分泌性中耳炎骨导听力下降的临床观察

目的 分泌性中耳炎导致骨导听力下降的比例比人们认识的要高。方法:收集分泌性中耳炎患者33例(36耳),传导性聋16例(16耳);感音神经性聋11例(12耳),混合性聋6例(8耳),鼓室图为B或C,声反射消失。结果 经过4—12周治疗后,传导性聋患者听力改善或恢复12耳,无效4耳;感音神经性聋听力改善7耳,无效5耳,混合性聋听力改善2耳,无效6耳;结论 分泌性中耳炎可导致感音神经性聋。病程的长短是影响治疗效果的主要因素,鼓室图能否转为A型是判断疗效的客观指标指标。     

双耳感音神经性聋患儿合并分泌性中耳炎的临床诊治

目的 探讨双耳感音神经性聋并发分泌性中耳炎患儿的症状特点, 为及时诊治此类患者提供临床依据。方法 收集经手术治疗的双耳感音神经性聋并发分泌性中耳炎患儿(A组)17例(34耳)的病历资料, 分析其误诊原因、临床特点及并发症发生率, 并与同期行手术治疗的单纯双耳单纯分泌性中耳炎患儿(B组)17例(34耳)进行鼓室粘连发生率的比较。手术前后应用听性脑干反应(ABR)检查随诊听力变化。结果 A组均以家属发现听力下降为首诊症状, 在当地首诊曾诊断为突发性聋7例, 耳闷塞感、耳鸣、耳痛等症状叙述不清, 均无法采集到确切的分泌性中耳炎发病时间;行双耳鼓膜置管时发现中耳粘连5例(7耳), 手术前后ABR检查Ⅴ波阈值改善0～30 dB nHL, 平均17.3 dB nHL, 手术前后Ⅴ波阈值改善, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。B组患儿无1例误诊, 首诊诉耳痛或耳鸣、耳闷塞感等耳部不适症状15例, 发病时间明确, 首诊诉听力下降2例, 鼓膜置管时中耳粘连1例(1耳)。A组并发症发生率高于B组, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论 双耳感音神经性聋并发分泌性中耳炎患儿临床病史采集困难, 易误诊, 临床并发症发生率高, 应及时干预;鼓膜置管对听力改善效果明显。     

中耳功能状态对畸变产物耳声发射的影响

目的 探讨中耳不同功能状态对畸变产物耳声发射测试结果的影响。方法 用ＩＬＯ＿９２耳动态分析仪对听力正常、鼓室导抗图Ａ型者１５例（３０耳）,临床诊断为分泌性中耳炎,鼓室导抗图Ｂ型者１８例,鼓室导抗图Ｃ型者２６例进行ＤＰＯＡＥ测试。结果 正常人鼓室导抗图Ａ型、分泌性中耳炎鼓室导抗图Ｂ型、鼓室导 Ｃ型ＤＰＯＡＥ反应值分别为５￣１５ｄＢＳＰＬ、－６．０￣４．４ｄＢＳＰＬ、－２．２￣４．７ｄＢＳＰＬ〈三者相     

开放式鼓室成形术治疗胆脂瘤中耳炎

目的：探讨开放式鼓室成形术治疗胆脂瘤中耳炎的疗效。方法：对23例胆脂瘤中耳炎患者行开放式鼓室成形术。结果：随访1～3年,23耳全部干耳,无胆脂瘤复发, 无眩晕和面瘫并发症。20例移植筋膜成活,2例鼓膜再穿孔,1例鼓膜疤痕内陷。术后纯音测听语言频率气导平均听阈,提高25～30dBHL 5耳,提高15～20dBHL 13耳,提高10dBHL 2耳,无变化3耳。结论：为胆脂瘤型中耳炎患者行开放式鼓室成形术,能根治病变,听力恢复效果好,复发率低,是一种较为实用的手术方法。     

鼻内窥镜下咽鼓管注药治疗分泌性中耳炎

为探讨鼻内窥镜下咽鼓管注药治疗分泌性中耳炎的疗效,于１９９６年６月开始在鼻内窥镜下咽鼓管注药治疗分泌性中耳炎２８例,报告如下。１资料与方法１．对一般资料：本组２８例（３４耳）,均为门诊病例,男１６例,女１２例,年龄１５～４２岁。慢性分泌性中耳炎１３例,急性分泌性中耳炎１５例。检查：鼓膜内陷充血３４耳,可见鼓室积液征８耳,纯音测听均提示传导性聋,声阻抗显示鼓室图为“Ｂ”型１５耳,“Ｃ”型１９耳。１．２治疗方法：鼻内窥镜下咽鼓管注药治疗分泌性中耳炎２８例（３４耳）,采用０度鼻内窥镜,咽鼓管吹张管一支…     

