CDX2和Villin在胃黏膜病变中的表达及其临床病理意义

目的:探讨CDX2和Villin在胃黏膜病变中的表达及其临床病理意义和诊断作用.方法:收集2015年1月至2017年5月本院胃黏膜活检标本90例,其中慢性胃炎21例,慢性胃病伴肠上皮化生22例,胃上皮内瘤变25例,胃癌22例.采用免疫组织化学方法检测CDX2和Villin蛋白在胃黏膜活检组织中的表达.结果:CDX2及Villin在慢性胃病伴肠上皮化生组、胃上皮内瘤变组及胃癌组均有高表达,其阳性率显著高于慢性胃炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);CDX2与Villin的表达存在正相关(P<0.01).结论:CDX2和Villin异常表达于胃黏膜肠上皮化生、胃上皮内瘤变及胃癌组织中,提示两者可能在胃癌(特别是肠型胃癌)的发生中起重要意义,同时在胃黏膜活检中诊断胃癌及癌前病变(尤其是形态学难以确定)时,两者联合检测可以作为辅助诊断的依据.     

胃癌组织中TSLC1的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨肺癌肿瘤抑制物1(tumor suppressor in lung cancer 1, TSLC1)蛋白表达与胃癌发生、发展的关系。方法采用免疫组化法检测TSLC1蛋白在20例正常胃黏膜、30例胃上皮内瘤变和50例胃癌组织中的表达,并复习相关文献。结果TSLC1在胃癌中的阳性率为14．00%,低于胃上皮内瘤变(46．67%)及正常胃黏膜(95．00%)( P<0．05)。 TSLC1在高级别上皮内瘤变中的表达低于低级别上皮内瘤变及正常胃黏膜( P<0．05)。 TSLC1在高级别上皮内瘤变及胃癌组织中的表达差异无显著性(P>0．05)。胃癌中 TSLC1表达与淋巴结转移和TNM分期密切相关(P<0．05)。结论 TSLC1表达与胃癌的发生、发展有关,可能为胃癌的防治提供新方向。     

胃癌组织中EZH2和p53蛋白的表达及临床意义

目的探讨EZH2和p53蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达,及其在胃癌发生、发展过程中的作用和临床病理学意义。方法采用免疫组化EnVision法检测EZH2和p53蛋白在199例胃癌、25例高级别上皮内瘤变、24例低级别上皮内瘤变、46例肠上皮化生、17例慢性萎缩性胃炎和23例正常胃黏膜组织中的表达情况。结果在胃癌和上皮内瘤变组织中EZH2蛋白表达明显高于肠上皮化生、慢性萎缩性胃炎和正常胃黏膜组织。胃癌组织中EZH2蛋白的表达在进展期胃癌高于早期胃癌,差异有统计学意义。EZH2蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达与肿瘤的大小、淋巴结转移、组织学分期和临床分期均有关;但与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤的部位、肿瘤的类型和分化以及患者的病死率均无关。p53蛋白在胃癌组织中表达最高,几乎不表达于其他病变和正常胃黏膜组织。p53表达水平与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、肿瘤分化、胃癌的类型和患者的生存情况相关。EZH2蛋白表达与p53蛋白表达之间呈正相关。结论 EZH2在胃癌中的表达增加与p53相关,提示胃癌中EZH2与p53可能相互协调,促进胃癌的发生、发展。     

Ki-67在胃癌及癌旁组织中的表达

目的:探讨Ki-67在胃癌和癌旁黏膜上皮中的表达、分布特征及其在胃癌组织发生学上的意义。方法:采用免疫组化方法对36例胃癌及癌旁组织进行检测。结果:胃腺癌与癌旁伴异型增生慢性萎缩性胃炎Ki-67阳性率无显著性差异;胃腺癌与癌旁伴高、中增殖型肠上皮化生慢性萎缩性胃炎Ki-67阳性率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:Ki-67是一种较好的癌前标志物,胃黏膜上皮异型增生和高、中增殖型肠上皮化生萎缩性胃炎与胃癌的发生密切相关。     

