刺桐化学成分的研究

目的研究刺桐E ry thrina varieg a ta茎皮的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱分离化合物,运用波谱技术分析确定化学结构。结果从刺桐茎皮65%乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取层中分离得到9个化合物,利用理化性质及波谱分析确定其结构分别为:5,4′-二羟基-8-(3,3-二甲基烯丙基)-2,″2″-二甲基吡喃[5,6∶6,7]异黄酮(Ⅰ)、豆甾醇(Ⅱ)、erythrinas inate B(Ⅲ)、3-羟基-2,′2′-二甲基吡喃[5,6∶9,10]紫檀烷(Ⅳ)、5,7-二羟基-8-(3,3-二甲基烯丙基)-二氢黄酮(Ⅴ)、5,4′-二羟基-2,″2″-二甲基吡喃[5,6∶6,7]异黄酮(Ⅵ)、5,7,4′-三羟基-6,8-二(3,3-二甲基烯丙基)异黄酮(Ⅶ)、5,2,′4′-三羟基-8-(3,3-二甲基烯丙基)-2,″2″-二甲基吡喃[5,6∶6,7]异黄酮(Ⅷ)、5,4′-二羟基-6-(3,3-二甲基烯丙基)-2,″2″-二甲基吡喃[5,6∶7,8]异黄酮(Ⅸ)。结论化合物Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅴ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

龙血竭中黄烷和高异黄烷类化学成分研究

研究龙血竭二氯甲烷提取部位中黄烷和高异黄烷类成分。方法 利用硅胶、聚酰胺柱色谱及反复重结晶等方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱分析对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果 分离得到6个化合物,分别鉴定为7-羟基-4′-甲氧基黄烷（1）、4′-羟基-7-甲氧基-8-甲基黄烷（2）、5,4′-二羟基-7-甲氧基-6-甲基黄烷（3）、7,4′-二羟基高异黄烷（4）、6,4′-二羟基-7-甲氧基高异黄烷（5）和10-羟基-11-甲氧基龙血酮（6）。结论 化合物6为首次从剑叶龙血树中分离得到,化合物2为首次从龙血竭中分离得到。     

斑蝥经光合细菌生物转化后的化学成分研究

目的 研究斑蝥经光合细菌生物转化后的乙酸乙酯萃取部位的化学成分.方法 采用凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、半制备高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)等多种分离方法对乙酸乙酯萃取部位进行分离纯化,采用现代波谱技术结合文献进行结构鉴定.结果 从斑蝥经光合细菌生物转化后的乙酸乙酯萃取部位共分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为N-羟乙基斑蝥胺(1)、N-hydroxyethyl exo-4a-methyl-7a-hydroxymethyl-4,7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]-heptanes-1,3-dicarboximide(2)、N-[亚甲基-4′-(2′-羟基吡啶)]斑蝥胺(3)、N-[2′-(3′,4′-二羟基苯基)乙酮基]-斑蝥胺(4)、N-乙酰基酪胺(5)、N-乙酰多巴胺(6)、2-(3′,4′-二羟基苯基)-3-乙酰氨基-6-(N-乙酰基-2″-氨基乙基)-1,4-苯并二恶烷(7).结论化合物2、3、4为新化合物.     

关龙胆根的化学成分研究

[目的]研究关龙胆根的化学成分.[方法]采用各种色谱方法进行分离纯化,根据物理化学性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构.[结果]从关龙胆根的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、水饱和正丁醇萃取物中分离鉴定了9个单体化合物,分别为3,5,7,4′-四羟基黄酮(1)、红白金花内酯(2)、gentiaphyllide-D(3)、2α,3α,19α,23-四羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(4)、龙胆苦苷(5)、6′-O-β-D-葡萄糖基龙胆苦苷(6)、獐牙菜苦苷(7)、落干酸(8)、6′-O-(2-羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-苯甲酰基)-獐牙菜苷(9).[结论]化合物2,3,4,6和9是首次从该植物中分离得到的.     