鼓室导抗图与颞骨 CT 对分泌性中耳炎的诊断价值比较

目的分析鼓室导抗图和颞骨CT检查对分泌性中耳炎鼓室积液的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析150例（260耳）慢性分泌性中耳炎患者的临床资料,以术中发现鼓室积液为金标准,分别计算各种类型异常鼓室导抗图和颞骨CT对分泌性中耳炎的诊断符合率。结果 B、C、As型鼓室导抗图对分泌性中耳炎中耳积液的诊断符合率分别为94．52％（138/146耳）、86．49％（64/74耳）、80．0％（4/5耳）,异常鼓室导抗图综合诊断符合率为91．56％（206/225耳）,而颞骨C T的诊断符合率为99．15％（117/118耳）,高于异常鼓室导抗图的综合诊断符合率,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。结论颞骨CT和鼓室导抗图检查在分泌性中耳炎诊断中的价值均很高,在出现非B型鼓室导抗图时,前者可作为后者的补充。     

纤维鼻咽喉镜下经咽鼓管咽口鼓室灌注治疗分泌性中耳炎

20 0 0年 10月～ 2 0 0 1年 2月 ,对门诊 98例共 134耳分泌性中耳炎患者在纤维鼻咽喉镜下经咽鼓管咽口吹张、鼓室灌注治疗 ,效果满意 ,报道如下。1　资料与方法1.1　临床资料　经门诊确诊的分泌性中耳炎患者 98例共134耳 ,其中男 5 2例 75耳、女 4 6例 5 9耳。年龄 6～ 77岁 ,平均 4 1.3岁。鼓室积液 4 4耳 (鼓膜见液平线 32耳 ,鼓膜无液平线但在经咽鼓管鼓室灌注时见有黄色粘稠液体从咽鼓管咽口流出 11耳 )。纯音测听示传导性聋 82耳 ,混合性聋5 2耳 ,其气骨导差平均 2 3ｄＢ。声导抗检查鼓室导抗图Ｂ型为 88耳 ,Ｃ型为 4 2耳 ,同侧镫骨肌…     

声反射在成人分泌性中耳炎中的诊断价值

目的提高耳科门诊成人分泌性中耳炎中耳积液的检出率,探讨声反射在协助诊断分泌性中耳炎是否伴有中耳积液中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析耳鼻咽喉科门诊169例确诊为分泌性中耳炎伴有中耳积液的成年患者的临床资料,并对听力正常与听力下降患者的鼓室图、同侧声反射及纯音测听等资料进行对比。结果169例(237耳)经鼓膜穿刺证实为中耳积液的患者中,223耳(94.1%)未引出声反射,14耳(5.9%)引出声反射;鼓室图异常200耳(84.4%),正常者37耳(15.6%);216耳(91.1%)有传导性听力下降,21耳(8.9%)听力正常。不论听力是否下降,同侧声反射的未引出率均高于异常鼓室图的概率(P<0.05);在不同听力及不同类型鼓室图中,声反射的未引出率没有差异(P>0.05),具有无创、快捷及客观等优点,能更好的帮助临床工作者评估分泌性中耳炎的疗效及预后。结论声反射能协助提高成人分泌性中耳炎伴中耳积液的检出率,具有无创、快速及客观等优点,能更好地帮助临床工作者评估分泌性中耳炎的疗效及预后。     

乳突切除术治疗分泌性中耳炎

目的：探讨乳突切除术治疗分泌性中耳炎的疗效。方法：回顾性分析22例（24耳）行乳突切除手术的分泌性中耳炎患者,其中行完壁式并面隐窝开放手术20耳,开放式手术4耳,同期行鼓膜切开置管术3耳。术后6个月拔管,测试术前、术后的听力。结果：所有患者术后均未出现听力下降,19耳有不同程度的听力提高,鼓室导抗图为A型曲线者17耳,C型曲线者7耳。术后随访6-36个月,未见中耳炎复发。结论：对反复发作、长期迁延经治疗无效的分泌性中耳炎,乳突切除术可改善乳突、鼓窦、鼓室和咽鼓管的通气引流,减少分泌性中耳炎的复发。     

