共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
莲子多糖增强环磷酰胺致免疫抑制小鼠机体免疫功能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
背景:多糖类成分在中药中普遍存在,具有广泛的生物活性,能激活T、B和NK细胞,调节细胞因子和补体等,可能是中药发挥调节机体免疫功能的重要物质基础之一。
目的:探讨莲子多糖对免疫抑制小鼠机体免疫功能影响。
设计、时间及地点:随机对照动物实验,分子水平检测,于2001-02/07在河南中医学院药理实验室完成。
材料:清洁级昆明种4周龄小鼠30只,由河南省医学实验动物中心提供;莲子多糖为睡莲科植物莲的干燥成熟种子的提取物,由河南中医学院化学室提供;香菇多糖片为浙江普洛康裕天然药物有限公司产品。
方法:取6只小鼠作为正常对照组,剩余24只小鼠建立免疫抑制模型,分别于第1,2,3天腹腔注射环磷酰胺75 mg/kg,造模后随机分为4组,大、小剂量莲子多糖组分别灌服400,200 mg/kg莲子多糖水溶液,香菇多糖组灌服100 mg/kg香菇多糖混悬液,模型组灌服等体积生理盐水。每天给药1次,连续给药7 d。
主要观察指标:腹腔巨噬细胞分泌白细胞介素1α的活性,脾细胞分泌白细胞介素2的活性,脾细胞体外增殖情况,血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体含量变化。
结果:小鼠30只均进入结果分析。与模型组比较,香菇多糖组能显著提高腹腔巨噬细胞上清液按1∶2,1∶4稀释时所分泌的白细胞介素1α活性(F=2.886,3.012,P < 0.05),大剂量莲子多糖组可明显提高腹腔巨噬细胞上清液按1∶2稀释时所分泌的白细胞介素1α活性(F=2.275,P < 0.05);小剂量莲子多糖组可明显提高脾细胞上清液按1∶2,1∶4稀释时所分泌的白细胞介素2活性(F=2.405,2.574,P < 0.05);香菇多糖组与大、小剂量莲子多糖组均能明显促进经刀豆素A或脂多糖刺激的脾细胞数量(F=2.489~6.207,P < 0.05或0.01);香菇多糖组与小剂量莲子多糖组血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体水平均明显降低(F=5.298,P < 0.01;F=2.435,P < 0.05)。
结论:莲子多糖可提高免疫抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞和脾细胞分泌的白细胞介素1α、白细胞介素2活性,促进经刀豆素A或脂多糖刺激的脾细胞增殖,并降低血清可溶性白细胞介素2受体水平,具有较好的增强免疫效果。 相似文献
2.
熟地黄多糖对气血双虚小鼠全血细胞及血清粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子水平的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
背景:熟地黄为生地黄的炮制加工品,现代研究多集中在熟地黄粗品的止血、补血、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗炎、益智、降糖等方面,也有对机体免疫功能的影响,但缺少熟地黄活性部位对气血双虚模型动物的影响报道。
目的:观察熟地黄多糖对气血双虚小鼠全血细胞及血清粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子水平的影响。
设计、时间及地点:随机对照,动物血液学分子水平检测,于2002-02/06在河南中医学院动物实验中心完成。
材料:清洁级昆明种6周龄雄性小鼠60只,由河南省医学实验动物中心提供。地黄购于河南武陟县药材公司,由本院化学室按药典方法经脱脂、水提、醇沉、除蛋白、透析、洗脱、真空干燥等工艺制得熟地黄多糖。当归补血口服液为郑州市协和制药厂产品。环磷酰胺为上海华联制药有限公司产品。
