PIBF: The Double Edged Sword. Pregnancy and Tumor

Citation Szekeres‐Bartho J, Polgar B. PIBF: The Double Edged Sword. Pregnancy and Tumor. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 64: 77–86 Problem The role of progesterone‐dependent immunomodulation in the maintenance of normal pregnancy. Methods In vitro and in vivo data on the effect that progesterone and its mediator progesterone‐induced blocking factor (PIBF) exert on the immune functions of pregnant women are reviewed, together with clinical findings. Results Activated pregnancy lymphocytes express progesterone receptors, which enable progesterone to induce a protein called PIBF. PIBF increases Th2 type cytokine production by signaling via a novel type of IL‐4 receptor and activating the Jak/STAT pathway. PIBF inhibits phosholipase A2, thus reduces prostaglandin synthesis. PIBF inhibits perforin release in human decidual lymphocytes and reduces the deleterious effect of high NK activity on murine pregnancy. PIBF production is a characteristic feature of normal human pregnancy, and its concentration is reduced in threatened pregnancies. PIBF mRNA and protein are expressed in a variety of malignant tumors. Inhibition of PIBF synthesis increases survival rates of leukemic mice. Conclusion Progesterone‐induced blocking factor is produced by pregnancy lymphocytes and also by malignant tumors. The PIBF‐induced Th2‐dominant immune response is favorable during pregnancy but might facilitate tumor growth by suppressing local antitumor immune responses.     

胎,婴儿脾的外形与脾叶动脉分布的关系

观察研究了７９例胎、婴儿的脾。在描记脾外形的基础上，求出以脾的最大投影面积与其重的回归方程；记录分析了脾切迹、裂及其与脾内叶、段动脉分布的关系；在３１例胎儿脾透明标本上分离了上、下叶和极段，测算结果主要有：上叶大于下叶者占５８．１％，而上叶小于或等于下叶者分别占２５．８％和１６％，极段一般小于脾大小的１／４。     

Progesterone induced blocking factor (PIBF) mediates progesterone induced suppression of decidual lymphocyte cytotoxicity

PROBLEM: Progesterone induced blocking factor (PIBF) is a mediator of progesterone that blocks peripheral blood lytic natural killer (NK) activity. Progesterone or PIBF stimulated decidual macrophages block up-regulation of perforin expression in decidual lymphocytes (DL). Therefore, we investigated whether progesterone regulates cytotoxicity of DL. METHOD OD STUDY: Decidual mononuclear cells were cultured with progesterone. PIBF, progesterone and anti-PIBF antibody or in the medium only. Cytolytic activity of non-adherent DL was measured by PKH-26 (red) 2 hr cytolytic assay and flow cytometry. Perforin positive DL were detected by immunofluorescency and PIBF-positive cells by immunohistology. RESULTS: Progesterone and PIBF, in a dose-dependent manner decreased cytotoxicity of DL against K-562 targets, and perforin egzocytosys was blocked. Anti-PIBF antibodies reversed the progesterone mediated reduction in cytolytic activity of DL. PIBF positive cells were found in first trimester pregnancy decidua. CONCLUSION: The results indicate possible role for PIBF, as a mediator of progesterone in regulation of DL cytolytic activity at the maternal-foetal (M-F) interface.     

神经-免疫-内分泌网络与癫痫发病机理的关系

癫痫是一种严重危害人类健康的神经系统疾病 ,但长期以来对其发病机理的研究一直未取得突破性进展 ,而缺乏综合性系统研究是其重要原因之一。我们将 2 0世纪 70年代提出的“神经 免疫 内分泌网络”学说应用于癫痫发病机理研究 ,以期取得新的进展。现以此为题 ,结合我们的工作 ,综述如下。1 神经 免疫 内分泌网络1977年Ｂｅｓｅｄｏｖｓｋｙ提出“免疫 神经 内分泌网络”学说 ,其要点是 :1 动物有机体内存在着免疫、神经、内分泌 3大系统 ,调节全身的机能活动 ;2 上述 3大调节系统之间存在着互相调节的双向回路或网络[1 ] 。免疫系统通过…     