狼毒大戟化学成分研究

目的研究狼毒大戟化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱层析进行分离纯化化合物,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从狼毒大戟根的石油醚部分分离出5个化合物,分别鉴定为2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮(1)、3,3′-二乙酰基-4,4′-二甲氧基-2,2′,6,6′-四羟基二苯甲烷(2)、2,4-二羟基-3-醛基-6-甲氧基苯乙酮(3)、富马酸(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)。结论5个化合物均为已知化合物,化合物3为首次从该植物中获得。     

珍珠梅提取物中活性成分的分离及对自由基的清除作用

[目的] 探讨珍珠梅提取物中活性成分的分离方法及对自由基的清除作用。[方法] 用硅胶柱色谱法对珍珠梅提取物进行分离纯化，通过物理化学常数和光谱分析法鉴定分离出的化合物结构，用四氯化碳制作急性肝损伤模型，观察珍珠梅活性成分对大鼠血清、肝匀浆、肝线粒体超氧化物歧化酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性及丙二醛含量的影响。[结果] 从珍珠梅提取物中分离出4种化合物，分别为5，2?A′，4′-三羟基-6，7，5′-三甲氧基黄酮(Ⅰ)、5，7-二羟基-8-甲氧基黄酮(Ⅱ)、丁二酸(Ⅲ)及对羟基苯甲酸(Ⅳ)；珍珠梅提取物中的活性成分对急性肝损伤大鼠血清、肝匀浆及线粒体超氧化物歧化酶及谷胱甘肤过氧化物酶的活性具有明显的升高作用，并具有降低丙二醛含量的作用。[结论] 从珍珠梅提取物中分离出的4种化合物中化合物Ⅰ，Ⅲ是首次得到的，具有清除自由基的作用。     

沉香的化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

目的研究沉香中2-(2-苯乙基)色酮类成分。方法沉香乙醇提取物的乙醚部位,用硅胶柱色谱,以石油醚、醋酸乙酯不同比例梯度洗脱,分得2个成分,通过理化常数和光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从沉香乙醇提取物中分得2个色酮类成分,分别鉴定为6,8-二羟基-2-[2-(3′-甲氧基-4′-羟基苯乙基)]色原酮{6,8-dihydroxy-2-[2-(3′-methoxy-4′-hydroxylphenylethyl)]chromone,}和6-甲氧基-2-[2-(3′-甲氧基-4′-羟基苯乙基)]色原酮{6-methoxy-2-[2-(3′-methoxy-4′-hydroxylphenylethyl)]-chromone,}。结论化合物为新化合物,化合物为已知化合物。     

梓实中的新苯并呋喃

目的研究梓实的化学成分。方法采用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过理化常数和光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果通过UV、IR、ESI-MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、1H-1HCOSY、HMQC、HMBC、NOESY和CD等光谱分析鉴定新化合物为2(S)-[3′-羟基-5′-甲氧基]苯基-3(S)-甲酸乙酯基-6-反丙烯酸乙酯基-8-甲氧基苯并呋喃[2(S)-(3′-hydroxy-5′-methoxy)-benz-3(S)-ethoxycarbonyl-6-trans-ethylacrylate-8-methoxy-benzofuran]。结论该化合物为新化合物,命名为梓呋新。     

乌苏里藜芦茎叶化学成分研究

目的对乌苏里藜芦Veratrum nigrum var.ussuriense地上部分的化学成分进行研究。方法通过溶剂分配和反复硅胶柱色谱进行化合物的分离、纯化,并利用质谱和核磁共振(包括1D和2D)等波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果分离鉴定了4个化合物,分别鉴定为6-羟基-7-甲氧基-2-(3′-羟基-2′,5′-二甲氧基苯基)苯骈呋喃(Ⅰ)、白藜芦醇(Ⅱ)、3,5,2′,4′-四羟基茋(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)。结论化合物Ⅰ为新化合物,命名为藜芦呋喃素;化合物Ⅱ～Ⅳ为首次从该植物的地上部分中分离得到。     

薄荷中黄酮类成分的研究

薄荷为唇形科植物薄荷M entha hap loca lyxB riq.的干燥地上部分,是一味常用解表中药[1]。目前国内外对其化学成分的研究集中在挥发油部分,而对其非挥发性成分报道较少[2,3]。在对银翘散抗流感病毒有效部位群的研究中发现,薄荷对该有效部位群中的总酚类化合物贡献最大[4],因此对薄荷中的酚类成分进行了深入的研究,并从中分离鉴定了10个黄酮类化合物,分别为5,6,4′-三羟基-7,8,二甲基黄酮(Ⅰ)、5,6,4′-三羟基-7,8,3′-三甲氧基黄酮(Ⅱ)、5,6-二羟基-7,8,3,′4′-四甲氧基黄酮(Ⅲ)、5-羟基-6,7,8,3,′4′-五甲氧基黄酮(Ⅳ)、5,3′-二羟基-6…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.