方法:取50只小鼠,每只尾部放血0.5 mL,分别于第2,4,6,8天腹腔注射环磷酰胺80,40,40,40 mg/kg建立气血双虚模型,随机分为5组,高、中、低剂量熟地黄多糖组分别灌胃400,200,100 mg/kg熟地黄多糖水溶液,当归补血口服液组灌胃6.6 mL/kg当归补血口服液,模型组仅灌胃同体积生理盐水,1次/d,连续给药10 d。剩余10小鼠作为空白对照组,仅腹腔注射同体积生理盐水,尾部不放血。
主要观察指标:尾部取血检测全血细胞及血清粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子水平的变化。
结果:60只小鼠均进入结果分析。与空白对照组比较,模型组全血细胞水平显著降低(t=2.838~13.429,P < 0.01),血清粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子含量明显降低(t=3.266,P < 0.05),表明骨髓造血功能受到抑制,造模成功。与模型组比较,高、中剂量熟地黄多糖组和当归补血口服液组均能显著升高红细胞、白细胞、血小板和血红蛋白水平(t = 2.998~12.83,P < 0.01);低剂量熟地黄多糖组能明显升高红细胞、白细胞、血小板水平(t=2.779~4.653,P < 0.01或0.05)。与模型组比较,高、中剂量熟地黄多糖组和当归补血口服液组可显著提高血清粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子含量(t=3.740~6.588,P < 0.01);低剂量熟地黄多糖组可明显提高血清粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子含量(t=2.662,P < 0.05)。
结论:熟地黄多糖可促进机体的造血机能,给予高、中剂量时对气血双虚小鼠外周血血细胞状况和血清粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子水平均有显著改善作用,以中剂量提升作用最强。 相似文献
3.
彭仕友 《中国神经再生研究》2009,13(21)
目的:研究微囊化儿茶素对环磷酰胺致免疫低下小鼠特异性细胞免疫功能、特异性体液免疫、非特异性体液免疫及胸腺与脾脏的脏器系数的影响。方法: 200只体重(20g±2)g昆明种小鼠,雌雄各半。随机分生理盐水组;空白对照组;儿茶素高、中、低剂量组;乙基纤维素高、中、低剂量组;微胶囊化儿茶素高、中、低剂量组;CY组;CY +微胶囊化儿茶素高、中、低剂量组; CY +儿茶素高、中、低剂量组; CY +乙基纤维素高、中、低剂量组共21组。生理盐水、儿茶素、乙基纤维素、微胶囊化儿茶素均灌胃给药,连续给药14天; CY自第11天起腹腔注射给药80mg•kg-1,连续4天。利用小鼠迟发型超敏反应测定特异性细胞免疫功能、血清溶血素实验测定特异性体液免疫功能、小鼠碳粒廓清指数测定非特异性体液免疫功能以及脾指数与胸腺指数衡量机体免疫功能。结果:儿茶素可显著提高正常小鼠及环磷酰胺致免疫低下型小鼠的特异性细胞免疫功能、特异性体液免疫、非特异性体液免疫、胸腺与脾脏的脏器系数,微囊化儿茶素较游离儿茶素更优。结论:儿茶素微囊化后,有助于提高其免疫调节功能。 相似文献
4.
目的:人脐血造血干细胞得以移植于小鼠体内,其理论基础是放射线照射使小鼠骨髓枯竭,龛位腾出,为移植的脐血造血干细胞提供空间,而猪苓多糖是从中药猪苓中提取的多糖成分,具有免疫调节抗肿瘤作用,也是一种非T细胞促有丝分裂素,对放射线照射有一定的防护作用。观察猪苓多糖对脐血造血干细胞体外扩增及干细胞移植后免疫重建效应。
