转移性前列腺癌生存预后分析

目的 回顾性分析转移性前列腺癌患者相关临床病理资料,寻找生存预后的预测因素,以指导临床实践.方法 自1998年3月至2009年6月收治前列腺癌患者940例,筛选出接受内分泌治疗并且具有完整临床病理资料的前列腺癌患者364例.对此364例患者进行随访并对生存预后进行分析,寻找生存预后的预测因子.采用SPSS 15.0统计软件,生存函数分析运用Kaplan-Meier 法,单因素和多因素分析运用Cox回归,并采用Log-rank法进行显著性检验.结果 末次随访时间为2009年6月30日,中位随访时间24(3～135)个月.末次随访时240例生存,109例死亡,15例失访.转移性前列腺癌的中位生存时间为64(3～135)个月,1、2、3、4、5年生存率分别为92%、78%、66%、60%、54%.单因素分析显示,Gleason评分、临床分期(M分期)、内分泌治疗有效性、内分泌治疗过程中血清前列腺特异抗原(PSA)最低值、达到PSA最低值时间为转移性前列腺癌生存时间的预后因素(均P＜0.05).多因素分析显示:内分泌治疗过程中PSA最低值和达到PSA最低值时间为转移性前列腺癌生存时间的独立预后因素(均P＜0.01).结论 内分泌治疗过程中PSA最低值和达到PSA最低值时间为转移性前列腺癌生存时间的独立预后因素.     

雄激素非依赖性晚期转移性前列腺癌生存预后分析

目的 分析雄激素非依赖性晚期转移性前列腺癌的预后相关因素.方法 1996年12月至2008年3月250例晚期转移性前列腺癌患者在内分泌治疗期间进展为雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌,对其进行随访,末次随访时间为2008年3月31日,中位随访时间为24个月(3～135个月).末次随访时131例生存,105例死亡,14例失访.利用统计学软件进行生存预后分析.结果 中位生存时间为30个月.1年牛存率79%,2年生存率59%,3年生存率41%.单因素分析及多因素分析显示:内分泌治疗过程中PSA最低值、达到PSA最低值时间、进展为雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌时PSA速率、内分泌治疗有效时间为独立预后冈素.结论 内分泌治疗过程中PSA最低值、达到PSA最低值时间、进展为雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌时的PSA速率和内分泌治疗有效时间为雄激素非依赖性晚期转移性前列腺癌生存时间的独立预后因素.     

抗雄激素药物撤退治疗雄激素非依赖性晚期转移性前列腺癌的疗效分析与预测

目的 寻找预测抗雄激素药物撤退治疗雄激素非依赖性晚期转移性前列腺癌有效性的相关因素.方法 晚期转移性前列腺癌患者347例,均接受最大程度雄激素阻断治疗.其中失效进展为雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌(AIPC)237例,接受抗雄激素药物撤退治疗90例.对90例患者进行随访,末次随访时间2009年9月30日.将内分泌治疗前基线血清PSA、Gleason评分(GS)、临床分期、去势方案、抗雄激素药物方案、内分泌治疗过程中血清PSA最低值、达到PSA最低值时间、进展为AIPC时PSA速率(PSAV)、进展为AIPC时PSA倍增时间(PSADT)、内分泌治疗有效时间、进展为AIPC时年龄、抗雄激素药物撤退治疗前PSA作为预测抗雄激素药物撤退治疗是否有效的预测因素,行Logistic单因素及多因素回归分析.结果 90例患者中具有完整随访资料87例,其中有效17例(19.5%),无效70例(80.5%).至末次随访时,失效14例,仍有效3例.抗雄激素药物撤退治疗中位有效时间4个月.单因素分析结果显示,进展为AIPC时PSAV(P=0.033)、进展为AIPC时PSADT(P=0.009)和抗雄激素药物撤退治疗前PSA(P=0.002)为抗雄激素药物撤退治疗有效性的预测因素.多因素分析结果显示:进展为AIPC时PSAV(P=0.042)和PSADT(P=0.036)为抗雄激素药物撤退治疗有效性的独立预测因素.结论 进展为AIPC时PSAV和PSADT为预测抗雄激素药物撤退治疗有效性的独立预测因素.     

