艾司西酞普兰合并正念认知治疗对广泛性焦虑障碍患者自尊和应对方式的影响

目的:探讨艾司西酞普兰合并正念认知治疗(MBCT)对广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)患者自尊和应对方式的影响。方法:采用随机数字法将72例GAD患者分为研究组和对照组各36例;两组均给予艾司西酞普兰治疗,同时给予研究组MBCT;于治疗前和治疗8周后应用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、自尊量表(SES)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)进行评定。结果:治疗后研究组HAMA评分明显低于对照组,SES评分明显高于对照组, SCSQ积极应对评分明显高于对照组,消极应对评分低于明显对照组(P均0.01)。结论:艾司西酞普兰合并MBCT能有效改善GAD患者的焦虑症状、自尊水平和应对方式。     

艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑障碍自身对照研究

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰对广泛性焦虑障碍治疗效果及不良反应。方法60例广泛性焦虑障碍患者接受艾司西酞普兰治疗8周,采用HAMA（汉密尔顿焦虑量表）和CGI（临床疗效总评量表）及TESS（不良反应量表）评定疗效和不良反应。结果艾司西酞普兰对广泛性焦虑障碍有显著疗效,不良反应小,安全性高。结论艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑障碍安全有效,不良反应小。     

艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑的疗效观察

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑的疗效及安全性。方法将64例广泛性焦虑患者随机分为研究组(艾司西酞普兰组)与对照组(文拉法辛组)各32例,分别予艾司西酞普兰与文拉法新治疗,疗程均为6周。分别采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、临床疗效总评量表-病情严重度(CGI-SI)、艾森贝格抗抑郁剂副反应量表(SERS)于治疗前及治疗第1,46周末进行评定。结果艾司西酞普兰组在治疗后各个时点2,,的HAMA总分、精神性症状分、躯体性症状分、CGI-SI评分均明显下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。文拉法新组在治疗后第1周末躯体性症状分与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),HAMA总分、精神性症状分、CGI-SI评分从治疗后第2周起明显下降,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。艾司西酞普兰组在治疗后各个时点躯体性症状分均低于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。艾司西酞普兰组总有效率为84.28%,显效率为66.67%;与文拉法新组总有效率78.13%、显效率为53.33%比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。艾司西酞普兰组在治疗第1,周末SERS2总分与文拉法新组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后6周末两组的SERS总分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑有良好疗效,起较更快,不良反应轻微。     

个案管理模式在广泛性焦虑障碍患者中的应用

目的探讨个案管理模式对广泛性焦虑障碍患者生活质量及临床结局的影响。方法选取来自四川省精神卫生中心心身疾病科且符合《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准(第3版)》(CCMD-3)广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)诊断标准的120例住院患者,随机分为个案管理组和对照组各60例,两组均采用原有抗焦虑药物和日常心理治疗,个案管理组还进行个案管理干预。于干预前、干预后1、2、4、8、12、24、48周采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、临床疗效总评量表(CGI)和幸福指数量表(Index of Well-being)进行评定。结果两组服药依从性、复发率、满意度比较差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05);治疗后两组HAMA、HAMD、CGI评分均较基线期低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);在治疗及随访期间,个案管理组HAMA、HAMD、CGI及总体幸福感评分均较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论对GAD在药物治疗及一般心理支持治疗基础上实施个案管理服务48周后患者的焦虑、抑郁症状缓解更明显,服药依从性更好,复发率更低、生活质量更好,患者对治疗的满意度提高。     

内观认知疗法对抑郁症患者临床症状、生活质量和社会功能的影响

目的探讨了内观认知疗法（NCT）合并药物对于改善抑郁症患者抑郁症状、社会功能和生活质量的疗效。方法对抑郁症患者在药物治疗基础上,分别合并给予NCT和支持性心理治疗（SP）;以汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD-17）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、临床总体印象量表（CGI）、健康状况调查问卷（SF-36）、社会功能量表（SFRS）进行评估。结果NcT治疗后较SP治疗后CGI—S、HAMD、SDS、SFRS评分降低;SF-36评分提高。结论合并药物治疗前提下NCT较SP能够更显著改善抑郁症患者的抑郁症状、社会功能和生活质量。     

首发广泛性焦虑障碍临床特征分析

目的分析首发广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)患者的临床特征及相互关系。方法采用汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD17)、社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)、生活事件量表(LES)及健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)对102名首发广泛性焦虑障碍患者的临床特征进行评估。结果GAD患者有两个高发年龄段,最常见的症状为焦虑心境(99.0%)、紧张(97.1%)和心血管系统症状(95.1%);女性患者的感觉系统症状和生殖泌尿系统症状较男性明显(P<0.05);61.8%的患者病前有重大生活事件,22.5%的患者存在消极观念;SDSS平均分(13.46±8.54),68.7%的患者报告有躯体疼痛症状,疼痛症状对生活的影响程度与社会功能缺陷相关(r=0.304,P<0.01)。结论首发广泛性焦虑障碍以焦虑心境、紧张和心血管系统症状多见,躯体疼痛是影响社会功能的重要因素。     

