Transcatheter coil embolization of coronary artery fistula

Between December 1982 and August 2001, coil embolization of coronary artery-to-cardiac chamber fistula was attempted in 15 patients aged 11 months to 44 years (mean, 7.2 +/- 2.5 years). The fistulae connected the left anterior descending artery to the right ventricle in 4 patients, the right coronary artery to the right ventricle in 3, the right coronary artery to the right atrium in 3, the circumflex artery to the right ventricle in 2, the circumflex artery to the right atrium in 2, and the right coronary artery to the trunk of the pulmonary artery in 1. Complete fistula occlusion was achieved in 14 patients (93%); one had a residual shunt and underwent repeat embolization one year later, resulting in complete occlusion. There was one early death (7%) in a 4-year-old girl who developed femoral artery thrombosis and acute renal failure. Complications comprised migration of the coil into the pulmonary artery (2), femoral artery thrombosis (2), and perforation of the vessel wall by the guidewire (1) with immediate thrombosis and occlusion of the fistula (no coil was deployed). The 13 survivors with coils were followed up for 0.5 to 13 years; complete occlusion of the fistula was confirmed in all cases.     

Evaluation of hepatobiliary function by hepatobiliary scintigraphy in hepatoma patients after transcatheter arterial embolization

BACKGROUND: Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is the treatment of choice for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma. However, altered and impaired gallbladder function due to gallbladder infarction and bile duct necrosis following TAE have been reported. METHODS: Hepatobiliary function was evaluated using quantitative Tc-99m DISIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy in 40 hepatoma patients before and after TAE. The patients were separated into two groups: group 1 (20 patients), who received pre-cystic artery TAE, and group 2 (also 20 patients), who received post-cystic artery TAE. RESULTS: After TAE, there were no significant changes in liver or bile duct function in the patients of either group. However, for group I patients, significantly decreased gallbladder function was found after TAE. CONCLUSIONS: Altered and impaired gallbladder function is common in hepatoma patients who receive pre-cystic artery TAE, and Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy may be useful for evaluating hepatobiliary function in hepatoma patients who receive TAE.     

Transcatheter arterial embolization for segmental arterial mediolysis

PURPOSE: To report outcomes of transcatheter arterial embolization for segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM), a vascular disorder characterized by angiographically documented fusiform aneurysms separated by areas of normal appearing vessel in the celiac or mesenteric arteries. CASE REPORTS: Four patients (3 men; median age 70 years, range 57-77) had a presumptive diagnosis of SAM; the possibility of vasculitis was ruled out based on clinical and laboratory findings. Three patients were symptomatic, with aneurysm rupture; the fourth patient was diagnosed incidentally. Coil embolization was used in 3 cases and N-butyl cyanoacrylate in the other. There was no re-rupture. One patient developed a focal dissection of the superior mesenteric artery 9 months after middle colic artery embolization. Another patient died of perforation of the lower gastrointestinal tract 3 months after treatment, but the cause was unknown; mesenteric ischemia from embolization and arteriopathy could not be ruled out. CONCLUSION: Transcatheter embolization is useful for SAM. However, it is likely that the morphology associated with SAM transforms rapidly, so patients undergoing mesenteric artery embolization should be monitored at short intervals.     

Stent-assisted detachable coil embolization of pseudoaneurysms in the coronary circulation.

Pseudoaneurysms in the coronary circulation are an uncommon occurrence that can develop spontaneously in the setting of atherosclerosis or can develop after catheter-based coronary interventions. The natural history, clinical outcome, and optimal therapy for pseudoaneurysms in the coronary circulation are not clearly established. Recent advances in the techniques and technologies used for endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms may be applicable to the management of coronary aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms. We present a case of spontaneous coronary pseudoaneurysm formation after paclitaxel drug-eluting stent implantation and a case of pseudoaneurysm formation in a saphenous vein graft that were both successfully treated with stent-assisted detachable coil embolization.     

Transcatheter arterial embolization for intercostal arterial bleeding in a patient after chest tube insertion

Retrograde tube radiography is commonly used in cholangiography and pyelography. We present a case of massive chest tube bleeding 10 days after tube insertion with no noted contrast extravasation on contrast enhanced chest CT with active bleeding detected by retrograde radiography via the chest tube. Subsequent transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) was successfully performed as a definitive treatment to stop active bleeding. We consider that retrograde tube radiography may be an alternative diagnostic method for patients with active bleeding from a drainage tube, helping to localize bleeding points and presenting TAE an attractive, minimally invasive and effective treatment modality for intercostal artery rupture.     