方法: 实验于2004-06/2006-05在兰州大学基础医学院免疫研究所完成。①实验材料:清洁级BALB/c小鼠由兰州生物制品研究所提供,8周龄,体质量约20 g,雌雄各半,实验过程中对动物处置符合动物伦理学标准。脐血样本由兰泰医院妇产科提供,产妇及家属对实验知情同意,并经医院伦理委员会批准。猪苓多糖由兰州大学第一医院提供。②实验方法:应用20,17.5,12.5,7.5 mg/L猪苓多糖体外扩增培养脐血造血干细胞,并测定细胞增殖率及CD34+细胞数。将BALB/c小鼠分为正常对照组:尾静脉、腹腔注射等量生理盐水;照射空白组:3.5Gy经60Coγ放射线照射联合尾静脉、腹腔注射等量生理盐水;照射药物组:3.5Gy经60Coγ放射线照射联合尾静脉注射等量生理盐水、腹腔注射猪苓多糖;照射移植组(n =15):3.5Gy经60Coγ放射线照射联合脐血造血干细胞移植、腹腔注射等量生理盐水;照射移植药物组:3.5Gy经60Coγ放射线照射联合脐血造血干细胞移植、腹腔注射猪苓多糖。③实验评估:观察小鼠生存状况及血常规变化,流式细胞仪测定CD3、CD4、CD8、CD19水平。
结果:57只小鼠均进入结果分析。①12.5 mg/L猪苓多糖增殖效率最为显著(P < 0.01),流式细胞仪测定显示CD34+细胞数扩增了6.33倍。移植药物组小鼠死亡率最低,死亡高峰集中在照射移植后7~14 d左右。②移植药物组小鼠血象恢复正常,并且时间明显短于其他实验组(P < 0.05)。③细胞及体液免疫恢复情况,移植药物组小鼠各项指标水平与正常小鼠无差别(P > 0.05),与其他各组小鼠比较,除CD4、CD19水平与照射移植小鼠无差别外均有差别(P < 0.05)。
结论:猪苓多糖对脐血造血干细胞有明显扩增作用,并能促进脐血造血干细胞移植小鼠免疫造血重建。 相似文献
5.
背景:对罗汉果的遗传毒性进行研究,可为其安全使用提供实验依据。
目的:观察罗汉果水提液对雄性小鼠骨髓细胞微核率和附睾精子畸形率的影响,了解其是否有遗传毒性。
方法:按罗汉果水提液最大使用剂量(3 g/mL)和最大灌胃容量(20 mL/kg)灌胃小鼠,观察罗汉果水提液的急性毒性。将雄性昆明小鼠随机分为5组,分别灌胃给予30,15,7.5 g/kg的罗汉果水煎液、蒸馏水,连续5 d;或腹腔注射40 mg/kg环磷酰胺。于灌胃第5天,采用骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验计算小鼠的骨髓微核率。于首次灌胃后第35天,观察小鼠精子畸形率。
结果与结论:罗汉果水提液对昆明小鼠的经口急性毒性最大耐受剂量大于120 g/kg。罗汉果水提液30,15,7.5 g/kg灌胃后,小鼠的骨髓微核率、精子畸形率与正常小鼠无差异(P > 0.05),均明显低于环磷酰胺诱发的骨髓微核率和精子畸形率(P < 0.05)。说明罗汉果水提液对成年雄性小鼠无明显遗传毒性。 相似文献
6.
目的探讨白灵菇真菌多糖对衰老模型小鼠学习记忆能力、脑组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。方法 72只健康成年ICR小鼠随机分为白灵菇真菌多糖低、中、高剂量组和脑复康治疗组、衰老小鼠模型组、正常对照组,每组12只小鼠。采用D-半乳糖注射法制作衰老小鼠模型。白灵菇真菌多糖低、中、高剂量组于制模第3周起每日分别给予白灵菇真菌多糖2 g/kg、3 g/kg、6 g/kg灌胃治疗,连续3周。脑复康治疗组同期给予脑复康620 mg/kg灌胃治疗,衰老小鼠模型组和正常对照组小鼠给予等量双蒸水替代。分别采用Y迷宫、黄嘌呤氧化酶法和TBA比色法检测各组小鼠学习记忆能力、脑组织SOD活性和MDA含量。结果衰老小鼠模型组学习记忆能力检测达标所需的训练次数明显多于正常对照组、脑复康治疗组、白灵菇真菌多糖中剂量和高剂量组(均P<0.05);而与白灵菇真菌多糖低剂量组比较差异无统计学意义。与衰老小鼠模型组比较,正常对照组、脑复康治疗组和白灵菇真菌多糖中、高剂量组小鼠脑组织SOD活性明显增强、MDA含量明显减少(P<0.05~0.01)。白灵菇真菌多糖低剂量组小鼠脑组织SOD活性、MDA含量与衰老小鼠模型组差异无统计学意义。结论中、高剂量白灵菇真菌多糖可改善D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠的学习记忆能力,这可能与其抗氧化作用有关。 相似文献
7.
