小剂量米非司酮紧急避孕150例临床观察

在妇科门诊中，经常遇到需紧急避孕的就诊者，由于多种因素影响，各地用于紧急避孕的方法可能有所不同，本文介绍了作者所在的一家市级医院门诊采用小剂量米非司酮（25mg，一次性口服）紧急避孕150例的临床效果，有效率80．89％。     

米非司酮用于紧急避孕98例临床分析

在妇科门诊经常遇到需紧急避孕的妇女．各地采取的措施不尽相同。我院用小剂量的米非司酮对98例门诊就诊施行了紧急避孕．取得较好的效果。现报告如下。     

米非司酮用于紧急避孕100例临床分析

目的:本文通过对100例米非司酮用于紧急避孕的分析,对无避孕或避孕方法失败采用的补救措施。方法:对我门诊2004年1月-2007年1月用于米非司酮紧急避孕100例进行统计分析。结果:发现米非司酮可能是一种高效安全的时候避孕药。结论:小计量米非司酮25mg可作为安全简便高效的紧急避孕方法。     

561名女性紧急避孕的现状调查

目的调查2009年1月至2009年12月来我区卫生服务中心计划生育门诊及妇科普查的17～50岁女性对紧急避孕知识的知晓率、获得率及使用率。方法以保密问卷或谈话交流方式进行调查。结果在561名有效被调查者中,对紧急避孕知识知晓率听说过者占63%、了解者占11%、熟悉者占10%、不了解者占16%。结论卫生服务中心应加强紧急避孕知识的普及宣教,针对目标人群中的关键期积极宣传紧急避孕知识,提高紧急避孕方法的知晓率、获得率及使用率。     

紧急避孕药避孕失败影响因素Logistic回归分析

目的：分析紧急避孕药避孕失败的影响因素，降低非意愿妊娠的发生率。方法：调查广东省妇幼保健医院门诊2007年7～12月自愿要求应用左炔诺孕酮类药物紧急避孕的健康育龄妇女246例，资料输入SPSS10．0统计软件进行二分类Logistic回归分析。结果：紧急避孕药避孕失败受多因素影响，其中未按时服药和性交次数（本周期有多次无保护性交）对于紧急避孕药避孕失败统计学上具有显著意义。结论：建议紧急避孕药物购买者正确用药，减少非意妊娠的发生。     

小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床观察

紧急避孕 (emergencycontraception ,EC)是指无保护性交或避孕失败后为避免妊娠而临时采取的紧急补救方法。近10年来 ,随着紧急避孕研究的迅速发展 ,孕激素受体拮抗剂米非司酮倍受关注。Glasier和Webb等曾先后报道米非司酮6 0 0mg用于紧急避孕 ,效果明显 ,但副反应发生率极高[1,2 ] 。因此 ,探讨小剂量米非司酮用于紧急避孕时的避孕效果及可接受性成为本次研究的目的。1　资料与方法1.1.　观察对象　收集我院门诊 2 0 0 0年 2月— 2 0 0 2年 12月无保护性交或避孕失败后 72h内要求采用补救措施 ,以防止意外妊娠的健康女性 ,总计 12 8例。…     

米非司酮用于性交后晚期紧急避孕临床观察

紧急避孕是指那些在无防护性交后或者避孕失败后几小时或几日内 ,妇女为防止非意愿性妊娠的发生而采用的避孕方法[1] 。紧急避孕在防止意外妊娠 ,降低人工流产方面起到了重要作用。近几年来 ,米非司酮用于性交后早期 (72小时内 )紧急避孕的文章报道多见。但用于性交后晚期 (72～ 12 0小时 )的紧急避孕报道较少 ,作者用米非司酮 2 0 0mg顿服 ,用于性交后晚期避孕效果较好 ,现报告如下。1　对象与方法1 1　对象 :2 0 0 0年 6月～ 2 0 0 2年 10月来本院优孕优生门诊要求紧急避孕的对象。选择了身体健康 ,月经周期基本正常 (2 6～ 40天 ) ,性交…     

米非司酮用于紧急避孕128例的效果观察

紧急避孕指在无避孕或觉察到避孕措施失误的情况下 ,于几小时或几天内立即采用的防止意外妊娠的短效补救措施。它与常规避孕方法不同 ,紧急避孕是在性生活后使用 ,可以防止意外妊娠 ,降低人工流产率 ,保护妇女身心健康。现对 12 8例应用米非司酮紧急避孕的效果分析如下。1　资料方法1.1　一般资料　选择 1997年 1月至 1998年 12月来我院妇产科门诊要求紧急避孕的健康妇女。选择标准 :1性生活后5天内自愿要求紧急避孕 ;2本月经周期中仅就诊前的 1次性生活未采取避孕措施或措施失败 ;3近 3个月内月经规律 ,能预算下次排卵期 ;4同意服药后坚持…     