125Ⅰ粒子植入联合全雄激素阻断治疗初诊寡转移性前列腺癌的疗效分析

目的:探讨~(125)I粒子前列腺组织间植入近距离放射治疗(BT)联合全雄激素阻断(CAB)临床用于治疗初诊寡转移性前列腺癌患者的有效性。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月～2016年1月收治的77例寡转移性前列腺癌患者的治疗及随访资料。其中BT+CAB治疗组40例,单纯CAB治疗组37例。两组患者中位随访时间均为49个月。随访期间每月监测血清PSA及睾酮水平,记录PSA最低值及到达最低值的时间。每6个月行盆腔MR及ECT全身骨扫描检查,记录疾病出现进展的时间。Kaplan-Meier法分别绘制两组患者的疾病无进展生存曲线和总生存曲线,并进行生存比较。对可能影响BT+CAB治疗组患者疾病进展的临床病理指标进一步行多因素分析。结果:BT+CAB治疗组和CAB治疗组患者的PSA最低值分别为(0.31±0.43)ng/ml和(0.57±0.72)ng/ml,两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。BT+CAB治疗组患者PSA达到最低值的时间明显要长于CAB治疗组[(7.38±1.60)个月vs.(6.73±1.15)个月,P0.05]。两组患者的5年总生存率分别为71.63%和58.11%,但Log-rank检验显示两组总体生存曲线比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。BT+CAB治疗组患者的无进展生存状况明显优于CAB治疗组(P0.05),两组的中位无进展生存期分别为41个月和33个月,3年无进展生存率分别为58.04%和35.51%。Cox多因素分析显示Gleason评分和PSA最低值是BT+CAB治疗组患者发生疾病进展的独立预测因子。结论:与单纯CAB治疗相比,BT+CAB治疗可以明显延缓初诊寡转移性前列腺癌患者的疾病进展,并取得一定的生存获益,这种联合治疗方法是安全有效的。Gleason评分(≥8分)和PSA最低值(≥0.4ng/ml)是寡转移性前列腺癌患者接受BT+CAB联合治疗后疾病进展的独立风险因素。     

转移性前列腺癌早期去势抵抗的预测因素分析

目的探讨转移性前列腺癌全雄阻断后去势抵抗(CRPC)进展的预测因素及其早期发生的影响因素。方法回顾性分析102例全雄阻断治疗的前列腺癌骨转移患者的临床资料。采用Log rank检验和Cox回归分析治疗后发生CRPC的预测因素。采用非参数检验、χ2检验、Logistic回归分析早期发生CRPC(1年内)的影响因素。结果入组患者平均随访时间为21.4±13.3个月,中位CRPC发生时间为25.5月。Gleason评分(HR:2.100;95%CI:1.236~3.567;P=0.006 1)、全雄阻断治疗后PSA最低值(HR:5.287,95%CI:2.816~9.924;P0.0001)、到达PSA最低值时间(HR:0.275;95%CI:0.137~0.554;P=0.008 7)是发生CRPC的独立预测因子。其中到达最低值时间(OR:0.672;95%CI:0.497~0.908)是早期发生CRPC的独立影响因素。结论Gleason评分≥9分、治疗后PSA最低值≥0.2ng/mL、到达最低值时间9月的患者对单纯全雄阻断治疗反应不佳,特别是治疗后到达PSA最低值时间短的患者,早期CRPC发生可能大。     

前列腺癌内分泌治疗的生存随访

目的:探讨前列腺癌内分泌治疗后患者长期生存情况及相关预后因素。方法:随访124例前列腺癌内分泌治疗后的生存情况,用Kaplan-Meiers生存分析比较不同分型患者的生存时间情况。结果:全组前列腺癌有效随访者平均生存时间为5.912年,中位生存时间为7.81年。按前列腺癌诊断时的特征情况分组分析后仅发现临床未有骨转移者的生存时间相比有骨转移的患者较长(P=0.04)。而不同病理分型和前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)水平对内分泌治疗的预后无显著影响。对58例已死亡的患者分析显示,前列腺癌相关死亡的35例患者生存时间于其他死因患者的生存时间相比并无显著差异(P=0.499)。结论:前列腺癌有无骨转移可能是影响晚期前列腺癌预后的重要因素,其比病理分级情况对生存时间的影响更为显著。     