背景:人源化非肥胖糖尿病/重症联合免疫缺陷(nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient,NOD/SCID)小鼠模型在生物及医学科学研究中被广泛应用,而提高人源化NOD/SCID小鼠模型中的人源化水平是研究者的迫切需要。
目的:探讨提高人源化NOD/SCID小鼠模型人源化水平的措施。
设计、时间及地点:随机对照动物实验,于2008-11/2009-01在广西医科大学实验动物中心及广西医科大学第一附属医院完成。
材料:雄性NOD/SCID小鼠14只,体质量(25.0±1.5)g;1例骨髓标本约6 mL(多部位分层次采集)取自健康志愿者;1例足月脐带血标本大约90 mL,取自广西医科大学第一附属医院产科,为健康产妇。
方法:无菌抗凝的正常骨髓及足月脐带血样本均在采集后6 h内处理。密度梯度离心法分离单个核细胞。将14只小鼠标号电脑随机分为5组:全身照射/环磷酰胺骨髓移植组(n=3),全身照射/环磷酰胺脐血移植组(n=3),全身照射骨髓移植组(n=3),全身照射脐血移植组(n=3),空白对照组(n=2)。将人骨髓或脐血单个核细胞分别移植给经不同方案和剂量预处理的各组小鼠,移植后给小鼠腹腔注射重组人粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子及重组人促红细胞生成素。
主要观察指标:各组小鼠输注的细胞数,小鼠存活情况并计算死亡率,移植6周后流式细胞仪检测小鼠骨髓及外周血人CD45+细胞比例。
结果:全身照射/环磷酰胺骨髓移植组、全身照射骨髓移植组和全身照射/环磷酰胺脐血移植组、全身照射脐血移植组小鼠输注人单个核细胞数分别为(0.656 0±0.008 9) ×106和(4.077 5±0.845 0)×106。全身照射/环磷酰胺组死亡率均为100%,全身照射组死亡率均为33.3%。全身照射后再加环磷酰胺,小鼠不能耐受;而全身照射剂量越大,死亡率越高,当达400 cGy时,死亡率100%。存活小鼠移植6周后,流式细胞仪检测小鼠骨髓中人CD45+细胞的比例,全身照射脐血移植组13号和6号小鼠分别为59.61%和21.46%,而全身照射骨髓移植组2号和8号小鼠其比例均为0,空白对照组小鼠比例均为0。而在13号小鼠骨髓细胞中,CD33+细胞比例为13.13%,GlyA+CD45-细胞比例为20.21%。
结论:要建立人源化NOD/SCID小鼠模型,所输入的造血干细胞数量一定要达到阈剂量,而在可耐受的范围内,尽可能提高预处理的强度,并使用人细胞因子可提高人源化NOD/SCID小鼠模型的人源化比例。 相似文献
8.
背景:甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅纳米复合材料已通过了包括细胞毒性试验、溶血试验、急性全身毒性试验、口腔黏膜刺激试验、皮肤致敏反应试验的生物安全性检测。
目的:采用小鼠骨髓微核试验进一步探讨聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅纳米义齿树脂对细胞遗传物质可能产生的损伤作用。
设计、时间及地点:随机对照动物实验,于2007-11/2008-01在天津医科大学公共卫生学院毒理实验室完成。
材料:SPF级昆明小白鼠50只,随机分为5组:阴性对照组,低、中、高剂量混悬液组,阳性对照组,10只/组。聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅纳米义齿树脂由天津医科大学口腔医院制备。
方法:将聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅纳米义齿树脂材料粉碎成细小颗粒,过筛后加入生理盐水形成混悬液,质量浓度为0.3 g/mL。阴性对照组灌胃生理盐水;低、中、高剂量混悬液组分别按15.0,7.5,3.75 g/kg灌胃混悬液进行染毒;阳性对照组腹腔注射环磷酰胺,按40 mg/kg给药。第1次染毒后24 h再次染毒,末次染毒后6 h取材,取胸骨骨髓加入胎牛血清制备涂片,Giemsa染色。
主要观察指标:每只小鼠骨髓涂片计数1 000个嗜多染红细胞,记录含微核的嗜多染红细胞数,求出微核率。
结果:阴性对照组微核率为0.248%,阳性对照组为4.384%,低、中、高剂量混悬液组微核率分别为0.150%,0.254%,0.277%。与阴性对照组比较,低、中、高剂量混悬液组微核率无明显变化(P > 0.05),阳性对照组微核率显著升高(P < 0.01)。
结论:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅纳米义齿树脂对小鼠细胞染色体无明显的诱变效应,具有较好的生物安全性。 相似文献
9.
