大肠癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-9的表达

目的：探讨大肠癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶－2（MMP－2）和基质金属蛋白酶－9（MMP－9）的表达与临床病理参数之间的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学S－P法检测87例大肠癌组织中MMP－2和MMP－9的表达情况。结果：87例大肠癌组织中MMP－2和MMP－9的表达阳性率分别为56．3％和55．2％。MMP－2和MMP－9在侵及肌层的阳性表达率明显低于侵及浆膜层，淋巴结转移阳性组高于淋巴结转移阴性组，差异均有显著性（P＜0．05）。Dukes分期中，C、D期中MMP－2和MMP－9的阳性表达率明显高于A、B期（P＜0．05），而与性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、组织学类型和分化程度均无关（P＞0．05）。结论：MMP－2和MMP－9可能在大肠癌浸润转移过程中发挥重要作用。     

基质金属蛋白酶MMP-7及其抑制因子TIMP-1在子宫内膜异位症中的表达及意义

目的 观察基质金属蛋白酶-7(matrix metalloproteinase-7,MMP-7)和基质金属蛋白酶抑制因子-1(tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-1,TIMP-1)在子宫内膜异位症(Endmetriosis,EMs)中的表达,探讨二者在EMs发病机制中的作用.方法 采用免疫组化链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接(SP)法检测35例EMs患者的在位内膜,异位内膜及20例时照组为因肌壁间或浆膜下子宫肌瘤在我科行子宫切除术,且月经周期正常的子宫内膜中MMP-7和TIMP-1表达情况,检测结果采用SPSS软件进行统计学分析.结果 MMP-7在EMs在位内膜中的阳性表达率为57.1%,异位内膜中的阳性表达率45.7%,与对照组子宫内膜组织的表达(阳性率为40.0%)相比无显著性差异(P＞0.05).研究组异位内膜中的表达强度明显高于对照组,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).TIMP-1在两组所有标本中均有阳性表达.TIMP-1在研究组异位内膜中的表达强度低于在位内膜,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).研究组在位内膜中的表达强度稍低于对照组,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 MMP-7在EMs的发生过程中起了重要作用.MMP-7在位内膜中表达增强,异位内膜TIMP-1表达减弱,是EMs患者在位内膜、异位内膜细胞具有侵袭能力的原因之一.     

基质金属蛋白酶-9及其组织抑制物-1在人胎盘的表达及意义

目的研究基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloproteinases,MMP-9)及其组织抑制物-1(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases,TIMP-1)在不同孕期胎盘中的表达及与滋养层细胞侵蚀、子宫-胎儿血管系统建立的关系.方法应用原位杂交法检测56例胎盘(早孕16 例、中孕20 例、晚孕20例)中MMP-9及TIMP-1mRNA的表达.结果 MMP-9及TIMP-1mRNA主要表达于滋养细胞、绒毛间质血管壁及蜕膜组织中;MMP-9mRNA的表达早、中孕组明显强于晚孕组,TIMP-1mRNA的表达晚孕组明显强于早、中孕组,差异均有极显著性(P<0.01).结论 MMP-9及TIMP-1协同表达可能在滋养层细胞侵蚀、孕卵着床、血管重建过程中发挥一定的作用.     

β-链接素和基质金属蛋白酶-7在结直肠腺瘤-腺癌组织表达的意义

目的　探讨 β 链接素 (β cat)和基质金属蛋白酶 7(MMP 7)表达与结直肠癌发生发展和浸润转移的关系。方法　制作结直肠腺瘤 腺癌组织芯片 ,免疫组织化学检测 β cat和MMP 7在结直肠腺瘤 腺癌组织的表达。结果　 (1) β cat胞核异常表达率在腺瘤癌变组织 (35 9% )显著高于腺瘤(16 7% )及腺癌组织 (19 7% ,P <0 0 5 )。 (2 )腺瘤伴重度异型增生者 β cat胞质、胞核异常表达率显著高于轻度者 (P <0 0 5 )。 (3)溃疡型、淋巴结转移阳性及C D期腺癌组 β cat胞核异常表达率均显著高于隆起型、淋巴结阴性及A B期组 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。 (4)MMP 7阳性表达率在腺癌组织(6 9 2 % )显著高于正常黏膜 (15 0 % )、腺瘤 (35 0 % )及癌变组织 (46 2 % ,P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。(5 )溃疡型、淋巴结转移阳性及C D期腺癌组MMP 7阳性表达率均显著高于隆起型、淋巴结阴性及A B期腺癌组 (P <0 0 5 )。 (6 ) β cat胞质、胞核异常表达与MMP 7阳性表达显著正相关 (P <0 0 1)。结论　β cat胞质及胞核异常表达与结直肠癌的发生密切相关 ,可能是结直肠癌发生的早期事件 ;同时 β cat还可能通过胞核易位增强其下游靶基因MMP 7的降解作用促进结直肠癌浸润转移。     

