共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Derwin King Chung Chan David A. Keatley Tracy C.W. Tang James A. Dimmock Martin S. Hagger 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(3):238-244
Objectives
This preliminary study examined whether implicit doping attitude, explicit doping attitude, or both, predicted athletes’ vigilance towards unintentional doping.Design
A cross-sectional correlational design.Methods
Australian athletes (N = 143; Mage = 18.13, SD = 4.63) completed measures of implicit doping attitude (brief single-category implicit association test), explicit doping attitude (Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale), avoidance of unintentional doping (Self-Reported Treatment Adherence Scale), and behavioural vigilance task of unintentional doping (reading the ingredients of an unfamiliar food product).Results
Positive implicit doping attitude and explicit doping attitude were negatively related to athletes’ likelihood of reading the ingredients table of an unfamiliar food product, and positively related to athletes’ vigilance towards unintentional doping. Neither attitude measures predicted avoidance of unintentional doping. Overall, the magnitude of associations by implicit doping attitude appeared to be stronger than that of explicit doping attitude.Conclusions
Athletes with positive implicit and explicit doping attitudes were less likely to read the ingredients table of an unknown food product, but were more likely to be aware of the possible presence of banned substances in a certain food product. Implicit doping attitude appeared to explain athletes’ behavioural response to the avoidance of unintentional doping beyond variance explained by explicit doping attitude. 相似文献2.
3.
Adinda K.E. Mailuhu Edwin H.G. Oei Nienke van Putte-Katier John M. van Ochten Patrick J.E. Bindels Sita M.A. Bierma-Zeinstra Marienke van Middelkoop 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(3):250-256
Objectives
To examine the five-year prognosis and potential prognostic factors of patients with an acute lateral ankle sprain in primary care setting.Design
Observational study.Methods
206 patients who participated in a cross-sectional study and visited their general practitioner with an acute lateral ankle sprain 6–12 months prior to inclusion were approached for a 5-year follow-up measurement consisting of an online questionnaire. At baseline patients completed standardized questionnaires, underwent a standardized physical examination and radiological examination (radiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and scored their perceived recovery. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine potential predictive factors at baseline for the presence of persistent complaints after 5 years.Results
132 (64.1%) patients completed the 5-year follow-up. 18.2% reported persistent complaints and 30.3% had a re-sprain during follow-up. Baseline persistent complaints 6–12 months after an acute lateral ankle sprain (OR 6.38; CI 95% 1.54–26.44), dominant leg injury (OR 4.89; CI 95% 1.16–20.62) and a recurrent ankle sprain (OR 9.81; CI 95% 2.17–44.47) were significant predictors for persistent complaints 5 years after an acute ankle sprain. Physical examination and radiological findings did not add to the predictive value of the prognostic model.Conclusions
Almost 20% of patients with an acute lateral ankle sprain experience persistent complaints after 5 years follow-up. Predictive factors for persistent complaints can be identified. 相似文献4.
Objectives
Soccer coaches are always looking to discover the next star player, without investing the necessary resources, time, and effort into a player’s development. In the modern era, talent identification in soccer seems to be a comparative process rather than a developmental process. This article will look at the physiological profiles of soccer players in the modern era and how testing and talent identification processes should coincide with this data.Design
An extensive literature search identifying the physiological attributes of soccer players that are required to compete at an elite level was conducted. An examination of the methods to test these attributes was also conducted.Methods
Studies were assigned into three areas to understand the physiological aspect of soccer: physiological testing methods, benchmark values, and correlations between different tests.Results
A testing battery was established to test the key physiological attributes of prospective youth soccer players. Benchmark levels were also identified to allow coaches to understand areas of improvement.Conclusions
Using a physiological testing battery will allow teams to track their players’ progress throughout their developmental years. This allows coaches to consistently identify a player’s strengths and weaknesses, as well as allow players who may experience late maturation to still be identified. 相似文献5.