目的 观察奥氮平对谷氨酸功能低下小鼠模型表现出的高活动性及前脉冲抑制(PPI)缺失的作用.方法 昆明种小鼠165只.(1)取36只小鼠分为4组:溶媒空白对照组(腹腔注射溶媒,以下简称对照组),3种奥氮平剂量(0.1 mg/kg体质量,0.2 mg/kg体质量,0.3 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射)组,每组8~10只;观察奥氮平对小鼠探究行为和自主活动的影响.(2)取49只小鼠分为5组:对照组,地卓西平马来酸盐(MK-801)模型组(溶媒+MK-801,0.25 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射),3种剂量(同上)奥氮平干预组(奥氮平+MK-801 0.25 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射),每组9~10只;观察奥氮平对MK-801致小鼠自主活动增加的影响.(3)取80只小鼠分为8组:对照组,MK-801模型组(溶媒+MK-801,0.5 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射),3种奥氮平剂量给药组(奥氮平+生理盐水,奥氮平剂量分别为0.3 mg/kg体质量,1 mg/kg体质量,3 mg/kg体质量),3种奥氮平剂量(同上)干预组(奥氮平+MK-801 0.5 mg/kg体质量,腹腔注射),每组10只;观察奥氮平对基线前脉冲抑制(PPI)及MK-801引起的PPI缺失的影响.结果 (1)与对照组比较,奥氮平剂量为0.2 mg/kg体质量和0.3mg/kg体质量时,小鼠的探究行为及自主活动总路程减少(P均<0.05);但剂量为0.1 mg/kg时,对小鼠的探究行为(P=0.363)及自主活动(P=0.196)无影响.(2)奥氮平剂量为0.1~0.3 mg/kg体质量时,呈剂量依赖性抑制MK-801引起的自主活动增加(P均<0.05).(3)奥氮平剂量为0.3~3mg/kg体质量时,对基线的PPI无影响(P均>0.05),剂量为1~3 mg/kg时呈剂量依赖性修复了MK-801引起的PPI缺失(P均<0.05).结论 奥氮平能够特异性地抑制谷氨酸功能低下小鼠模型表现出的高活动性和PPI缺失,与奥氮平的临床药理作用一致. 相似文献
10.
背景:目前国内关于环磷酰胺对骨质的研究主要集中在对骨质疏松的研究。
目的: 验证环磷酰胺对骨折愈合的影响。
设计、时间及地点:随机对照动物实验,于2008-01/03在安徽医科大学动物实验中心完成。
材料:健康成年雄性新西兰大白兔48只,体质量3.0~3.2 kg。环磷酰胺为江苏恒瑞医药公司产品,国药准字H32020857。
方法:48只新西兰大白兔于右侧胫骨中段造成3 mm缺损,随机分成环磷酰胺、生理盐水2组,每组24只。术后第2天对环磷酰胺组动物进行环磷酰胺腹腔注射,每次20 mg/kg,生理盐水组给予腹腔注射生理盐水10 mL/只。注射1次/d,连续2周。
主要观察指标:术后2,4,8周,行X射线摄片骨密度测试,分别抽取兔耳缘静脉血,测血钙、血磷、碱性磷酸酶,两组各随机取8只兔处死,取双侧胫骨断段行组织学检查、机械力学测试。
结果:环磷酰胺组2,4,8周后从X射线以及骨密度和骨密度比率可以看出环磷酰胺抑制骨痂的形成,组织形态学也能证实骨痂形成的缺乏,血钙血磷以及碱性磷酸酶也明显降低。8周后环磷酰胺组力学测试的4项参数平均化为对侧完整胫骨参数值的百分比后比生理盐水组低,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05,P < 0.01)。
结论:环磷酰胺可延迟骨折的愈合,引起软组织水肿,导致骨缺失,减少骨折愈合后的机械强度。 相似文献
11.
