椎体间植骨结合椎弓根固定治疗峡部裂型腰椎滑脱的临床疗效。方法对42例腰椎滑脱症患者采用PLIF自体髂骨椎体间植骨结合椎弓根螺钉复位内固定治疗,采用Nakai评分标准评价治疗效果。通过随访进行疗效评定。结果 42例患者随访1～6年,术后滑脱椎体平均复位率为92.5%,术后平均椎间隙高度为10.2mm,较术前增加5.2mm;植骨融合率为95.2%,平均融合时间6个月;临床症状按Nakai标准:优34例,良6例,可2例。结论经后路自体髂骨椎体间植骨结合椎弓根固定治疗峡部裂型腰椎滑脱,植骨融合率高,临床效果满意。     

不同颈椎前路融合术植骨相关并发症分析

目的 分析比较3种不同颈椎前路融合术植骨相关并发症情况.方法 回顾分析92例的因颈椎间盘突出导致脊髓型颈椎病而行颈椎前路减压植骨术的患者的植骨相关并发症情况.结果 6例单纯植骨术患者2例发生植骨块脱出,1例发生融合节段假关节形成,1例发生髂骨供区疼痛;21例椎体间自体髂骨植骨内固定术患者6例发生椎间高度丢失,3例发生髂骨供区疼痛;65例椎体间钛网植骨融合内固定术患者11例发生内植物下沉,椎间高度丢失,1例发生内固定断裂.结论 单纯植骨术因外固定时间长、并发症多目前较少使用,自体髂骨植骨内固定术存在植骨吸收和供区并发症的缺点;椎体间钛网植骨融合内固定术解决了供区并发症的问题,但仍存在钛网下沉、椎间高度丢失的缺点,要注意适应症的选择和规范的操作.     

颈椎椎体间植骨治疗颈椎外伤性滑脱

目的 分析和探讨颈椎椎体外伤性滑脱的有效治疗方法.方法 1999年6月～2004年9月采取自体髂骨移植融合不稳定椎间隙的方法治疗颈椎椎体外伤性滑脱,共收治病人16例,其中8例行手术治疗,全部得到随访,效果良好.结果 按照odom标准评定,优6例,良3例,无植骨块脱出,半年后复查X线椎间隙融合满意,达到骨性愈合的目的,收到满意的临床治疗效果.结论 颈椎椎体间植骨治疗颈椎外伤性滑脱临床疗效显著.     

GSS内固定加椎体间植骨融合治疗腰椎节段性不稳34例疗效观察

目的探讨采用GSS内固定加椎体间植骨融合方法治疗腰椎节段性不稳的疗效。方法采用GSS内固定加自体髂骨块椎体间植骨融合方法治疗腰椎节段性不稳定患者34例,随访观察患者的椎体融合时间、融合率及症状缓解程度,并结合文献对比和评价。结果所有病例均获得1-3年随访,优良率为94.1%。结论采用自体髂骨单纯作椎体间植骨在融合时间、融合率及症状缓解程度方面与椎间融合器差异无统计学意义,改进手术方法和手术技巧可以有效避免融合高度的丢失并保证融合效果。     

自体椎板骨块作为椎体间融合材料在椎弓根钉内固定治疗椎体滑脱症中的应用

目的 探讨自体椎板骨块作为椎体间融合材料在椎间融合加椎弓根钉内固定治疗椎体滑脱症的疗效.方法 应用椎弓根螺钉后,采用椎板骨作为植骨材料行后路椎体间植骨融合术患者65例,在后路充分减压时,将病变节段的整块(或尽量大块)椎板和棘突取出,把椎板骨修剪成三面皮质骨的骨块及颗粒骨块;切取椎间盘组织并清理上下终板软骨面,处理植骨床,先植入小块的颗粒骨,再从纤维环切开处嵌入大块骨,复位固定钉棒系统.结果术后65例均得到随访,平均随访时间17个月,植骨融合良好,滑脱椎体复位无丢失,椎间隙高度维持良好,无断钉、断棒现象.结论应用椎弓根内固定同时采用病变节段自体椎板骨作为植骨材料进行椎间融合治疗椎体滑脱,既能提高椎间融合率,避免异位取骨创伤,减少并发症的出现,又能降低医疗费用,是一种值得推广的治疗方法.     

后路自体髂骨椎体间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床研究

目的:探讨自体髂骨椎间植骨融合内固定术治疗腰椎滑脱症的手术方法及临床疗效.方法:26例腰椎峡部裂伴椎体滑脱或腰椎退行性变滑脱所致腰椎失稳症病人行后路减压内固定自体髂骨椎体间植骨融合术.结果:随访26例(6～38月),12～18个月椎体间骨性融合,无神经根及马尾神经损伤,无植骨块脱落.stauffer-coventry下腰椎术后疗效评定标准,优17例,良3例,可1例,经X线片或CT复查椎间达骨性融合,无内固定松动、断裂、无复位度数丢失,无椎间塌陷.结论:经后路减压内固定自体髂骨植骨融合是治疗腰椎滑脱症的理想方法.具有植骨量大、融合率高、费用低、椎间高度丢失少、操作简单,疗效肯定.     

病灶彻底切除椎间融合治疗脊柱结核

目的观察病灶切除椎体间植骨融合治疗脊柱结核的疗效。方法全组78例,手术采用病灶彻底切除一期椎体间植骨融合,使用自体肋骨22例、髂骨44例、髂骨加肋骨12例。结果平均随访5.5年,优良率为98.7%,植骨融合率为97.4%,术后后凸畸形成角为5°-62°,平均22°。结论病灶彻底切除椎体间一期植骨融合,有利于恢复脊柱的即刻稳定性,骨融合率高,可纠正及预防脊柱后凸畸形,减少晚期腰背痛的发生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.