外眦锚着术在瘢痕挛缩性下睑外翻中的应用

目的：探讨外眦锚着术在瘢痕挛缩性下睑外翻修复中应用的适应证及远期效果。方法：对瘢痕挛缩性下睑外翻29例患者（42只眼）,予瘢痕彻底松解后应用外眦睑板条式锚着术固定外眦角、下睑创面植皮进行治疗。结果：26例（38只眼）术后6～12个月随访,无需要再次手术的病例,无明显的并发症发生。结论：外眦锚着术是修复下睑退缩的一种有效方法,可应用于长期或多次复发的、瘢痕挛缩性下睑外翻的松解植皮治疗,能明显减少术后复发的可能性,获得持久可靠的手术效果。     

面中部提升加自体骨移植矫正下睑外翻

目的 本研究旨在观察面中部提升加自体骨移植矫正瘢痕性下睑外翻的临床疗效.方法 对有眼睑闭合不全和面中部下垂的瘢痕性下睑外翻者行下睑瘢痕的彻底松解,提升面中部并附着固定在眼轮匝肌深面植入的半月形自体下颌骨外板支架上.结果 本组共5例瘢痕性下睑外翻的患者,其中4例下睑外翻得到彻底矫正,1例矫正效果欠佳,术后早期均有面中部提升所致的眶下臃肿厚重,后期逐渐消失.获随访3～6个月,所有患者的眼睑闭合功能良好,美容效果理想,无下睑外翻复发.结论 面中部提升加自体骨支架移植是矫正瘢痕性下睑外翻的有效术式.     

瘢痕性睑外翻的综合治疗

目的:探讨不同类型瘢痕性睑外翻的修复方法及效果。方法:对15例不同类型和不同程度的瘢痕性睑外翻,采用局部瘢痕松解睑缘粘连、耳后返流轴型皮瓣修复及瘢痕松解植皮修复。结果:1例返流轴型耳后岛状皮瓣术后出现静脉回流障碍,皮瓣远端部分表皮坏死,Ⅱ期植皮后治愈,其余14例随访3～8月,眼睑外翻矫正,效果良好。结论:瘢痕性睑外翻病情复杂多样,须根据具体情况采用恰当方法,可取得良好效果。     

尼龙线内外眦眶骨膜固定辅助植皮治疗复发性下睑外翻

目的 探讨采用尼龙线内外眦眶骨膜固定辅助植皮的方法,修复复发性瘢痕性下睑外翻的临床效果.方法 手术在局麻下进行,切除瘢痕、松解挛缩,使下睑在无张力下完全复位,将尼龙线连续置入睑板上缘的筋膜组织中,两侧分别固定于内外眦外上方的眶骨膜上,同时下睑创面以全厚皮片植皮覆盖.结果 共修复12例患者19只眼,术后伤口均一期愈合,皮片成活良好.术后随访6～24个月,下睑均复位良好,无复发,无明显并发症发生.结论 尼龙线内外眦眶骨膜固定辅助植皮技术,是一种有效的治疗复发性瘢痕性下睑外翻的手术方法.     

睑板短缩结合内外眦悬吊矫正瘢痕性下睑外翻

目的:探讨睑板短缩结合内外眦悬吊术在瘢痕性睑外翻畸形修复中的应用及手术效果。方法:对瘢痕性睑外翻17例患者(25只眼)行瘢痕松解,根据睑板长度及睑外翻情况将睑板内外眦固定悬吊于鼻骨外侧和(或)外侧眶骨膜,下睑植皮覆盖创面。结果:术后随访6～12个月,15例(22只眼),术后恢复良好,睑无明显外翻,无需要再次手术治疗,2例(3只眼),因术后没有规律佩戴支具及应用瘢痕药下睑出现轻度外翻,患者自认为效果尚可,未再次手术。结论:睑板短缩结合内外眦悬吊矫正严重的,时间较久的睑外翻,效果可靠、持久,明显减轻睑外翻畸形的复发率,是一种较好的手术方法。     