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate exhibits a remarkable neuroprotective effect.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate on astrocytes in an interleukin-6 (IL-6) overexpressing mice following local cerebral ischemia.
DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, cytological, controlled, animal study was performed in the Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Neurology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina from January 2005 to March 2005.
MATERIALS: Nine IL-6 transgenic mice, irrespective of gender, were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated, model, and treatment, with three mice in each group. With exception of the sham-operated group, right middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in the mice. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, an astrocyte marker, was determined by immunohistochemistry. Low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate was purchased from Biochemistry and Biotechnique Institute, Shandong University.
METHODS: Two minutes prior to ischemia induction, 0.5 mL/kg saline or 20 000 U/kg low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate were administrated via the femoral artery in the model group and treatment group, respectively. The sham-operated group underwent the same protocols, with the exception of occlusion and treatment.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells was quantified under light microscopy (x200).
RESULTS: In the sham-operated group, there were a large number of astrocytes in the IL-6 transgenic mice. However, the cell bodies were small, and the branches were few and thin. The number of astrocytes in the model group was remarkably less than the sham-operated group. Compared to the model and sham-operated groups, the number of astrocytes significantly increased, and the cell body became larger, following treatment with low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate. Astrocytes exhibited hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and the processes became longer and thicker.
CONCLUSION: The low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate may provide neuroprotection through astrocytic activation at the super-early stage of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. 相似文献
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate on astrocytes in an interleukin-6 (IL-6) overexpressing mice following local cerebral ischemia.
DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, cytological, controlled, animal study was performed in the Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Neurology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina from January 2005 to March 2005.
MATERIALS: Nine IL-6 transgenic mice, irrespective of gender, were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated, model, and treatment, with three mice in each group. With exception of the sham-operated group, right middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in the mice. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, an astrocyte marker, was determined by immunohistochemistry. Low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate was purchased from Biochemistry and Biotechnique Institute, Shandong University.
METHODS: Two minutes prior to ischemia induction, 0.5 mL/kg saline or 20 000 U/kg low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate were administrated via the femoral artery in the model group and treatment group, respectively. The sham-operated group underwent the same protocols, with the exception of occlusion and treatment.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells was quantified under light microscopy (x200).
RESULTS: In the sham-operated group, there were a large number of astrocytes in the IL-6 transgenic mice. However, the cell bodies were small, and the branches were few and thin. The number of astrocytes in the model group was remarkably less than the sham-operated group. Compared to the model and sham-operated groups, the number of astrocytes significantly increased, and the cell body became larger, following treatment with low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate. Astrocytes exhibited hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and the processes became longer and thicker.
CONCLUSION: The low molecular weight heparin-superoxide dismutase conjugate may provide neuroprotection through astrocytic activation at the super-early stage of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. 相似文献
12.
The influence of low molecular weight heparin in combination with dihydroergotamine (DHE) on thrombus formation and primary haemostasis was investigated in rabbit models. Conventional heparin in the dose of 60 units anti Xa activity/kg b. w. effectively prevented thrombus formation but the same dose of a low molecular weight fragment only gave a marginal decrease of the frequency of thrombosis. The thrombus weight was, however, significantly reduced. Doubling the dose of the heparin fragment totally abolished thrombus formation as did the combination of 60 units with DHE. With DHE it was also possible to diminish the low molecular weight heparin dose to 30 units with a good prophylactic effect. There was a small but significant increase of haemostatic plug formation time in all treatment groups except the one with low molecular weight heparin fragment 30 units anti Xa activity combined with DHE. Thus, by combining low molecular weight heparin in a low dose with DHE it is possible to prevent thrombus formation without influencing primary haemostasis in rabbits. 相似文献
13.
