The fiber endoscope with guidable and flexible working instruments for endofacelift: A new instrument in facial surgery

The use of endoscopic video-assisted technique in facial rejuvenation is one of the most recent advances in aesthetic plastic surgery of the face. It replaces the bicoronal incision without the necessity of skin resection. The idea is to detach the muscles from the periorbital attachment, forcing the occipital muscle to pull the forehead tissue back and thus elevating the eyebrows. Therefore, we developed a flexible fiber endoscope that allows the surgeon to guide flexible instruments through its working channel. The endoscope is introduced through a 1-cm midscalp incision so that it can be used to expose and treat soft tissue regions in the forehead, the midface, and the neck.     

胶原蛋白海绵人工真皮在皮肤鳞状细胞癌创面修复中的应用

目的：探讨胶原蛋白海绵人工真皮在修复鳞状细胞癌切除后深度皮肤软组织缺损中的应用。方法：选择下肢皮肤鳞状细胞癌患者11例,均术前活检证实,术中按无瘤原则切除清创后,凿除外露骨皮质,将胶原蛋白海绵人工真皮覆盖缝合,外敷持续封闭式负压固定,3周后取自体薄皮片移植于其上,7天后更换负压装置并观察。结果：11例患者鳞癌切除后5例胫骨外露,3例肌腱外露,胶原蛋白海绵人工真皮覆盖后肉芽组织增生迅速,深部组织良好覆盖,均于首次术后21天左右行Ⅱ期植皮手术,创面愈合良好。结论：胶原蛋白海绵人工真皮应用于鳞状细胞癌切除后深度皮肤软组织缺损的修复效果良好,操作简便,局部损伤小,愈后瘢痕增生轻微,利于肿瘤后期治疗,且不增加供皮区瘢痕。     

肿胀麻醉下刮吸结合皮肤切除术治疗腋臭

目的:观察肿胀麻醉下刮吸结合皮肤切除术治疗腋臭的效果.方法:采用腋部切口,肿胀麻醉下刮吸结合皮肤切除术去除大汗腺等组织治疗腋臭.结果:本组32例患者,术后腋部气味消失,效果良好.结论:肿胀麻醉下刮吸结合皮肤切除术治疗腋臭的方法简易,效果确切,并发症少,值得临床推广应用.     

局部皮瓣修复肿物切除术后头面部皮肤软组织缺损中的应用研究

为探究局部皮瓣在修复肿物切除术后头面部皮肤软组织缺损中的应用效果，本研究选取2021年 7月1日-2022年11月1日在我院收治的因头面部病损行局部皮瓣修复肿物切除术后皮肤软组织缺损的患者 50例作为研究对象，于术后随访6个月，观察手术切口长度、皮瓣血运情况、患者对修复的满意度。平均 随访（14.46±2.38）个月后，结果显示手术切口长度（4.29±1.11）cm，平均拆线时间（5.28±0.28）d；皮 瓣血运有98.00%情况为良好，仅有1例为尖端缺血。满意度调查显示，27例表示非常满意（54.00%），12例 表示比较满意（24.00%），7例表示可以接受（14.00%），4例失访。由此可得，局部皮瓣在修复肿物切除 术后头面部皮肤软组织缺损中具有理想的修复效果。     

Anal duct carcinoma: case report and review of the literature

This report details the clinical course of two patients with true anal duct carcinoma. The incidence of this malignancy is low. The tissues of origination are the glands of the anal duct. The features that differentiate this tumor from the usual rectal carcinoma are prominent ductal structures, abundant mucin production with organized mucinous pools, and infiltration into the perirectal soft tissue. The clinical management of anal duct carcinoma remains a surgical challenge. The extent of surgical resection must be radical because of the infiltrative nature of the tumor. This report describes treatment of two patients with anal duct carcinoma. The first patient was a black woman with no previous history of rectal disease. Her operative procedure was an abdominoperineal resection with posterior vaginectomy. Nine months after initial surgery a local recurrence was resected. The second patient was a white man with a previous history of hemorrhoidectomy and anal fissure. He underwent an abdominoperineal resection but had positive dermal skin margins on permanent sections despite wide perirectal soft tissue resection. A secondary resection with confirmed clear margins of the skin was performed 2 weeks postoperatively. One management aspect of anal duct carcinoma that needs emphasis is the need for wide local excision of the perirectal soft tissues.     

