卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜用于微量甲醇蒸气的快速检测

目的:制备一种卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜用于微量甲醇蒸气的快速检测.方法:通过化学共聚将卟啉引入聚酰亚胺大分子主链;采用静电纺丝技术制备卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜,通过改变溶液组成、纺丝电压等,调控纳米纤维微结构,从而获得具有微／纳立体结构和大比表面积的电纺纤维膜,应用于微量甲醇蒸气的快速检测.结果:制备的卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜直径分布均匀、形貌良好,且保持了卟啉的基本光谱特性.当甲醇蒸气与此电纺纤维膜作用时,可引起其紫外光谱的红移与荧光强度的减弱,而其它一些常见醇类并无此现象.交替通入150 ppm的甲醇蒸气与氮气后,电纺纤维膜的荧光强度几乎没有改变,显示出良好的可重复使用性.结论:基于卟啉优异的光敏性能和纳米纤维高比表面积的特点,设计并制备了卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜,用于微量甲醇蒸气的检测.该电纺纤维膜具有灵敏度高,选择性好,并可重复使用等优点.     

一种锌卟啉化电纺纤维膜的制备及其氨敏性能研究

目的:以锌卟啉为识别基团,制备一种锌卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜,用于微量氨气的检测。方法:通过化学共聚将锌卟啉引入聚酰亚胺大分子主链;采用静电纺丝技术制备锌卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜,通过记录其作用前后膜的颜色及光谱变化实现对氨气的检测,并考察其灵敏度、选择性及检测限。结果:制备的锌卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜中卟啉单元分布均匀,保持了锌卟啉的基本光谱特性。与氨气作用时,电纺纤维膜发生明显颜色变化和紫外光谱红移。表面等离子共振及紫外光谱计算得到锌卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜与氨的结合常数Ka为3.33×103L/mol,检测限为3.13 mg/m3。结论:本研究制备的锌卟啉化聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜对氨气有良好的灵敏度和选择性,可重复使用,是一种检测微量氨气的新材料。     

同轴电纺制备刚性多糖纳米纤维膜

将壳聚糖、海藻酸钠或透明质酸配制成水溶液,聚氧化乙烯(PEO)溶解在二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)/H2O 混合溶剂中,以上述两溶液分别作为内、外纺丝液进行同轴电纺制备成纤维膜,进而利用适当溶剂除去 PEO 外壳,得到纯多糖纳米纤维膜.纤维结构通过 TEM、SEM 进行表征.结果表明:同轴电纺可一步制得外壳为 PEO、内核为刚性多糖的核壳纳米纤维,纤维外壳 PEO 组分可以用氯仿萃取除去;与单轴电纺法制得的刚性多糖纤维相比,同轴电纺可以保持最终纤维的结构完整性.     

纳米羟基磷灰石与聚己内酯复合电纺纤维膜

用水热法合成的棒状纳米羟基磷灰石（nHA）,引发ε-己内酯（ε-CL）开环聚合得到nHAPCL复合材料。用静电纺丝法分别制备了聚己内酯（PCL）、nHA/PCL共混材料和nHAPCL复合材料的3种电纺纤维膜。通过FT-IR、DSC、SEM、TGA和拉伸试验机表征了样品的结构、热性能和力学性能。结果表明：nHA-PCL电纺膜的结晶性能优于nHA/PCL材料,且热稳定性和力学性能都优于其他两种膜,nHA-PCL电纺膜的完全分解温度为420 °C,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到28.2 MPa和55.6%。3种膜的纤维直径均小于500 nm,nHA-PCL电纺膜的纤维表面比较粗糙。在人体仿生液中诱导矿化4 d后,nHAPCL电纺膜纤维表面出现磷灰石沉积,而纯PCL和共混nHA/PCL电纺膜的纤维表面沉积的磷灰石很少,nHA-PCL复合电纺膜具有较好的诱导成骨性能。     

聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖载药电纺纤维膜的制备及性能表征

目的：使用静电纺丝技术制备载不同含量丹参素钠的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖载药电纺纤维膜。 方法：以聚乙烯醇(PVA)和壳聚糖(CS)为载体,丹参素钠(SAS)为模型药物,制备载药电纺纤维膜;借助扫描电镜观察纤维形貌,利用红外光谱分析其成分,用紫外可见吸收光谱仪检测纤维膜含药量,绘制药物释放曲线。 结果：不同含量丹参素钠的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖载药电纺纤维膜纤维直径均在280~390 nm 之间,纤维膜含药量高,并能较好地实现丹参素钠的缓控释放。 结论：研究制备成功的聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖载药电纺纤维膜制备工艺简单,载药均匀,有明显的缓释性,可为皮肤局部给药系统的研究提供新策略。     