前列腺特异性抗原水平变化对接受联合疗法的去势敏感性前列腺癌患者预后的影响

目的探讨醋酸阿比特龙+泼尼松联合雄激素剥夺疗法(AAP+ADT)治疗转移性去势敏感性前列腺癌(mCSPC)过程中,前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)值的变化对患者总生存期(OS)的影响。方法回顾性收集徐州医科大学附属医院2014年5月至2018年5月218例mCSPC患者的资料,根据治疗方案的不同将其分为AAP+ADT组和ADT组。比较不同治疗方式组间及AAP+ADT组不同PSA下降幅度亚组间患者的基线特征,进行PSA进展期和总生存期(OS)结局事件的相关性分析,KaplanMeier及Log-rank检验组间患者的生存状态,单因素及多因素Cox回归分析筛选独立影响因素。结果本次研究共纳入218例mCSPC患者,其中AAP+ADT治疗组112例,ADT治疗组106例。相关性分析结果表明AAP+ADT治疗组患者的进展期和OS呈较强的正相关(r=0.803,P0.001)。AAP+ADT治疗是患者PSA进展期的独立影响因素(HR=0.405,95%CI:0.296～0.553,P0.001)且PSA值降低幅度越大,接受AAP+ADT方案治疗的患者预后更佳(PSA50～90组:HR=0.444,95%CI:0.176～0.608;PSA90组:HR=0.178.95%CI:0.083～0.379,P均0.001)。结论 AAP+ADT治疗过程中PSA值的变化可作为mCSPC患者预后的独立预测因素,与患者的进展期和OS有较强的关联。     

前列腺癌的流行病学特征及晚期一线内分泌治疗分析

目的 分析北京、上海、广州的三个中心前列腺癌的流行病学特征,初步反映中国发达地区的前列腺癌现状.对晚期前列腺癌患者内分泌治疗相关资料进行分析,寻找内分泌治疗效果以及生存预后的预测因子.方法 收集三个中心525例前列腺癌患者的临资料,进行流行病学分析.并对其中272例资料完整的晚期前列腺癌患者的内分泌治疗效果以及生存预后进行分析.结果 68.0%的患者确诊时已属于晚期,80.2%的患者以内分泌治疗为主要治疗手段.Gleason分值、有无骨转移和血清前列腺特异性抗原最低点是晚期前列腺癌疾病进展的独立预后因子.结论 绝大多数患者在确诊时已经为疾病晚期,内分泌治疗是主要治疗方法.Gleason分值、有无骨转移和PSA最低点是晚期前列腺癌疾病进展的独立预后因子.     

局限性前列腺癌近距离照射治疗的有效性研究

目的 研究近距离照射治疗局限性前列腺癌的效果及其影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2001年4月至2011年3月于北京大学第一医院泌尿外科接受近距离照射治疗的61例局限性前列腺癌患者资料,其中联合外放疗11例.患者年龄57～84岁,平均75.2岁.肿瘤临床分期:T1c 12例,T2a 18例,T2b 17例,T2c 14例.Gleason评分平均7分(范围5～9分).随访术后前列腺特异抗原(PSA)变化及不良反应发生情况,绘制Kaplan-Meier生化无复发生存曲线,并以单因素Cox回归分析和Log-rank检验分析治疗效果的影响因素.结果 61例患者获得随访,随访时间9～126个月,中位随访时间49个月.术前PSA平均为(17.80±14.44) μg/L,术后PSA最低值平均为(1.16±1.15) μg/L.58例(95.1％)患者最低PSA＜4.0μg/L,37例(60.7％)患者最低PSA＜1.0μg/L,达最低PSA时间平均为术后11.6个月,术后短期不良反应少见(发热、血尿、便血等),长期不良反应主要为尿路刺激症状.近距离照射治疗后平均生化无复发生存时间的估计值为41.0个月.接受联合外放疗的11例患者治疗后PSA最低值平均为1.32 μg/L,平均生化无复发生存时间为38个月.PSA所达最低值是否＜1.0μg/L对生化无复发生存时间有显著影响(x2=4.445,P=0.035).结论 近距离照射治疗对局限性前列腺癌疗效肯定,严重不良反应少见;治疗后PSA最低值是否＜1.0μg/L有助于判断预后.     

