The Clinical Application of Full Field Digitalization Mammography in Breast Diseases

目的 探讨全数字化乳腺摄影(FFDM)在乳腺病变中的临床应用价值.资料与方法 搜集经手术病理证实有完整临床资料的乳腺病变共102例,所有患者均行FFDM,结合病理进行影像学分析.结果 102例乳腺病变中乳腺癌31例,乳腺良性病变71例.临床触及肿块者63例,未触及肿块者39例.影像表现为肿块80例,单纯成簇微小钙化4例,结构紊乱并粗长毛刺2例,结构紊乱并微小钙化1例,局部片状致密影14例,无明显影像表现1例.FFDM对乳腺癌诊断敏感性为90.3％,特异性为94.4％,准确性为93.1％.结论 FFDM能清晰显示乳腺病变的X线征象,尤其能够显示乳腺癌的主要X线征象,为临床早期诊断乳腺病变创造了条件,尤其对临床未触及肿块的早期乳腺癌具有重要的临床价值.     

全数字化乳腺摄影对妇女致密型乳腺病变的诊断价值

目的探讨全数字化乳腺摄影（FFDM）对妇女致密型乳腺病变的诊断价值。方法搜集2003年4月至2004年9月门诊及体检者行FFDM的3500余例中致密型乳腺的66例乳腺癌及6例癌前病变，12例囊性增生症，58例纤维腺瘤，1例结核，4例囊肿，11例乳腺腺病作为研究对象。全部病例采用美国GE公司的平板2000D全数字化乳腺摄影机检查，并经病理证实。检查体位常规采用头足位（CC）、内外斜位（MLO），必要时加摄侧位及局部点片。对临床未触及肿块的乳腺癌，均行术前定位。结果72例乳腺癌及癌前病变中，临床触及肿块者57例，未触及肿块者15例。影像表现为肿块23例；肿块并微小钙化18例；片状弥漫微小钙化伴局部结构紊乱11例；结构紊乱并粗长毛刺12例；簇状微小钙化2例；片簇状微小钙化1例；结构紊乱1例；小星状结构1例；长毛刺星状结构1例；平片无明显影像表现2例，其中1例仅导管造影显示僵硬、中断。共发现假阳性10例，假阴性5例，得出FFDM对乳腺癌诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为93．06％、88．37％、90．51％。良性病变中，58例纤维腺瘤，表现为肿块38例，肿块伴钙化20例；12例囊性增生症，表现为肿块10例，肿块伴点状钙化2例；11例乳腺腺病，表现为肿块9例，肿块伴点状钙化2例。4例囊肿和1例结核，均表现为肿块。结论FFDM能清晰显示乳腺癌的直接及间接征象，尤其能够显示致密乳腺的结构紊乱、粗长毛刺及微小钙化，对临床未触及肿块的乳腺癌及癌前病变具有重要的诊断价值。     

乳腺X线摄影对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值分析

目的探讨乳腺X线摄影对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法对70例乳腺X线摄影IB-RADS评分4级及以上,经病理证实的病例,进行X线诊断结果与病理结果对照比较。结果良性3例,恶性67例,正确诊断率95.7%。其中肿块及其它征象47例,仅表现微钙化征象23例。结论肿块及微小钙化是乳腺癌最直接、最主要的X线征象,乳腺X线摄影对乳腺组织结构显示清晰,特别是对微小钙化。     

全数字化乳腺摄影技术在乳腺癌诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨全数字化乳腺摄影技术(FFDM)在乳腺癌诊断中的应用价值.方法 搜集本院2006-04-2007-11门诊病例及健康体检者行FFDM检查者2900例,其中经手术病理证实的乳腺癌53例,分析其年龄分布特征,病理类型及X线表现特征.结果 53例乳腺癌的发病年龄为36～8l岁,其中40～59年龄段者占到总病例的66%.X线表现为单纯肿块者24例(45.3%).肿块合并钙化者17例(32.1%),单纯钙化者4例(7.6%).结构紊乱者5例(9.4%),结构紊乱并钙化者3例(5.6%).病理结果:浸润性导管癌43例,黏液腺癌4例,乳腺小叶癌2例,Paget病4例.结论 FFDM可以更清晰的显示乳腺病变的特征,对乳腺癌的早期诊断具有重要价值.     