E. Taberner López M. Vañó Molina J. Calatayud Gregori M. Jornet Sanz J. Jornet Fayos A. Pastor del Campo A. Caño Gómez E. Mollá Olmos 《Radiologia》2018,60(1):64-72
Objective
To evaluate if it is possible to determine the extent of pituitary macroadenomas resection in the immediate postoperative pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Material and methods
MRI of patient with pituitary macroadenomas from January 2010 until October 2014 were reviewed. Those patients who had diagnostic MRI, immediate post-surgical MRI and at least one MRI control were included. We evaluate if the findings between the immediate postsurgical MRI and the subsequent MRI were concordant. Cases which didn’t have evolutionary controls and those who were reoperation for recurrence were excluded. The degree of tumor resection was divided into groups: total resection, partial resection and doubtful. All MRI studies were performed on a1.5 T machine following the same protocol sequences for all cases. One morphological part, a dynamic contrast iv and late contrast part.Results
Of the 73 cases included, immediate postoperative pituitary MRI was interpreted as total resection in 38 cases and tumoral rest in 28 cases, uncertainty among rest or inflammatory changes in 7 cases. Follow- up MRI identified 41 cases total resection and tumoral rest in 32. Sensitivity and specificity of 0.78 and 0.82 and positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV) 0.89 and 0.89 respectively were calculated.Conclusion
Immediate post-surgery pituitary MRI is useful for assessing the degree of tumor resection and is a good predictor of the final degree of real resection compared with the following MRI studies. It allows us to decide the most appropriate treatment at an early stage. 相似文献6.
Xianyi Zhang Tijs Delabastita Joselien Lissens Floor De Beenhouwer Benedicte Vanwanseele 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(7):686-690
Objectives
To determine the differences in the morphology of foot soft tissues between runners using different types of running shoes.Design
Cross-sectional study.Methods
Thirty-eight recreational runners were divided into four groups based on running shoe type, namely, neutral shoes, motion control shoes, minimalistic shoes and neutral shoes with custom-made insoles. An arch height index and a relative arch deformation index were calculated for each participant. An ultrasound device was used to measure the cross-sectional area and/or the thickness of selected intrinsic foot muscles (abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis and flexor digitorum brevis) and extrinsic foot muscles (flexor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior and the peroneus muscles), and the thickness of the plantar fascia, Achilles tendon and heel pad.Results
Recreational runners using minimalistic shoes demonstrated stiffer foot arches than those using neutral shoes. Among the selected foot muscles, only abductor hallucis showed a significant morphological difference between shoe groups. Runners using minimalistic shoes had the thickest abductor hallucis. The minimalistic shoe runners also showed a thinner proximal plantar fascia and a thicker Achilles tendon than other runners. Insole runners had a thinner heel pad than neutral shoe runners.Conclusions
This study suggests that the morphology of foot soft tissues is associated with running shoe type in recreational runners. A sudden change in running shoe type without adjusting training volume should be undertaken with caution, since it may take time for foot soft tissues to adapt to a new shoe condition. 相似文献7.
Patrick A. Dillon Thomas Kempton Samuel Ryan Joel Hocking Aaron J. Coutts 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(3):317-321
Objectives
To examine the effects of match-related and individual player characteristics on activity profile and technical performance during rotations in professional Australian football.Design
Longitudinal observational study.Methods
Global positioning system data and player rating scores were collected from 33 professional Australian football players during 15 Australian football League matches. Player rating scores were time aligned with their relative total and high-speed running (HSR) distance (>20 km h?1) for each on ground rotation. Individual players’ maximal aerobic running speed (MAS) was determined from a two-kilometre trial. A multilevel linear mixed model was used to examine the influence of rotations on physical activity profiles and skill execution during match play.Results
Rotation duration and accumulated distance resulted in a trivial-to-moderate reduction in relative total and HSR distances as well as relative rating points. The number of disposals in a rotation had a small positive effect on relative total and HSR distances and a large positive effect on relative rating points. MAS was associated with a moderate-to-large increase in relative total distance, but had a large negative effect on relative rating points. Previous rotation time, stoppages and the number of rotations in the quarter had a trivial-to-small negative effect on relative total and HSR distances. A greater speed (m min?1) was associated with a trivial increase in rating points during a rotation, while there was a trivial decrease in relative total distance as rating points increased.Conclusion
The complex relationship between factors that influence activity profile and technical performance during rotations in Australian football needs to be considered when interpreting match performance. 相似文献8.