母体乐375SL紧急避孕临床观察

紧急避孕是指妇女在未采取避孕防护措施或避孕失败的性生活后 ,采取有效的避孕补救措施 ,近年已引起国内外研究者的关注。目前紧急避孕多采用甾体避孕药 ,此方法仅一次有效 ,且有一定禁忌证。近年研究已证实 ,母体乐3 75ＳＬ(ＩＵＤ)用于紧急避孕可明显阻止孕卵着床 ,且一次放置可长效节育。本文旨在探讨宫内节育器用于紧急避孕的效果和可接受性 ,报告如下。资料和方法1.对象来源 :从 1997年 4月～ 1998年 1月来我院计划生育门诊要求紧急避孕的患者中筛选出 98例。年龄 2 0～4 2岁 ,孕次 0～ 8次 ,产次 0～ 2次 ,月经周期 3 0 .0 4± 3 .13…     

服用紧急避孕药物失败原因的分析

目的：分析人工流产妇女紧急避孕失败的相关因素。方法：采用横断面研究，对301名曾服用紧急避孕药左炔诺孕削在计划生育门诊要求终止妊娠的妇女进行问卷调查。结果：32例属于方法失败，占10．6％；269例属于药物使用失败，占89．4％，为紧急避孕失败的主要原因。9例服药后引起异位妊娠。结论：调查的人群大多数高学历、高职位，但足避孕率低，错误服药率高，说明紧急避孕知识匮乏、避孕意识淡漠。药物来源以药店为主，但大部分避孕妇女没有得到正确的使用方法和必要的咨询，从而增加了紧急避孕法的失败率。     

Emergency contraception for sexual assault victims in North Carolina emergency departments

INTRODUCTION: One in 5 women is a victim of sexual assault. This study examines the administration of emergency contraception to victims of sexual assault in North Carolina hospital emergency departments. METHODS: One hundred seventeen surveys were mailed to hospital emergency departments across the state to determine their emergency contraception practices for victims ofsexual assault. The survey contained 11 questions about emergency contraception practices for victims. RESULTS: Of the 117 surveys, 103 were returned revealing that just over 50% of the hospitals in North Carolina treated victims with emergency contraception without exception. Both dispensing emergency contraception and providing information about emergency contraception were significantly associated with having a sexual assault nurse examiner program. CONCLUSION: Results from this study demonstrate inconsistent provision of emergency contraception to victims of sexual assault; however, there is greater consistency of emergency contraception use by emergency departments using sexual assault nurse examiners.     

Parivar Seva's experience with emergency contraceptive pills

Parivar Seva, an NGO working in the area of reproductive health carried out an operation research project as a feasibility study on emergency contraception recently. The study was conducted among 1120 clients coming after unprotected sexual intercourse or improper use of any contraceptive method by using emergency contraception pills coming within 3 days and IUCD coming between 3 and 5 days of unprotected sexual intercourse. It was found that failure of emergency contraception was as low as 0.6%. The success rate in term of preventing pregnancy was 99.4% both with combined oral contraception pills and laevonorgesterol. There lies the scope for introducing emergency contraception in India wide and it can occupy a unique position in a range of contraceptive choices currently available to Indian women, as it can prevent unwanted pregnancies. A coalition of 30 like minded organisations including the Parivar Seva had formed a subcommittee on emergency contraception to evolve strategies to address promotion of emergency contraception.     

米非司酮合并氨甲蝶呤用于紧急避孕初步观察

目的 对小剂量米非司酮（２５ｍｇ）合并小剂量氨甲蝶呤（５ｍｇ）用于紧急避孕进行初步的临床观察。方法 １７名受试者在无防护性交或避孕失败后采用本方案紧急避孕。结果 无论是性交后７２ｈ之内还是性交后超过７２ｈ服药,无一例妊娠,且无明显副反应发生,使小剂量米非司酮紧急避孕的效果得到了提高并且拓宽了其使用时限。结论 该法有可能成为一种安全高效,不受性交时间、次数制约的新型紧急避孕方法。     

Use of Emergency Contraception could Halve Induced Abortion Rate in Shanghai, China

Objective To investigate and estimate the proportion of the induced abortion that could have been prevented by using emergency contraception in Shanghai.Method Structured interviews were conducted in 606 women (413 married and 193 unmarried) aged 18-49 years, who were attending three health care centers in Shanghai for termination of first trimester pregnancy.Results A total of 98.2% of the pregnancies were unwanted, and 63.7% of the women.recognized that they were at risk of pregnancy soon after the intercourse. It is estimated that 52.2% of the induced abortion could have been prevented if the women had used levonorgestrel-only emergency contrdcception. Only 28.5% of the respondents were aware of emergency contraception. The most important sources of information about emergency contraception identified by respondents were books/newspapers/periodicals (38.2%), and relatives/friends (30.6%). Family planning health education on emergency contraception was noted by 28.9% of married women but only by 5.8% of unmarried women. A portion of 85.5% of all respondents reported they would be willing to use emergency contraception when needed. Those more willing to use emergency contraception included younger, better educated, and unmarried women experiencing their first pregnancy. Women preferred drugstores (60.1%) than hospitals (30.29%)for obtaining emergency contraception.Conclusion Women‘s needs for emergency contraception were enormous. Promotion of emergency contraception by providing information and improving service could have a substantial impact on reducing the rate of induced abortion in Shanghai.     