腺样体肥大患儿鼓室导抗图与分泌性中耳炎的关系探讨北大核心CSCD

目的探讨腺样体肥大患儿的不同鼓室导抗图与分泌性中耳炎的关系。方法回顾性分析2009年1月～2011年6月收治的328例腺样体肥大患儿的临床资料,分析统计分泌性中耳炎的发病例（耳）数及声导抗测试诊断分泌性中耳炎的阳性率。结果328例腺样体肥大患儿中有104例（169耳）最终经鼓膜穿刺或鼓膜置管确诊为分泌性中耳炎（31．71％,104／328）,其中鼓室导抗图为B型者89例152耳,最终确诊为分泌性中耳炎者为86例147耳。阳性率为96．71％（147／152）;鼓室导抗图为C型（负压在～150daPa以上）者33例49耳,最终确诊为分泌性中耳炎者为16例20耳,阳性率为40．82％（20／49）;鼓室导抗图为As型者2例2耳最终均确诊为分泌性中耳炎。结论腺样体肥大患儿无论有无听力下降主诉,均应行声导抗测试,B型鼓室导抗图对鼓室积液判断的准确率最高,c型次之,As型也有鼓室积液的可能。     

儿童突发性聋的临床特征及预后相关因素分析

目的 分析儿童突发性聋的临床特征、疗效及影响预后的相关因素,为临床治疗及预后评估提供依据。 方法 收集2010年1月至2017年10月就诊的67例突发性聋患儿临床资料,对其临床特征及治疗效果进行回顾性分析,同时根据疗效将患者分为总体有效组(36例)及无效组(31例),采用单因素及多因素分析的方法分析患者的性别、年龄、病程、初诊听阈、是否伴发耳鸣、眩晕、病毒感染史、发病季节和听力曲线类型对预后的影响。 结果 儿童突聋患者中64.18%在春冬季发病,其就诊时听阈为(76.62±25.97)dB HL,耳鸣及眩晕伴发率分别为70.15%和61.19%,病毒感染率为19.40%,听力曲线中10.44%为低频下降型、2.99%为高频下降型、34.33%为平坦型及52.24%为全聋型。经治疗后,患者听阈为(60.41±31.52)dB HL,总体有效率为53.73%,其中痊愈率、显效率及有效率分别为20.90%、16.42%和16.42%。多因素分析结果显示,初诊听阈越高及听力曲线为全聋型,预后越差(P均<0.05);伴有病毒感染的非全聋型患者预后较好(P<0.05)。 结论 儿童突发性聋患者病毒感染率较高且大部分在春冬季发病,就诊时听力损失较重并常伴有耳鸣及眩晕,其听力曲线以平坦型及全聋型为主。就诊时听力损伤程度轻、伴有病毒感染的非全聋型患者预后较好。     

晚期耳硬化症CO2激光辅助镫骨开窗术疗效的初步观察

目的　探讨CO2激光辅助镫骨开窗人工镫骨植入术治疗晚期耳硬化症的效果。方法　2010年1月~2014年1月间15例（16耳）临床确诊为晚期耳硬化症的患者在我科接受了CO2激光辅助镫骨开窗人工镫骨植入术,术前言语频率平均气导听阈70.21 dB HL,平均骨导听阈38.49 dB HL,平均气骨导差（air conduction-bone conduction gap,ABG）31.72 dB HL,所有病例术后随访超过半年。结果　术后半年言语频率平均气导听阈 43.7 dB HL,平均骨导听阈28.95 dB HL,平均气骨导差14.75 dB HL,ABG≤20 dB者9耳,占比56.3%,ABG闭合≤10 dB者6耳,占比37.5%。无一例术后出现顽固性眩晕、感音神经性聋及面瘫等严重并发症。结论  CO2激光辅助技术降低了镫骨开窗手术严重并发症的几率,多数患者术后听力明显提高,是一种安全、实用、相对经济的选择。     