The effect of commercial heparin (MW 15000; 60 U/kg), low molecular weight heparin (MW 4500, 60 U/kg), sodium pentosan polysulfate (PZ-68) in doses of 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg combined with dextran 70 (0.5 g/kg) on microvascular hemostasis and platelet activity in vivo was investigated in the microcirculation of rabbit mesentery and ear chamber, respectively. Low molecular weight heparin did not alter the hemostasis: nonetheless, commercial heparin and PZ-68 interfered with the hemostatic mechanism by decreasing the stability of the hemostatic plug. This abnormality was more apparent in the venular than in the arteriolar system. Both heparins exhibited a trend towards an increase in platelet reactivity and the reverse was observed following the administration of PZ-68. 相似文献
14.
背景:骨碎补促进骨损伤愈合疗效确切,但具体作用机制尚不清楚。
目的:观察骨碎补总黄酮对兔骨髓间充质干细胞增殖、分化的影响。
方法:冲洗兔股骨和胫骨骨髓腔获取骨髓,采用密度梯度离心法联合贴壁培养法体外纯化扩增兔骨髓间充质干细胞;以四甲基偶氮唑蓝法测定不同浓度骨碎总黄酮对兔骨髓间充质干细胞增殖的影响;经骨碎补总黄酮体外诱导后,行扫描电镜形态学观察,碱性磷酸酶染色、茜素红染色和Von Kossa银染色了解细胞钙化情况。
结果与结论:兔骨髓间充质干细胞可以通过密度梯度离心法联合贴壁培养法扩增和纯化;含骨碎补总黄酮血清培养后,四甲基偶氮唑蓝测定结果显示,骨碎补总黄酮浓度为10-6 mmol/L时可明显促进兔骨髓间充质干细胞增殖。经骨碎补总黄酮诱导液诱导,扫描电镜下可见成骨细胞样形态和钙结节形成;细胞碱性磷酸酶染色、钙结节茜素红染色和Von Kossa银染色均呈阳性,提示骨碎补总黄酮可促进兔骨髓间充质干细胞增殖和分化。 相似文献
15.
This study investigated the effects of fresh khat extract on learning and memory in CBA mice. A total of 20 male CBA mice, weighing 20-30 g, 5-6 weeks old were administered intraperitoneally with a single daily dose of khat extract for 5 days. The animals were divided into four groups, each comprising five animals. The first three groups were administered three doses (40, 120 and 360 mg/kg body weight) of khat extract, respectively. The last group served as controls and was administered with 0.5 ml normal saline intraperitoneally. The animals were then subjected to Morris water maze (MWM) task performance. Moderate and high doses (120 and 360 mg/kg body weight) of khat extract significantly impaired (P<0.05) while low dose (40 mg/kg body weight) of khat extract did not have a significant effect on CBA mice acquisition learning. The high dose of khat extract significantly (P<0.05) improved while moderate and low doses impaired accuracy for spatial memory of the platform location. This study has shown that khat extract has selective effect on spatial learning and memory, with low dose having no effect on learning but impairing memory, whereas high dose impairs learning but improves memory. 相似文献
16.
