射频消融治疗快速性心律失常

射频消融术自１９８７年用于临床以来，已成为房室折返性心动过速、房室结折返性心动过速、房性心动过速、心房扑动和室性心动过速（特发性和束支折返性）的首选根治方法。近１０年的临床应用结果表明射频消融术安全有效，我国现已有１００００多名心动过速患者接受射频消...     

导管射频消融治疗快速性心律失常

射频电能(Rad iofrequency energy)是一种低电压高频(30·0KHz~1·5MHz)电能,在外科电切、电凝、神经外科等领域应用已逾50年。射频消融仪通过患者背部的电极板和导管头端的电极释放射频电能,在导管头端与局部心肌内膜之间电能转化为热能,达到一定温度(46℃~90℃)后,使局部心肌细胞脱水、变性、坏死(损伤直径7~8mm,深度3~5mm),自律性和传导性能均发生改变,从而使心律失常得以根治。1987年SK Huang等在动物试验中证实射频电能可安全地消融房室结,造成完全性房室阻滞,1989年正式应用于人体,从此开始了射频消融根治心律失常的新篇章。自199…     

射频消融治疗快速性心律失常的体会

临床安全应用射频导管消融（ＲＦＣＡ）治疗各类快速性心律失常７８０例，总成功率９７．８％。其中房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）５５４例；房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）１８２例；房扑１５例；房颤５例；特发性室速８例；右室流出道室速、室早１４例；致心律失常性右室心肌病（ＡＲＶＣ）２例。本组患者无一例发生血胸、气胸、心包填塞、动脉拴塞、３°房室传导阻滞、室颤等严重并发症。本文特别强调了术前充分准备、术中精确标测定位、细心轻巧操作、严谨控制消融能量和时间，术中与术后严密监护，可以最大程度地降低并发症的发生率。     

经导管射频消融治疗快速性心律失常的并发症及预防

目的 探讨经导管射频消融治疗过程中的并发症及预防。方法 采用经导管射频消融治疗的方法对４１０例快速心律失常患进行治疗。结果 所有的病例经射频消融治疗总成功率为９４．２％;发生三度房室传导阻滞４例,总发生率为０．９８％;发生一度房室传导阻滞及安全性右束支传导阻滞１例,发生率为０．２４％;术中或术后发生迷走亢进１５例。结论术丰富的心脏电生理和解剖结构知识可以明显的降低并发症的发生。     

快速性心律失常的射频消融治疗

采用射频导管消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）治疗快速性心律失常１５６例，其中房室折返性心动过速９６例，房室结折返性心动过速５６例，室性心动过速３例，房性心动过速伴阵发性心房扑动１例．１５６例中１５２例获得成功，成功率为９７．４４％．４例出现并发症，占２．５６％．在随访１～２４个月中，３例（１．９７％）复发，而再次行射频消融治疗获得成功．文中对ＲＦＣＡ治疗快速性心律失常的疗效作了评价，并对其适应证及术后迟发性房室传导阻滞的防治进行了讨论．     

导管法射频消融治疗老年人快速性心律失常

目的观察导管法射频消融(RFCA)治疗老年人快速性心律失常的安全性和有效性。方法老年人快速性心律失常患者40例,年龄60～82岁,平均(65±6.3)岁,男23例,女17例。常规电生理检查后行导管法射频消融治疗。结果电生理检查结果显示右侧旁路(RAP)3例,左侧旁路(LAP)11例,房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)21例(其中慢慢型AVNRT3例),房速1例,房扑(AF)3例,左室特发性室速(ILVT)1例。40例老年患者消融成功39例,成功率97.5%,1例AF患者消融失败;2月后1例房扑患者复发,再次消融成功。2例出现血管并发症,均为股动脉血肿。术后随访6月～5年,成功消融患者均无心律失常复发,无其他消融相关并发症出现。结论导管法射频消融治疗老年人快速性心律失常安全、有效。     