Sobhan Sobhani Edwin R. van den Heuvel Rienk Dekker Klaas Postema Bas Kluitenberg Steef W. Bredeweg Juha M. Hijmans 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2017,20(1):38-44
Objectives
Load reduction is an important consideration in conservative management of tendon overuse injuries such as Achilles tendinopathy. Previous research has shown that the use of rocker shoes can reduce the positive ankle power and plantar flexion moment which might help in unloading the Achilles tendon. Despite this promising implication of rocker shoes, the effects on hip and knee biomechanics remain unclear. Moreover, the effect of wearing rocker shoes on different running strike types is unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate biomechanics of the ankle, knee and hip joints and the role of strike type on these outcomes.Design
Randomized cross-over study.Methods
In this study, 16 female endurance runners underwent three-dimensional gait analysis wearing rocker shoes and standard shoes. We examined work, moments, and angles of the ankle, knee and hip during the stance phase of running.Results
In comparison with standard shoes, running with rocker shoes significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the positive (16%), and negative (32%) work at the ankle joint. Plantar flexion moment peak and impulse were also reduced by 11% and 12%, respectively. Reduction in these variables was almost two times larger for midfoot strikers than for rearfoot strikers. At the knee joint running with rocker shoes significantly increased the positive work (14%), extension moment peak (6%), and extension moment impulse (12%).Conclusions
These findings indicate that although running with rocker shoes might lower mechanical load on the Achilles tendon, it could increase the risk of overuse injuries of the knee joint. 相似文献9.
A. Esteban Fernández I. Coma-Canella G. Bastarrika J. Barba-Cosials P.M. Azcárate-Agüero 《Radiologia》2018,60(6):493-495
Objective
To assess the usefulness of cardiac stress magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with adenosine in the detection of ischemic heart disease in patients with a low pretest probability of disease.Material and methods
We used the probability ratio to analyze the usefulness of cardiac stress MRI in a selection of patients with a low pretest probability of ischemic heart disease (low or moderate cardiovascular risk, atypical chest pain, or absence of prior ischemic heart disease).Results
We included 295 patients followed up for a median of 28 (19-36) months. A total de 60 patients had an event. Cardiac stress MRI was more useful in patients with a low pretest probability: atypical chest pain (probability ratio [PR] positive 8.56), absence of prior ischemic heart disease (PR positive 4.85), and low or moderate cardiovascular risk (PR positive 3.87).Conclusions
Cardiac stress MRI can be useful in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in patients with a low pretest probability. 相似文献10.
Mark Hecimovich Doug King Alasdair R. Dempsey Myles Murphy 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(10):1004-1007
Objectives
Sport-related concussion (SRC) research has focused on impaired oculomotor function. The King–Devick (K–D) test measures oculomotor performance and is reported to identify suboptimal brain function. The use of the K–D test in Australian football (AF), a sport involving body contact and tackling, has not been documented. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the test–retest reliability and diagnostic accuracy of the K–D test on a sub-elite AF team.Design
Prospective cohort studyMethods
In total, 22 male players (19.6 + 2.3 years) were tested and re-tested on the K–D test. Those suspected of having a SRC secondary to a significant head impact were tested. Randomly selected additional players without SRC were assessed for comparison.Results
There were observable learning effects between the first and second baseline testing (48 vs. 46 s). The ICC for the first and second baseline tests was 0.91. Post-match test times were longer than the baseline times for players with SRC (n = 7) (?1.9 s; z = ?5.08; p < 0.0001). Players tested with no signs of SRC (n = 13) had an improvement in time when compared with their baseline score (3.0 s; z = ?4.38; p < 0.0001). The overall sensitivity was 0.98, specificity 0.96, and a kappa of κ = 0.94. The positive likelihood ratio was 11.6 and the positive predictive value was 89.0%.Conclusions
This study supports the use of the K–D test due to its test–retest reliability, high sensitivity and specificity, and fast and simple use that is ideal for sports medicine professionals to make quick judgement on management and playability. 相似文献11.
