妊娠中晚期焦虑水平调查及相关因素分析

目的:了解中晚期妊娠妇女的焦虑状况,探讨其影响因素,为做好产前心理咨询提供一定依据。方法:采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和孕妇专用调查问卷,对100名妊娠中晚期孕妇进行调查。结果:26%的孕妇存在焦虑情绪,其中不良生育史、受教育程度、职业、孕周、有无出现过身体不适、有无妊娠合并症以及与公婆的关系对妊娠中晚期孕妇焦虑有影响(P0.05)。结论:部分妊娠中晚期孕妇在一定程度上存在焦虑情绪,要加强对相关的孕妇进行健康教育和产前心理疏导,加强孕期健康教育工作,缓解孕妇心理压力,以促进孕妇身心健康。     

高危妊娠孕妇家庭复原力对产前抑郁的影响：妊娠压力的中介作用

目的 探讨高危妊娠孕妇家庭复原力对产前抑郁的影响,验证并分析妊娠压力在高危妊娠孕妇家庭复原力和产前抑郁间的中介作用.方法 采用方便抽样的方式,选取浙江省某三级甲等专科医院312例高危妊娠孕妇为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、家庭复原力问卷、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、妊娠压力量表进行调查,使用Pearson相关分析对家庭复原力、产前抑郁、妊娠压力进行相关分析,并建立路径关系模型.结果 高危妊娠孕妇家庭复原力问卷总分为(74.49±11.27)分,爱丁堡产后抑郁量表总分为(11.57±5.25)分,抑郁检出率为28.5％,妊娠压力量表总分为(61.66±14.62)分;Pearson相关分析结果显示,高危妊娠孕妇家庭复原力与产前抑郁水平呈负相关(r=-0.301,P<0.05),妊娠压力与产前抑郁水平呈正相关(r=0.325,P<0.05);结构方程模型显示,家庭复原力不仅会直接影响孕妇产前抑郁水平,还会通过影响妊娠压力来影响产前抑郁水平(直接效应估计值为-0.42,中介效应估计值为-0.18,总效应估计值为-0.60).结论 妊娠压力在高危妊娠孕妇家庭复原力和产前抑郁之间起中介作用,护理人员应帮助孕妇家庭提高复原力水平、降低妊娠压力来改善孕妇产前抑郁状况.     

妊娠中晚期妇女睡眠状况及其影响因素研究

目的:调查妊娠中晚期妇女睡眠质量现况并分析其相关影响因素。方法:便利抽样选取2018年9—12月就诊于福州某三甲医院产科门诊的孕妇277例作为研究对象,采用孕期基本情况调查表、匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PSQI)、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)来调查其睡眠质量及分析影响因素。结果:妊娠中晚期妇女PSQI总分为(6. 38±2. 79)分,抑郁、焦虑和不良孕产史是妊娠中晚期妇女睡眠质量的主要影响因素(P 0. 05)。结论:妊娠中晚期妇女睡眠质量普遍不高,抑郁、焦虑和不良孕产史是主要因素,产科医护人员要注重睡眠的健康宣教,提供针对性的睡眠咨询,改善孕妇的睡眠质量。     

孕妇产前抑郁状况与人格、妊娠压力的相关性研究

目的:探讨孕妇产前抑郁状况与人格、妊娠压力的关系。方法:采用妊娠压力量表、艾森克人格简式量表(EPQ-RSC)、贝克抑郁自评量表(BDI)对西安市某医院546名孕妇进行调查。对收集到的数据进行t检验、方差分析、相关分析和多元回归分析。结果:西安市孕妇产前抑郁检出率为64.5%;产前抑郁组与正常组孕妇在妊娠压力、人格中的内外倾及神经质方面存在显著性差异(P0.05);妊娠压力、压力源1、压力源2、压力源3、其他压力源、神经质与产前抑郁呈显著正相关(P0.05),内外倾、掩饰性与产前抑郁成负相关(P0.05);神经质人格、妊娠压力及内外倾人格对产前抑郁有显著影响。结论:神经质、妊娠压力、内外倾是影响产前抑郁的关键因素。     

