口腔内间断吹氧在昏迷患者口腔护理中的应用

目的观察口腔内间断吹氧在昏迷患者口腔疾病治疗及预防中的作用,以提高口腔护理效果。方法将120例入住ICU昏迷患者随机分成对照组（58例）和观察组（62例）。对照组采用常规口腔护理方法,观察组在此基础上加用间断口腔内吹氧,30～45min／次,2次／d。每日观察并记录患者口腔黏膜及气味的改变。结果观察组在治疗口腔溃疡、改善牙龈红肿出血方面效果显著优于对照组,且口腔溃疡新发率显著低于对照组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。结论在加强口腔护理、改善口腔内环境的同时,加用口腔内间断吹氧能有效治疗和预防口腔溃疡及牙龈红肿等口腔疾患,提高昏迷患者口腔护理质量。     

口腔内间断吹氧在昏迷患者口腔护理中的应用

目的 观察口腔内间断吹氧在昏迷患者口腔疾病治疗及预防中的作用,以提高口腔护理效果.方法 将120例入住ICU昏迷患者随机分成对照组(58例)和观察组(62例).对照组采用常规口腔护理方法,观察组在此基础上加用间断口腔内吹氧,30～45 min/次,2次/d.每日观察并记录患者口腔黏膜及气味的改变.结果 观察组在治疗口腔溃疡、改善牙龈红肿出血方面效果显著优于对照组,且口腔溃疡新发率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 在加强口腔护理、改善口腔内环境的同时,加用口腔内间断吹氧能有效治疗和预防口腔溃疡及牙龈红肿等口腔疾患,提高昏迷患者口腔护理质量.     

活性银离子抗菌液应用于老年糖尿病患者口腔护理

目的 观察活性银离子抗菌液口腔护理辅助治疗老年糖尿病患者口腔疾患的效果.方法 将70例有口腔疾患的老年糖尿病患者按入院顺序分为观察组和对照组各35例.对照组采用生理盐水口腔护理,观察组采用活性银离子抗菌液口腔护理,干预10d后观察两组效果.结果 观察组口臭、口腔溃疡、牙龈炎治疗效果优于对照组.结论 活性银离子抗菌液口腔护理,可改善老年糖尿病患者牙龈出血、口腔溃疡症状,清除口臭.     

综合性口腔护理预防130例肿瘤化疗患者口腔感染观察

目的 探讨综合性口腔护理预防肿瘤化疗患者口腔感染的效果.方法 将130例肿瘤化疗患者按入院顺序分 为对照组和观察组各65例.对照组采用常规口腔护理,观察组根据患者口腔pH值及局部培养结果选择口腔护理溶液及局部运用抗生素.观察2组患者口腔pH值及口腔感染发生率.结果 观察组发生口腔感染9例(13.85%),对照组14例(...     

麦冬合剂治疗化疗后口腔溃疡效果观察

目的探讨化疗后口腔溃疡的护理方法。方法将65例化疗后口腔溃疡患者随机分为观察组(30例)和对照组(35例)。两组均给予常规口腔护理和饮食指导,在此基础上对照组给予0.02%呋喃西林含漱,观察组加用麦冬合剂温水泡服治疗。结果观察组疗效显著优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论麦冬合剂温水泡服治疗化疗后口腔溃疡效果显著,且价格低廉、安全可靠。     

瑞典护理研究现状及展望

目的探讨化疗后口腔溃疡的护理方法。方法将65例化疗后口腔溃疡患者随机分为观察组（30例）和对照组（35例）。两组均给予常规口腔护理和饮食指导．在此基础上对照组给予0．02％呋喃西林含漱，观察组加用麦冬合剂温水泡服治疗。结果观察组疗效显著优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论麦冬合剂温水泡服治疗化疗后口腔溃疡效果显著，且价格低廉、安全可靠。     

益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理效果观察

目的探讨益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理的效果。方法将150例口腔颌面外科手术患者随机分为观察组和对照组各75例。两组均于术前1~3 d和术后第1~5天采用生理盐水进行口腔护理,观察组加用益口漱口液漱口。结果观察组牙龈出血、伤口感染、口腔溃疡、口干、口臭、咽痛发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理效果明显。     