Transcatheter arterial embolization in hepatic tumor hemorrhage

Abstract

Objective: Spontaneous hepatic tumor hemorrhage is a rare but challenging emergency especially among cirrhotic patients with poor hepatic function. This study aimed at analyzing the safety, efficacy and feasibility of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in the treatment of hepatic tumor hemorrhage.

Methods: This retrospective study included all patients undergoing embolization attempt for hepatic tumor hemorrhage in the Helsinki University Hospital during 2004–2017. Electronic medical records provided the study data. Outcomes included the 30-day rebleeding, complication and mortality rates, need for blood transfusions, durations of intensive care unit and hospital admissions, estimates of overall survival, and analysis of factors associated with 30-day mortality.

Results: During the study period, 49 patients underwent angiography for hepatic tumor hemorrhage. TAE was technically feasible in 45 patients (92%), and controlled the bleeding with the first attempt in 84%. The 30-day complication and mortality rates were 57 and 33%, respectively. Major complications occurred in 33% of patients. In-hospital mortality was higher among cirrhotic than non-cirrhotic patients (55 versus 7%, p?Discussion: TAE is an effective method in controlling the bleeding in spontaneous hepatic hemorrhage. Underlying pathology determines the prognosis that is poor especially in cirrhotic patients with bleeding hepatocellular carcinoma.     

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatic recurrence after curative resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Background/Aims

Despite curative resection, hepatic recurrences cause a significant reduction in survival in patients with primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has recently been used successfully to treat primary and secondary hepatic malignancy.

Methods

Between 2003 and 2008, 15 patients underwent TACE because of hepatic recurrence after curative resection of a pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The tumor response was evaluated based on computed tomography scans after TACE. The overall duration of patient survival was measured.

Results

After TACE, a radiographically evident response occurred in six patients whose tumors demonstrated a tumor blush on angiography. Four patients demonstrated stabilization of a hypovascular mass. The remaining five patients demonstrated continued progression of hypovascular hepatic lesions. The median survival periods from the time of diagnosis and from the time of initial TACE were 9.6 and 7.5 months, respectively.

Conclusions

TACE may represent a viable therapeutic modality in patients with hepatic recurrence after curative resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.     

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization after percutaneous microwave ablation and portal vein embolization for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

<正>To the Editor: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS) promotes the future liver remnant(FLR) rapid proliferation in the short term, which in turn provides an opportunity for radical surgical resection to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) for patients with insufficient FLR [ 1, 2 ]. However, the HCC patients with cirrhosis have slow compensatory hyperplasia of the FLR, and hence,     

Transcatheter embolization coil closure of patent ductus arteriosus -modified delivery for enhanced control during coil positioning

The use of Gianturco coils (Cook, Inc., Bloomington, IN) has been recently described as a method of occluding restrictive patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Precise control of the coil during positioning or withdrawal is difficult. We designed an inexpensive and readily available system to control the coil during delivery and repositioning. A 5 French Mallincrodt vertebral catheter was heat tapered to allow slight, but definite resistance of a 0.035″ guide wire when it was passed through the catheter. The delivery system has been used to successfully coil occlude restrictive PDAs in seven patients. The system has added no additional costs to the procedure and has provided improved control of the coil position prior to release of the coil. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Transcatheter embolization of congenital coronary arterial fistulas in adults.

In this report, we describe our experience with transcatheter occlusion of congenital coronary arterial fistulas in adults. From November 1992 to November 1996, 5 symptomatic patients, aged from 47 to 70 years, underwent transcatheter occlusion of fistulas using a retrograde arterial approach. All had chest pain or dyspnea on exertion. Detachable balloons were used in 4 patients, and Gianturco coils in 1. Detachable balloons were implanted through a Debrun system, while the coils were implanted through a 5 French right coronary Judkins catheter. Both were passed through an 8 French guiding catheter (Amplatz II). Each patient had a single fistula. The fistulas originated from the right coronary artery in 3 patients, and from the circumflex artery in 2. They drained into the pulmonary trunk in 3 patients, into the right atrium in 1, and into a bronchial artery in the other. All fistulas were occluded completely in the catheterization laboratory, and the procedures were uncomplicated. At follow up, 3 patients underwent coronary angiography, and there was no evidence of recanalization. Transcatheter embolization in adults of single congenital coronary fistulas with detachable balloons and coils is safe and effective and can be regarded as an acceptable alternative to surgery.     

Transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis

Abstract In order to evaluate the possible benefits of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with peripheral portal vein thrombosis, 96 consecutive HCC cases with peripheral portal vein thrombosis were analysed. Of them, 35 cases received TAE and 61 cases did not. Most (77.8%) of the TAE-treated cases showed decreased α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels after treatment, but 57.1% of them suffered another rise in AFP levels and subsequently died. One patient (2.8%) developed progressive jaundice after TAE and died within 1 month, while four of the non-TAE cases died within 1 month after diagnosis. In general, TAE is safe for HCC patients with peripheral portal vein thrombosis. In addition, using Cox's regression model for multivariate survival analysis, serum total bilirubin (≤, > 2 mg/dL; P = 0.0254), AFP (≤ 3155 ng/mL, > 3155 ng/mL; P = 0.0002) and treatments (TAE, non-TAE; P = 0.0059) were found to affect their prognosis. There was significant difference in survival between TAE and non-TAE groups, the 6 month, 1 year and 2 year survival rates were 91.4 versus 62.3%, 51.4 versus 26.2% and 17.1 versus 4.9% ( P = 0.0017). The median survival times of TAE and non-TAE groups were 10.3 versus 3.7 months, respectively. Though TAE only provided palliative treatment, it did prolong survival in HCC patients with peripheral portal vein thrombosis.     

医源性上消化道大出血的选择性血管造影诊断及栓塞治疗

目的: 探讨医源性上消化道大出血的选择性血管造影诊断及栓塞治疗的临床应用价值.方法: 对37例医源性上消化道大出血行选择性血管造影, 根据消化道出血至血管造影的时间分为急诊组(28例)、非急诊组(9例), 对比分析. 术中根据不同出血原因和出血部位, 采用不同栓塞材料栓塞.结果: 本组血管造影阳性33例, 总阳性率89.2%(33/37). 急诊组阳性率96.4%(27/28),非急诊组阳性率66.7%(6/9); 急诊组选择性血管造影检出阳性率明显高于非急诊组,两组差异有统计学意义( P<0.05). 造影阳性33例病例中31例栓塞后立刻止血; 2例重症胰腺炎栓塞治疗1 wk后再出血, 再次栓塞后止血;1例重症胰腺炎栓塞术后立刻止血, 术后13 d死于多器官功能衰竭. 造影阴性4例行试验性栓塞, 3例成功止血, 1例无效, 外科手术止血.术后随访3-12 mo, 患者无再出血及肠坏死等严重并发症.结论: 急诊选择性血管造影能提高医源性上消化道大出血的造影阳性率, 对出血部位的诊断具有重要意义. 经导管栓塞治疗是安全有效的止血措施.     

Efficacy of endovascular embolization of arterial pseudoaneurysms in pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThere is a significant variability in the reported outcomes following endovascular embolization of arterial pseudoaneurysms in pancreatitis. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of endovascular embolization of pancreatitis-related pseudoaneurysms.MethodsSearches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases were performed through July 1, 2019 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. All studies with ≥10 patients reporting technical success, clinical success, complications, and mortality were included. Generalized linear mixed method with random effects model was used for assessing pooled incidence rates and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 29 studies (n = 840 with 638 pseudoaneurysms) were included. The pooled incidence rates of pseudoaneurysms in acute and chronic pancreatitis were 0.05% and 0.03%, respectively (odds ratio, 0.91, 95% CI-0.24–3.43). The most common site of pseudoaneurysm was splenic artery (37.7%). The most common embolization agent was coil (n = 415). The follow up period was 54.7 months (range, 21 days to 40.5 months). Pooled technical success rate was 97% (95% CI-92-99%, I² 83%). Clinical success rates at ≤3 months, 3–12 months, and >12 months were 82% (95% CI-70-90%, I² 42%), 86% (95% CI-75-92%, I² 44%), and 88% (95% CI-83-91%, I² 0%), respectively. There was no significant difference in the technical or clinical success between acute and chronic pancreatitis on subgroup analysis. Mortality was lower in chronic pancreatitis (OR 4.27 (95% CI 1.35–13.53, I² 0%)). Splenic infarction was the most common complication (n = 47).ConclusionEndovascular embolization is associated with a high technical and clinical success.