射频消融治疗心律失常并发症分析

射频消融５６６例病人中有并发症者１２例，发生率２．１２％，其中Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞，心室颤动、气胸各２例，下肢动脉血栓形成３例，轻度心包填塞１例，均发生于前２００例中，表明并发症发生率与操作者经验有关。     

回顾分析射频消融治疗快速性心律失常

目的:探讨射频消融术治疗快速性心律失常的临床疗效及安全性。方法:回顾分析射频消融术(RFCA)治疗快速心律失常病人1230例,其中房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)522例,房室折返性心动过速(AVRT)678例(左侧旁道598例,右侧旁道80例),特发性室性心动过速(IVT)30例。结果:经射频消融治疗后总成功率为97.8%,其中AVRT成功率为98.3%,AVNRT成功率为99.8%,IVT成功率为96.7%;复发率为1.6%。结论:射频消融术是根治快速心律失常的一种安全有效的方法,成功率高,并发症少。     

射频消融治疗快速性心律失常的体会

射频消融治疗快速性心律失常的体会中国医科院北京协和医院（１００７３０）邓华，焦镇射频消融术治疗快速性心律失常的成败取决于木者扎实的电生理学基础和娴熟的操作技艺，本文就有关问题谈以下体会。穿刺部位的选择：对个别疑难的右游离旁路或右室游离壁起源的室性心动...     

房性快速心律失常的消融射频治疗

随着经导管射频消融术成功治疗房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）和房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）,该技术也用于治疗多种房性快速心律失常,包括发生机制为折返性、触发激动或异常自律性增加的房性心动过速（ＡＴ）、Ｉ型或典型心房扑动（ＡＦＬ）、心房颤动（ＡＦ）、窦房结折返性心动过速（ＳＮＲＴ）和不适当窦性心动过速（ＩＳＴ）。近年来,随着射频消融治疗病例数的增加和经验的积累,射频消融术治疗房性快速心律失常成功率已达到９０％左右,并且已被公认为是临床上治疗房性心动过速和典型房扑的首选方法。相信在不久的将来,射…     

多弹头射频治疗小肝癌

探讨多弹头射频治疗小肝癌的疗效及价值.对43例小肝癌患者行射频治疗,术中直视肿瘤射频治疗前后的图象及CT值,术后观察肿瘤大小,血供情况及AFP值的变化.结果显示:完全缓解率(CR)95.35%;部分缓解率(PR)4.65%;有效率100%.多弹头射频治疗小肝癌疗效确切而满意,对临床有较高的应用价值.     

Complications and risk of high frequency catheter ablation of tachycardiac arrhythmias

Radiofrequency catheter ablation has established itself as a first line therapy for the curative treatment of many patients with supraventricular or atrioventricular tachycardias and also for selected types of ventricular tachycardia. The success rates of catheter ablation of various types of cardiac arrhythmias are impressively high. Procedure related complications can be attributed to the invasive nature of the technique (e.g., bleeding or other vascular complications, radiation exposure) but may also occur as a specific complication related to the type of intervention performed (e.g., complete AV-block following attempted modification of the AV-node). In patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation procedures, radiation exposure carries a small but measurable risk of malignancy and hereditary disorders. The risk of fatal malignancy has been calculated to be approximately 1/1000 per hour of fluoroscopy and the risk of significant hereditary disorders approximately 10 per 1 million live births per hour fluoroscopy time. However, it is important to realize that these risks are age and sex dependent being higher in young and/or female patients. For the physician performing catheter ablation procedures no significant risks related to fluoroscopy exposure may be expected as long as all established tools for protection are used. Based on the results of large single center studies and multicenter investigations, complications during or after radiofrequency catheter ablation of supraventricular or atrioventricular arrhythmias may occur in 4-5% of cases. Severe complications (life threatening or permanently disabling complications) may occur in approximately 1-2% of patients treated. In patients undergoing ablation of ventricular tachycardia, a higher incidence of total procedure related complications between 5-7% and severe complications (3-4%) may be expected. The higher incidence of complications in patients with ventricular tachycardia when compared to catheter ablation of supraventricular or atrioventricular tachycardia may be explained by the fact that many patients with ventricular tachycardia suffer from severe cardiovascular disease.     