局限高危前列腺癌患者接受全雄激素阻断联合近距离治疗后的PSA变化模式与其生存预后的临床关联分析

目的:探讨前列腺癌(PCa)患者治疗后PSA变化模式对其生存预后的临床影响。方法:回顾性总结近12年来114例接受全雄激素阻断(MAB)联合近距离治疗的PCa患者的临床资料,从PSA变化规律入手,初步分析患者生存预后的影响因素。结果:患者中位生存时间81(15~144)个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为91.23%、78.07%和68.42%。单因素分析显示:基线PSA水平、PSA最低值、PSA下降时间、PSA倍增时间以及PSA缓解幅度均是可能影响生存预后的临床因素。多因素分析显示:PSA最低值、PSA下降时间以及PSA缓解幅度是独立的预后因素,并分别提高了患者远期生存可能1.7、3.3和6.8倍。结论:局限高危PCa患者在接受MAB联合近距离治疗后,其PSA能否降至1μg/L以下、能否在3个月之内降至最低值,以及PSA最大缓解幅度能否达到96%等因素均是影响患者预后的独立风险因素。     

Prognostic significance of the nadir prostate specific antigen level after hormone therapy for prostate cancer

PURPOSE: We determine whether the nadir prostate specific antigen (PSA) level after hormone therapy can be used to predict the progression to hormone refractory prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the progressive status and survival of 177 patients with stage C or D prostate cancer who had received hormone therapy at our institution. The overall survival rate, incidence of progression to hormone refractory prostate cancer and interval until progression were analyzed with reference to the nadir PSA level. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the predictive factors for progression to hormone refractory prostate cancer, and the relative efficacy of the nadir PSA level in predicting progression was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics analysis. RESULTS: Median followup was 39 months (range 3 to 89) and 85.4% of patients (151) responded to treatment, of whom 77.5% (117) had progression to hormone refractory prostate cancer. Median time until nadir PSA levels were reached after hormone therapy was 8.1 months and median time until hormone refractory prostate cancer was 24.0 months. Nadir PSA levels were less than 0.2 ng./ml. in 31% of respondents, 0.2 to 1.0 ng./ml. in 23%, 1.1 to 10 ng./ml. in 42% and greater than 10 ng./ml. in 5%. These groups had similar clinicopathological characteristics. Nadir PSA levels correlated significantly with pretreatment PSA levels, Gleason scores and progression to hormone refractory prostate cancer (p = 0.01, p <0.01 and p <0.001, respectively), and inversely correlated with the interval to the establishment of hormone refractory prostate cancer (r = -0.465, p <0.05). By univariate analysis bone metastasis, nadir PSA, PSA at 6 months after treatment and pretreatment PSA were significantly associated with progression to hormone refractory prostate cancer. Only the nadir PSA was calculated to be an independent factor by multivariate analysis. Receiver operating characteristics analysis indicated that nadir PSA predicted progression to hormone refractory prostate cancer after 2 years with an accuracy of 86.2%. With the lower limit of the nadir PSA level set to 1.1 ng./ml., sensitivity was 80.3% and specificity was 83.8%, and these levels were deemed the most appropriate. Furthermore, nadir PSA after hormone therapy was an independent prognosticator for survival, as were initial levels of hemoglobin and alkaline phosphatase. CONCLUSIONS: The nadir PSA level after hormone therapy may be the most accurate factor predicting the progression to hormone refractory prostate cancer and is an independent prognostic factor for survival. Furthermore, a lower limit for the nadir PSA level of 1.1 ng./ml. gives optimal sensitivity and specificity.     

Predictors of androgen independence in metastatic prostate cancer

OBJECTIVE: To assess the factors that influence the onset of androgen independence (AI, which heralds a dismal outcome) in patients with metastatic prostate carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The records of 361 consecutive patients with prostate carcinoma diagnosed and treated in the authors' institution from 1 January 1996 to 31 December 1999 were reviewed retrospectively; 92 with metastatic prostate carcinoma were assessed (median age 71.0 years, range 42-93). Patients were included if they developed metastatic disease from prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis. The nadir for prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was defined as the date of the lowest PSA level after hormonal therapy, and AI was defined as the date of the third consecutive PSA increase above the nadir value by any threshold. RESULTS: The median Gleason sum was 8 and the modal Gleason score 4 + 5. The median (range) pretreatment PSA level was 274.0 (1.3-2179) ng/mL. Of the 92 men, 57 (62%) attained a nadir PSA, including 23 with a nadir of < 2 ng/mL; 32 (35%) progressed to AI within 2 years and 27% reached a nadir PSA but did not develop AI. The mean (sd) time from diagnosis to the nadir PSA was 13.7 (11.8) months, while the mean time from diagnosis to progression to AI was 30.3 (15.6) months. Univariate analysis showed that a nadir PSA level after treatment of >/= 1 ng/mL (P = 0.0128) was an early predictor of progression to AI; a nadir PSA level of >/= 2 ng/mL (P = 0.0216) was a predictor of poor overall survival. CONCLUSION: Failure to attain a nadir PSA of < 1 ng/mL after treatment predicts progression to AI and a nadir PSA of > 2 ng/mL predicts poorer overall survival. The development of skeletal events predicts the onset of AI but occurs late in the disease and is unsuitable as an early prognostic marker.     