Die Tikhoff-Linberg-Resektion bei malignen Tumoren der Schulterregion

Summary Goal of Surgery Radical resection of tumor. Preservation of the limb and of hand and elbow function. Indications Absolute: Primary, malignant bony or soft tissue tumors of the scapula, glenohumeral joint, or proximal humerus requiring extraarticular resection without opening of the glenohumeral joint. Relative: Solitary metastasis. Contraindications Malignant tumors of scapula or humerus having a sufficient distance from the glenohumeral joint sufficient to proceed with an intraarticular resection. Preoperative Work-Up Routine staging. Positioning and Anaesthesia For resection type A: supine, for other types: lateral. General anaesthesia. Surgical Technique Resection of the tumor includes resection of the proximal humerus, of glenohumeral joint, and of parts of or entire scapula. The surgical approach depends on the tumor site. The incision for the Type A resection, described here, starts at the medial third of the clavicula and extends over the coracoid process toward the deltopectoral groove, including the scar of the biopsy incision. Replacement of the proximal humerus by a special prosthesis. Modifications applied in type B and C. Postoperative Management Velpeau dressing for 3 weeks in type A resection, 2 weeks in type B and 6 weeks in type C. Early active and passive motion exercises of hand and elbow. Possible Complications Injury to vessels and nerves, skin or soft tissue necrosis, loosening, breakage or dislocation of prosthesis. Recurrence of malignancy. Results Eight patients were operated. See Table 1. Complications No vessel or nerve damage. One breakage of prosthesis after fall, 1 clavicular fracture after type A resection and clavicula-pro-humero-reconstruction. 1 skin flap necrosis, 1 recurrence with metastases.

     

A New Incision Technique to Reduce Tibiofemoral Mismatch in Rotationplasty

Rotationplasty provides stable and durable biologic reconstruction after tumor resection around the knee and renders reliable results, in young patients. However, after resection of the tumor, there is often a mismatch between the circumference of the proximal (femoral) and the distal (tibial) parts. Because rotationplasty includes an intercalary amputation where the ends are readapted, there is always a mismatch of the proximal and distal circumferences of the soft tissue envelope. To facilitate skin closure without tension and to avoid impaired wound healing and subsequent infections, the type of incision is critical and must be carefully planned. We present a new incision technique for rotationplasty about the knee. Half of the difference of the incision length of the proximal and distal circumferences represents the base of the triangle proximally, medially and laterally of the thigh. After adapting both ends, the peak of this flat triangle is distally adapted via a vertical incision which allows it to match unequal circumferences. This technique was used in eight patients, in all of whom the wounds healed uneventfully.     

Infections after high tibial open wedge osteotomy: a case control study

Background and purpose  

High tibial open wedge valgisation osteotomy (HTO) is a widely used procedure for the treatment of unicompartimental osteoarthritis of the knee. Instead of the classical paramedian longitudinal skin incision, some advocate an oblique incision, in order to get a better exposure of the postero-medial aspect of the tibial head, while reducing strain on the soft tissues. Risk factors for surgical site infection were analysed.     

Nasal Correction in Hyperteleorbitism: The Short and the Long Nose

The soft tissue deformities associated with hyperteleorbitism often present serious reconstructive problems. Although skeletal correction is the basic preliminary step, the final result depends on the quality of the soft tissue and nasal repair. The patients are not interested in the postoperative intercanthal distance or the appearance of the X-ray film. What they want is a good aesthetic appearance and this is closely related to the shape and size of the nose. The short wide noses of the true hyperteleorbitism must be differentiated from the long noses associated with meningoencephalocele and pseudohypertelorism. For the first group, narrowing of the nose and the use of a forehead flap is indicated according to the severity of the problem. For the second group, shortening of the nose is accomplished by transverse resection of skin via a U shaped incision or skin replacement with a forehead flap. Downward sliding of forehead and brows may be necessary. The indication for each procedure is discussed and the different techniques are described.     

The Efficacy of Carotid Tubercle as an Anatomical Landmark for Identification of Cervical Spinal Level in the Anterior Cervical Surgery: Comparison with Preoperative C-arm Fluoroscopy

Background

In cervical anterior approach, transverse skin incision is preferred due to cosmetic reasons. Precise skin incision is required to reach the surgery segment while minimizing soft tissue injury. Skin incision site is frequently identified using C-arm fluoroscopy or the carotid tubercle. Accordingly, this study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of skin incision using the carotid tubercle as a marker.