缺氧诱导因子-1α在结直肠腺癌中的表达及意义

目的　观察低氧培养条件下人结肠腺癌SW4 80细胞及人结直肠腺癌组织中缺氧诱导因子 1α(HIF 1α)mRNA、蛋白表达 ,探讨HIF 1α在结直肠腺癌中的表达及在肿瘤血管形成中的作用。方法　免疫组织化学链霉素抗生物素蛋白 过氧化物酶法 (SP法 )检测SW4 80细胞及结直肠腺瘤、腺癌组织中HIF 1α、血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)蛋白表达 ;采用CD34标记血管内皮细胞计数微血管密度 (MVD)。用蛋白印迹法检测SW4 80细胞HIF 1α蛋白表达 ;原位杂交检测HIF 1αmRNA。结果　RT PCR结果显示 :低氧组SW4 80细胞HIF 1αmRNA表达显著升高 ,为常氧组的 2 33倍。低氧 genistein组HIF 1αmRNA表达为常氧组的 5 0 7%。原位杂交结果表明 :HIF 1αmRNA表达低氧组 (0 16 2 8± 0 0 0 85 )显著高于常氧组 (0 12 0 1± 0 0 0 38)和低氧 genistein组 (0 115 4± 0 0 0 5 6 ,P <0 0 5 )。免疫细胞化学染色显示 ,低氧组细胞HIF 1α、VEGF蛋白表达水平显著高于常氧组 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 )和低氧 genistein组 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 )。蛋白印迹结果显示 :低氧组HIF 1α蛋白表达显著高于常氧组 ,为常氧组 3 5 4倍。低氧 genistein组HIF 1α蛋白约为常氧组的 5 8 9%。结直肠腺瘤和腺癌HIF 1αmRNA阳性表达率分别为 38 9% (7/     

Prognostic significance of matrix metalloproteinase-2, cathepsin D, and tenascin-C expression in colorectal carcinoma

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and cathepsin D (CD) play a significant role in degrading the components of basement membrane and extracellular matrix (ECM), whereas tenascin-C (TN-C) is a glycoprotein of the ECM related to cell adhesion and detachment. These proteins have been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the prognostic significance of MMP-2, CD, and TN-C expressions in primary colorectal cancer. Overall, 112 colorectal adenocarcinomas were included in the present study. MMP-2, CD, and TN-C expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathologic prognostic parameters and survival. Diffuse stromal TN-C immunostaining was found to be significantly correlated with advanced stage and shorter survival time (p = 0.002 and 0.02, respectively). MMP-2 expression was found to correlate with lymph vessel invasion (p = 0.006) and stage (p = 0.03). CD expression was related to depth of invasion (p = 0.005). No significant relationship was found between survival and MMP-2 and CD expression (p > 0.05). In multivariate analysis, stage and vascular invasion were independent prognostic factors, whereas TN-C did not retain a clear independent relationship to survival (p > 0.05). Our findings suggest that TN-C expression may be a potential prognostic marker in colorectal carcinoma. However, MMP-2 and CD do not appear to be significant indicators of survival.     

Expression and correlation of matrix metalloproteinase-7 and interleukin-15 in human osteoarthritis

Objectives: To investigate the expression and correlation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 and interleukin (IL)-15 in human osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: From October 2013 to December 2014, 30 patients with OA were enrolled. In addition, anther 30 patients with simple meniscus injury were collected as a control group. There were no significant differences in age and gender between the two groups. Articular cartilage tissue was obtained from both OA patients and control group patients. Protein, mRNA, and serum expression levels of MMP-7 and IL-15 in the both two groups were determined by immunohistochemical (IHC), in situ hybridization, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay, respectively. Additionally, correlation between MMP-7 and IL-15 expression level in cartilage tissue and serum was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Protein, mRNA, and serum expression levels of MMP-7 and IL-15 in patients with OA were all significantly increased in OA patients compared with the control group. Besides, there were strong positive relationships between articular MMP-7 level and serum MMP-7 level (R² = 0.573, P = 0.018), between articular IL-15 level and serum IL-15 level (R² = 0.861, P = 0.023), and between serum IL-15 level and serum MMP-7 level (R² = 0.602, P = 0.012). Conclusion: These results suggest that MMP-7 and IL-15 might play important roles in the pathogenesis of OA, and IL-15 and MMP-7 has positive correlation in OA.     