Blair T. Crewther David Hamilton Liam P. Kilduff Scott Drawer Christian J. Cook 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(5):453-456
Objectives
To investigate the effect of oral contraceptive (OC) use on salivary testosterone (sal-T) concentrations and performance-related statistics in international field hockey matches.Design
A cohort observational study with repeated measures.Methods
Twenty-three elite female athletes were monitored across four international field hockey matches over a nine-day period. Salivary T was assessed 45 min before each match and several match performance statistics were collated; load (i.e. ratings of perceived exertion × playing time), video-derived positive actions (PA) and negative actions (NA), plus coach and player ratings of performance. The sal-T and match performance profiles of OC (n = 7) and Non-OC (n = 16) players were compared and predictive relationships tested.Results
Pre-match sal-T concentrations were 35% higher in the Non-OC than the OC group (p = 0.001), representing a large effect size (ES) difference of 0.96. The OC and Non-OC groups did not differ on any performance statistic (p ≥ 0.348) with ES differences from ?0.22 to 0.11. Salivary T was positively related to the number of PA during match play (p = 0.017). Additional linkage between sal-T and NA emerged, but with opposing slopes (p = 0.008) in the OC (B = ?1.783, p = 0.030) and Non-OC (B = 0.692, p = 0.127) groups.Conclusions
OC usage by elite women athletes was accompanied by lower sal-T concentrations, but the performance outputs of the OC and Non-OC groups were similar. This suggests that the T differences had no impact on match performance. On an individual (population-averaged) level, sal-T was associated with PA and NA during these matches, though the response curves predicting NA differed for OC and Non-OC athletes. 相似文献12.
Adam Kawczyński Dariusz Mroczek Rasmus Elbæk Andersen Tadeusz Stefaniak Lars Arendt-Nielsen Pascal Madeleine 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(8):864-869
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of eccentric exercise (ECC) on the spatial mapping of muscle stiffness and creep of the upper trapezius, using a quantitative myotonometry device.Design
Two groups of 16 subjects participated in the experimental sessions. In part A, the test–retest reliabilities of muscle stiffness and creep were assessed. In part B, muscle stiffness and muscle creep were mapped before, immediately after and 24 h after ECC when post-exercise soreness had developed.Methods
The ECC protocol consisted of 50 eccentric contractions divided into 5 bouts of 10 contractions at maximum force level.Results
The relative reliabilities of stiffness and creep measurements were found to be substantial to almost perfect. Muscle stiffness for musculotendinous sites increased at 24 h after ECC while it decreased for muscle belly immediately after and 24 h after ECC. Muscle creep for musculotendinous sites decreased, and for muscle belly sites increased, immediately after and 24 h after ECC.Conclusions
For the first time, the present study showed sign of discrepancies in the effects of ECC on muscle stiffness and creep, underlining opposite changes in the musculotendinous and muscle belly viscoelastic properties of upper trapezius. 相似文献13.
Greg L. Carstairs Daniel J. Ham Robert J. Savage Stuart A. Best Ben Beck Daniel C. Billing 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(11):1162-1167
The benefit of job-related employment standards in physically demanding occupations are well known. A number of methodological frameworks have been established to guide the development of physical employment standards for single job functions. In the case of an organisation comprised of multiple and diverse employment specialisations, such as the Australian Army, it is impractical to develop unique employment standards for each occupation.
Objectives
To present an approach to organisational level physical employment standards development that seeks to retain occupationally specific task characteristics by applying a movement cluster approach.Design
Structured methodological overview.Methods
An outline of the research process used in performing job tasks analysis are presented, including the identification, quantification and characterisation, and verification of physically demanding manual handling tasks. The methodology used to filter task information collected from this job analyses to group manual handling tasks with similar characteristics (termed clusters), across a range of employment specialisations is given. Finally, we provide examples of test development based on these key manual handling clusters to develop a limited suite of tests with high content, criterion and face validity that may be implementable across a large organisation.Results
Job task analysis was performed on 57 employment specialisations, identifying 458 tasks that were grouped into 10 movement based clusters. The rationalisation of criterion tasks through clustering informed the development of a limited suite of tests with high content, criterion and face validity that may be implementable across a large organisation.Conclusion
This approach could be applied when developing physical employment standards across other multi-occupation organisations. 相似文献14.