Methods

This study was retrospectively conducted on 114 patients who underwent anterior cervical surgery by the same surgeon from April 2004 to June 2012. The rate of the appropriate insertion of K-wire, which was inserted into the disc after anterior approach, into the surgery segment was compared between 62 patients where skin incision site was identified using C-arm fluoroscopy before skin incision and 52 patients where skin incision site was identified using carotid tubercle palpitation before surgery.

Results

The needle was shown to have been inserted into the planned site in 106 patients out of the total 114 patients. The appropriate insertion of the needle was shown in 59 patients of group I (95.2%) and in 47 patients of group II (90.4%). Although the success rate was higher in group I than group II, it was statistically insignificant. The success rate of one-segment surgery was shown to be 89.7% in group I and 82.6% in group II. Although the success rate was higher in group I than group II, it was statistically insignificant. The success rate of two-segment surgery was shown to be 100% in group I, and 96.4% in group II due to one case of the failure at C3-4 and C5-6. The success rate of three- and four-segment surgeries was shown to be 100% in both groups.

Conclusions

The identification of skin incision site via carotid tubercle palpation was useful for surgeries involving two or more segments. Furthermore, it could be useful for one-segment surgery if surgical site is identified using vertebral body or soft tissues such as longus collis rather than insertion into the disc.     

Abdominoperineal resection without an abdominal incision for rectal cancer has the advantage of no abdominal wound complication and easier stoma care

Abdominoperineal resection has been used for years for the management of low rectal cancer. However, the abdominal incision is associated with many complications and causes interference of the stoma care. If the abdominal incision can be avoided, it would be beneficial to the patient. The aim of the study is to evaluate the possibility and safety of performing abdominoperineal resection and the oncology result without an abdominal incision. From September 2001 to May 2010, 40 patients with rectal malignancies received excision of the rectum, anus, and perineum through a perineal incision and a skin hole created for stomy. No harmonic scalpel or laser was used during surgery. No laparoscope or hand port was used in the procedure. There were 19 males and 21 females. Age ranged from 31 to 87 years old (average, 62.9 years). There were 39 adenocarcinomas and one malignant gastrointestinal stromal cell tumor. There was no operative mortality. Six patients had postoperative complications; three patients had intestinal obstructions; and one patient each had bleeding, urinary tract infection, and colostomy separation from the skin. The lymph nodes in the specimens ranged from 9 to 33 cm (average, 16.8 cm). The survival is similar to the traditional abdominoperineal resection. This limited experience suggests that an abdominal incision is not necessary for radical resection of the rectum, anus, and perineum in patients with low-lying rectal cancer. It also offers the patient easier care of stoma without interference of the abdominal incision.     

Surgical elimination of the retracted submental fold during double chin correction

In some cases of double chin, the submental fold can become quite obvious. It can persist or even be deepended following a submental fatpad resection if the incision is made following the fold. The steps involved in eliminating this fold are: (1). A curved incision is made 1 cm in front of the fold. (2). The excess fat is reduced, leaving a 1 cm layer attached to the skin. (3). The fold is filled by sliding forward a fat flap taken from the fat remaining on the skin. (4). The sutures in the fat and the skin are not superimposed, to avoid recurrance of the fold.     

Axillary approach for gynecomastia liposuction

Liposuction through an axillary incision is used to treat pseudogynecomastia and true gynecomastia. It avoids the large undermining between the skin and the muscular plane that frequently occurs with usual procedures. When true gynecomastia is present, liposuction can be combined with an inferior periareolar incision for resection of the remaining glandular tissue. Unlike usual procedures that can lead to deep skin adherence, depression in the mammary area, or nipple-areola complex deformity, liposuction provides a well-defined contour for the male breast.     

