深圳市男男性行为人群HIV／梅毒发病密度研究

目的了解深圳市男男性行为人群（MSM）的艾滋病病毒（HIV）/梅毒发病密度,探索防治性病对预防控制艾滋病的作用。方法知情同意原则下,招募符合纳入标准的MSM;建立并保持队列,收集社会人口学、性行为和安全套使用等资料;抽血检测HIV/梅毒,随访观察HIV/梅毒转归结局。结果 609例入选队列,HIV阴转阳19例,观察总人年数249.7人年,发病密度7.6[95%可信区间（CI）：4.6～11.9]/100人年;梅毒酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）阴转阳18例,观察总人年数134.9人年,发病密度13.3（95%CI：7.9～21.1）/100人年;梅毒ELISA阳性队列HIV发病密度是梅毒ELISA阴性队列HIV发病密度的2.2倍。结论梅毒对HIV传播具有协同作用,有必要在该人群中实施有效的性病预防措施以控制HIV传播     

The resurgence of syphilis among men who have sex with men

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To identify recent progress and emerging problems in addressing syphilis among men who have sex with men. RECENT FINDINGS: A resurgence of syphilis has occurred among men who have sex with men in many developed countries. Infection has been associated with HIV coinfection, multiple partners, and recreational drug use. Unlike HIV, oral sex appears to be a common route of syphilis transmission. Many prevention approaches have shown, at best, modest success. Variable clinical presentation and potentially inconclusive lab tests make diagnosis confusing. SUMMARY: As the infection remains relatively rare, clinicians treating men who have sex with men should maintain a high index of suspicion for syphilis lesions, and should screen their sexually active patients for latent disease. Debates about syphilis control and treatment continue. The clinical manifestations, serologic responses, efficacy of treatment, and complications of syphilis have always been complicated. HIV coinfection adds to the confusion.     

HIV testing among social media-using Peruvian men who have sex with men: correlates and social context

HIV remains concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Peru, and homophobia and AIDS-related stigmas have kept the epidemic difficult to address. Gay self-identity has been associated with increased HIV testing, though this relationship has not been examined extensively. Social media use has been rapidly increasing in Peru, yet little is known about MSM social media users in Peru. This study sought to investigate the demographic, behavioral, and stigma-related factors associated with HIV testing among social media-using Peruvian MSM. Five hundred and fifty-six MSM from Lima and surrounding areas were recruited from social networking websites to complete a survey on their sexual risk behaviors. We examined the demographic and social correlates of HIV testing behavior among this sample. Younger age and non-gay identity were significantly associated with lower likelihood of getting tested in univariate analysis. After controlling for key behaviors and AIDS-related stigma, younger age remained significantly associated with decreased testing. Participants who engaged in discussions online about HIV testing were more likely to get tested, while AIDS-related stigma presented a significant barrier to testing. Stigma severity also varied significantly by sexual identity. Youth appear to be significantly less likely than older individuals to test for HIV. Among Peruvian MSM, AIDS-related stigma remains a strong predictor of willingness to get tested. Social media-based intervention work targeting Peruvian youth should encourage discussion around HIV testing, and must also address AIDS-related stigma.     

204例MSM人群HIV／梅毒感染状况及行为学特征分析

目的了解天津市部分男男同性性行为人群（MSM）艾滋病相关危险行为,以及艾滋病病毒（HIV）、梅毒（SP）感染状况,为预防性病、艾滋病传播提供依据。方法采用横断面调查,对进入酒吧的男同性恋者进行问卷调查,同时抽取血样进行梅毒和HIV的实验室检测。结果调查的204人中,HIV感染率为5．9％,梅毒感染率为18．7％。艾滋病知识知晓率为81．4％,近6个月每次性行为均使用安全套的比例为47．9％,HIv感染者安全套使用率低,仅为11．1％,71．4％的HIV感染者最近6个月存在多性伴现象。结论天津市MSM人群危险性行为普遍存在,安全套使用率低,HIV、梅毒感染率较高,应加强对该人群艾滋病性病相关的宣传教育及干预工作,控制HIv的传播。     