胃癌组织中TGF-β1、TGF-βRⅡ、Smad2/3和CDC25蛋白的表达及其临床意义

目的 检测TGF-β1、TGF-βRⅡ、Smad2/3及CDC25蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达并探讨它们在胃癌组织中的发生、发展的意义.方法 利用免疫组织化学SP法检测110例胃癌、21例高级别上皮内瘤变、17例低级别上皮内瘤变、54例肠上皮化生、28例慢性萎缩性胃炎和57例正常胃黏膜组织中TGF-β1、TGF-βRⅡ、Smad2/3和CDC25蛋白的表达.结果 TGF-β1、TGF-βRⅡ、Smad2/3和CDC25在胃癌组织中的表达均高于正常胃黏膜组织.TGF-β1在胃癌组织中的表达高于上皮内瘤变、肠上皮化生和慢性萎缩性胃炎组织;Smad2/3在胃癌组织中的表达高于慢性萎缩性胃炎组织;CDC25在胃癌组织中的表达高于低级别上皮内瘤变组织,且在胃癌淋巴结转移组中的表达高于未转移组.TGF-β1与TGF-βRⅡ、Smad2/3和CDC25呈正相关,Smad2/3与CDC25也呈正相关.结论 TGF-β1、TGF-βRⅡ、Smad2/3和CDC25的表达是引起胃癌发生、发展的重要因素,可作为胃癌早期诊断的辅助指标.     

胃癌中Ataxin-3表达及与临床病理学的意义

目的 观察Ataxin-3蛋白在人胃癌组织中的表达及分布,探讨其在胃癌发生、发展过程中的意义及与临床病理学特征的关系.方法 采用免疫组化SuperVision两步法检测Ataxin-3在胃癌(265例)、正常胃黏膜(209例)、胃低级别上皮内瘤变(86例)及高级别上皮内瘤变(75例)组织中的表达,并对其表达与临床病理学特征的关系进行统计学分析.结果 Ataxin-3的表达,在胃癌组织中低于正常胃黏膜组织(P<0.001);胃癌组与低级别上皮内瘤变组中的表达有差异(P﹤0.001),而胃癌组与高级别上皮内瘤变组比较表达无差异(P>0.05);Ataxin-3表达与胃癌的Lauren组织学分型、肿瘤分化、远处转移及p53突变蛋白的表达存在相关性(P均<0.05).结论 Ataxin-3蛋白很可能在胃癌的发生、发展过程中起重要意义.     

p16、p53和Ki-67蛋白在宫颈上皮内瘤变中的表达及意义

目的 探讨p16、p53和Ki-67蛋白在宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)中的表达及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测正常子宫颈或炎性病变组织、CIN1～3中p16、p53和Ki-67蛋白的表达.结果 p16、p53和Ki-67蛋白在正常子宫颈或炎性病变中罕见表达,在CIN1～3组织中三者表达均较高,随CIN级别升高p16、p53和Ki-67表达增强,各组间表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).同时p16、p53和Ki-67三者阳性表达均可见分层现象,在CIN1中大部分阳性细胞位于子宫颈鳞状上皮的下1/3,在CIN2中多累及上皮下2/3,而CIN3则普遍超过上皮的下2/3或全层弥漫阳性,各组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 p16、p53和Ki-67蛋白表达均与子宫颈上皮内瘤变的病变进展密切相关,联合检测p16和Ki-67的抗原表达可作为CIN分级诊断的辅助方法,具有较好的应用价值.     

胃癌中IGFBP-4蛋白的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨IGFBP-4(insulin-like growth-factor-binding proteins-4)蛋白在胃癌发生、发展中的作用.方法 采用免疫组化SP法分别检测正常胃黏膜、胃上皮内瘤变和胃癌组织中IGFBP-4蛋白的表达.结果 20例正常胃黏膜组织中IGFBP-4蛋白阳性率为10%,胃上皮内瘤变组织中的阳性率为36.84%,胃癌组织中的阳性率为81.25%;胃癌组织中IGFBP-4蛋白表达高于胃上皮内瘤变及正常胃黏膜组织(P<0.001),胃上皮内瘤变与正常胃黏膜的差异有显著性(P<0.05);高分化胃癌中IGFBP-4蛋白阳性率为57.14%,低分化胃癌中的阳性率为88.4%,两者之间差异有显著性(P<0.05);早期胃癌阳性率为55.0%,明显低于进展期胃癌86.96%;伴淋巴结转移组阳性率为89.04%,无淋巴结转移组阳性率为66.67%,差异有显著性;而与性别、年龄、肿瘤直径无关.结论 IGFBP-4蛋白的高表达与胃癌的发生、淋巴结转移及临床分期相关.     

