老年高血压患者血压变异性的影响因素

目的调查老年高血压患者动态血压参数情况,探讨年龄、性别及合并其他疾病对血压变异性(BPCV)的影响。方法收集老年原发性高血压患者155例,动态血压监测获得BPCV参数,探讨年龄、性别及是否合并糖尿病、冠心病对BPCV的影响。结果真实收缩压变异性(SBPARV)随着年龄增大而增大,女性收缩压加权标准差(SBPw SD)明显大于男性(P均<0.05)。高血压合并糖尿病组BPCV参数均高于未合并糖尿病组,但仅收缩压标准差(SBPSD)两组间差异显著(P<0.05)。高血压合并冠心病组BPCV均高于未合并冠心病组,舒张压变异性(DBPCV)低于未合并冠心病组,但组间均无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。调整了年龄、性别混杂因素的偏相关分析发现,SBPSD与合并糖尿病呈正相关(r=0.162,P<0.05)。结论年龄、性别是BPCV的影响因素,合并糖尿病和冠心病的高血压患者BPCV有增大趋势。     

正常高值血压人群：血压变异性和心室重塑的研究进展

正常高值血压(也称高血压前期)是理想血压与高血压的中间阶段。早在21世纪初，人们便对其有所认识，并逐渐对其引起的靶器官损害及干预措施展开研究，但多年来各个指南中关于各阶段血压的定义、分级、治疗和干预，基本只考虑血压水平，而未考虑其波动性，这是影响血压问题深入研究及临床有效干预措施的关键问题。高血压会对心脏结构和功能造成一定的损害，而大量研究表明正常高值血压人群心脏结构和功能也出现了相应的改变，现就正常高值血压这一特殊人群的血压变异性和心室重塑做一综述。     

血压变异性研究进展

近年来,系列临床试验及流行病学研究结果证实,高血压病对心脑血管系统的危害不仅是平均血压增加的结果,血压变异性(BPV)与平均血压水平一样影响高血压患者靶器官的损害及总体预后。随着动态血压监测技术(ABPM)的成熟及广泛应用,用其评估BPV的研究日益增多。但我国目前对高血压病的诊治,侧重于治疗后血压绝对值变化的评     

血压变异性研究进展

血压变异性 (blood pressure variability,BPV)蕴含了自主神经系统对心血管调节的重要信息 ,在高血压及其并发症的防治中有广阔的临床应用价值及研究前景。     

血压变异性的临床意义

目前普遍认为，高血压是影响心血管病发生率的最重要因素之一，但就患者个体而言，其预测价值有限［１］，另外，一些轻型高血压治疗的临床试验结果也不完全一致［２～４］。这可能是由于血压波动较大及“白大衣效应”等因素的影响，传统的临床测量血压方法，即偶测血压，...     

肥胖对高血压患者血压变异性的影响

目的评估肥胖对原发性高血压患者血压变异性(BPV)的影响。方法选择2014年1月至2014年4月我院就诊的单纯性高血压患者159例,根据腹围和体质指数(BMI)分别分组,进行24 h动态血压监测(ABPM),观察BPV特点。结果按照体质指数分组,观察组(BMI≥28 kg/m2,男性40例,女性40例)24 h平均收缩压变异系数、日间平均收缩压变异系数高于对照组(BMI28 kg/m2,男性43例,女性36例),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组男性患者夜间平均收缩压变异系数、夜间平均舒张压变异系数均高于女性患者(P0.05),且观察组男性患者24 h平均收缩压变异系数高于女性患者(P0.05)。按照腹围分组,观察组(男性腹围≥90 cm 45例,女性腹围≥85 cm 42例)24 h平均收缩压变异系数、日间平均收缩压变异系数高于对照组(男性腹围90 cm 38例,女性腹围85 cm 34例),差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两组男性患者夜间平均舒张压变异系数高于女性患者(P0.05),且观察组男性患者24 h平均收缩压变异系数高于女性患者(P0.05)。结论肥胖时,高血压患者BPV增高,且男性患者较女性患者明显,提示在控制血压的同时,还应注意调节BPV,特别是男性肥胖患者。     

血压变异性的研究进展

高血压一直以来作为心血管疾病的传统危险因素,受到众多专家学者的关注。如何有效降低血压以减轻对靶器官的损伤成为研究的重点。近年来,很多学者进行了广泛的研究,他们不再局限于偶侧血压,开始更加注重动态血压的变化。通过血压的动态监测,     