伴抑郁症状的焦虑障碍患者生活质量的研究

目的 探讨伴有抑郁症状的焦虑障碍患者的生活质量.方法 纳入符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版焦虑障碍诊断标准的患者163例和162名正常对照,患者按是否伴有抑郁症状分为单纯焦虑组以及焦虑-抑郁共存组,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数表(PSQI)和世界卫生组织生命质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)等分别评定受试者的情绪症状、睡眠和生活质量,采用SPSS18.0对两组进行比较.结果 46.6%(76/163)的焦虑障碍患者伴有抑郁症状.焦虑-抑郁共存组的SAS标准分、PSQI总分均高于单纯焦虑组(P<0.01),WHOQOL-BREF总分及生理、心理、社会关系及环境领域得分分别为[ (47.92±8.52 )、(10.17±2.64)、(11.12±2.55)、(11.29±2.27)、(10.69±2.65)],而单纯焦虑组和健康对照组相应得分分别为[(57.88±9.43)、(13.02±2.61)、(13.08±2.29)、(13.44±2.41)、(12.47±2.63)和(65.14±9.42)、(14.99±2.41)、(11.12±2.55)、(11.29±2.27)、(10.69±2.65)],前者各得分均分别高于后两者(P均小于0.01).结论 焦虑障碍患者常伴发抑郁症状,伴有抑郁症状的焦虑障碍患者生活质量更低.     

广泛性焦虑障碍的元认知理论

广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）是一种以担忧为核心心理特征的，并伴有机体紧张等躯体症状的焦虑障碍。Wells的元认知模型通过探讨GAD患者的病态性担忧的形成、运作和循环，提出了GAD患者存在两种担忧的假设-Ⅰ型担忧和Ⅱ型担忧（元担忧），并认为元担忧是导致患者的弥漫的、持续的以及难以控制的担忧的核心因素。由该模型发展起来的元认知疗法在治疗GAD过程中体现出有效的作用。本文对此作如下浅述。     

综合干预模式对门诊广泛性焦虑障碍患者的疗效

目的:探讨综合干预模式对门诊广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)患者的疗效。方法:采用随机数字表法将92例GAD门诊患者分为干预组(n=45)和对照组(n=47),两组均给予门诊常规药物治疗,干预组同时合并综合干预(包括团体认知行为治疗及诊室外疾病管理),疗程12周。分别在干预前、干预1个月、干预结束时、干预结束后1个月随访时采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、总体幸福感量表(GWB)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)对两组患者进行评估。结果:干预1个月时两组SCL-90总分、躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分以及GWB中对健康担心维度评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);干预完成及随访时两组SCL-90总分、躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分以及GWB总分、对健康担心、生活满足、愉快心境维度评分差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。重复测量方差分析显示,两组在不同时间点的SCL-90、GWB总分及各维度得分差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01);SCL-90总分及躯体化、焦虑、抑郁因子分的组间效应和交互效应显著(P均<0.01);两组GWB总分及对健康...     

正念疗法在社交焦虑障碍中应用的研究进展

随着认知行为疗法第三代浪潮的到来,越来越多的基于正念的心理疗法被应用于社交焦 虑障碍中。基于正念的心理疗法主要包括正念减压疗法、正念认知疗法和接纳承诺疗法。一些研究已 证实基于正念的心理疗法能够减轻社交焦虑症状,增加自尊、正念技能和心理灵活性。现对正念的定义、 正念疗法的介绍以及正念疗法在社交焦虑障碍中的应用进展进行阐述。     

心理剧治疗对广泛性焦虑症患者生活质量的影响

目的 探讨心理剧治疗对广泛性焦虑症患者生活质量的影响.方法 将76例广泛性焦虑症患者随机分为观察组和对照组各38例.两组均予以米氮平系统治疗,观察组在此基础上则联合心理剧治疗,疗程均为12周.采用Hamilton焦虑量表(HAMA)及生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)分别于治疗前及治疗12周末进行评定.结果 治疗...     

Impairment and quality of life in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder

Once considered to be a disorder associated with minimal impairment, the link between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and impairment across a broad constellation of domains is now well established. However, less is known about how comorbidity affects these relationships or how GAD impacts one's perceived life satisfaction or quality of life. To investigate these questions, data from 52 treatment-seeking individuals with GAD (33 with comorbid Axis I diagnoses) were compared to data from 55 nonanxious controls. Individuals with GAD reported more impairment at work and in their social functioning than they did with home and family responsibilities. They also reported lower quality of life than nonanxious controls, particularly in regard to self-esteem, goals and values, money, work, play, learning, creativity, friends, and relatives. Trait worry was positively correlated with impairment and inversely related to life satisfaction within the clinical sample. Individuals with GAD, with and without comorbid Axis I diagnoses, showed few differences on measures of impairment (differing only on impairment in social functioning). However, individuals with GAD and comorbid disorders perceived their lives as less satisfying than did individuals with GAD without comorbid diagnoses.     