PLGA新型纳米支架的制备及其生物相容性

目的探讨和比较应用不同参数静电纺丝技术制备复合型聚乳酸-羟基乙酸[poly(lactic-co-glycolicacid),PLGA]纳米纤维缓释膜片的可行性,检测其表面特性以及生物相容性。方法使用不同参数制备纳米纤维膜,扫描电镜观察膜片表面形态;人牙周膜细胞(human periodontal ligament cells,hPLDCs)培养及鉴定后接种于空白膜上,扫描电镜观察细胞与膜的附着情况,以MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiaozol-2-yl)-2,5-dip henyltetrazolium bromide]实验检测不同浓度材料浸提液对细胞增殖变化情况的影响。结果随着PLGA流量增加,纳米纤维直径增加;细胞与PLGA膜复合后粘附良好且增殖状态无明显变化;不同浓度材料浸提液对牙周膜细胞增殖的影响无明显差异。结论通过不同参数静电纺丝制备的新型纳米纤维膜具有良好的生物相容性,可进一步作为多种药物及细胞因子载体构建缓释型支架,从而用于引导性牙周组织再生(guided tissue regeneration,GTR)或者牙周组织工程。     

近晶A相液晶在聚酰亚胺LB膜上的排列

合成了聚酰胺酸,研究了它在气液界面上的成膜条件;制备了聚酰胺酸盐的LB膜,通过亚胺化制得了Y型聚酰亚胺LB膜;用红外光谱证实了亚胺化较为完全。用聚酰亚胺LB膜作为排列S_A相液晶的定向膜,制成了液晶盒。通过偏光显微镜证实了未经摩擦的聚酰亚胺LB膜可以排列成近晶相液晶分子。讨论了影响成膜及液晶分子在聚酰亚胺LB膜上排列的因素。     

利用乳液静电纺丝法制备具有稳定芯壳结构的PLGA/DEX电纺纤维

目的 通过乳液静电纺丝法制备具有稳定芯壳结构的聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物[poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid),PLGA]/葡聚糖(dextran,DEX)电纺纤维并优化相关的工艺参数,为利用乳液静电纺丝法制备载药纤维膜奠定实验基础。方法 将PLGA溶液作为油相,DEX溶液作为水相,通过改变油相溶剂的成分、水相溶液的浓度以及水油两相体积比来观察并比较6组电纺液的乳液体系是否稳定;通过乳液静电纺丝法制备PLGA/DEX电纺纤维,利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜观察6组纳米纤维是否具有稳定的芯壳结构。结果在PLGA的溶剂中引入一定比例的三氟乙醇能够适当减小水油两相的界面张力,提高两相的相容性。但当水相浓度过大时,仅调整溶剂的成分不足以得到性质稳定的电纺液;适度减小水相浓度,纺丝液黏度也随之降低,两相的相容性提高,乳液越趋于稳定。水油两相的体积比是影响纤维芯壳结构以及形貌尺寸的重要因素,适宜的水油体积比形成的乳液,其性质更稳定,可纺性更好。结论 将浓度为0.15 g·mL^-1的PLGA(溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和三氯甲烷,体积比为1∶3)作为油相溶...     

左氧氟沙星分子印迹膜固相萃取选择性分离氧氟沙星

以聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维超滤膜为支撑膜,左氧氟沙星(LVFX)为模板分子,采用热聚合方法制备了分子印迹聚合物膜,并应用于固相萃取选择性分离氧氟沙星外消旋体(OFLX)。通过紫外光谱法研究了模板分子与功能单体之间的相互作用,得到了单体α-甲基丙烯酸和模板分子LVFX缔合的化学计量数2和结合常数K=3.83×105L2/mol2;用扫描电镜表征膜的表面形貌;固相萃取实验结果表明:分子印迹聚合物膜中存在着空间结构和大小均与模板分子LVFX互补的孔穴组成的通道,该通道可选择性地透过底物分子,得到的LVFX和OFLX的最大分配系数KL和KO分别为2.7和2。该方法为分子印迹膜萃取技术用于手性药物拆分提供了理论和实验方法。     

分子印迹中空纤维复合膜对异丙醇/水体系的渗透汽化

以聚砜(PSF)中空纤维超滤为基膜,二苯甲酰-L-酒石酸(L-DBTA)为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,采用表面热聚合方法制备了L-DBTA印迹中空纤维复合膜。该复合膜对异丙醇/水体系具有很好的分离效果,对于w=0.20和0.50的异丙醇/水体系,经过一次浸膜制得的L-DBTA分子印迹复合膜的分离因子分别为2 400和5 690,通量分别为1 440 g/(m2.h)和551 g/(m2.h);对于w=0.95的异丙醇/水体系,浸膜液浓缩一倍,经过两次浸膜制得的L-DBTA分子印迹复合膜分离因子可达82 100,渗透通量可达739 g/(m2.h);对于异丙醇/水体系,通过实验,获得了L-DBTA分子印迹复合膜与一般渗透汽化膜相反的分离规律:料液温度升高,L-DBTA分子印迹复合膜的渗透通量下降;随着料液浓度的升高,分离因子出现最大值时的温度逐渐升高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.