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational identification as well as the impact that these two constructs have on turnover intention and job satisfaction (focal outcomes). Participants were 5,195 employees from 730 teams in 6 Italian local health organizations. Two competing conceptual models were tested for goodness of fit using multilevel path analysis. In the first model, psychological empowerment predicts organizational identification, which, in turn, predicts focal outcomes. In the second model, organizational identification predicts psychological empowerment, which, in turn, predicts focal outcomes. Fit indices of the path analysis indicated that the second model obtained the best fit to the data as compared with other models. Moreover, mediation analysis showed that psychological empowerment mediated the relationship between organizational identification and focal outcomes.     

整周龄胎儿股骨长与胎龄的关系

B超检测正常妊娠中的297例受精龄为14至39整周（completed week)胎儿的股骨长，对所测数据经统计学分析后，显示出股骨长与胎龄之间呈显著的直线正相关，并推算了二者的回归方程，为以股骨长作为推算胎龄指标提供了进一步的依据。     

广东汉族类风湿关节炎某些易感基因研究

为了探讨类风湿关节炎（ＲＡ）的遗传易感基因，用多聚酶链反应－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＰＣＲ－ＰＡＧＥ）和银染色作ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１基因分型，对１０６例健康人和５０例ＲＡ患者进行检测。结果显示：广东汉族共检出６种ＤＱＡ１等位基因，ＲＡ患者组ＤＱＡ１＊０１０１等位基因显著增高（ＲＲ＝２．３３４、Ｐ＜０．００５、ＥＦ＝０．１５４）；ＤＱＡ１＊０１０２明显减少（ＲＲ＝０．０６８、Ｐ＜０．０１、ＰＦ＝０．５７７）；对ＲＡ组中的３１例ＤＲ４阳性患者的ＤＱＡ１基因分析显示，ＤＲ４与ＤＱＡ１＊０３０１连锁的频率显著高于健康人组（Ｐ＜０．００５）。提示ＤＱＡ１＊０１０１对ＲＡ有易感作用，而ＤＱＡ１＊０１０２有遗传抵抗作用；ＤＱＡ１和ＤＲ４基因型检测可能为预测ＲＡ易感者和估计预后提供理论依据。     

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS AND THE WAVE LINE OF AORTA

The wave line is a structure that is frequently observed in aorta. Grossly this structure (wave line), measuring 0.3 0.5 cm in width and 5–10 cm in length, runs longitudinally or spirally along the long axis of the aorta. The distribution and the relation with arteriosclerotic plaque of wave line were studied. The wave line had three predilection sites: A) the wave line running down from closure of Botallo duct to ostium of 6–8th intercostal artery, B) the wave line between ostium of both renal arteries, C) the wave line running down from lumbar artery to iliac arteries. The wave line observed in the aortae of neonates gradually increased with age. Its frequency is about 80–100% in the second and the third decades. The association of arteriosclerosis with the wave line was frequently observed, especially on "C" region. Fifty-five percent of arteriosclerotic plaques in the fourth decade corresponded with the wave line.     

人类白细胞抗原与IgA肾病关联及其临床意义

７５例经肾穿刺证实ＩｇＡ肾病患者来自上海驻族患者检测了ＨＬＡ－Ａ、Ｂ、ＤＲ抗原和５９例ＨＬＡ－ＤＱ抗原，发现ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ４抗原频率明显增高，ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ５一型频率降低；ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ４抗原阳性者在大量蛋白尿组和肉眼血尿组均增高。     

THE POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANTI-HEPARIN ACTIVITY OF SERUM AND THROMBOSIS

Stored serum reduces the anticoagulant effect of heparin on the clotting times of normal plasma. This is also well marked with sera from patients with Christmas (factor IX) deficiency, with factor VII-deficient sera, and in sera derived from patients treated with phenindione with a gross defect in thromboplastin generation. The possible relationship between antiheparin activity of serum and heparin resistance in recent thrombosis is discussed. The antiheparin agent resembles factor VII and Christmas factor in being present in excess in serum, adsorbed and subsequently eluted from alumina. Unlike these, however, it does not appear to be appreciably reduced by phenindione treatment. It appears to have some properties in common with those described for the thrombotic agent of serum described by Wessler and his colleagues. It may play a part in the increased coagulability associated with thrombosis from the release of serum products into the circulation, although its relationship to the production of thrombosis in man remains to be established.     