慢性萎缩性胃炎患者Hp 感染与TGF-β、IL-6 和TNF-αRII 的表达研究

目的:探讨慢性萎缩性胃炎患者幽门螺旋杆菌感染与胃黏膜中转化生长因子茁受体域、白介素6 和肿瘤坏死因子琢的表达情况。方法:选取76例慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)患者胃黏膜病变组织的胃镜活检标本,采取PCR 荧光法检测Hp 感染情况,免疫组化法检测TGF-βRⅡ、IL-6 和TNF-α在胃小凹上皮和间质炎细胞中的表达。结果:慢性炎症程度在Hp感染阳性组和阴性组中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);间质炎细胞中IL-6的表达在Hp感染阳性组和阴性组中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TGF-βRⅡ、TNF-α的表达在Hp感染阳性组和阴性组中无显著性差异(P>0.05);间质炎细胞中IL-6与慢性炎症程度呈正相关关系(r=0.249,P=0.03);萎缩程度与肠上皮化生严重程度、上皮内瘤变程度呈正相关关系(r=0.697,0.366)。结论:IL-6在间质炎性细胞中的表达与Hp相关性CAG患者的慢性炎症程度有关,慢性萎缩程度促进肠上皮化生和上皮内瘤变的发生。     

宫颈鳞状细胞癌和癌前病变中Skp2表达及其与HPV16/18感染的关系

目的 探讨skp2在宫颈鳞状细胞癌和癌前病变中的表达规律及其与人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染之间的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学(ABC法)和原位杂交检测Skp2蛋白和HPV16/18 DNA在30例正常宫颈鳞状上皮、29例宫颈低级别上皮内瘤变、31例高级别上皮内瘤变和31例宫颈鳞状细胞癌中的表达.结果 Skp2在正常宫颈鳞状上皮中呈阴性,与宫颈低级别上皮内瘤变(阳性表达率为13.8%,4/29)之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).随着上皮病变级别升高,表达也逐渐增强,在宫颈鳞状细胞癌中表达更强;HPV16/18 DNA在四组中的阳性表达率,除高级别上皮内瘤变和宫颈鳞状细胞癌两组间差异无统计学意义外(均为96.8%),其余各组之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);在宫颈低级别上皮内瘤变中skp2蛋白表达和HPV感染相关无统计学意义,但在高级别上皮内瘤变和宫颈鳞状细胞癌两组中均呈正相关(γ高级别=0.373,γ癌 =0.416,P<0.05).结论 Skp2过表达主要在宫颈鳞状细胞癌形成的中晚期起作用,可作为一个早期诊断恶性的指标,且可能与HPV16/18感染有协同作用.E7-skp2-Rb可能是HPV感染诱导宫颈鳞状细胞癌形成的一条新致癌途径.     

子宫颈癌及癌前病变HPV16、Ki-67的表达及其相关性

目的对子宫颈癌及癌前病变中HPV感染和增殖细胞核抗原Ki-67表达情况进行研究。方法对45例子宫颈浸润性鳞状细胞癌、5例子宫颈腺癌、35例子宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）和5例正常宫颈组织采用免疫组化EnVision法进行HPV16和Ki-67表达的检测。结果HPV16阳性率为78．9％（71／90）,其中HPV16阳性率在子宫颈癌组织中为76．0％（38／50）,在CIN病变中为94．3％（33／35）,在正常子宫颈黏膜上皮组织中为阴性（0／5）。Ki-67阳性细胞在正常子宫颈、CIN和子宫颈癌组织中表达逐级增加,显示Ki-67表达程度与组织学类型有关。HPV和Ki-67在CIN和癌组织中的表达呈显著相关（P〈0．005）。结论瑞安地区子宫颈癌及癌前病变组织中存在HPV感染,HPV感染可能在子宫颈癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用。联合应用Ki-67与HPV可作为筛选子宫颈癌高危个体有价值的生物学标记。     