“全面二孩”政策下孕晚期孕妇抑郁状况及其与不同情绪调节策略的关系

目的:通过对孕晚期孕妇抑郁与情绪调节策略的现况调查,了解孕晚期孕妇抑郁与情绪调节策略的现状,探讨孕晚期孕妇抑郁水平与情绪调节策略的关系,为改善孕晚期孕妇的抑郁状况提供参考依据。方法:对山东省济南市某三级甲等医院产科病房孕晚期孕妇进行调查,并将其分为初产妇组和经产妇组,分别采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)、情绪调节问卷(ERQ)和反刍思维量表(RRS)施测,采用SPSS 21. 0软件进行数据分析,分析孕晚期孕妇抑郁发生状况及其与不同情绪调节策略之间的关系。结果:孕妇自怀孕起到孕晚期分娩时的身体质量指数(BMI)变化情况(△BMI),初产妇组显著高于经产妇组(P 0. 05);受教育水平越高的孕妇抑郁水平显著低于受教育水平低的孕妇(P 0. 05);经产妇组中,高龄孕妇的平均抑郁得分显著低于非高龄孕妇的抑郁得分(P 0. 05);孕晚期孕妇的抑郁水平与重新评价呈现负相关(P 0. 05),与反刍呈现正相关(P 0. 01);重新评价负向预测抑郁水平(P 0. 001),反刍正向预测抑郁水平(P 0. 001)。结论:孕晚期孕妇的抑郁水平与不同的情绪调节策略有着密切关系,本研究为进一步探讨及改善孕晚期孕妇的抑郁状况提供了一定的依据。     

妊娠晚期孕妇产前抑郁情绪对分娩恐惧的影响亲密关系和分娩自我效能的链式中介作用

目的 探讨妊娠晚期孕妇亲密关系和分娩自我效能在产前抑郁情绪与分娩恐惧(FOC)间的作用机制。方法 2022年6-9月采用一般资料调查问卷、亲密关系满意度问卷(QRI)、简化分娩自我效能量表(CBSEI-C32)、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)及分娩态度问卷(CAQ)对238例妊娠晚期孕妇进行调查。结果 238例妊娠晚期孕妇分娩恐惧得分为(31.18±8.86)分,产前抑郁情绪得分为(8.50±3.79)分。产前抑郁情绪、FOC、亲密关系和分娩自我效能之间均存在显著相关性(P<0.01)。中介效应分析表明,产前抑郁情绪能直接预测FOC,直接效应占总效应的58.40%,还能通过亲密关系的中介作用、分娩自我效能的中介作用及亲密关系和分娩自我效能的链式中介作用影响FOC,中介效应分别占总效应的14.11%、17.35%、10.13%。结论 在未来的孕期保健工作中,护理人员需重视并干预孕妇的产前抑郁情绪,增进夫妻间的亲密关系,提高孕妇分娩自我效能,进而降低其FOC。     

家庭功能和孕期生活事件对孕晚期“二孩”孕妇的影响

目的 了解孕晚期“二孩”孕妇产前抑郁情绪现状,探讨其与家庭功能、孕期生活事件之间的相关性。方法 选取2018年7月—10月在长沙市某三级甲等医院产科门诊定期产检的306例孕晚期“二孩”孕妇作为研究对象,采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷和孕期生活事件量表进行调查。结果 36.3%的孕晚期“二孩”孕妇产前存在抑郁情绪,其中7.5%存在严重抑郁情绪。孕期生活事件总分、孕期主观生活事件、孕期客观生活事件OE2和OE3与抑郁情绪呈正相关（P<0.05）,家庭功能总分及各维度与抑郁情绪呈负相关（P<0.01）。多元逐步回归分析显示,文化程度、妊娠合并症、家庭亲密度、孕期主观生活事件和孕期客观生活事件OE3是孕晚期“二孩”孕妇产前抑郁情绪的影响因素。结论 部分孕晚期“二孩”孕妇产前存在不同程度的抑郁情绪,尤其是低文化程度、有妊娠合并症、家庭亲密度较差和发生重大孕期生活事件的孕妇产前存在抑郁情绪的概率较高,医护工作者应当采取有效的措施减少“二孩”孕妇产前抑郁情绪。     