重组人表皮生长因子联合复方漱口液治疗放射性口腔黏膜炎

目的 探讨重组人表皮生长因子(rhEGF)联合复方漱口液治疗放射性口腔黏膜炎的效果.方法 将86例头颈部肿瘤接受放疗并发放射性口腔黏膜炎患者随机分为观察组(44例)和对照组(42例),对照组采用复方漱口液含漱,观察组采用复方漱口液含漱后5 min将rhEGF均匀喷涂于黏膜创面,治疗1周后比较疗效.结果 观察组治疗效果显...     

益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理效果观察

目的探讨益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理的效果。方法将150例口腔颌面外科手术患者随机分为观察组和对照组各75例。两组均于术前1～3d和术后第1～5天采用生理盐水进行口腔护理。观察组加用益口漱口液漱口。结果观察组牙龈出血、伤口感染、口腔溃疡、口干、口臭、咽痛发生率显著低于对照组（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）。结论益口漱口液用于口腔颌面外科围术期患者口腔护理效果明显。     

头颈部肿瘤患者放疗期间口腔健康行为的纵向调查

目的了解头颈部肿瘤患者放疗期间的口腔健康行为,为改进临床实践提供依据。方法使用自制的口腔健康行为问卷,对104例头颈部肿瘤患者在放疗第1周(入院时)、第2周、第4周、出院时进行调查;并每周检测患者是否发生口腔黏膜炎。结果至放疗第5周,所有患者均发生口腔黏膜炎;患者口腔健康行为除"使用牙线"不同时间点比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)外,其余6项口腔健康行为放疗期间均有所改善(P0.05,P0.01);年龄对治疗期间口腔健康行为有影响(P0.05),性别及学历对入院时的口腔健康行为影响有统计学意义(均P0.05),之后影响无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论头颈部肿瘤患者放疗期间口腔黏膜炎发生率高;口腔健康行为(除使用牙线外)在入院后有所改善。医护人员需关注头颈部肿瘤放疗患者的口腔健康行为,尤其是对年长者;制定基于循证证据的口腔照护策略,以改善患者的口腔健康行为。     

Aspects of complex oral rehabilitation with oral osseointegrated implants

Dentists and patients become increasingly aware of the complex and predictible results offered by implant-supported dentures. These alternatives fulfill the demands of modern dentistry to rehabilitate the oral health condition according to the highest standards. A deficient residual crest represents a great challenge for the healing and osseointegration of the implants. Dental implants have an essential effect on stopping bone atrophy in the edentulous crest and preserving its condition. Function and esthetics and the patients comfort can be rehabilitated within normal limits. The prosthetic reconstruction based on osseointegration implants has better long-term prognosis if the therapeutic option is judiciously selected. The risk of relative movements at the bone-implant interface decreases according to the difference in value between the elasticity module of the implant and the bone. Prosthetic reconstruction based on implants has a better long-term prognosis if the therapeutic option is judiciously selected from all possibilities according to the osteointegration of an adequate number of implants.     

口腔冲洗器在经口气管插管患者口腔护理中的应用

目的观察口腔冲洗器在经口气管插管患者口腔护理中的应用效果,了解其对口腔感染和呼吸机相关性肺炎发生的影响。方法将经口气管插管行机械通气治疗的108例患者按入住ICU时间分为观察组和对照组各54例,观察组采用口腔冲洗器对患者进行口腔冲洗;对照组采用传统的棉球擦拭法进行口腔护理,观察两组口腔护理效果。结果观察组口腔异味评分、咽拭子阳性率和VAP发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论经口气管插管患者应用口腔冲洗器进行口腔护理,能较好地控制口腔异味的形成,降低口腔感染和呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生率,是经口气管插管患者口腔护理安全、易行的方法。     