维持性血液透析患者透析中血压变异性的相关因素及其对预后的影响

目的 评估维持性血液透析(MHD)患者透析过程中血压变异性(BPV)情况,探讨影响MHD过程中BPV增加的相关危险因素,了解其与预后的关系.方法 对2009年1月1日以前开始在上海交通大学附属第一人民医院常规透析的MHD患者行回顾性分析.记录2009年1月-2010年12月期间每季度第1次血液透析过程中所有血压值,求取收缩压、舒张压的平均值和标准差,以离散系数表示透析中收缩压和舒张压BPV.随访时间未满2年的患者取时间平均分布的6～8个透析过程的血压计算.记录心血管事件及死亡,继续随访至2011年12月31日.结果 共纳入280例患者.平均透析中收缩压BPV为0.119 ±0.029,舒张压BPV为0.118 ±0.028;其中老年MHD患者(114例)透析中收缩压的BPV显著高于青中年组(166例)(0.126±0.029比0.114 ±0.028,P=0.012),两组间透析中舒张压的BPV差异无统计学意义(0.117±0.031比0.119 ±0.025,P=0.498).将透析中收缩压BPV作为应变量进行多元回归分析,结果显示患者年龄、透析前收缩压、透析间期体重增长率及血红蛋白水平是透析中收缩压BPV的独立影响因素.将透析中舒张压BPV作为应变量进行多元回归分析,结果显示透析间期体重增长率、平均脱水量是透析中舒张压BPV的独立影响因素.随访3年,死亡64例(22.9％),生存分析显示透析中收缩压BPV升高与病死率升高显著相关(P＜0.01).结论 高龄、透析前高收缩压、透析间期体重增长率增加、血红蛋白水平降低为MHD患者透析中收缩压BPV升高的独立危险因素,透析间期体重增长率增加为MHD患者舒张压BPV升高的独立危险因素,透析中收缩压的BPV升高与MHD患者全因死亡率增加有关.     

高血压患者血压变异性的临床研究

目的探讨高血压病人血压变异性的特点。方法对４８例血压正常人和４２例高血压病人进行动态血压监测。结果无论是高血压组还是正常对照组血压变异性与血压均值一样白天增高，夜间下降，而且收缩压变异大于舒张压变异。但高血压组血压变异性各项指标均显著大于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论高血压患者血压变异性明显高于血压正常者。     

血压变异性类型的研究进展

血压变异性(BPV)是指一定时间内血压的波动程度,与高血压靶器官损害和预后密切相关。由于BPV监测指标及测量时程的不同,短期、中期及长期BPV与高血压预后的评估存在差异,不同类型的BPV具有其独特的优势与弊端。了解各类型BPV的评测方法及优势是正确评价心脑血管疾病所致靶器官损害的前提。现对于不同类型BPV测量方法及研究对象对BPV的影响进行系统综述。     

Within-visit blood pressure variability and cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease

As there may be an association between within-visit blood pressure (BP) variability and cardiovascular disease (CVD), we investigated the clinical significance of this BP variability in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Materials and methods: According to the median of coefficient of variation (CV) of three systolic BP (SBP) readings within a single visit, we divided hypertensive patients with stage G1-4 CKD already treated with antihypertensive therapy into the high SBP-CV group and the low SBP-CV group. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were also performed to explore the contributing factors to within-visit BP variability. Results: In the high SBP-CV group, the clinic BP, total cholesterol level, dyslipidemia, and past history of CVD were significantly greater, while α₁-blockers and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors usage were significantly reduced compared with the lower SBP-CV group. Within-visit BP variability was significantly and positively correlated with total cholesterol (R = 0.392, P < 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (R = 0.284, P = 0.013). Total cholesterol (β = 0.269, P = 0.024), α₁-blockers usage (β = ?0.260, P = 0.015), and RAS inhibitors usage (β = ?0.266, P = 0.017) were shown to independently contribute to the within-visit BP variability after adjustment for age, sex, presence of diabetes, CVD history, statins usage, and clinic SBP. Conclusions: We show that within-visit BP variability may be a clinically relevant factor of CVD risk, and lipid lowering and/or anti-hypertensive therapies using RAS inhibitors and α₁-blockers may be associated with the improved within-visit BP variability observed in non-dialysis CKD patients.     