Gleason score and pretreatment prostate-specific antigen in survival among patients with stage D2 prostate cancer

Although multiple studies have addressed the prognostic importance of tumor differentiation in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, few data are available in patients with metastatic disease. We evaluated and compared survival data in two groups of men with Whitmore stage D2 metastatic prostate cancer initially treated with hormonal therapy. A series of 76 patients with D2 metastatic disease were evaluated and treated at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in conjunction with an additional cohort of 141 patients from the Louisiana State University School of Medicine (LSU). Pathological specimens were classified according to the Gleason score. Fifty-two (25%) of the combined NCI/LSU specimens had a Gleason score of 6 or less, 71 (34%) had a value of 7, and remaining 87 (41%) had scores between 8 and 10. The median PSA at the time of diagnosis for the NCI patients was 294.2 ng/ml. Time to treatment failure was defined as the time that a greater than 50% increase above nadir PSA was noted. In neither group was Gleason score correlated with overall survival. There was no association between the time to progression following hormone therapy and primary tumor Gleason score. The PSA concentration at the time of diagnosis was not correlated with the Gleason score for the NCI patients; however, there was an inverse correlation between pretreatment PSA level and time to progression following hormonal ablation. Gleason score does not appear to impact survival in metastatic prostate cancer. PSA as a marker of the biological behavior in metastatic disease may also be limited. These findings should be reevaluated in larger, better matched cohorts. Novel techniques such as serum proteomics, microarrays, and metastatic cell isolation methods may better predict outcome in advanced prostate cancer.     

Conformal proton therapy for early-stage prostate cancer

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of proton radiation on clinical and biochemical outcomes for early prostate cancer. METHODS: Three hundred nineteen patients with T1-T2b prostate cancer and initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels 15.0 ng/mL or less received conformal radiation doses of 74 to 75 cobalt gray equivalent with protons alone or combined with photons. No patient had pre- or post-treatment hormonal therapy until disease progression was documented. Patients were evaluated for biochemical disease-free survival, PSA nadir, and toxicity; the mean and median follow-up period was 43 months. RESULTS: Overall 5-year clinical and biochemical disease-free survival rates were 97% and 88%, respectively. Initial PSA level, stage, and post-treatment PSA nadir were independent prognostic variables for biochemical disease-free survival: a PSA nadir 0.5 ng/mL or less was associated with a 5-year biochemical disease-free survival rate of 98%, versus 88% and 42% for nadirs 0.51 to 1.0 and greater than 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. No severe treatment-related morbidity was seen. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that patients treated with conformal protons have 5-year biochemical disease-free survival rates comparable to those who undergo radical prostatectomy, and display no significant toxicity. A Phase III randomized dose-escalation trial is underway to define the optimum radiation dose for early-stage prostate cancer.     

Primary hormonal therapy for prostate cancer: experience with 135 consecutive PSA-ERA patients from a tertiary care military medical center

The use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the 1990s has brought on a stage migration of prostate cancer. Despite that, many men have still presented with metastatic prostate cancer in the past decade. The use of primary hormone therapy in the PSA era at a tertiary care Army Medical Center is studied in this paper. Charts were reviewed of 135 men who were diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer and treated with hormone therapy as a primary treatment between 1989 and 1995. Statistical analysis was used to determine significant predictor variables on the time to disease progression. In univariate analysis clinical stage, pretreatment alkaline phosphatase and nadir PSA values were significant predictors of time to progression. Race and type of treatment were not. In multivariate analysis the relative risk of progression was 3.2 for patients with an alkaline phosphatase >252 and 16.5 for patients with a nadir >2.0. This study supports the argument that racial disparities in prostate cancer outcomes are due to access to care. Furthermore, the survival rate for patients with D-2 disease is better than in the pre PSA studies. Clinical stage, pretreatment alkaline phosphatase and PSA nadir can be used to predict response for those men presenting with metastatic prostate cancer.     