应用眼轮匝肌蒂皮瓣修复瘢痕性下睑外翻

目的：探讨应用眼轮匝肌蒂皮瓣修复瘢痕性下睑外翻的方法及效果。方法：设计以眼轮匝肌为蒂的颞侧或鼻侧皮瓣，将皮瓣分别旋转180°或90°，覆盖眼睑部瘢痕松解后形成的创面，修复睑外翻。其中应用眼轮匝肌蒂颞侧皮瓣修复下睑外翻34例，皮瓣最大面积1．8cm×2．8cm；应用眼轮匝肌蒂鼻侧皮瓣修复下睑外翻6例，皮瓣最大面积0．7cm×1．8cm。结果：本组患者40例，皮瓣均完全成活，随访6—12个月，睑外翻无复发，供区瘢痕不明显。结论：眼轮匝肌蒂皮瓣转移方便，血供良好，色泽协调，是修复瘢痕陛下睑外翻的良好选择。     

同期修复泪小管断裂伴下睑外翻

目的：同期修复泪小管断裂伴下睑外翻以缩短疗程，方法：采用二合一同期手术，即泪小管端端吻合，硅胶管支架固定术及下睑瘢痕挛缩松解，全厚皮片移植术同期修复泪小管断裂及下睑外翻。结果：采用上述方法，同期修复16例泪小管断裂及下睑外翻，经半年以上随访，疗效满意。结论：同期愈合即恢复了生理功能，又解决了美容需求。     

心脏涤纶补片联合睑板条悬吊矫正重度瘢痕性睑外翻的临床观察

目的：探讨应用心脏涤纶补片联合睑板条悬吊及皮瓣移植治疗重度瘢痕性睑外翻的临床效果。方法：选择2020年11月-2022年8月在笔者医院接受手术治疗的重度瘢痕性睑外翻患者5例（6眼）。术中将心脏涤纶补片置于睑板下缘与下眶缘之间，分离出下睑外侧睑板条并固定悬吊于外侧眶缘内上方的骨膜上。根据受区皮肤缺失范围采用游离皮片移植或临近皮瓣转移。术后观察并记录患者眼睑的位置、形态、功能及并发症发生率等情况。结果：术后随访11～15个月，5例患者重度瘢痕性睑外翻均完全矫正，眼睑形态位置恢复良好，开、闭眼功能正常，无植入物移位、脱出等并发症，随访期内无复发。结论：采用心脏涤纶补片植入联合睑板条悬吊及皮瓣移植术治疗重度瘢痕性睑外翻，术后眼睑形态改善良好，早期复发率低，为重度瘢痕性睑外翻治疗提供了新方法。     

岛状皮瓣修复瘢痕性睑外翻

目的探讨眼轮匝肌蒂颞部岛状皮瓣与颞浅动脉蒂反流轴型耳后岛状皮瓣在修复瘢痕性睑外翻中的应用,提高睑外翻矫正后所致皮肤缺损的美学修复效果。方法自1998年2月以来,对18例瘢痕性睑外翻,采用眼轮匝肌蒂颞部岛状皮瓣旋转180°移位修复13例,皮瓣最大面积2.7cm×3.6cm;采用颞浅动脉蒂反流轴型耳后岛状皮瓣经面部皮下隧道转移修复5例,皮瓣最大面积3.1cm×5.4cm。结果1例反流轴型耳后岛状皮瓣术后出现静脉回流障碍,经对症处理后仅皮瓣远端部分表皮坏死,Ⅱ期植皮后治愈,其余17例皮瓣完全成活。随访6个月,睑外翻矫正,皮瓣颜色、质地与眼周皮肤相近,供区瘢痕不明显。结论根据睑外翻程度,可制备颞部岛状皮瓣或耳后岛状皮瓣转移。前者适用于修复较小面积的皮肤缺损,后者适用于修复较大面积的皮肤缺损。     

瘢痕性睑外翻植皮术后复发原因分析

植皮法是矫正瘢痕性睑外翻最常用的手术方法。其优点是组织来源丰富,手术方法简单,可一次完成,且供区隐蔽,不增加颜面部瘢痕,尤其适用于睑外翻伴有局部广泛瘢痕,采用局部或邻位皮瓣无法修复者。但其最大缺点是皮片易收缩,若不得法,术后虽然     

Bipedicle Orbicularis Oculi Flap in the Reconstruction of the Lower Eyelid Ectropion