Progesterone directly and indirectly affects perforin expression in cytolytic cells

PROBLEM: Decidual lymphocytes (DL) expressing the cytolytic molecule perforin represent approximately 55% of DL in the first trimester of human pregnancy. Progesterone dominates this phase of pregnancy and controls the production of uterine cytokines and growth factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of progesterone and progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) on perforin expression in DL and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). METHOD OF STUDY: Perforin expression was analyzed in PBL and DL incubated either in culture medium or with decidual adherent cells (DAC) and peripheral blood adherent cells (PBAC) and their supernatants with or without progesterone or PIBF. Perforin was detected by flow cytometry in PB and in decidual first trimester pregnancy lymphocytes. RESULTS: Progesterone in high concentrations directly affects perforin expression in DL but not in PBL. Progesterone in a concentration dependent manner indirectly blocks perforin expression in DL and PBL cultured with adherent cells or their supernatants. PIBF blocked upregulation of perforin expression of DL cultured with DAC, but none of those cultured with PBAC. Similarly, PIBF was inefficient when PBL or DL were cultured with PBAC. CONCLUSION: Progesterone present in a high concentration locally at the maternal-fetal interface modulates perforin expression in the first trimester pregnancy DL.     

腓骨切除长度与踝关节稳定性之间的关系

用位移传感器对腓骨分段切除后外踝的纵向位移和侧向位移进行测试与分析,研究表明,腓骨切除后,外踝的侧向与纵向位移都显著增加,而且随着腓骨切除段的增长,位移亦随着增加.踝关节的稳定也受到影响.     

内源性端粒酶抑制基因遗传不稳定性与胃癌进展的关系

目的 研究8号染色体上D8S277位点的杂合性缺失(LOH)和微卫星不稳定性(MSI)对内源性端粒酶抑制基因(PINX1)蛋白表达的影响,阐明PINX1基因遗传不稳定性与胃癌进展的关系. 方法采用石蜡包埋组织抽提DNA,聚合酶链-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)分析,常规银染检测D8S277位点的LOH和MSI,采用Envision免疫组织化学染色和Leica-Qwin计算机图像分析等方法. 结果 D8S277位点的LOH发生率在淋巴结转移组(21.15%)明显高于无淋巴结转移组(0,P<0.05);在胃癌TNM Ⅲ Ⅳ期(24.39%)显著高于Ⅰ Ⅱ期(3.33%,P<0.05).PINX1蛋白阳性率在无淋巴结转移组(78.95%)明显高于有淋巴结转移组(48.08%,P<0.05);TNM分期Ⅰ Ⅱ期(73.33%)明显高于Ⅲ Ⅳ期(43.90%,P<0.05);蛋白表达阴性组LOH阳性率为32.28%,明显高于蛋白阳性组的2.50%(P<0.01). 结论 PINX1基因的遗传不稳定性可能导致该抑癌基因突变,是肿瘤发生发展的一个因素,LOH和MSI通过不同的途径调控胃癌的发生和发展.     