二胎孕妇妊娠压力与产前抑郁的关系:正念的中介作用

目的:探讨正念在二胎孕妇妊娠压力与产前抑郁之间的中介效应。方法:2018年4月1日～10月31日,选取长沙市某医院产科门诊198名二胎孕妇,采用妊娠压力量表(PPS)、正念觉知量表(MAAS)和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)进行调查,利用中介效应检验法来研究各变量之间的效应关系。结果:本研究中二胎孕妇PPS得分(15.64±12.40)分,MAAS得分(59.43±10.45)分,EPDS得分(8.20±3.40)分;妊娠压力与产前抑郁呈正相关(P0.01)、与正念呈负相关(P0.01),正念与产前抑郁呈负相关(P0.01);妊娠压力对产前抑郁起直接正向预测作用(直接效应值=0.333),正念在妊娠压力对产前抑郁的影响中起部分中介作用(中介效应值=0.100),占总效应的23.1%。结论:医护人员在二胎孕妇的产前教育中,应重视妊娠压力对产前抑郁的影响,设置相关正念课程来缓解妊娠压力,提高正念水平,从而减少产前抑郁的发生。     

反刍思维对护士抑郁程度的影响

目的了解反刍思维对护士抑郁水平的影响。方法采用一般资料调查问卷、反刍思维量表、抑郁自评量表对258名临床护士进行问卷调查。采用描述性统计、Pearson相关分析以及多元逐步回归等方法对数据进行统计分析。结果 258名护士反刍思维量表得分(41.91±9.79)分,抑郁自评量表得分(43.49±4.71)分;多元逐步回归分析显示护士护龄、学历、反刍思维是护士抑郁的主要影响因素;Pearson相关分析显示,抑郁与护士年龄、护龄、婚姻、职称、学历以及反刍思维各维度呈正相关(P0.05)。结论护士存在反刍思维的倾向,抑郁程度多处于轻微至轻度状态,护龄长、学历高、容易反思消极事件所带来的负性情绪是使护士抑郁的影响因素。     

自我效能感在妊娠压力和产前抑郁关系中的中介效应

目的探讨孕妇的自我效能感在妊娠压力和产前抑郁关系中的中介效应。方法 2015年10月至2016年1月,便利抽样选取产科门诊接受产检的289名孕妇,运用妊娠压力量表(pregnancy pressure scale,PPS)、一般自我效能感问卷(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(Edinburgh postpartum depression scale,EPDS)进行调查,利用中介效应检验法来研究各变量之间的效应关系。结果孕妇承受的妊娠压力普遍处于中等水平;妊娠压力对产前抑郁水平具有直接影响;自我效能感在妊娠压力对产前抑郁的影响过程中具有中介作用,中介效应占总效应的8.44%(均P0.05)。结论孕妇的自我效能感在妊娠压力对产前抑郁的影响中起到部分中介作用,对妊娠期妇女的心理护理应以减轻妊娠压力为导向,以自我效能理论为基础,通过提高孕妇的保健知识和自我认知水平,来全面改善孕妇的心理健康状况。     

广东省孕妇妊娠期焦虑情绪现状及特点分析

目的 了解广东省孕妇在妊娠期焦虑情绪现状,分析其危险因素和保护因素,为有针对性地开展该特殊人群的情绪调节与干预提供参考.方法 采用自编的一般资料问卷、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)、简易应对方式问卷(simple coping style questionnaire,SCSQ)对广东省6所三级甲等医院共799名孕妇进行调查.结果 广东省6所三级甲等医院799例孕妇焦虑情绪发生率为35.7%.Logistic回归分析提示,半职工作状态以及自身为独生子女是该地区孕妇焦虑发生的危险因素(OR=1.754、2.356);社会支持良好和积极应对方式是孕妇焦虑发生的保护因素(OR=0.486、0.131).结论 广东省孕妇妊娠期焦虑情绪值得关注,尤其需重视半职工作及身为独生子女的孕妇;提高妊娠期孕妇的社会支持力量,鼓励其多采取积极应对方式,可作为下一步制定有针对性焦虑情绪干预的措施依据.     

待产孕期妇女抑郁状况及其影响因素调查

目的探讨待产孕期妇女抑郁状况及其影响因素,为临床心理干预提供依据。方法对2522名待产孕期妇女在孕32周时采用自制一般资料调查表和流调中心用抑郁量表进行测评分析。结果初中文化程度,家庭经济状况较差,有孕早期阴道出血、呕吐及发热的待产孕期妇女在孕晚期发生抑郁的风险显著增加（P〈0．05或0．01）。结论文化水平、经济状况、孕早期不良生理症状与待产孕期妇女孕晚期的抑郁情绪存在显著关联。     

Associations of dietary intake and plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid with prenatal depressive symptoms in Japan