Background Lower eyelid ectropion is conventionally reconstructed with a local flap or full-thickness skin graft. However, scar contracture and recurrence of ectropion often occur. This article describes an effective surgical technique for lower eyelid ectropion repair using a bipedicle orbicularis oculi muscle or myocutaneous flap from the upper eyelid. Methods This study prospectively analyzed collected data on the bipedicle orbicularis oculi muscle or myocutaneous flap from the upper eyelid in reconstruction of lower eyelid ectropion between 1995 and 2004. The flap was used in 12 eyelid procedures for the correction of lower eyelid ectropion, in 10 cases with traumatic ectropion, and in 1 case with bilateral congenital ectropion. In these cases, a strip of orbicularis oculi muscle or a myocutaneous flap from the upper eyelid with two pedicles attached in the medial and lateral canthus was advanced to the lower eyelid to suspend the eyelid and repair the skin defect. Results No problem of flap viability was encountered in any of the patients, and all healed well. Deformities were corrected, and evaluation showed satisfactory function and appearance during 0.5 to 6 years (average, 2 years) of follow-up evaluation. Eyelid malposition and bulkiness of the lower eyelid occurred in the early stages, but disappeared gradually about 3 months after the operation. There was no flap contraction, recurrent deformity, or significant donor site morbidity in the follow-up period. The incision scars were almost invisible. Conclusions The application of bipedicle orbicularis oculi muscle or a myocutaneous flap from the upper eyelid in reconstruction of lower eyelid ectropion is effective and reduces postoperative morbidity.     

埋没导引缝合法修复下睑皮肤软组织部分缺损

目的探讨埋没导引缝合法修复下睑皮肤软组织轻中度缺损的疗效。方法应用埋没导引缝合法将下睑眼轮匝肌肌皮瓣及部分眶肌筋膜韧带悬吊固定于眶外上缘侧骨膜，修复下睑皮肤软组织缺损或矫正下睑外翻畸形。临床应用56例，其中睑袋整形术后并发下睑外翻42例，下睑血管瘤6例，色素痣8例。结果全部病例经切除病变、睑外翻复位后，分离眼轮匝肌肌皮瓣悬吊固定，创面直接缝合。伤口Ⅰ期愈合，无下睑外翻，已有外翻消失，随访3个月至3年，切口瘢痕不明显。结论埋没导引缝合法修复下睑皮肤软组织轻中度缺损，尤其矫正睑袋去除术后并发睑外翻畸形，安全有效、瘢痕细小，美容效果好。     

Orbicularis oculi myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of postburn lower eyelid ectropion.

The management of postburn lower eyelid ectropion is difficult, since the contraction of the skin graft may give rise to secondary deformities especially around the lateral 1/3 of the lower eyelid. In this paper, the results of reconstruction in lower eyelid ectropion with a laterally based orbicularis oculi myocutaneous flap from the upper eyelid in 7 young patients are presented. Satisfactory function and cosmesis were obtained in the evaluation of the patients up to 40 months follow-up. The method proved versatile as the donor scar was well-hidden in the supratarsal fold and the temporally based myocutaneous flap provided additional support to the lower eyelid by exerting an upward pull against the gravity. It is concluded that usage of this flap in postburn ectropion cases is worthwhile to avoid any recurrences. reserved.     

重睑成形术同时行眼轮匝肌肌皮瓣转移治疗轻度瘢痕性上睑外翻

目的探讨轻度瘢痕性上睑外翻的患者,如何在行同侧重睑成形术时,应用上睑眼轮匝肌肌皮瓣旋转后进行修复。方法行重睑成形术时,利用可去除的松弛皮肤及其深面的眼轮匝肌制成肌皮瓣,修复外翻松解复位后遗留的缺损创面。结果2003年2月至2005年12月,共修复轻度瘢痕性上睑外翻13例13只眼,除1例因蒂部略显臃肿,6个月后再次修整外,其余皮瓣外观平整自然,随访2周至6个月,效果满意。结论将重睑成形术中可去除的松弛皮肤及深面的眼轮匝肌重新利用,制成的眼轮匝肌肌皮瓣血运丰富,长宽比例最大可达6∶1,且转移灵活,供区切口隐蔽在重睑皱襞形成线上,无供区瘢痕。     

颞侧眼轮匝肌蒂岛状皮瓣的临床应用

目的 探讨用颞侧眼轮匝肌蒂岛状皮瓣修复眼睑及鼻部皮肤软组织缺损的方法及效果.方法 设计以眼轮匝肌为蒂,以同侧颞区无毛发区为供区的皮瓣,移位并修复上下睑外翻及上下睑和鼻部肿瘤或瘢痕切除后、鼻外伤组织缺损共30例.皮瓣面积为1.0 cm×1.8 cm～2.5 cm×4.5 cm.结果 30例巾除5例早期皮瓣远端出现静脉淤血经保守治疗好转外,全部皮瓣均完全成活,随访3个月至1年,较少遗留瘢痕及继发畸形,功能及外观满意.结论 以眼轮匝肌为蒂的颞侧岛状皮瓣是修复眼睑及鼻部小面积缺损的良好手术材料,具有易于转移、血供可靠、愈合快及供区隐蔽等优点.     