男男性接触者异性性行为特征的调查研究

目的了解男男性接触者异性性行为的特征及其影响因素。方法于2005年7～11月，在北京市招募男男性接触者进行问卷调查，内容包括社会人口学和高危性行为特征。结果在526名男男性接触者中，10．6％（56／526）的人在近6个月与女性发生过性关系，其中有8．2％（43／526）和4．4％（23／526）的人分别与配偶／固定女性性伴和临时女性性伴发生过性行为，其与配偶／固定女性性伴和临时女性性伴发生阴道性交时，100％使用安全套的比例分别为32．6％（14／43）和34，8％（8／23）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，结婚／与女朋友同居（OR=9．6，95％C13．8～24．4）、首次性交对象为女性（0R=9．7，95％C14，7～20．0），近6个月有固定男性性伴（0R=0，4，95％C10．2～0．8）、近6个月向同性卖淫（0R=5．0；95％C12．0～12．3）、近6个月每月饮酒（OR=3．8；95％C11，8～8，2）与男男性接触者近6个月发生异性性行为的关系有统计学意义。结论男男性接触者是HIV传播的桥梁人群，需要加大对该人群的干预力度，以控制HIV通过该人群向女性人群扩散。     

长沙市男男性行为者HIV和梅毒感染现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解长沙地区男男性行为者(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)和梅毒感染状况及其影响因素.方法 2018年10月至2019年6月期间,委托非政府组织(NGOs)应用滚雪球的方法招募MSM,开展问卷调查和HIV及梅毒检测.采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析HIV和梅毒感染的影响因素.结果 共招募1 220名MSM,其中...     

性网络与男男性行为人群的HIV传播

性网络是男男性行为人群(MSM)经性途径传播艾滋病病毒(HIV)的直接通道。网络分析方法可揭示性网络构成与个体感染HIV风险及与群体中HIV传播的动力学关系。为深入探讨MSM HIV传播风险,为预防干预定位提供信息,该文对性网络与MSMHIV传播关系的研究现况做一简要概述。     

深圳市男男性行为人群HIV梅毒及HCV新发感染的队列研究

目的了解深圳市男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)、梅毒及丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体阳转情况。方法依托深圳市每年开展的时间场所抽样结合同伴推动抽样方法,于2009年5月招募325名MSM为前瞻性研究队列,在基线和一年随访时调查其高危行为情况,并采集血样检测HIV、梅毒和HCV抗体。结果队列随访一年,MSM队列保持率仅为56.2%,HIV血清抗体阳转率为4.44/100人年,梅毒阳转率为7.00/100人年,HCV血清抗体阳转率为1.61/100人年。结论深圳市MSM人群HIV、梅毒以及HCV的新发感染率均比较高,应考虑在现有干预方案基础上增加针对性的有效干预措施。     

Risk factors for HIV infection among men who have sex with men

OBJECTIVES: Risk factors for HIV acquisition were examined in a recent cohort of men who have sex with men (MSM). DESIGN: A longitudinal analysis of 4295 HIV-negative MSM enrolled in a randomized behavioral intervention trial conducted in six US cities. METHODS: MSM were enrolled and assessed for HIV infection and risk behaviors semi-annually, up to 48 months. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, men reporting four or more male sex partners, unprotected receptive anal intercourse with any HIV serostatus partners and unprotected insertive anal intercourse with HIV-positive partners were at increased risk of HIV infection, as were those reporting amphetamine or heavy alcohol use and alcohol or drug use before sex. Some depression symptoms and occurrence of gonorrhea also were independently associated with HIV infection. The attributable fractions of high number of male partners, use of alcohol or drugs before sex, and unprotected receptive anal intercourse with unknown status partners and the same with presumed negative partners accounted for 32.3, 29.0, 28.4 and 21.6% of infections, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The challenge is to develop strategies to identify men in need. Interventions are needed to help men reduce their number of sexual partners, occurrences of unprotected anal intercourse, alcohol or drug use before sex and address other mental health issues.     