Ki-67 labelling as a proliferation marker in pre-invasive squamous epithelial lesions of cervix

Study was conducted to evaluate proliferation in squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix. 36 cases of cervical biopsies were chosen including unremarkable cervix, basal cell hyperplasia, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I, CIN II, CIN III). Ki-67 immunostaining was performed by peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Ki-67 labelling index in basal and parabasal layers of cervix showed progressive rise with increasing grade of lesion but may not be helpful in classification of individual lesion. Also extent of staining from the basement membrane increases with increasing grade. High basal Ki-67 reactivity might be of greater biological significance than surface differentiation.     

HSP70 and ER expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer.

Heat shock protein (HSP) is thought to play important roles in the cell cycle and various process of carcinogenesis. This study was performed to evaluate the expression of heat shock protein (HSP70) and estrogen receptor (ER) and Ki-67 and to assess relationship between them in cervical squamous cell neoplasia. The materials were 50 cervical squamous cell lesions, consisted of 30 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) (6 moderate dysplasia, 11 severe dysplasia, 13 carcinoma in situ), and 20 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC) cases. These specimens were immunohistochemically stained for HSP70, ER and Ki-67. The score of HSP70 was significantly higher in ISCC than CIN. Expression rate of the ER was not significantly higher in CIN than in ISCC. Ki-67 labelling index was significantly higher in the ISCC and high HSP70 positive staining group. These results suggested that HSP70 may play an important role in tumor cell proliferation and is related with ISCC than CIN, but ER may be not related with tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. HSP70 may be a useful prognostic factor in cervical dysplasia and cancer.     

前列腺疾病中TK1和Ki-67的表达

目的通过对前列腺癌、前列腺上皮内瘤变、前列腺良性增生及其正常前列腺组织中胸苷激酶1（TK1）和细胞增殖蛋白（MIB-1）标记Ki-67的表达，探讨其对前列腺癌的治疗、预后所起的作用。方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测前列腺癌（PCa）42例，前列腺上皮内瘤变（PIN）35例，良性前列腺增生（BPH）25例和正常前列腺（NP）组织10例中TK1及Ki-67的表达。结果良性前列腺增生及正常前列腺组织中几乎检测不到增殖细胞，在前列腺上皮内瘤中增殖细胞所占的百分比大约为16％～17％，在前列腺癌组织中TK1阳性表达率57．1％，高于Ki-67阳性表达率（47．6％，P〈0．05）。结论TK1不仅同Ki-67一样，可作细胞增殖的指标，还因其参与DNA合成及细胞间“旁观者效应”等原因，从而给临床提供治疗及预后方面有价值的参考。     

Ki-67 and ProExC are useful immunohistochemical markers in esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia

Esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia has been widely recognized as a precursor lesion for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Early detection offers the best prognosis for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The differentiation of squamous dysplasia from reactive change and the classification of squamous dysplasia into high-grade or low-grade are sometimes subjective and challenging. In this study, we sought to evaluate multiple biomarkers and to develop clinically useful adjunct tools for difficult esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia cases. Immunohistochemical stains using antibodies against Ki-67, ProExC, p16, and p53 were performed on esophageal biopsy or resection specimens from 25 patients including 35 foci of high-grade dysplasia and 25 foci of low-grade dysplasia, and from 10 control cases containing 52 foci of normal/reactive hyperplasia. In situ hybridization tests for human papillomavirus were performed in 11 cases. The immunostains for all 4 markers were scored as negative, intermediate, and strong according to established criteria. Intermediate and strong Ki-67 and ProExC staining showed similar detecting power and exhibited very high sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing normal/reactive hyperplasia from esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and normal/reactive hyperplasia from low-grade esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. Strong Ki-67 staining was exclusively seen in high-grade esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, which provided additional value in distinguishing high-grade from low-grade esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. Strong ProExC staining was also seen in most high-grade esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia foci (80%). Although the frequencies of intermediate/strong staining patterns of p53 increased with increasing degree of dysplasia, the sensitivity of p53 was much lower than that of Ki-67 and ProExC. p16 did not show consistent immunostain pattern in the normal/reactive hyperplasia and esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. Two (18%) of 11 tested cases were positive for human papillomavirus infection. This study demonstrates that both Ki-67 and ProExC can be used as an adjunct tool for diagnosing difficult cases of esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.     