Sanjay N. Thorat Marc J. Barjavel George A. Matwyshyn Hemendra N. Bhargava 《Brain research》1994,642(1-2)
The effects of NG-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase and MK-801, an NMDA receptor antagonist on abrupt and naltrexone-precipitated abstinence symptoms were determined in male Swiss-Webster mice rendered dependent on morphine by subcutaneous implantation of a pellet containing 75 mg of morphine base for 3 days. Mice which served as controls were implanted with placebo pellets. Six hours after pellet removal, mice were injected intraperitoneally with either the vehicle or MK-801 (0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg). Thirty minutes later the animals were injected with naltrexone subcutaneously (50 μg/kg) and the intensity of abstinence symptoms were determined. Of the three doses of MK-801 used, only 0.1 mg/kg dose inhibited the jumping behavior precipitated by naltrexone in morphine-dependent mice. Whereas the lower dose (0.03 mg/kg) of MK-801 increased, the higher doses of MK-801 (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) displayed a decrease in the formation of fecal boli. Administration of MK-801 did not affect the body weight loss observed during abrupt withdrawal (induced by removal of the pellets) in morphine-dependent mice. MK-801 at 0.1 mg/kg dose further decreased the body temperature during abrupt withdrawal in morphine-dependent mice. Other two doses of MK-801 (0.03 and 0.3 mg/kg) did not modify the hypothermia observed during abrupt morphine withdrawal. On the other hand, l-NMMA (0.02 to 4.0 mg/kg) injected intraperitoneally 15 min prior to the naltrexone administration blocked the stereotyped jumping response in a dose-dependent manner. Higher doses of l-NMMA 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg also decreased the number of fecal boli formation. l-NMMA (0.2 to 4.0 mg/kg) also significantly reduced the abrupt withdrawal-induced body weight loss in morphine-dependent mice. Thus MK-801 has very little effect, which is not dose-dependent, on abrupt and antagonist-precipitated withdrawal in morphine-dependent mice. However, the l-NMMA has more profound dose-dependent effects on both the abrupt and antagonist-precipitated withdrawal in morphine-dependent mice. It is concluded that the inhibitors of NO synthase may be more beneficial than NMDA receptor antagonists in managing the symptoms of morphine abstinence syndrome. 相似文献
17.
Effects of ethanol on nicotine-induced conditioned place preference in C57BL/6J mice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Korkosz A Zatorski P Taracha E Plaznik A Kostowski W Bienkowski P 《Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry》2006,30(7):1283-1290
It has been shown that small doses of ethanol (相似文献
18.
目的探讨中药安眠小复方对小鼠脑神经肽P物质(SP)及睡眠相关细胞因子的影响,以揭示其促眠作用机制。方法60只KM小鼠随机分为6组,安眠小复方高、中、低剂量组分别灌胃给予安眠小复方4.16g/kg,2.08g/kg,1.04g/kg,百乐眠组灌胃给予百乐眠胶囊0.28g/kg,地西泮组灌胃给予地西泮片1.30mg/kg,连续给药7d。末次给药30min后,处死动物,取脑组织,检测小鼠脑内神经肽SP、白介素1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量。结果与空白对照组比较,安眠小复方高、中、低剂量组均能明显降低小鼠脑组织中SP含量(P0.05或P0.01)和IL-1β含量(P0.01);安眠小复方高、中、低剂量组亦能降低小鼠脑组织中TNF-α含量,其中高、低剂量组与空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论中药安眠小复方可能通过降低脑内SP含量、破坏觉醒中枢同时调节睡眠相关细胞因子而发挥促眠作用。 相似文献
19.
Three low molecular weight heparins prepared by enzymatic depolymerization, chemical degradation, and fractionation, respectively were studied in experimental thrombosis and haemostasis models in vivo and in biological assays in vitro. The three low molecular weight heparins, which had comparable molecular weight distributions, showed very similar activities both in vitro and in vivo. All three showed dose dependent thromboprophylactic effect. The antithrombotic effects of the low molecular weight heparins and conventional heparin administered in the same dose (30 XaI u/kg b.w.) did not differ. Neither LMW heparin nor conventional heparin (60 or 90 XaI u/kg b.w.) showed significant effects on the haemostatic plug formation time in the rabbit mesenteric microcirculation.
These experiments confirm that low molecular weight heparins are potential antithrombotic drugs, which by intravenous administration have effects similar to those of standard heparin. The method of preparation seems to be of no or minor importance, at least if the molecular weight distributions of the products are similar. 相似文献