Contraceptive use in young women: Uptake,availability and education

Despite increased availability of contraception and a relaxation of prescribing laws unplanned pregnancies will still occur. However when the right to life of the unborn child is enshrined in the constitution it is vital to provide adequate sex education and ensure the availability of all methods of contraception to reduce unplanned pregnancies to a minimum. This paper surveys the use of contraception prior to pregnancy in a group of unmarried mothers who delivered at a Dublin maternity hospital. It also surveys the availability of contraception from the pharmacies within the hospital’s catchment area and the provision of sex education in the surrounding schools.     

Introduction of emergency contraception in India

Emergency contraception is a safe and effective method for preventing unwanted pregnancy following unprotected sexual exposure. The method had not been included in the National Family Programme of India. A Consortium on National Consensus for Emergency Contraception met in New Delhi in January 2001, to reach a consensus on strategies for introduction of emergency contraception in India. During the consortium experts from different walks of life deliberated on issues related to emergency contraception introduction and formulated national consensus statements and guidelines. This paper describes highlights of consortium activity which has led to introduction of emergency contraception in India.     

2010年重庆大学生对生殖健康、避孕教育及服务需求的调查

目的了解大学生对生殖健康与避孕教育及服务需求,为高校开展教育与服务提供参考。方法采用自行设计的调查表,对重庆市2所高校的2 997名在校本科生进行问卷调查。结果共收回2 767份有效问卷,生殖健康与避孕知识主要来源于电视/报纸/杂志、同学/朋友、网络,分别为55.83%、41.50%和30.00%,而大学生愿意接受生殖健康与避孕知识途径排在首位者为专家讲座,其次是电视/报纸/杂志、知识手册和网络,分别为50.83%、41.50%、40.17%和36.00%。大学生对生殖健康教育的需求排在前3位的是性心理、性生理和避孕知识,对避孕知识的教育认为非常有必要,增强自我保护和卫生意识。结论对大学生进行生殖健康与避孕知识教育非常必要,希望有关部门以专题讲座或课程教育的形式进行教育,并提供避孕知识服务和咨询。     

The profile of women who seek emergency contraception from the family planning service

OBJECTIVES. To review the profile of emergency contraceptive users, their reasons for using emergency contraception, and whether they use it correctly. DESIGN. Retrospective analysis of medical records. SETTING. Six Birth Control Clinics and three Youth Health Care Centres of the Family Planning Association of Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS. Women requesting emergency contraception between 2006 and 2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Demographics of emergency contraception users, reasons for requesting emergency contraception, number of times the subject had unprotected intercourse before emergency contraception use, type of emergency contraception provided, coitus-treatment intervals, and outcomes. RESULTS. A total of 11 014 courses of emergency contraception were provided, which included 10 845 courses of levonorgestrel-only pills, 168 intrauterine contraceptive devices, and one course of pills plus an intrauterine contraceptive device. The mean age of the users was 30 years. Two thirds (65.6%) were nulliparous and 64.9% had not had a previous abortion. Their major reasons for requesting emergency contraception were: omission of contraceptive at the index intercourse (38.9%), condom accidents (38.0%), and non-use of any regular contraceptives (20.6%). Non-users of contraceptives were more likely to have had a previous abortion. In all, 97.9% of women took emergency contraception within 72 hours of their unprotected intercourse; 98% had had a single act of unprotected intercourse. None of the intrauterine contraceptive device users became pregnant. The failure rate for emergency contraceptive pills was 1.8%. CONCLUSIONS. Women requested emergency contraception because contraceptives were omitted or condom accidents. Health care providers should focus on motivating women with a history of abortion to use contraceptives, and ensure that condom users know how to use them correctly. Most women followed instructions on the use for emergency contraception and their outcomes were satisfactory.     

我国产后避孕现状和面临的问题及应对策略

产后避孕指产妇在胎盘娩出后的特定时间内为防止意外妊娠而采取的重要举措，是我国妇幼保健和计划生育服务的薄弱环节。产后避孕知识匮乏及相关医疗服务缺失是导致产后避孕失败的主要原因，并严重威胁母婴健康。本文主要分析了我国产后避孕现状、面临的问题及应对策略，并建议充分发挥计划生育服务系统指导职能、加强各级医疗机构优质服务能力，进而提升产后女性有效避孕率，避免非意愿妊娠，减少人工流产及过短间隔生育，最终促进广大女性生殖健康。     

农村育龄妇女生殖健康知识教育干预效果评价

目的评价对农村育龄妇女进行生殖与避孕知识强化教育的效果。方法用随机整群抽样法，对实施强化教育前后的目标人群即A组、C组人群的生殖与避孕相关知识进行问卷调查。结果调查显示，通过强化生殖与避孕教育，目标人群在生殖与避孕知识、避孕方法的掌握与运用、避孕方法的知情选择、对人工流产危害的认识、生殖健康意识等方面明显得到了加强和改善。结论以大学性教育中有关生殖健康知识的内容，按照目标人群的理解程度（小学文化）为基准，采用“畅谈会”、“同伴教育”、避孕方法的具体指导等综合教育与服务形式是改善和加强农村育龄妇女生殖与避孕知识的有效方法。