Basal blood pressure variability and reactivity of blood pressure to emotional stress in essential hypertension

Summary Blood pressure variability under basal conditions and blood pressure reactivity to emotional stress were studied in 38 hypertensives and 13 normotensives.Systolic basal blood pressure variability correlated with systolic blood pressure reactivity. Variability increased with higher basal blood pressure. Thus in the hypertension group the blood pressure variability was greater than in the normotension group. Besides, the hypertension group showed a greater reactivity of systolic blood pressure to emotional stress, too. An influence of age on basal blood pressure, blood pressure variability, and reactivity could be evaluated; but no influence of sex on these parameters was detected.The results indicate that variability and reactivity of blood pressure can be referred to a common central nervous blood-pressure-regulating mechanism. As both parameters are increased in hypertension, a greater lability of blood pressure must be assumed. This greater lability may be attributed to a stronger neurogenic influence or to structural changes of peripheral blood vessels.     

Relationships between residual blood pressure variability and cognitive function in the general population of the PAMELA study

The present study was aimed at assessing the relationships between absolute and individual residual blood pressure (BP) variability and cognitive function in a general population. This cross‐sectional study evaluated cognitive function using minimental state evaluation (MMSE) in 471 subjects enrolled in the PAMELA study. MMSE was calculated 10 years after initial enrollment of the subjects in the PAMELA study. Measurements included office, home, and 24‐hour ambulatory BP monitoring. BP variability was obtained by calculating: (a) 24‐hour standard deviation (SD) for systolic and diastolic BP and (b) individual residual BP variability. Mean age (±SD) of the subjects enrolled was 63 ± 5.7 years at the initial evaluation, with a 10‐year increase when MMSE was performed. There was no significant difference in BP or heart rate values measured at office, home, or during 24‐h BP monitoring between subjects with MMSE < 24 and those with ≥24. BP variability measured by SBP and DBP SD was also similar between these two groups. However, individual residual BP variability was significantly greater in subjects with lower MMSE and this difference became more pronounced when the study population was divided in three groups according to MMSE score (10‐20, 21‐23, 24‐30). Individual residual SBP and DBP variability gradually decreased with the increase in MMSE score. Our data show that a sensitive parameter for the development of cognitive impairment is not BP or absolute BP variability but rather its short‐term erratic component, which has been previously shown to be an important prognostic marker for organ damage, cardiovascular, and all‐cause mortality.     

Association between real‐world home blood pressure measurement patterns and blood pressure variability among older individuals with hypertension: A community‐based blood pressure variability study

Home blood pressure (BP) monitoring is a useful tool for hypertension management. BP variability (BPV) has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, little is known about the correlation between BPV and different measurement patterns of long‐term home BP monitoring. This longitudinal cohort study aimed to assess the associations between dynamic BP measurement patterns and BPV. A total of 1128 participants (mean age, 77.4 ± 9.3 years; male, 51%) with 23 269 behavior measuring units were included. We used sliding window sampling to classify the home BP data with a regular 6‐month interval into units in a sliding manner until the data are not continuous. Three measurement patterns (stable frequent [SF], stable infrequent [SI], and unstable [US]) were assessed based on the home BP data obtained within the first 3 months of the study, and the data in the subsequent 3 months were used to assess the BPV of that unit. We used linear mixed‐effects model to assess the association between BP measurement patterns and BPV with adjustment for possible confounding factors including average BP. Average real variability and coefficient variability were used as measures of the BPV. No significant differences were observed in average BP between the SF, SI, and US patterns. However, BPV in the SF group was significantly lower than that in the US and SI groups (all p‐values < .05). The BPV in SI and US groups was not significantly different. A stable and frequent BP measuring pattern was independently associated with a lower BPV.     

高血压患者血清总胆红素水平与血压变异性的关系

目的 探讨血清总胆红素水平对高血压患者的血压水平及血压变异性的影响.方法 本研究为回顾性观察性研究,连续纳入在2019年9月至2020年3月在宣城市人民医院心血管内科住院并确诊为高血压的患者,并完善动态血压及动态心电图检查.本研究以动态血压测量参数中24 h收缩压标准差和24 h舒张压标准差作为血压变异性指标.应用多元...     