Clinical significance of expression of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Three different membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) activate in vitro the latent form of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), which is one of the key proteinases in invasion and metastasis of various cancers. We examined the mRNA expression of MT1, 2, and 3-MMPs and MMP-2 in cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and quantitated the relative expression levels in human HNSCC tissues by Northern blotting. The tissue localization of MT1-MMP and MMP-2 was determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Their implications in clinicopathologic factors were statistically evaluated. All cell lines examined consistently expressed MT1-MMP and MMP-2, but not MT2, 3-MMP. In the clinical specimens, there was a significant correlation in coexpression of messenger of RNA (P = .0005) and colocalization by immunohistochemistry (P < .0001) for MT1-MMP and MMP-2. Relative mRNA expression levels of MT1-MMP and MMP-2 in the carcinoma tissues were significantly higher than those of the control tissues (P = .0045 and P = .0122, respectively). Both mRNA expression level and immunopositivity of MT1-MMP significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = .0081 and P = .0193, respectively), which was confirmed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Immunoreaction of MT1-MMP and its mRNA expression were observed in both carcinoma cells and stromal cells. The localization of MMP-2 closely corresponded to that of MT1-MMP. These observations suggest that MT1-MMP possesses a role as a determinant of lymph node metastasis in HNSCC, and that concurrent expression of MT1-MMP and MMP-2 are involved in progression of HNSCC.     

Kiss-1及基质金属蛋白酶9在结肠癌组织中的表达及意义

目的检测Kiss-1及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)在结肠癌组织中的表达,探讨其临床意义。方法采用链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化酶连接(SP)法检测68例结肠癌,26例结肠腺瘤及26例正常结肠组织中Kiss-1及MMP-9的表达情况,分析其与各种临床病理参数的关系及两者表达的关联性。结果Kiss-1蛋白metastin在结肠癌组中的表达率(48.5%)明显低于结肠腺瘤组(80.8%)及正常结肠组(96.2%),并且其在结肠癌组中的表达率在不同的组织学分级、肌层浸润深度及淋巴结转移中差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。MMP-9在结肠癌组中的表达率(75%)明显高于结肠腺瘤组(38.5%)和正常结肠组(15.4%),其在结肠癌组中的表达率在不同的肌层浸润深度、淋巴转移中差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。Kiss-1蛋白metastin与MMP-9在结肠癌中的表达呈相反的趋势,有关联性(P<0.01)。结论Kiss-1蛋白metastin的表达下调和MMP-9的表达上调可能与结肠癌的浸润、转移有关。     

Coordinate regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells

The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) by human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) was monitored as a function of the phenotypic modulation in vitro. Cell phenotype was manipulated by varying serum concentration and cell density. Synthetic phenotype was characterized by a minimum expression of the contractile proteins and a maximal proliferation rate. Contractile phenotype was quiescent and expressed a maximal level of contractile proteins. Synthetic cells expressed the highest levels of both MMP-1 and TIMP-1 and displayed maximal collagenolytic activity. No significant change was detected in MMP-2 expression or catalytic activity. Enzyme immunoassays revealed that MMP-1 expression fell by 77+/-2.4-95+/-0.5%, and that of TIMP-1 by 34+/-0.5-59+/-1.9%, as the cells acquired a contractile phenotype. The level of the MMP-1/TIMP-1 complex was similarly reduced by 78+/-2.9-85+/-1.6%. These data demonstrate that the expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 are coordinately regulated with SMC phenotype.     

Kiss-1及基质金属蛋白酶9在结肠癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 检测Kiss-1及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)在结肠癌组织中的表达,探讨其临床意义.方法 采用链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化酶连接(SP)法检测68例结肠癌,26例结肠腺瘤及26例正常结肠组织中Kiss-1及MMP-9的表达情况,分析其与各种临床病理参数的关系及两者表达的关联性.结果 Kiss-1蛋白metastin在结肠癌组中的表达率(48.5%)明显低于结肠腺瘤组(80.8%)及正常结肠组(96.2%),并且其在结肠癌组中的表达率在不同的组织学分级、肌层浸润深度及淋巴结转移中差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).MMP-9在结肠癌组中的表达率(75%)明显高于结肠腺瘤组(38.5%)和正常结肠组(15.4%),其在结肠癌组中的表达率在不同的肌层浸润深度、淋巴转移中差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).Kiss-1蛋白metastin与MMP-9在结肠癌中的表达呈相反的趋势,有关联性(P＜0.01).结论 Kiss-1蛋白metastin的表达下调和MMP-9的表达上调可能与结肠癌的浸润、转移有关.     