Peer referral for HIV case-finding among men who have sex with men

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a health department-based peer referral program for identifying previously undiagnosed cases of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM). DESIGN AND METHODS: Between 2002 and 2005, 283 MSM peer recruiters were enrolled in a public health program in King County, Washington, USA. Peer recruiters were enrolled from a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic, an HIV clinic, via media advertisements and through collaboration with community-based organizations (CBO). The peer recruiters underwent a brief training and were then paid US$ 20 for each peer they referred to be tested for HIV, STD and viral hepatitis. Peers were paid US$ 20 for being tested. The main outcome measure was the number of new cases of HIV identified and cost per case of HIV identified. RESULTS: Recruiters referred 498 peers for HIV, STD and hepatitis testing. Among 438 peers not previously diagnosed with HIV, 22 (5%) were HIV positive, of whom 18 received their HIV test results. Other infections were variably prevalent among tested peers: gonorrhea [23/307 (8%)], chlamydia [6/285 (2%)], syphilis [1/445 (0.2%)], hepatitis C [61/198 (31%)], surface antigen positive hepatitis B [8/314 (3%)]. Excluding the costs of testing for viral hepatitis and STDs other than HIV, the cost per new HIV case identified was US$ 4929. During the same period, the cost per new case of HIV detected through bathhouse-based HIV testing and through the county's largest CBO-based HIV testing program were US$ 8250 and US$ 11 481, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Peer referral is an effective means of identifying new cases of HIV among MSM.     

Increased HIV incidence among men who have sex with men in Rome

Among 976 men who have sex with men (MSM) who had undergone repeat HIV testing between 1984 and 2003 at a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Rome, Italy, we observed a dramatic increase in HIV incidence in 2002 and 2003, with the cumulative incidence for 2000-2003 being twice as high as that for 1984-1995, and significantly higher than that for 1996-1999. This trend suggests the need for interventions aimed at encouraging behavioural changes among MSM.     

Risk of HIV infection attributable to oral sex among men who have sex with men and in the population of men who have sex with men

We examined HIV infection and estimated the population-attributable risk percentage (PAR%) for HIV associated fellatio among men who have sex with other men (MSM). Among 239 MSM who practised exclusively fellatio in the past 6 months, 50% had three partners, 98% unprotected; and 28% had an HIV-positive partner; no HIV was detected. PAR%, based on the number of fellatio partners, ranges from 0.10% for one partner to 0.31% for three partners. The risk of HIV attributable to fellatio is extremely low.     

Ethnicity and HIV vulnerabilities among men who have sex with men in China

Ethnic affiliation can define sociocultural boundaries and contribute to the HIV vulnerabilities faced by men who have sex with men (MSM). This study investigated the influence of ethnic affiliation on HIV vulnerabilities among MSM in North China. Our study analyzed a cross-sectional survey of MSM (n?=?398) in two major North China cities. We examined associations between ethnic affiliation and (a) HIV status, (b) sexual behaviors and experiences, and (c) substance use. Compared to ethnic majority Han MSM: MSM belonging to ethnic minority groups of South China had significantly greater odds of HIV infection (AOR: 7.40; 95% CI: 2.33–23.47) and experience of forced sex (AOR: 3.27; 95% CI: 1.12–9.52). Compared to ethnic majority Han MSM, Ethnic Hui MSM had significantly lower odds of condomless anal sex (AOR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.21–0.82) and significantly greater odds of circumcision (AOR: 2.62; 95% CI: 1.24–5.51). HIV prevalence and riskier sexual behaviors among MSM in China appear to vary significantly by ethnic affiliation. Current epidemiological practices of aggregating all ethnic minority groups in China into a single category may be masking important interethnic differences in HIV risk, and precluding opportunities for more culturally appropriate interventions.     

HIV and employment among Black men who have sex with men in Baltimore

ABSTRACT

Employment status is a key social determinant of health, and many populations in the United States that are impacted by HIV have unequal access to education and employment opportunities which contributes to HIV-related disparities. Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) are one of the groups most heavily burdened by HIV. With improved health outcomes associated with advancements in HIV treatment, research suggests that more people living with HIV want to work. This study describes employment among BMSM living in Baltimore, assesses differences in employment by HIV status and assesses predictors of full-time employment among BMSM. The study found that BMSM have limited access to full-time employment and that this disparity is even more pronounced among BMSM living with HIV. Men living with HIV were less likely to be employed full-time compared to men not living with HIV controlling for education and social contextual factors (OR 0.40 95% CI (0.22–0.73)). HIV will most likely have important implications for employment patterns and trajectories of BMSM over the life course. Additional research is needed among BMSM living with HIV to understand work histories and experiences, facilitating factors, and the impact of various work experiences on the health and wellbeing.     

HIV testing and HIV knowledge among men who have sex with men in Natal,Northeast Brazil

Background

Men who have sex with men (MSM) account for the highest prevalence of HIV in Brazil. HIV testing allows to implement preventive measures, reduces transmission, morbidity, and mortality.