Free transplantation of autogenous palmaris longus tendon in the repair of cicatricial ectropion of lower eyelid

Abstract

Treatment of cicatricial lower eyelid ectropion is often difficult and requires surgical intervention. Numerous techniques have been developed over the years to treat the cicatricial lower eyelid ectropion. This article describes an effective surgical technique using the free transplantation of autogenous palmaris longus tendon in the repair of cicatricial lower eyelid ectropion. The operation was performed with the patient under local anaesthesia. After the contracture of the lower eyelid skin or conjunctiva had been thoroughly released, a palmaris longus tendon graft was obtained through small transverse incisions along the non-dominant forearm. The graft is suspended between the medial canthal ligament and lateral orbital rim with proper tension. Then a local skin flap was transferred to cover the wound at the lower eyelid. In this study, 15 patients were treated using autogenous palmaris longus tendon between December 2008 and October 2012. At the 9–18 months of follow-up assessment, there were no major complications reported with any of the cases, and all have achieved good function and satisfactory appearance of the lower eyelid. However, five patients (33%) still had lagophthalmos, but it was in remission. In conclusion, free transplantation of autogenous palmaris longus tendon in the repair of cicatricial ectropion of the lower eyelid is an effective procedure for cicatricial ectropion, the functional and cosmetic results were satisfactory, the recurrence rate is low. Especially for the moderate and severe ectropion this method is a good choice.     

应用眼轮匝肌蒂颞部岛状皮瓣矫正睑外翻

目的探讨应用眼轮匝肌蒂颞部岛状皮瓣修复睑外翻的方法及效果。方法设计以眼轮匝肌为蒂的颞区皮瓣,将皮瓣旋转180°移位至眼睑部瘢痕松解后的创面,修复瘢痕性睑外翻。结果术后12例患者,皮瓣完全成活,随访6个月,睑外翻无复发,供区瘢痕不明显。结论眼轮匝肌蒂颞部岛状皮瓣血供可靠,修复睑外翻可取得功能与外观双重修复的满意结果。     

眼轮匝肌岛状皮瓣在面瘫性下睑外翻修复中的应用

目的：探索应用下睑眼轮匝肌瓣结合颞部眼轮匝肌肌皮瓣治疗面瘫性下睑外翻的一种新方法。方法：用下睑眼轮匝肌瓣复合颞侧眼轮匝肌肌皮瓣加强下睑修复面瘫性睑外翻，同时利用现有切口提升患侧面部。结果：7例患者术后皮瓣全部成活，随访4月至1年，下睑外翻的症状都得到了矫正，面部松弛的症状也有不同程度的改善，供瓣区瘢痕不明显。结论：应用颞部眼轮匝肌肌皮瓣加强下睑，眼轮匝肌瓣供血好成活率高，同时应用下睑眼轮匝肌瓣外侧悬吊能有效地纠正下睑外翻，改善患侧面部不对称。     

Fat transfer for cicatricial ectropion in lamellar ichthyosis.

The risk of ectropion recurrence due to skin graft contracture is high especially in patients with ichthyosis. In order to overcome this problem, fat transfer underneath the skin graft was carried out in three consecutive sessions during the early postoperative period of a 27-year-old male patient with lamellar ichthyosis and bilateral upper and lower eyelid ectropion. Transferred fat reduced graft contraction by improving the hydration and viability of the skin. In addition, the grafted fat acted like a spacer and provided tarsal support. To address the persisting epiphora, a medial spindle technique was used to invert the lower punctum lacrimalis. At 8 months follow-up, all the symptoms associated with the ectropion were completely resolved.Level of evidence: Level V, therapeutic study.     

眶下组织快速扩张纠正睑袋术后睑外翻

目的 介绍睑袋术后出现睑外翻的纠正方法。方法 在睑袋术后出现睑外翻的患侧眶下区通过口内切口在骨膜下埋置1个30－50ml大小的皮肤软组织扩张器并即时初步扩张，术后1－2周抽出囊内生理盐水即可快速纠正睑外翻。结果 32例睑袋术后睑外翻患者通过此方法治疗均获得成功。结论 皮肤软组织扩张器眶下区骨膜下埋置是纠正睑袋术后睑外翻的有效方法。