Pattern of progression and survival in hormonally treated metastatic prostate cancer

BACKGROUND: Patients with prostate cancer generally respond to androgen ablation therapy, but progression to androgen-independence is frequently observed. To further evaluate disease progression, the pattern of progression and survival in hormonally treated metastatic prostate cancer was examined. METHODS: One hundred and ninety-three patients with untreated metastatic prostate cancer (TxNxM ) who received endocrine therapy between 1986 and 1995 were included in the present study. The pattern of progression was evaluated in these patients. RESULTS: One hundred and eighteen of the 193 patients (61.1%) had disease progression: 33 had local progression, 73 had distant progression and 12 had distant with local progression. Patients with only local progression had a longer interval to disease progression and longer survival than those with distant progression. The interval from disease progression to death in patients with local progression was longer than in those with distant progression. The patients whose prostate-specific antigen (PSA) had not been normalized 3 months after the start of endocrine therapy had a tendency to progression either into the prostate or into distant sites. Patients with extent of disease (EOD) scores of 3 and 4 progress, especially to distant sites, after endocrine treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In untreated metastatic prostate cancer, patients with a poor response of PSA levels and patients with a high volume of bone metastasis (i.e. EOD 3, 4) were in the high-risk group for progression, especially to distant sites. Progression into distant sites was a poor prognostic factor for patients with recurrence to endocrine therapy.     

前列腺癌ADT治疗期间PSA最低值的评估及临床意义

目的:探讨PSA最低值在前列腺癌雄激素剥夺治疗(ADT)中的临床意义.方法:回顾性分析1999年6月～2007年6月间采用双侧睾丸切除术治疗71例前列腺癌患者的临床资料,按照治疗后PSA最低值可否达到0.2 ng/ml为界,将患者分为两组,并作多参数比较.结果:诊断时平均年龄76.0(56～90)岁.双侧睾丸切除术后随访时间(43.9±27.8)个月,45例(63.4%)患者的PSA最低值≤0.2 ng/ml,26例(36.6%)>0.2 ng/ml,两组平均PSA最低值差异有统计学意义(P<0.002).两组患者达到PSA最低值的时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.5),但≤0.2 ng/ml组维持PSA最低值的时间间隔(33.88个月)比>0.2 ng/ml组(16.53个月)长(P<0.05),≤0.2 ng/ml组5年累积PSA无进展存活率显著高于>0.2 ng/ml组(对数秩和检验,χ2=8.68,P<0.005),临床进展率(22%)低于>0.2 ng/ml组(50%)(χ2=5.80,P<0.025),患者总存活时间(48.4个月)高于>0.02 ng/ml组(33.1个月)(t=2.22,P<0.05).因前列腺癌死亡的患者中,≤0.2 ng/ml组平均存活时间(58.2个月)高于>0.2 ng/ml组(19.8个月)(t=6.29,P<0.001).结论:ADT后PSA最低值可能是前列腺癌患者对ADT治疗敏感程度的重要预示物,PSA最低值越低,前列腺癌的预后越好.ADT后PSA最低值未达0.2 ng/ml的患者可能处于生化和临床进展的高危状态.     

Prognostic significance of changes in prostate-specific antigen in patients with metastasis prostate cancer after endocrine treatment

Patients with metastatic prostate cancer respond to androgen withdrawal therapy, but progression to androgen independence is frequently observed. To clarify the predictor of response to endocrine therapy, the role of PSA changes and the prognosis of the patients were evaluated in 115 Japanese cases of prostate cancer with distant metastases treated with androgen withdrawal therapy. When patients were divided according to the pretreatment PSA value (high, ≥500, median; 500 > PSA ≥ 100, low; 100>), patients whose initial PSA levels were high had a worse cause-specific survival. PSA value at 3 or 6 months following endocrine treatment, PSA nadir, and percent decrease of PSA were associated with prolonged survival. Clinical relapse was observed in 68 patients. Patients with distant recurrence had shorter time to PSA elevation than those with local recurrence. In metastatic prostate cancer patients treated with androgen withdrawal, serial measurement of PSA could distinguish nonfavorable responders early in the course of treatment and assist in monitoring for disease progression. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.