Application of irrigator to oral care for oral intubation patients

目的 观察口腔冲洗器在经口气管插管患者口腔护理中的应用效果,了解其对口腔感染和呼吸机相关性肺炎发生的影响.方法 将经口气管插管行机械通气治疗的108例患者按入住ICU时间分为观察组和对照组各54例,观察组采用口腔冲洗器对患者进行口腔冲洗;对照组采用传统的棉球擦拭法进行口腔护理,观察两组口腔护理效果.结果 观察组口腔异味评分、咽拭子阳性率和VAP发生率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 经口气管插管患者应用口腔冲洗器进行口腔护理,能较好地控制口腔异味的形成,降低口腔感染和呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生率,是经口气管插管患者口腔护理安全、易行的方法.     

Transformation of a benign oral pigmentation to primary oral melanoma.

OBJECTIVE: The objective is to report the serendipitous 7-year follow-up and transformation of a melanotic palatal lesion, which was initially diagnosed histologically as a benign oral melanotic macule, into primary oral melanoma and to provide long-term follow-up of a case of oral malignant melanoma. STUDY DESIGN: Nine formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from several different facilities and microscopic slides of the patient's lesions were reviewed to study the transformation of a benign, oral, pigmented lesion into melanoma. RESULTS: Review of blocks and slides of the patient's lesions suggest that the onset of melanocytic hyperplasia (increased clear cell activity) heralded the transformation of the melanotic macule into melanoma. The histology of the first biopsies was totally benign, but retrospectively, the clinical appearance was not typical and was somewhat worrisome because of the size of the lesion and feathering of the pigmentation at the periphery. This clinical presentation, however, was unknown to the pathologists. CONCLUSIONS: This study documents a case of primary oral melanoma arising from an apparent oral melanotic macule and suggests that even histologically benign-appearing oral melanotic lesions should perhaps be viewed with caution if increased numbers of melanocytes (melanocytic hyperplasia or clear cell activity) are present. Careful correlation of clinical appearance and histology is necessary to arrive at an appropriate diagnosis and prognosis for oral pigmented lesions.     

Premedication in children: a comparison of oral midazolam and oral clonidine

BACKGROUND: Oral premedication is widely used in pediatric anesthesia to reduce preoperative anxiety and ensure smooth induction. Midazolam is currently the most commonly used premedicant, but good results have also been reported with clonidine. The aim of the present study was to compare clinical effects of oral midazolam and oral clonidine. METHODS: We performed a prospective open study in 64 children who were randomly assigned to receive either oral midazolam 0.5 mg.kg (-1) (group M) or oral clonidine 4 microg.kg (-1) (group C) prior to mask induction. Drug acceptance, preoperative sedation and anxiolysis, quality of mask acceptance, recovery profile and parental satisfaction were evaluated. RESULTS: The taste of oral clonidine was judged as significantly better; 14% of children rejected oral midazolam. Onset of sedation was significantly faster after premedication with midazolam (30+/-13.1 min) than with clonidine (38.5+/-14.6 min), but level of sedation was significantly better after premedication with clonidine. Quality of mask induction was equally successful in both groups. A steal-induction was performed in 66% of patients of group C, but none in group M. We observed a trend towards an increased incidence of emergence agitation after premedication with midazolam. Parental satisfaction was significantly higher in group C. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, premedication with oral clonidine appeared to be superior to oral midazolam. Quality of mask acceptance was comparable between groups, but oral clonidine was better accepted by the child, produced more effective preoperative sedation, showed a trend towards better recovery from anesthesia and had a higher degree of parental satisfaction.     

Co-administered oral metoclopramide does not enhance the rate of absorption of oral diazepam

Intravenous metoclopramide is known to increase the rate of absorption of oral diazepam if administered at the same time. It has been suggested that oral metoclopramide has the same effect. In this study, six healthy volunteers received oral diazepam (0.2 mg/kg) on two separate occasions, either alone or with oral metoclopramide (10 mg), given simultaneously. In contrast to the effects of intravenous metoclopramide, oral metoclopramide did not increase the rate of absorption of oral diazepam.