心律失常的上游治疗

心律失常是临床常见病,恶性心律失常尤其是心室颤动（ventricular fibrillation,VF）更是心源性猝死的主要原因。但心律失常的治疗效果并不令人满意,在药物治疗方面,目前陷于困境。传统抗心律失常药针对心肌细胞不同离子通道起作用,改变心肌细胞动作电位时程、不应期时程和电传导性,或影响自律心肌细胞的4相自动除极速度,从而在短时间内,     

Surgical treatment of arrhythmia

The surgical treatment of rhythm disorders began with interruption of the atrio-ventricular conduction by surgical section of the His bundle, then of the accessory path (Kent bundle) in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Later on, surgery was extended to the treatment of chronic ventricular tachycardias. At a time when surgery seems to be progressively replaced by ablation methods using physical agents, electric shock or radio-frequency current, applied through endoluminal probes, it seemed justified to evaluate the established surgical procedures in the treatment of rhythm disorders. Therefore, this study proposes to review the current place of these methods which, in the last few years, have been modified in order to improve the quality of the results, decrease the mortality and specify their indications.     

射频消融治疗阵发性房颤46例护理体会

心房颤动（房颤）是非常常见的一种心律失常,轻者影响生活质量,重者可致残、致死。房颤是脑卒中和心衰最强烈的独立危险因素。然而,药物治疗房颤用于转复和维持窦性心律疗效差,副作用明显,长期以来房颤缺乏安全有效的节律控制方法。近来,房颤导管消融取得了长足进展,     

CT引导经皮肝穿射频治疗肝癌

研究集束电极射频 (radiofrequency ,RF)治疗肝癌的方法及疗效。在CT引导下将中空金属钛多极穿刺针经皮直接穿刺置入瘤体 ,分点一次或多次对瘤体进行射频治疗 ,术中直视肿瘤射频治疗后的图像及CT值 ,术后观察患者的瘤体血供情况、肿瘤大小及AFP值的变化。瘤体直径 <5cm的肝癌 ,术后 1- 5个月大部分瘤体血供消失 ,瘤体缩小 ,瘤体直径 >5cm的肝癌 ,配合介入栓塞治疗 ,多数瘤体缩小。CT引导多弹头射频治疗肝癌定位准确 ,近期疗效安全有效     

Surgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmia

The data available in the literature show that application of indirect tools (sympathectomy, aortocoronary bypass, aneurysmectomy) provide good results in abolishing ventricular tachycardias approximately in 57% of cases. In this connection, quite a number of new so-called direct operations on arrhythmia substrates have been developed. These include circular endocardial ventricular resection, extensive fibrous endocardial resection, fibrous endocardial resection under the monitoring of beating heart mapping, cryo-, and laser exposures. The author has his own good results: the operative mortality is 12% in patients with coronary heart disease and ventricular tachycardias. Thus, the author's findings indicate that 5 years later 75% of the patients who had undergone a direct operation for ventricular tachycardia were alive.     

心律失常治疗的某些进展

近年心律失常治疗有了一定进展,其中药物治疗进展较慢,但介入治疗发展极快。本文拟就药物治疗、经导管电消融、心脏起搏器、埋藏式转复除颤器(ICD)及心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)等5个方面的进展介绍如下。1药物治疗自从20世纪90年代初CAST研究公布后,Ⅰ类抗心律失常药物应用大减,Ⅱ类抗心律失常药物(β受体阻滞剂)虽然兼有抗心肌缺血及治疗心力衰竭等多种作用,但对室性与室上性心动过速疗效不佳,所以临床应用有限,Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物胺碘酮则备受推崇,是治疗室性心律失常与心房颤动(房颤)的首选药物。但由于长期用药不良反应较大限制其广泛…