临床下痫样放电与认知功能受损关系分析

目的：分析癫痫临床下痫样放电与认识功能受损的关系。方法：分析1998年8月至2002年3月，用MB8000型8导动态脑电图监测到的8例临床下痫样放电。结果：男6例，女2例。8例均有痫样放电，临床均伴有不同程度的认识功能受损表现。结论：临床下痫样放电与认识功能受损有密切关系。所以对无明显临床发作学习困难患儿作动态脑电图检查是很有必要的。     

青少年足长与体重关系的研究

本文用AppleⅡ电子计算机对7-17岁1533名青少年的足长与体重关系进行了研究,发现二者呈正相关。r=0.85(女)——0.90(男)。p<0.05(女)——0.005(男)。并求出由足长推算体重的回归方程:(1)■=4.23x0-54.66=4.08(男);(2)■=4.37x-56.79±4.45(女)。以及由体重推算足长的回归方程:(3)■=14.30+0.19±0.85(男);(4)■=14.76+0.17x±0.86(女)。     

牛卵泡生长发育与微量元素关系的研究

本文报告了牛卵泡液中Zn、Cu、Ca、Mg元素含量。对小卵泡液与大卵泡液中Zn、Cu、Ca、Mg元素含量作了比较。结果表明差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。提示卵泡的生长发育需要一个相对稳定的微量元素     

尿毒症患者巨细胞病毒感染及与输血关系的研究

应用间接酶联免疫吸附试验法检测５２例尿毒症患者血清中巨细胞病毒特异性ＩｇＭ，ＩｇＡ抗体。结果表明特异性ＩｇＭ，ＩｇＡ抗体阳性率分别为６９．６％和１３．８％，明显高出对照组人群，统计学处理Ｐ〈０．０１，差异非常显著。     

p53基因突变与食管癌生物学行为的关系

目的为了探讨ｐ５３基因突变与食管癌生物学行为及预后的关系。方法应用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ结合ＤＮＡ直接银染测序，对３０例散发性食管癌组织ｐ５３基因第５～８外显子进行检测。结果检出１１例阳性，突变检出率为３６．７％。９例为点突变，其中错义突变４例、无义突变２例、同义突变３例，其余２例为碱基插入和缺失导致的移码突变。统计学分析显示：中低分化食管癌的ｐ５３突变率为５６．３％，高分化组为１４．３％，两组相比有非常显著性差异（Ｐ＝０．０２５）；癌组织浸润累及食管壁全层的ｐ５３突变率５２．６％显著高于未累及全层组９．１％（Ｐ＝０．０２４）；有淋巴结转移组与无淋巴结转移组相比，ｐ５３突变率分别为６１．５％和１７．６％也具有非常显著性差异（Ｐ＝０．０２４）。结论ｐ５３基因突变与食管癌多种生物学行为如组织分化程度、肿瘤浸润程度及淋巴结转移有明显相关性。因此检测食管癌组织中是否存在ｐ５３基因突变有助于判断食管癌的恶性程度和患者的预后。还讨论了ｐ５３基因的“显性负效应”及同义突变的遗传学效应。     

大鼠下丘脑催产素及加压素样神经元与脑啡肽样传入纤维末梢的关系

用免疫组织化学ABC双标记法,显示大鼠下丘脑各大细胞神经分泌核团中催产素样免疫反应(OT-li)、加压素样免疫反应(VP-li)神经元、亮-脑啡肽样免疫反应(L-ENK-li)和甲-脑啡肽样免疫反应(M-ENK-li)纤维末梢,并对不同神经分泌核团内脑啡肽样传入纤维末梢与OT-li及VP-li神经元的关系加以分析。结果发现,L-ENK-li及M-ENK-li纤维末梢在下丘脑各神经分泌核团中,与OT-li及VP-li神经元均有一定程度的接触关系。L-ENK-li与M-ENK-li纤维末梢在第三脑室周、前连合核、背内侧和背外侧副核、穹窿前和后核的OT-li及VP-li神经元周围最密集,在视上核、室旁核次之,在血管周细胞群内的OT-li及VP-li神经元周围密度较低。这些神经分泌性核团内L-ENK-li纤维末梢,均较M-ENK-li纤维末梢密集。表明脑啡肽能传入纤维末梢,与视上核、室旁核及各神经分泌副核(除血管周细胞群外)中的OT-li及VP-li神经元,均有不同程度的接触关系。因此,脑啡肽能传入纤维末梢可能在大细胞神经分泌系统OT-li及VP-li神经元分泌活动的调节中,起较广泛的重要作用。