老年高血压病人血压变异性分析

目的　　探讨老年原发性高血压患者血压变异性与靶器官损害及年龄的关系。方法　对 478例老年高血压病人及 2 2 9例健康查体者 (非高血压者 )进行了 2 4h动态血压监测 ,以测得的血压标准差作为血压变异性指标。结果　原发性高血压患者的 2 4h血压变异性大于非高血压者 ;高血压病人靶器官损害者的 2 4h血压变异性大于无损害者 ;各年龄组间的血压变异性无明显差别。结论　老年高血压病人 2 4h血压变异性增加 ,靶器官损害者的 2 4h血压变异性高 ,未发现血压变异性与年龄相关     

老年高血压病人血压变异性分析

目的：探讨老年高血压病患血压变异性与靶器官损害及年龄的关系。方法：对478例老年高血压病人及229例非高血压进行了24小时动态血压监测，以测得的血压标准差作为血压变异性指标。结果：高血压病患的24小时血压变异性大于非高血压（P＜0．05），高血压病人中靶器官损害的24小时血压变异性大于无损害的（P＜0．05）；各年龄组间的血压变异性无明显差别。结论：老年高血压病人24小时血压变异性增加，靶器官损害的24小时变异性更高。     

Nocturnal blood pressure surge in seconds is associated with arterial stiffness independently of conventional nocturnal blood pressure variability in suspected obstructive sleep apnea patients

Nocturnal blood pressure (BP) surge in seconds (sec-surge), which is characterized as acute transient BP elevation over several tens of seconds is induced by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and OSA-related sympathetic hyperactivity. The authors assessed the relationship between sec-surge and arterial stiffness in 34 nocturnal hypertensive patients with suspected OSA (mean age 63.9 ± 12.6 years, 32.4% female). During the night, they had beat-by-beat (BbB) BP and cuff-oscillometric BP measurements, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was assessed as an arterial stiffness index. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the upward duration (UD) of sec-surge was significantly associated with baPWV independently of nocturnal oscillometric systolic BP variability (β = .365, p = .046). This study suggests that the UD of sec-surge, which can only be measured using a BbB BP monitoring device, may be worth monitoring in addition to nocturnal BP level.     

高血压病患者血压变异性与反应性充血指数相关性研究

[摘要]目的探讨高血压病患者血压变异性（BPV）与反应性充血指数（RHI）的相关性。方法将我院2018年1月至2019年12月收治的220例高血压患者进行本次研究,对所有入选患者进行动态血压监测及反应性充血指数测定,根据血压下降率分为勺型组53例,非勺型组96例,超勺型组16例,反勺型组55例。分析血压变异性与反应性充血指数的关系。结果非勺型组、超勺型组、反勺型组与勺型组相比平均收缩压变异系数（sCV）及平均舒张压变异系数（dCV）呈升高趋势,RHI呈降低趋势,其中超勺型组、反勺型组趋势更明显,差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。勺型组与超勺型组,RHI与SCV和血压下降率的相关系数分别为-0.4649和-0.4186,勺型组与反勺型组,RHI与SCV和血压下降率的相关系数分别为-0.3213和-0.5013。结论SCV变异系数越大,RHI值越低;血压异常波动严重影响血管内皮功能。     

4种抗高血压药物对血压和血压变异性的影响

目的:研究4种不同类型的抗高血压药物对血压变异性(blood pressure variability,BPV)的影响。方法:99例轻、中度原发性高血压患者,分别服用多沙唑嗪1mg/d(30例)、塞利洛尔100mg/d(18例)、咪达普利5mg/d(31例)和左旋氨氯地平2.5mg/d(20例),比较治疗前和治疗8周后动态血压和BPV的变化。结果:①多沙唑嗪、咪达普利和左旋氨氯地平组白昼的收缩压和舒张压分别降低9.67/6.64mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)、5.06/2.39mmHg和9.65/5.35mmHg,而左旋氨氯地平组还降低夜间的收缩压和舒张压12.60/8.45mmHg;②多沙唑嗪组和左旋氨氯地平组能降低BPV,多沙唑嗪组24h收缩压、舒张压和白昼的收缩压变异分别减少19.0%、13.8%和12.5%(P<0.05或P<0.01),左旋氨氯地平组夜间收缩压、舒张压变异分别减少27.4%和18.1%(P<0.01和P<0.05)。结论:①多沙唑嗪、咪达普利和左旋氨氯地平组白昼的降压幅度较为明显,而左旋氨氯地平组还能降低夜间的血压;②多沙唑嗪组和左旋氨氯地平组能降低BPV。