儿童突发性聋患者的临床特征及预后分析

目的 分析儿童突发性聋(简称突聋)患者的临床特征及预后,为该病的临床诊治提供参考.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月～2016年10月确诊并治疗的23例(25耳)儿童突聋患者的临床资料,对所有患者的年龄、性别、耳别、就诊时间、病毒感染史、就诊时言语频率气导纯音听阈及听阈曲线类型、是否伴有耳鸣、眩晕、耳闷及治疗效果进行统计分析,并与同期住院治疗的202例(219耳)成人突聋患者进行对比.结果 本组儿童突聋患者占同期所有突聋患者的10.2％(23/225);儿童突聋患者就诊时平均听阈(87.7±16.1 dB HL)、全聋型比例(72.0％)、眩晕伴发率(52.2％)及病毒感染率(17.4％)均高于成人(分别为72.5±24.7 dB HL、44.7％、29.2％、3.5％),差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05).治疗后儿童突聋患者与成人患者的总有效率分别为52.0％、46.6％,痊愈率分别为4.0％、14.2％,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 本组儿童突聋患者就诊时听力损失较重且常伴有耳鸣及眩晕,其听阈曲线以全聋型为主;疗效与成人突聋患者相当.     

尿毒症合并突发性聋患者的临床特征及预后

目的 分析尿毒症合并突发性聋(突聋)患者的临床特征及预后.方法 收集2015年1月-2019年12月在会理县人民医院治疗的尿毒症合并突聋患者29例(30耳),平均初诊听阈值为(62.33±13.68)dB HL;17耳(56.67％)伴耳鸣,8耳(26.67％)伴眩晕;9耳(30.00％)为平坦型,13耳(43.33％...     

Dead regions in the cochlea at 4 kHz in elderly adults: relation to absolute threshold, steepness of audiogram, and pure-tone average

The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the prevalence of dead regions (DRs) at 4 kHz in elderly people with hearing loss and (2) to determine the extent to which the presence/absence of a DR can be predicted from the absolute threshold, the slope of the audiogram, or the pure-tone average (PTA) hearing loss at 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz. DRs were assessed for 98 ears with absolute thresholds between 60 and 85 dB HL at 4 kHz using the threshold equalizing noise test. Thirty-six ears had a DR at 4 kHz. There was no statistically significant difference in the slope of the audiogram or PTA between ears with and without DRs. However, the mean absolute threshold at 4 kHz was significantly higher for the group with DRs than for the group without DRs. The prevalence of DRs exceeded 50% for hearing losses greater than 70 dB.     

Hearing and hearing loss in 5-year-old children. Pure-tone thresholds and the effect of acute otitis media

Air and bone conduction pure-tone thresholds of 420 unselected urban children were measured with standard clinical audiometry. The mean of air conduction pure-tone averages (average threshold at 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz) was 8.6 dB HL in girls and 8.3 dB HL in boys. In only 5 ears (0.6%), was this average greater than or equal to 35 dB HL. The threshold greater than or equal to 35 dB HL at 4 kHz was found in 1.4% of the ears and at 8 kHz in 4.1%. The bone conduction threshold greater than 20 dB HL at any of the frequencies from 0.5 to 4 kHz was very rare, and only once, at 4 kHz, was it greater than 35 dB HL. Earlier attacks of acute otitis media seemed to have only a marginal long-term effect on air conduction hearing, and an almost negligible effect on bone conduction hearing.     

鼻咽癌放疗后突发性聋18例

目的 探讨鼻咽癌放疗后突发性聋(突聋)的临床特征及预后,为该类疾病的临床诊治提供依据.方法 收集并分析18例鼻咽癌放疗后突聋患者的临床资料,包括年龄、性别、耳侧、病程、伴随症状、听力曲线类型、听力损失程度、放疗后突聋发病间隔以及听力预后.结果 18例均为单侧发病,左侧10耳(55.56％),右侧8耳(44.44％);其...     