Objectives
To estimate radiologist? level of knowledge of and their implication in radioprotection.Methods
An anonymous and supervised survey was conducted during a work meeting.Results
Of the 65 questionnaires handed out, 63 were returned. In general, the radiologists surveyed considered their level of knowledge to be low, and it was statistically demonstrated (P = 0.018) that the level of knowledge they believed they had was related to the number of correct answers. The level of knowledge that radiologists believed they had was also related (p < 0.05) with the years of experience, and it was higher in the more experienced radiologists.Conclusions
There is an important margin of improvement in knowledge about radiation protection. 相似文献15.
Nora Shields Jenny Downs Judy B. de Haan Nicholas F. Taylor Jennifer Torr Bo Fernhall Michael Kingsley George Mnatzaganian Helen Leonard 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(6):596-603
Objective
What effect does regular exercise have on oxidative stress in people with Down syndrome?Design
Systematic review with meta-analyses.Methods
A systematic review with meta-analyses was conducted. Six databases were searched from inception until August 2017. Studies where included if participants with Down syndrome (any age) had completed an exercise program of at least 6 weeks duration and at least one biomarker measured the generation or removal of reactive oxidative species. Data were extracted using a customised form. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias assessment tool. Effect sizes were calculated and meta-analyses completed for clinically homogeneous data using a random effects model.Results
Seven studies (11 articles) involving 144 inactive participants investigated the effect of moderate intensity aerobic exercise. No pattern emerged for how most biomarkers responded with non-significant pooled effect sizes and high levels of heterogeneity observed. The exception was catalase which increased significantly after exercise (standardised mean difference 0.39, 95%CI 0.04–0.75; I2 15%). Available studies were at high risk of bias. Two of five studies that measured more than one biomarker reported a decrease in oxidative stress with increased antioxidant activity after exercise but the other three (including one small randomised controlled trial) reported increased oxidative stress with variable change in antioxidant activity.Conclusions
There remains uncertainty about the effect of exercise on oxidative stress in people with Down syndrome.Review registration
PROSPERO CRD42016048492. 相似文献16.
Objectives
Professional ballet dancers may have hip bony morphology that predisposes them to cartilage or labral injury. However, the relationship between bony morphology and pathology has not been investigated in ballet. This study investigates associations between bony morphology, chondrolabral defects and hip pain in ballet dancers.Design
Cross-sectional study.Methods
33 male and female professional ballet dancers, (mean age 27 years (range 19–39)), completed questionnaires with hip pain measured on a visual analogue scale; and underwent 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (3T MRI) to measure lateral centre edge angles (LCEA), alpha angles in the anterior and superior position, femoral neck-shaft angles (NSA) and acetabular version angles; and to detect acetabular labral tear and articular cartilage defects.Results
Seventeen dancers (51.5%) had impingement-type (alpha angle > 50.5° or acetabular version <10° or >20°) and 19 (58%) had instability-type (LCEA < 25° or NSA > 135°) bony morphology. Cartilage defect prevalence was higher in dancers with impingement-type bony morphology (n = 14) compared to those without impingement-type morphology (n = 4, p = 0.001). There was no relationship between instability-type bony morphology and cartilage defects (p > 0.05). There was no relationship between labral tears and bony morphology (p > 0.05). Neither chondrolabral pathology nor any morphological feature were associated with hip pain (p > 0.05 for all).Conclusions
Impingement-type bony morphology was related to cartilage defects, but not labral tear. Hip pain was not associated with pathology or bony morphology. Longitudinal studies are warranted to determine if bony features, such as cam morphology, acetabular retroversion or anteversion, are precursors to symptomatic hip joint injury or osteoarthritis. 相似文献17.