下睑缘切口组织瓣联合自体脂肪转移修复颧部凹陷畸形

目的:探讨下睑缘切口入路组织瓣联合自体脂肪转移修复颧部软组织凹陷畸形的方法。方法:根据凹陷部位可采用两种修复方法:①凹陷部位在颧脂垫以上:采用下睑缘切口入路,松解瘢痕挛缩的眼轮匝肌;褥式缝合两断端,释放眶隔内脂肪;填充在凹陷区皮下眼轮匝肌与眶隔之间,缝合固定;②凹陷部位在颧脂垫区域时:采用下睑缘切口入路,剥离到凹陷区域皮下;充分松解深层的瘢痕粘连组织,拉拢周围脂肪组织、筋膜等形成软组织瓣,褥式缝合。结果:术后随访6月~2年,11例患者对外形和功能满意。颧部软组织凹陷畸形基本消失。结论:下睑缘切口入路组织瓣联合自体脂肪转移是修复颧部小面积软组织凹陷畸形的有效方法之一。     

应用抓髌器治疗髌骨骨折的体会

应用抓髌器治疗各型髌骨骨折528例,优良率97%。抓髌器具有不切开皮肤和关节囊,不会加大软组织损伤,有利于骨折整复和固定的优点。生物力学测定证实能够维持加压固定。     

自体颗粒脂肪移植联合手术治疗重度眉间纹临床观察

目的:探讨针对重度眉间纹效果稳定的矫治方法。方法:采用在眉头部切口离断部分皱眉肌,辅助自体颗粒脂肪注射充填眉间凹陷区域,在动态及静态重度眉间纹形成机理上分别给予针对性治疗,通过二者结合,达到稳定的治疗效果。结果:15例受术者术后随访6月形态满意,眉间较术前饱满,皱眉肌力明显减弱,重度眉间纹根据术前不同程度变浅或消失,眉间部年轻化效果明显。结论:在离断部分皱眉肌基础上辅助自体颗粒脂肪充填,对于重度眉间纹达到了标本兼治的手术效果,减少术后复发,值得推广。     

眶上微骨窗入路显微手术切除鞍上脑膜瘤

目的 介绍经眶上微骨窗入路切除鞍上脑膜瘤的显微外科技术和经验.方法 经眉内小切口5例,经翼点入路16例,采用眶上约3.5 cm×2.5 cm小骨窗开颅,显微外科技术切除鞍上脑膜瘤21例,肿瘤最大径2.8～6.2 cm,回顾分析其临床资料.结果 所有肿瘤显露良好,Simpson Ⅰ级切除5例,Simpson Ⅱ级切除15例,Simpson Ⅲ级切除1例.无手术死亡及严重并发症,术前视力障碍患者术后均有不同程度改善.术后随访6个月至5年,平均3.8年,影像学上肿瘤残留1例.结论 眶上微骨窗入路可替代传统额下或翼点入路切除鞍上脑膜瘤并具有手术创伤小、术后恢复快等优点.     

RECONSTRUCTION OF A NATURAL-LOOKING UMBILICUS

Based on the assumption that the umbilicus is a wound that has healed by second intention, we describe a method of reconstruction. The procedure consists of complete resection of the umbilical scar and its reconstruction by a linear incision at the site of the new umbilicus and inversion of the skin hedges, which are sutured to the linea alba leaving a 1 cm space between the skin borders to cause secondary wound healing. This procedure provides a natural-looking umbilicus. It is easy and quick to do, and can be used for reconstruction after abdominoplasty, excision of a naevus, or when the umbilicus has been removed during a previous xiphopubic incision.     

Reconstruction of a natural-looking umbilicus.

Based on the assumption that the umbilicus is a wound that has healed by second intention, we describe a method of reconstruction. The procedure consists of complete resection of the umbilical scar and its reconstruction by a linear incision at the site of the new umbilicus and inversion of the skin hedges, which are sutured to the linea alba leaving a 1 cm space between the skin borders to cause secondary wound healing. This procedure provides a natural-looking umbilicus. It is easy and quick to do, and can be used for reconstruction after abdominoplasty, excision of a naevus, or when the umbilicus has been removed during a previous xiphopubic incision.     

Korrektur einer valgischen Unterschenkelfehlstellung bei postradiogener Hautveränderung

Operative procedures on the lower limb demand crucial handling of the surrounding soft tissues. Otherwise skin necrosis may develop and in cases of overlapping to the bone there is a risk of osteitis. Therefore the operative treatment requires an approach which reduces operative trauma to a minimum. However, in some cases even a minimal incision is too traumatic.The case we present, describes the use of an expandable nail-system to correct a valgus deformity in a lower limb, years after radiation therapy for synovial sarcoma. The distinctiveness in this case is the dystrophic skin after irradiation and the surgical options for correction.