Examining quality of life in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: clinical relevance and response to duloxetine treatment

BACKGROUND: Duloxetine, a serotonergic noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor, improved functional outcomes in each of three clinical studies for the treatment of adults with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Using comparison norms, the current work describes the clinical relevance of these functional improvements in terms of return to normative functioning and symptom remission. METHODS: Data were pooled at the individual patient level from three double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of duloxetine treatment (9-10 weeks acute therapy, dose ranges 60-120mg). Inclusion/exclusion criteria were consistent across studies, and outcome measures included the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF), and European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D). RESULTS: Adult patients (mean age=42.4 years; 65% women) were randomly assigned to duloxetine (N=668) or placebo (N=495). At baseline, the majority of patients were impaired on the SDS global functioning (89%), Q-LES-Q-SF maximum percent (95%), and EQ-5D (76%) scores. On each measure, a greater percentage of duloxetine-treated patients converted from an impaired baseline to a normative endpoint score than did placebo-treated patients (p0.001, all comparisons). Remission defined as a HAMA total score at endpoint of 10, compared with 7, captured a greater proportion of patients who were functionally in remission. CONCLUSIONS: GAD is associated with substantial impairment in functioning and subjective well-being, and patients treated with duloxetine 60-120mg/day, compared with placebo, experienced a greater return to normative functioning. Attention to role functioning and quality of life may refine our definition of remission when using standard symptom measures of anxiety.     

Cognitive processes of generalized anxiety disorder in comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder

This study examines how cognitive variables, which play a central role in the development and maintenance of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), manifest themselves when GAD and major depressive disorder (MDD) are comorbid. Thirty-two participants were divided into two groups, a group of individuals with a principal diagnosis of comorbid GAD and MDD and a group of people with a principal diagnosis of GAD without MDD. Groups were compared using four cognitive variables: intolerance of uncertainty, poor problem orientation, cognitive avoidance, and beliefs about worry. Our results show that the group of individuals with a principal diagnosis of comorbid GAD and MDD were more intolerant of uncertainty, presented poorer problem orientation, and displayed more cognitive avoidance. The cognitive implications of these results are discussed, and diagnostic criteria are presented to facilitate the differential diagnosis between both groups.     

Cognitive theories of generalized anxiety disorder.

The hallmark feature of generalized anxiety disorder, worry, has been hypothesized to be a key factor in the production of threat-related information-processing biases in the domains of attention, memory, interpretation of ambiguity, and problem solving; however, worry and cognitive biases are not unique to generalized anxiety disorder. What may be unique to generalized anxiety disorder is the pervasive use of worry as a strategy to avoid intense negative effect and the broad domains in which these biases are exhibited, directly relating to the clinical observation that patients with generalized anxiety disorder worry about numerous life stressors. Also, the authors conclude that information-processing biases contribute to worry but that they are insufficient for the development of generalized anxiety disorder. Directions for future research and clinical implications are discussed.     

焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍患者的睡眠质量及与焦虑、抑郁症状的相关性

目的 探讨焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍患者的睡眠质量及与焦虑、抑郁症状的相关性.方法 选取2020年8月至2021年8月在深圳市康宁医院焦虑障碍科住院治疗的70例广泛性焦虑障碍、惊恐障碍、抑郁障碍患者,其中抑郁障碍组33例,焦虑障碍组37例.比较两组的汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数...     

艾司西酞普兰联合团体人际心理治疗对老年抑郁症患者社会功能及生活质量的影响

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰联合团体人际心理治疗对老年抑郁症患者社会功能及生活质量的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将84例符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)抑郁发作和复发性抑郁障碍诊断标准的患者分为研究组和对照组各42例,两组均接受艾司西酞普兰治疗,研究组在此基础上接受每周一次的团体人际心理治疗,两组均治疗12周。于治疗前和治疗12周末采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项版(HAMD-17)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)和生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)进行评定。结果治疗后两组HAMD-17和SDSS评分均较治疗前低,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01);研究组HAMD-17和SDSS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或0.01);两组GQOLI-74评分均较治疗前高,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01);治疗后研究组GQOLI-74总评分、社会功能和心理功能维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01)。结论艾司西酞普兰联合团体人际心理治疗较单用艾司西酞普兰可能更有助于改善老年抑郁症患者的抑郁症状和社会功能,提高其生活质量。     

焦虑症患者的生命质量与焦虑症状的相关性研究

目的 探讨焦虑症患者的生命质量以及与焦虑症状的关系.方法 采用生命质量量表(LQS)及Hamilton焦虑量表(HAMA)对60例焦虑症患者进行了问卷调查,并与60例正常对照者比较.结果 焦虑症患者的生命质量总分及各因子评分均明显低于正常对照者(P＜0.01).焦虑症患者的生命质量总分及各因子评分与HAMA总分及因子分均呈显著性负相关(P＜0.01).结论 焦虑症患者的生命质量较差,且与焦虑症状有关,即焦虑症状越重,其生命质量越差.