Direct correlation between proliferative activity and dysplasia in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN): additional evidence for a recently proposed model of progression.

A growing body of morphological, clinical, and genetic observations suggests a progression model for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In this model, pancreatic ducts progress through a series of architectural and cytological changes that define degrees of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Expressed in dividing cells, Ki-67 has been extensively used as a proliferation marker. Its expression in different grades of PanIN has not been well studied. A total of 76 PanINs from 41 patients were histologically graded according to recently established criteria. These PanINs were then immunolabeled with a monoclonal antibody against Ki-67 (Mib-1). Normal ducts and invasive ductal adenocarcinomas were also labeled with the antibody. In 15 normal ducts, only 0.41% of the epithelial cells expressed Ki-67. Ki-67-labeling indices in the increasing grades of PanIN were as follows: PanIN-1A, 0.69%; PanIN-1B, 2.33%; PanIN-2, 14.08%; and PanIN-3, 22.01%. Fifteen invasive ductal adenonocarcinomas showed an average labeling index of 36.99%. The difference in Ki-67 labeling among these groups was statistically significant (P <.0005, Kruskal-Wallis test). This pattern of proliferation provides additional evidence supporting the recently proposed pancreatic progression model. It also correlates well with known molecular changes, such as activating point mutations in the K-ras oncogene and the loss of DPC4 and p16 gene expression. Ki-67 staining may be useful as an adjunct in the diagnosis of precancerous lesions in the pancreas and may provide a reliable way to identify lesions at high risk for the subsequent development of infiltrating carcinoma.     

Expression of pi-class glutathione S-transferase: two populations of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia with different relations to carcinoma.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of the transition zone appear to be at increased risk of developing prostatic carcinoma, although not to the same degree as patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of the peripheral/central zone. Previous investigations have shown loss of expression of pi-class glutathione S-transferase (GST-pi; an enzyme that protects against electrophilic carcinogens) in prostatic carcinoma and in high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of GST-pi in high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of the transition zone with that in high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of the peripheral/central zone (that is, non-transition zone). METHODS: Immunostaining with the anti-GST-pi antibody was performed on 20 high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia samples of the transition zone, either isolated or associated with prostatic carcinoma (groups 1 and 2, respectively; 10 cases each) and on 20 high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia samples of the non-transition zone, either isolated or associated with prostatic carcinoma (groups 3 and 4, respectively; 10 cases each). This study also included six samples of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia simultaneously present in the transition and non-transition zones and not associated with prostatic carcinoma (group 5). The presence of immunostaining, staining intensity, and the distribution of immunostaining were evaluated in the high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions and in the normal tissue and cancer areas. RESULTS: The GST-pi antibody stained the cytoplasm of the cells lining the ducts and acini of normal prostate tissue. Staining was stronger and more diffuse in the basal cell layer than in the luminal (or secretory) cell layer. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-GST-pi antibodies failed to detect the enzyme in all prostatic carcinoma foci but one. Two patterns were detected in high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. One was represented by GST-pi staining similar to that of the normal tissue (pattern A). The other deviated from it and was characterised by absence of GST-pi expression in the secretory cells and abundant expression in scattered basal cells (pattern B). Pattern A staining was seen more frequently in the transition than in the non-transition zone. Pattern B staining was seen mainly in high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia of non-transition zone associated with cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The differential expression of GST-pi in the transition and non-transition zones indicates the existence of two populations with the morphological appearance of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia that might have different associations with carcinoma.     