基质金属蛋白酶-7在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达

目的：探讨MMP－7在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达情况。方法：采用免疫组化SP法对6例正常卵巢、12例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、6例交界性囊腺瘤及22例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌MMP－7的表达进行了研究。结果：正常卵巢不表达MMP－7。大部分卵巢浆液性肿瘤的胞浆及间质中都有MMP－7的阳性表达。MMP－7的卵巢良性，恶性及交界性浆液性肿瘤胞浆中的表达无明显差异；而在肿瘤间质中，恶性及交界性卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达远高于良性肿瘤（P＜0．05）。在交界性及恶性浆液性卵巢肿瘤中，部分肿瘤细胞的细胞核中也有MMP－7的表达，为国内外首次报道。结论：MMP－7可能在卵巢浆液性肿瘤的进展中发挥重要作用。     

肺纤维化大鼠中基质金属蛋白酶-2的表达

目的：研究基质金属蛋白酶－2（MMP2）在肺纤维化中的作用。方法：（1）用免疫组织化学方法（ABC法）观察博莱霉素所诱导的实验性大鼠纤维化肺组织内MMP2表达的动态变化;（2）用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）观察博莱霉素所诱导的肺纤维化不同时期间质成纤维细胞MMP2 mRNA的动态变化。（3）用Northern印迹杂交和免疫细胞化学方法观察转化生长因子β1（TGFβ1）对体外培养的大鼠肺成纤维细胞MMP2mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。结果：（1）诱导纤维化组1－7d,病灶内浸润的单核巨噬细胞及肺泡间质细胞数量增多,MMP2免疫组织化学染色阳性,14d以后,阳性单核巨噬细胞减少,用博莱霉素28d时,阳性间质细胞亦减少。（2）博莱霉素作用后1d,肺成纤维细胞MMP2基因转录即明显增强,为对照组的2．05倍,28d时下降。（3）TGFβ1作用后,大鼠肺成纤维细胞MMP2mRNA及其蛋白表达增强。结论：肺组织内MMP2的过度表达,可能是肺纤维化启动的重要原因。     

Immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in prostate adenocarcinoma

An immunohistochemical study on the cells proliferative activity by Ki-67 protein and localization of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 and the inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 was carried out at the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the adenocarcinoma (AC) of different Gleason’s grades. A significant decrease of the MMP-9 and TIMP-1 level in the AC of different gradations was observed. A moderate positive correlation between the Gleason score and cell proliferation Ki-67 index (rs = 0.674) and a moderate negative correlation with the level of such a score and expression of MMP-9 (rs = -0.660) was detected. A weak negative correlation exists also between the level of proliferative activity of secretory cells and the expression of MMP-9 by tumor cells (rs = -0.369). The invasive properties of AC cells that promote a degradation of the basal membrane and connective tissue in prostate may be explained by the imbalance between the MMP-9 and TIMP-1, which expression is significantly reduced in AC, in comparison with BPH.     

Co-localization of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and mast cell tryptase in the human uterus

The endometrium displays characteristic cyclical changes involving proliferation and differentiation. The differentiation that takes place requires major tissue remodelling involving the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family as key enzymes in this process. Mast cells, containing the tryptase and chymase enzymes that are capable of stimulating the MMP cascade, have been identified in the endometrium, but their role is still unclear. In this study, we observed that the majority of mast cells in the uterus reside in the myometrium and that they co-express mast cell tryptase and MMP-1 in the same intracellular granules. In endometrium exposed to synthetic progestogen via an intrauterine levonorgestrel system a significant increase in mast cells numbers was observed in women experiencing breakthrough bleeding compared to those in women with no reported bleeding. We conclude that mast cells contain MMP-1 and we postulate a potential role for mast cells in breakthrough bleeding.     