The association between depression and omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid, continues to gain focus. In this study, we examined whether dietary intakes and plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid were associated with depressive symptoms during pregnancy. Healthy Japanese women with singleton pregnancies were recruited at a university hospital in Tokyo between 2010 and 2012. The depressive‐symptom group included participants with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores greater than eight. Of the 329 participants, 19 (5.8%) had depressive symptoms. Lower plasma docosahexaenoic acid concentration was significantly associated with prenatal depressive symptoms. Women with depressive symptoms had a higher rate of pregnancy‐associated nausea than those with non‐depressive symptoms (52.6% vs 28.7%, respectively). Although we adjusted for the presence of pregnancy‐associated nausea, dietary fatty acid intake was not associated with depressive symptoms in the multiple logistic regression analyses. Further large studies would be required to examine any preventive effect of dietary fatty acid intake on depressive symptoms among pregnant women.     

Depression and stress in Korean parents: A cohort study

AimThis study identified the level of depression and stress in couples experiencing pregnancy and childbirth.BackgroundMarried couples who experience pregnancy and delivery, deal with psychological changes during the parenthood transition. If they do not adapt well, they experience negative emotions that negatively affect them and their child. Therefore, the incidence and changing patterns of depression among couples need to be explored.MethodsUsing a prospective cohort study design, the researchers collected the couples' depression and stress levels 6 times. This study included 219 prenatal pregnant women, 181 spouses during pregnancy in the prenatal period, 178 postpartum mothers, and 125 spouses after childbirth. The levels of depression and stress were investigated using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Perceived Stress Scale.ResultsThe incidence rate of prenatal depression was 10.5– 21.5% in pregnant women and 10.5–12.7% in their spouses. After childbirth, the incidence rate of depression was 21.3– 32.0% in postpartum women and 6.4–10.4% in their spouses. The levels of depression and stress varied from the prenatal to the postpartum period, showing different patterns between women and their spouses. Significantly, the emotional patterns in the couples were different as far as parity was concerned.ConclusionsThe levels of depression and stress in couples continuously changed during the prenatal and postpartum periods and the patterns differed as well. Even couples who experience a healthy pregnancy and childbirth experience negative emotional changes. Therefore, timely nursing management will alleviate stress and depression not first-time by first-time parents.     

综合干预措施对产妇抑郁的影响评价

目的探讨产妇抑郁的发生及其影响因素,观察综合干预措施对降低产后抑郁发生率的作用。方法将1210例孕妇随机分为干预组(实施干预措施)和对照组,每组各605例,采用医院焦虑-抑郁自评量表、艾迪产后抑郁量表进行产前产后跟踪调查至,并进行对比分析。结果两组产前医院焦虑-抑郁情绪自评量表评定焦虑抑郁发生率无显著性差异(P>0.05);有焦虑情绪者产后抑郁发生率为54.10%,有抑郁情绪者产后抑郁发生率为56.36%,有焦虑-抑郁情绪者产后抑郁发生率成倍增加;干预组产后抑郁发生率为5.12%,对照组产后抑郁发生率为14.22%,两组差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。结论孕期焦虑-抑郁情绪是发生产后抑郁的最主要因素,综合干预措施能够显著降低产后抑郁的发生率。提示,加强对孕产妇及其家属进行产前、产时、产后宣教,能有效预防产后抑郁的发生。     

Lean on me: Effects of social support on low socioeconomic‐status pregnant women

This study identified how close relationships are related to low‐income pregnant women's ability to cope and overall health. Previous research has shown that stress during pregnancy is related to long‐term negative physical and psychological health outcomes for both the mother and the infant. Lower socioeconomic status has been related to higher morbidity and mortality across the lifespan. Women typically rely on close relationships for social support to help reduce stress. However, stress levels can be elevated when women engage in co‐rumination. Co‐rumination is defined as excessive problem discussion with negative‐affect focus. Thirty‐one low‐income pregnant women from central Oklahoma, USA, reported their daily stressors, social support, communication habits with friends and family, and general health in a series of questionnaires at a prenatal visit. The results revealed that daily stressors, co‐rumination with friends, and the relationship with the baby's father were related to physical pain and depressive symptoms. The results suggested that specific social support dynamics, such as co‐rumination, during pregnancy have implications for the health of low‐income mothers and their infants.     

