组织因子TF在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨组织因子TF在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其在临床诊断和评价预后中的意义.方法运用免疫组织化学染色法检测45例原发性乳腺癌组织及其相应正常组织、30例乳腺良性病变组织中TF的表达特点,并结合临床病理资料进行分析.结果(1)45例乳腺癌组织及对照正常组织中,分别有31例和4例TF表达阳性,30例乳腺良性病变组织中4例TF表达阳性(P＜0.001).(2)TF的表达与年龄、是否绝经无关(P＞0.05),与肿瘤大小、淋巴结有无转移、组织学分级呈正相关(P＜0.05).(3)TF的表达与乳腺癌预后指标C-erbB-2,p53,PCNA的表达正相关,与雌激素受体(ER)表达负相关(P＜0.05),与孕激素受体(PR)表达无关(P＞0.05).结论TF在乳腺癌组织中呈阳性表达,参与乳腺癌组织的发生发展过程,可能作为乳腺癌的一个预后因子或与其他预后指标结合共同应用于临床.     

乳腺癌组织中端粒酶活性的研究

目的 :研究乳腺癌组织、癌旁组织、良性乳腺病变、正常乳腺组织中的端粒酶活性 ,探讨其作为乳腺癌肿瘤标志物的可能性。方法 :采用端粒重复序列扩增法 (telomeraicrepeatamplificationprotocol ,TRAP)来检测 36例乳腺癌及其相应癌旁组织 ,12例良性乳腺病变 ,6例正常乳腺组织中的端粒酶活性。结果 :36例乳腺癌组织中 ,有 33例端粒酶表达阳性 ,其阳性率为 91 7% ,而且与肿瘤的大小 ,淋巴结的状态 ,临床分期有相关性。 36例癌旁组织中 ,有 2例端粒酶表达阳性 ,阳性率为 5 6 %。 12例良性乳腺病变中 ,仅有 1例端粒酶表达阳性 ,阳性率为 8 3%。 6例正常乳腺组织端粒酶表达均为阴性。结论 :乳腺癌组织中普遍存在端粒酶活性表达 ,端粒酶有可能成为诊断乳腺癌的肿瘤标志物。     

乳腺癌组织中端粒酶活性的研究

目的细胞中端粒(telomere)的长度与细胞寿命的调控密切相关,端粒长度的维持需要端粒酶(telomerase)的激活,近年来的研究发现,端粒酶的激活与肿瘤的发生,发展关系密切.本文研究乳腺癌组织,癌旁组织,良性乳腺病变,正常乳腺组织中的端粒酶活性,探讨其作为乳腺癌肿瘤标志物的可能性.方法采用端粒重复序列扩增法(telomeraic repeat amplification protocol,TRAP)来检测36例乳腺癌及其相应癌旁组织,12例良性乳腺病变,6例正常乳腺组织中的端粒酶活性.结果 36例乳腺癌组织中,有33例端粒酶表达阳性,其阳性率为91.7%,而且与肿瘤的大小,淋巴结的状态,临床分期有相关性.36例癌旁组织中,有2例端粒酶表达阳性,阳性率为5.6%.12例良性乳腺病变中,仅有1例端粒酶表达阳性,阳性率为8.3%.6例正常乳腺组织端粒酶表达均为阴性.结论乳腺癌组织中普遍存在端粒酶活性表达,端粒酶有可能成为诊断乳腺癌的肿瘤标志物.     

乳腺癌组织瘦素和瘦素受体表达及其临床意义的研究

目的:检测Leptin和Ob-R在乳腺癌中的表达,并探讨其临床意义.方法:用免疫组化的方法检测60例乳腺癌、30例乳腺良性病变及30例癌旁正常乳腺组织中Leptin和0b-R的表达.结果:乳腺癌Leptin和Ob-R表达与癌旁乳腺组织相比差异有统计学意义(P1=0.000;P2=0.000),乳腺癌Leptin和Ob-R表达与乳腺良性病变相比差异亦有统计学意义(P1=0.000;P2=0.000),而乳腺良性病变和癌旁乳腺组织相比差异均无统计学意义(P1=0.169;P2=0.545);乳腺癌中有淋巴结转移组Leptin和Ob-R表达与无淋巴结转移组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.036);乳腺癌不同TNM分期与Leptin和Ob-R表达均呈正相关(P J=0.021,γ1=0.297;P2=0.007,γ2=0.342).结论:瘦素可以作为诊断乳腺癌、判断乳腺癌分期和预后的辅助手段,能够为乳腺癌治疗提供新的思路.     

青年女性乳腺癌组织中P21和NF-κB的表达及意义

目的 探讨P21和NF-κB在青年女性乳腺癌组织中的表达及意义.方法 用免疫组织化学方法 对100例乳腺癌组织、50例癌旁正常乳腺组织及60例乳腺良性病变组织中P21、NF-κB的表达进行检测.结果 乳腺良、恶性病变组织中P21和NF-κB的表达比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).乳腺癌组织中P21和NF-KB的阳性表达率分别为84.0%和81.0%,而乳腺良性病变组织中两者的阳性表达率分别为5.0%和15.0%.乳腺癌组织中P21和NF-κB的表达与乳腺癌的组织学类型、TNM分期、肿瘤大小、雌激素受体、孕激素受体无关(P＞0.05),但与腋窝淋巴结转移有关(P＜0.05).结论 P21和NF-κB参与了乳腺癌的发生发展过程,两者可以作为判断乳腺癌生物学行为的指标.     