Prevalence of dead regions in subjects with sensorineural hearing loss

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of dead regions in adult subjects with sensorineural hearing impairment as a function of audiometric threshold and frequency and to assess the extent to which the presence/absence of a dead region can be predicted from the audiogram, gender, or age. DESIGN: Data were obtained from a random sample of adults attending an audiology clinic in Mysore, India. Audiometric air and bone conduction thresholds and tympanometry were used to identify 317 subjects (592 ears) with sensorineural hearing loss. Their ages ranged from 17 to 95 yr (mean = 57 yr). The threshold-equalizing noise hearing level (TEN (HL)) test, administered using the TEN(HL)-test CD and an audiometer, was used to determine the presence or absence of dead regions in these subjects for test frequencies ranging from 0.5 to 4 kHz. Nine subjects had to be excluded as the absolute thresholds were too high for the TEN(HL) test to be administered. Of the remaining 308 subjects (556 ears), 209 (68%) were male and 99 (32%) were female. The hearing losses ranged from mild to severe. RESULTS: Results are presented only for frequencies and ears for which the TEN level could be made high enough to produce at least 10 dB of masking. Classifying by subject, 177 (57.4%) were found to have a dead region in one or both ears for at least one frequency. Fifty-four women (54.5%) and 123 men (58.8%) had dead regions in one or both ears. Classifying by ear, 256 (46%) were diagnosed as having a dead region at one frequency or more: 233 ears (41.9%) had only a high-frequency dead region, 13 ears (2.3%) had only a low-frequency dead region, and 10 ears (1.8%) had a dead region at both low and high frequencies, with a surviving middle-frequency region. It was not possible to achieve both high sensitivity and high specificity when attempting to predict the presence/absence of a dead region from the audiogram. However, for each test frequency, 59% or more of ears had a dead region when the absolute threshold was above 70 dB HL. A very steep slope of the audiogram is suggestive of a high-frequency dead region but does not provide a reliable diagnostic method. Chi-square tests indicated that the prevalence of dead regions did not vary significantly with age or gender. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate a relatively high prevalence of dead regions in adults with sensorineural hearing impairment, especially for frequencies at which the hearing loss exceeds 70 dB HL.     

上鼓室胆脂瘤型中耳炎的手术治疗

目的探讨上鼓室胆脂瘤型中耳炎的手术治疗方法。方法对23例（23耳）上鼓室胆脂瘤型中耳炎患者经耳内切口行上鼓室切开清理病变。20耳胆脂瘤破坏并超过锤砧关节达前上鼓室,3耳锤砧关节鼓室侧隐藏胆脂瘤,彻底清除胆脂瘤并切除病变的锤骨头及砧骨,人工听小骨（partial ossicular replacement protheses,PORP）架桥于锤骨柄与镫骨头之间重建听骨链（Ⅲ型鼓室成型术）。23耳采用带软骨膜的耳屏软骨重建上鼓室外侧壁,其软骨膜修复鼓膜松弛部穿孔。观察术后上鼓室外侧壁和鼓膜愈合及听力恢复情况。结果23例患者随诊1～4年,所有病例上鼓室外侧壁及鼓膜松弛部愈合良好。术后患耳PTA=21．1 dB HL,较术前平均降低12．8 dB HL,差别有统计学意义（t=20．136,P〈0-01）;术后患耳气骨导差下降12．8 dB HL,差别有统计学意义（t=19．48,P〈0．01）;术后患耳骨导听阈改变无显著意义（t=1．56。P〉0．05）。一例患耳术后出现4000Hz以上感音神经性听力下降。术后随访听力基本稳定,无眩晕及耳鸣等并发症。结论上鼓室胆脂瘤型中耳炎应尽早发现,合理的手术方式既可彻底清除病灶。又能保留和恢复中耳传音功能。     

DPOAE otoemission in patients with tinnitus and normal hearing

The goal of our study was analysis of characteristic interrogation, audiometry and distortion products otoacoustic emission in patients with normal hearing and complaining of tinnitus. We examined the group of 24 ill patients with hearing threshold up till 25 dB HL and with tinnitus and the control group of 18 with no audiological complains. All the patients were made tonal audiometry and the discomfort level as well as tinnitus frequency and intensity were evaluated. For each ear separately, we examined DPAOE of DP-gram function with resolving power of half the octave and the fine structure on the level of stimulation L1 = L2 = 70 dB. In the group of patients average time of tinnitus was 1.5 year. Average hearing threshold in patients with tinnitus was 18 dB HL for air conduction and 11 dB HL for bone conduction, average discomfort threshold--93 dB HL. In the control group hearing threshold was comparatively 16 dB and 10 dB HL and average discomfort threshold--95 dB HL. In the tinnitus group 8 patients (21%) complained of hyperacusis. The differences between the two groups in DP-gram were observed mainly in high frequencies (higher than 3000 Hz). In DP-gram fine structure in the group of patients with tinnitus we noted wider span of otoemission decreases (over the octave) compared to control group. In the tinnitus group among 20 examined ears with decreases of otoacoustic emission DP--fine structure only in 6 patients (30%) the frequency of tinnitus given by the patient was overlapping with the frequency for which decreases of otoemission were observed. In both groups we observed decreases of DPOAE for some frequencies but in the patients with tinnitus we noticed the lack of otoacoustic emission in wider span of frequencies, mainly in higher frequencies compared to controls.