珠三角地区初次妊娠孕妇抑郁情绪状况调查及特点分析

目的了解珠三角地区初次妊娠孕妇抑郁情绪状况,并分析其影响因素。方法2018年3—12月,便利抽样法选取珠三角地区5个城市共5所三级甲等医院门诊产检的491名初次妊娠孕妇为研究对象.采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(Edinburgh postpartum depression scale,EPDS)、应对方式问卷(simplified coping style questionnaire,SCSQ)以及自编孕妇一般资料调查表对其进行问卷调查。按照EPDS得分将其分为抑郁组和无抑郁组,分析其影响因素。结果初次妊娠孕妇抑郁情绪发生率为33.8%,居住地、是否为意外怀孕、积极应对方式得分、消极应对方式得分是抑郁的主要影响因素(OR=0.592,0.572,0.243,3.482)。结论初次妊娠孕妇群体抑郁情绪发生率较高,医护人员应重视对初次妊娠孕妇、农村孕妇情绪调节相关知识的健康教育。     

Prenatal examination behavior of Southeast Asian pregnant women in Taiwan: a questionnaire survey

BACKGROUND: There is growing concern about the factors affecting the prenatal examinations of immigrant women. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between the knowledge of pregnancy, attitude toward pregnancy and experience of medical services, and prenatal examination behavior of pregnant Southeast Asian women in Taiwan. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study with a structured questionnaire administered to participants. SETTING: Participants were recruited from the community health centers in Kaohsiung County, Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS: The sampling criteria were as follows: each subject was to (a) have come from a Southeast Asian country, (b) be over 28 weeks pregnant to less than one year postpartum, (c) be able to communicate either in Mandarin or Taiwanese, and (d) be willing to participate in the research after hearing an explanation of it. As a result, 140 participants were recruited. A total of 132 participants completed the questionnaire and were used for data analysis. METHODS: The participants completed structured questionnaires, which included the Demographic Inventory Scale, Knowledge of Pregnancy Scale, Attitudes toward Pregnancy Scale, Experience of Medical Services Scale and the Prenatal Examination Behavior Scale. RESULTS: Findings show that 80.3% of the subjects attended their first-time prenatal examination during the first trimester and 59.1% of the subjects evaluated their prenatal examinations as being adequate. Their attitude toward childbearing was significantly correlated with their prenatal examination behavior, including the initial time of prenatal examination and frequencies of prenatal examinations during pregnancy. Positive attitudes toward childbearing and prenatal examination, and the number of years spent in Taiwan were all significant predictive factors of frequencies of prenatal examinations during pregnancy. The findings of this study can not only help healthcare professionals understand the prenatal examination behavior and related factors of the participants, but also provide guidance to healthcare professionals as they assist these pregnant Southeast Asian women in Taiwan in developing childbearing and family plans. CONCLUSION: The attitude toward childbearing of the participants was significantly correlated with their prenatal examination behavior. They require professional help in seeking out appropriate medical services that will improve their healthcare quality during pregnancy.     

PI、RI联合sFh-1/PLCF检测对妊娠中晚期孕妇子痫前期的预测价值

目的探讨子宫动脉血流阻力联合可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体-1(sFh-1)、胎盘生长因子(PLCF)的比值检测对妊娠中晚期孕妇子痫前期的预测价值。方法收集2016年2月至2020年2月在本院治疗的106例中晚期孕妇子痫前期患者的临床资料(轻度子痫前期56例,重度子痫前期50例)设为观察组,选取同期在本院孕检的正常妊娠孕妇80例设为对照组。对比观察组、对照组及轻度子痫前期组、重度子痫前期组孕妇阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)值及sFh-1/PLCF水平,以Logistic回归模型分析影响妊娠中、晚期孕妇发生子痫的危险因素,采用ROC曲线分析PI、RI联合sFh-1/PLCF检测对妊娠中晚期孕妇发生子痫前期的预测价值。结果观察组孕妇RI、PI、sFh-1/PLCF水平均显著高于对照组孕妇,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度子痫前期孕妇RI、PI、sFh-1/PLCF水平均显著高于轻度子痫前期孕妇,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。初孕、高血压、糖尿病、PI、RI、sFh-1/PLCF为影响中、晚期孕妇发生子痫的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。PI、RI、sFh-1/PLCF及三者联合曲线下面积分别为0.748、0.763、0.739、0.919,联合检测最高。结论孕中晚期孕妇PI、RI、sFh-1/PLCF水平明显高于正常妊娠期孕妇,测定孕妇外周血sFh-1/PLCF水平,可提高子宫动脉血流阻力指数监测在孕期子痫前期预测中的价值。