MMP-9在胃癌组织中的表达及对血管新生和肿瘤进展的影响

目的 :研究基质金属蛋白酶 9(MMP 9)在胃癌组织中的表达特点 ,探讨其对血管新生和肿瘤进展的影响。方法 :收集74例胃癌标本 ,采用连续切片免疫组织化学S P染色技术 ,观察MMP 9、CD34、α SMA、Ⅳ型胶原在胃癌组织中的表达 ,并结合临床病理参数进行综合分析。结果 :MMP 9的表达与癌组织的浸润深度、淋巴结转移密切相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ;MVD与癌组织的浸润深度、淋巴结转移关系密切 (P <0 0 5 ) ;MMP 9阳性组MVD值高于阴性组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;MMP 9阳性的周细胞数 (PN)与MVD值呈高度正相关关系 (r =0 90 5 5 ) ;Ⅳ型胶原与MMP 9染色无相关性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :MMP 9可促进血管新生并对肿瘤的浸润、转移具有正相关作用。     

Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in human colorectal cancer.

The activation of the insulinlike growth factor 1/IGF-1 receptor system (IGF1/IGF1-R) has recently emerged as critical event in transformation and tumorigenicity of several murine and human tumors. Expression of IGF1 and of IGF1-R has been demonstrated in normal and neoplastic intestinal cell lines of rats and humans. However, the modulation of IGF1-R expression during the progression from normal colonic mucosa to adenoma, to carcinoma, and to metastasis, has not been evaluated. In this retrospective study, we investigated the expression of IGF1-R in 12 colonic adenomas (AD), 36 primary colorectal adenocarcinomas (CA), and in 27 corresponding metastases (MT). Normal colonic mucosa (N) was adjacent to the CA in 34 cases. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of each case were immunostained using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. We used an anti-IGF1-R rabbit polyclonal antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA; dilution 1:100). Positive staining was quantitated by CAS-200. Moderate to strong cytoplasmic immunostaining was observed in 34 of 36 CA (96%), and in 25 of 27 MT (93%). In all of the positive MTs, the intensity of the staining was always strong. In 10 of 12 ADs (83%), only a faint cytoplasmic stain was identified. Normal mucosa when present was negative. Strong IGF1-R positivity correlated with higher grade and higher-stage tumors (P < .01). These data suggest a role of IGF1-R expression during the progression of colorectal adenoma to carcinoma. An increased number of IGF1-R receptors may favor the metastasis of colorectal cancer.     

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in premenopausal and postmenopausal endometrial polyps

OBJECTIVES: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) are influenced by relative levels of estrogen and are involved in promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The present study investigated expression of COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in endometrial polyps from premenopausal and postmenopausal women. METHODS: Premenopausal (n=18) and postmenopausal (n=22) endometrial polyps were included in the study. None of the women were using non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, hormone replacement therapy or any other estrogen containing pills. Immunohistochemical analysis for MMP-2, MMP-9 and COX-2 were performed on formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. The cut-off value for positiviy was set to 10% and staining more than 50% was regarded as intense staining. Staining of 10-25% and 25-50% were recorded as mild and moderate, respectively. RESULTS: COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were stained in epithelial cells and stroma of premenopausal and postmenopausal endometrial polyps. Stromal expression of COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were found significantly higher in premenopausal polyps compared to postmenopausal polyps (p<0.05). There were no other significant differences in the immunohistochemical expressions in the epithelium of premenopausal and postmenopausal endometrial polyps except MMP-9. CONCLUSION: Polyps from both premenopausal and postmenopausal women express epithelial and stromal COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9, however immunohistochemical expression of these markers may be different due to menopausal status. This may suggest a shared pathogenesis for pre- and postmenopausal endometrial polyps.     

Correlation between expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and angiogenesis in colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which degrade extracellular matrix, are believed to play a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis. Angiogenesis is also perceived as an important step in tumor growth and metastasis. To investigate the expression of MMPs and the correlation between the expression of MMPs and angiogenesis in colorectal adenocarcinoma, we studied 72 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma in Inha University Hospital from 1996 to 1997. We evaluated the expression of MMPs by immunohistochemistry and angiogenesis by counting the microvessels. The expression of MMP-2 was increased according to the Astler-Coller stage (p< 0.05). Angiogenesis in the metastatic group was higher than that of the localized one (p<0.05). The expression of MMP-2 positively correlated with angiogenesis (p<0.05), and marked expression of MMP-9 positively correlated with angiogenesis (p<0.05). The present results suggest that the expression of MMP-2 provides clues for tumor progression and angiogenesis provides significant information to predict whether metastasis is present in colorectal adenocarcinoma.