乳腺良性病变和乳腺癌临床病理特征及相关性分析

目的：探讨乳腺良性病变和乳腺癌的临床病理特征及相互关系.方法：对2 222例乳腺良性病变和乳腺癌的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析,免疫组化检测ER在癌旁组织中的表达.结果：乳腺增生性病变占乳腺良性病变的94.8%,乳腺浸润性癌在恶性肿瘤中占95.8%;乳腺癌平均发病年龄为47.1岁,显著高于乳腺增生性病变的34.98岁（Wilcoxon秩和检验,P＜0.000 1）;有恶性肿瘤家族史的乳腺疾病患者,发生乳腺癌的概率（6.5%）大于发生乳腺良性病变的概率（1.9%）,P＜0.001;72%的乳腺增生性病变存在＞3种病理成分;乳腺癌旁组织中不典型增生的发生率（23.5%）显著高于良性乳腺增生性病变中不典型增生的发生率（2.49%）,P＜0.01;乳腺癌旁不同良性病变与癌一样,对ER均有高表达.结论：乳腺增生性病变是女性最常见的病变成分复杂的良性疾病,其演变过程与乳腺癌有关.     

自分泌运动因子及其受体在乳腺癌中的表达

目的了解自分泌运动因子(autocrine motilityfactor,AMF)及其受体(autocrine motilityfactor receptor,AMFR)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与乳腺癌临床病理特征之间的关系.方法应用免疫组化SABC方法研究25例正常乳腺组织、23例乳腺上皮增生组织、71例乳腺癌组织中AMF、AMFR的表达.结果AMF与AMFR阳性结果完全一致.正常乳腺组织、乳腺儋上皮增生组织AMF、AMFR阳性率均低于癌组织(P＜0.05).71例原发性乳腺癌组织中有45例(63%)阳性.浸润性导管癌AMF、AMFR水平明显高于导管内癌(P=0.001).AMF、AMFR高表达与乳腺癌组织学分级、TNM分期有关(P＜0.05),与年龄、肿块大小、淋巴结是否转移无关(P＞0.05).结论AMF、AMFR表达水平高与乳腺癌的进展有关,具有判断预后的价值.     

乳腺癌组织中端粒酶活性的研究

目的：研究乳腺癌组织、癌旁组织、良性乳腺病变、正常乳腺组织中的端粒酶活性,探讨其人微言轻乳腺癌肿瘤标志物的可能性。方法：采用端粒重复序列扩增法（telomeraic repeat amplification protocol,TRAP)来检测３６例乳腺癌及其相应癌旁组织,１２例良性乳腺病变,６例正常乳腺组织中的端粒酶活性。结果：３６例乳腺癌组织中,有３３例端粒酶表达阳性,其阳性率为９１.7%,而且与肿瘤的大小,淋巴结构状态,临床分期有相关性,３６例癌旁组织中,有２例端粒酶表达阳性,阳性率为５.6%。１２例良性乳腺病变中,仅有１例端粒酶表达阳性,阳性率为８.3%。６例正常乳腺组织端粒酶表达均为阴性。结论：乳腺癌组织中普遍存在端粒酶活性表达,端粒酶有可能成为诊断乳腺癌的肿瘤标志物。     

ATF-3在乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨激活转录因子-3(ATF-3)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义.方法:采用免疫组化法检测ATF-3在乳腺浸润性导管癌、导管原位癌和癌旁乳腺组织中的表达情况及其与乳腺癌临床病理特征间的关系.结果:ATF-3在乳腺浸润性导管癌、导管原位癌及癌旁乳腺组织中的阳性表达率分别为80.95%(85/105)、48.98%(24/49)和11.43%(12/105),乳腺浸润性导管癌组ATF-3的阳性表达率显著高于导管原位癌组和癌旁乳腺组织,导管原位癌组ATF-3的阳性表达率显著高于癌旁乳腺组织,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.0167).ATF-3的表达与乳腺癌的组织学分级、淋巴结转移及临床分期相关,而与患者年龄及肿瘤大小无关.结论:ATF-3与乳腺癌的发生、发展、侵袭和转移有关,可能作为预测乳腺癌恶性程度和评估乳腺癌患者预后的重要指标.     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Morphine and tumor growth and metastasis

Morphine is an analgesic widely used to alleviate cancer pain. In addition, the perioperative management of pain in cancer surgery patients most often includes opioids. However, there are reports that these drugs may alter cancer recurrence or metastasis. Several mechanisms have been proposed, such as the modulation of the immune response or cellular pathways that control the survival and migratory behavior of cancer cells. The published literature, however, presents some discrepancies, with reports suggesting that opioids may either promote or prevent the spread of cancer. It is of great importance to determine whether opioids, in particular the most widely used, morphine, may increase the risk of metastasis when used in cancer surgery. This review examines the available data on the effects of morphine which influence cancer metastasis or recurrence, including immunomodulation, tumor cell aggressiveness, and angiogenesis, with special emphasis on recently published clinical and laboratory based studies. We further discuss the parameters that may explain the difference between reports on the effects of morphine on cancer.     

肾上腺素能β受体与肿瘤生长及转移

大量研究表明肿瘤细胞可表达β受体，而一些神经递质、药物和社会心理因素可能通过β受体影响肿瘤的生长和转移，β受体激动剂、β受体阻滞剂以及抑郁等社会心理因素可加强或削弱这种作用。这为表达β受体肿瘤的治疗开辟了新的道路，提供了新的治疗靶点。