Stephen Mark Hadlow Derek Panchuk David Lindsay Mann Marc Ronald Portus Bruce Abernethy 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(9):950-958
Objectives
To overview a framework that provides a theoretically-grounded approach to predicting the types of modified perceptual training tasks that will stimulate transfer of improved perceptual skills to sport performance environments. Modified perceptual training (MPT) collectively describes on- or off-field sports training tasks that are specifically designed to develop visual and perceptual-cognitive skill. Traditional training approaches in sport include sports vision training and perceptual-cognitive training, while recently, new technologies have enabled a broad range of additional MPT tools to become available to coaches and athletes.Design
Short literature review and opinion article.Methods
Literature in the fields of sports vision training and perceptual-cognitive training are summarised and contrasted. A selection of emerging MPT technologies are then overviewed. This leads to the identification of three interacting factors of MPT task design that may influence the task’s capacity to transfer improved training performance to actual competition: (i) the targeted perceptual function, (ii) stimulus correspondence, and (iii) response correspondence, which are assimilated with key tenets of representative learning design.Results
These three theoretically-grounded differences are adopted to support and justify the structure of the Modified Perceptual Training Framework which sets out predictions for future research to test in order to clarify the transfer effect of MPT tools.Conclusions
The application of the Modified Perceptual Training Framework may assist in future testing, design and selection of beneficial training tools in sport and as such, is predicted to have significant impact in empirical and practical settings. 相似文献18.
A. Warren S. Williams S. McCaig G. Trewartha 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(1):40-45
Objectives
The objectives of this study were to explore the relationship between acute (1 week) and chronic (4-week average) bowling workloads and injury risk in National Development Programme fast bowlers, and to investigate individual differences in the relationship between acute:chronic workloads and injury.Design
Prospective cohort study.Methods
Bowling workloads and injury data were collected prospectively for 29 male fast bowlers (age range 15–18) on a National Programme over two years. Workload variables were calculated and the likelihood of injury and individual effects were explored using a generalised linear mixed effects model and magnitude-based inferences.Results
Acute:chronic workloads of 109–142% (relative risk [RR]: 1.46, 90% CI: 0.93–2.29; likely harmful), and ≥142% (RR: 1.66, 90% CI: 1.06–2.59, likely harmful) were associated with a substantial increase in injury risk compared with the reference quartile (<87%). A high chronic workload (>83 balls) substantially attenuated the influence of a high (>108%) acute:chronic workload ratio on injury risk (RR: 0.35, 90% CI: 0.17–0.74). Significant individual differences in the acute:chronic workload-injury relationship were evident.Conclusions
The present study provides further evidence of the association between ‘spikes’ in workload and injury risk, but also demonstrates that this relationship is individual-specific and dependent on the level of chronic workload. Support teams for fast bowlers should monitor bowling workloads to avoid rapid fluctuations but should also base decisions on individualised data. 相似文献19.
Flinn Shiel Carl Persson James Furness Vini Simas Rodney Pope Mike Climstein Wayne Hing Ben Schram 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(10):1038-1044
Objectives
To systematically identify and assess methods and protocols used to reduce technical and biological errors in published studies that have investigated reliability of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for assessing body composition.Design
Systematic review.Methods
Systematic searches of five databases were used to identify studies of DXA reliability. Two independent reviewers used a modified critical appraisal tool to assess their methodological quality. Data was extracted and synthesised using a level of evidence approach. Further analysis was then undertaken of methods used to decrease DXA errors (technical and biological) and so enhance DXA reliability.Results
Twelve studies met eligibility criteria. Four of the articles were deemed high quality. Quality articles considered biological and technical errors when preparing participants for DXA scanning. The Nana positioning protocol was assessed to have a strong level of evidence. The studies providing this evidence indicated very high test–retest reliability (ICC 0.90–1.00 or less than 1% change in mean) of the Nana positioning protocol. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) positioning protocol was deemed to have a moderate level of evidence due to lack of high quality studies. However, the available studies found the NHANES positioning protocol had very high test–retest reliability. Evidence is limited and reported reliability has varied in papers where no specific positioning protocol was used or reported.Conclusions
Due to the strong level of evidence of excellent test–retest reliability that supports use of the Nana positioning protocol, it is recommended as the first choice for clinicians when using DXA to assess body composition. 相似文献20.
Cameron Garnock Jeremy Witchalls Phil Newman 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(6):586-590