细胞周期素D1和抗原Ki-67在宫颈上皮内瘤样病变和宫颈鳞癌的表达及与人乳头瘤病毒感染转归的关系

目的 研究细胞周期素D1(cyclin D1)、抗原Ki-67在宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)和宫颈鳞癌发生发展中作用及其与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染转归的关系.方法 2002年1月至2006年12月广州医学院第一附属医院HPV阳性患者104例,分2组:(1)研究组:82例,即病理确诊CIN Ⅰ组17例、CINⅡ组19例、CINⅢ组23例、宫颈鳞癌组23例.(2)对照组:柱状上皮异位22例.应用EnVision法检测宫颈病变组织中cyclin D1、Ki-67蛋白的表达,杂交捕获试验检测宫颈分泌物或阴道残端中HPV感染情况,随访各组患者术后1年内的HPV变化.结果 (1)cyclin D1在各组宫颈组织细胞核内均有表达.其阳性率CINⅢ组[82.61%(19/23)]、宫颈鳞癌组[86.96%(20/23)]与对照组[27.27%(6/22)]、CINⅠ组[58.82%(10/17)]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在宫颈鳞癌组与CINⅡ组[68.42%(13/19)]阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)Ki-67在各组宫颈组织细胞核内均有表达,其对照组阳性率[31.82%(7/22)]与CINⅢ组[86.96%(20/23)]、宫颈鳞癌组[91.30%(21/23)]比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在宫颈鳞癌组与CINⅠ组[58.82%(10/17)]、CIN Ⅱ组[63.16%(12/19)]比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).(3)术后1年内各组HPV的转阴率分别与cyclin D1、Ki-67的表达强度呈负相关(rs=-0.299,rs=-0.367,P<0.05).结论 cyclinD1和Ki-67在CIN和宫颈鳞癌的细胞增殖活动中起作用,且两者可能与HPV感染转阴率有关.     

Expression of topoisomerase II and Ki-67 in cervical carcinoma--clinicopathological study using immunohistochemistry

AIM: To study the correlation between the expression of topoisomerase II and Ki-67 antigen and disease outcome in cervical squamous cell carcinomas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Forty-nine cervical carcinomas, 10 cases of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II-III) and 5 control cervices were stained by monoclonal antibodies for topoisomerase II and Ki-67 (MIB-1 clone). Nuclear counts were correlated with patient age, tumor stage, histological grade and survival. RESULTS: Thirteen patients died of disease, 35 remained free of disease, and one patient was lost to follow up. Ki-67 counts were higher in CIN lesions, when compared to both invasive carcinomas and control cervices. Topoisomerase II counts were comparable for CIN and invasive tumors. No immunoreactivity for topoisomerase was detected in control cases. Neither stage nor grade was associated with nuclear counts using either marker. In multivariate survival analysis, stage (p=0.001), grade (p=0.03) and older patient age (p=0.02) predicted poor survival. Ki-67 counts predicted survival with borderline significance (p=0.07), while topoisomerase II counts were not related to survival. CONCLUSION: Ki-67 and topoisomerase II counts do not appear to have a significant role in the prediction of survival in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.     

Ki-67 immunocytochemistry in liquid based cervical cytology: useful as an adjunctive tool?

AIMS: To test the ability of Ki-67 to detect cytological lesions in a screening setting and its use as a surrogate marker of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. METHODS: A study of liquid based cytology, HPV DNA testing by MY09/MY11 consensus polymerase chain reaction (PCR), type specific PCRs, and Ki-67 immunocytochemistry on a randomly selected series of 147 patients. RESULTS: Comparison of the number of Ki-67 immunoreactive cells/1000 cells in the different cytological groups showed that the HSIL group yielded a significantly higher mean count than did the other groups. The number of Ki-67 immunoreactive cells/1000 cells was significantly higher in HPV-16 positive samples than in samples containing infections with other high risk types. Receiver operating characteristic curves indicated a test accuracy (area under curve) of 0.68, 0.72, and 0.86 for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), respectively. Thresholds for 95% sensitivity were 0.07, 0.08, and 0.15 Ki-67 immunopositive cells/1000 cells for ASCUS, LSIL and HSIL, respectively. The threshold for 95% specificity was 1.9 Ki-67 immunopositive cells/1000 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Ki-67 immunocytochemistry can be applied to liquid based cytology. The accuracy and diagnostic indices of the test are good when compared with those of other techniques. As part of a panel of screening procedures, it could be used as an adjunct to liquid based cytology to identify HSIL, and as a surrogate marker of HPV-16 infection.