乳腺癌X线表现分析

目的分析乳腺癌典型及不典型X线征象,提高对乳腺癌不典型X线表现的认识。方法对61例经手术病理证实的乳腺癌资料进行回顾性分析。结果61例乳腺癌主要X线征象:肿块39例;微小钙化30例;不伴肿块及微小钙化的乳腺局部结构紊乱4例、星芒征3例、非对称性密度增高3例。结论肿块及微小钙化是乳腺癌最主要、最直接的X线征象,但部分乳腺癌X线上缺乏上述2种表现,单纯以结构紊乱、非对称性密度增高或星芒征为主要表现。提高对此类乳腺癌不典型X线表现的认识,有利于防止误、漏诊。     

乳腺肿瘤X线摄影临床价值分析

目的探讨乳腺X线摄影在乳腺肿瘤鉴定与诊断中的应用价值。方法分析70例X线摄影的乳腺肿块患者的影像学资料,X线诊断结果与病理结果进行对比分析。结果乳腺X线摄影结果与金标准病理诊断的符合率为80.00%。70例腺肿块患者的肿块及结构扭曲、钙化等征象23例,仅表现微钙化征象11例,毛刺样肿块21例,伴乳头凹陷8例,乳腺皮肤增厚10例,肿块周围粗大血管征5例。6例良性病变误诊为恶性病变:3例为右乳外上象限肿块影,边缘清晰,呈浅分叶状,未见明显钙化,术后病理结果为乳腺结核;2例为左乳外上象限大片状致密影,其内大片成簇状微小钙化,病理结果为乳腺囊肿;1例为左乳头深部肿块影,边缘模糊欠规整,病理结果为乳腺囊肿。8例良性病变因钼靶表现为边缘模糊,未见明显毛刺征象,术前误诊为乳腺癌。乳腺肿瘤钼靶X线诊断乳腺肿瘤的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为79.49%、80.65%、80.00%。结论肿块及微小钙化是乳腺癌最直接、最主要的X线征象,乳腺X线摄影对乳腺组织结构显示清晰,特别是对微小钙化有很高的诊断价值。     

全数字化乳腺X线摄影对乳腺导管原位癌的诊断价值

目的探讨全数字化乳腺X线摄影(full-field digital mammography,FFDM)对乳腺导管原位癌的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析52例经穿刺或手术病理证实的乳腺导管原位癌的X线摄影表现。结果以恶性钙化为主要征象32例,钙化表现为微细、多形性,呈簇状、群集或段性分布,其中单纯钙化24例,钙化合并局灶性致密8例;表现为肿块8例,其中3例肿块边缘见毛刺;单纯局灶性致密3例;结构扭曲2例;导管造影显示导管内占位性病变3例;X线无异常发现4例。结论 FFDM可以清晰显示微小钙化、小结节、局灶致密及结构扭曲等征象,尤其对微小钙化敏感,对乳腺导管原位癌的诊断具有重要价值。     

乳腺肿瘤的钼靶X线诊断

目的　明确乳腺肿瘤的钼靶摄影 (mammography)征象 ,评价钼靶在早期乳腺癌诊断中的价值。 方法　总结分析我院从1 760例乳腺疾病钼靶X线摄影中检出并经手术和病理证实为乳腺肿瘤 1 67例 ,其中乳腺良性肿瘤 1 2 4例 ,乳腺癌 43例。结果　①43例乳腺癌的钼靶X线征象 ,圆形 ,不规则形肿块 2 6例 ,占 60 .46 % ,X线测量肿块比值小于临床 ;微小钙化 1 5例 ,占 34 .88% ;局部浸润 2例 ,占 4 .65 %。②良性乳腺肿瘤钼靶X线征象 ,多为圆形、椭圆形肿块 ,周边透明晕征。X线测量肿块比值大于临床。结论　乳腺钼靶X线在乳腺肿瘤检查中 ,特别对早期乳腺癌的诊断很有价值。乳腺癌的主要直接征象和间接征象在乳腺癌的早期诊断中具有重要意义     

早期乳腺癌的X线表现（附18例报告）

目的：提高对早期乳腺癌X线征象的认识。方法：回顾性分析资料完整的18例早期乳腺癌X线表现。结果：早期乳腺癌X线征象主要有：砂砾样微小钙化12例，其中X线未见确切肿块或结节而以钙化灶为唯一征象者6例；局限性片状、结节样致密影3例；乳腺结构局部扭曲紊乱1例；血管影迂曲、增多、增粗1例；无异常X线征象1例。结论：砂砾样微小钙化是早期乳腺癌非常重要的诊断依据，甚至是唯一恶性征象；局限性密度增高，乳腺结构局部扭曲紊乱，血管影迂曲、增多、增粗等征象在排除乳腺炎和手术穿刺活检等病史后，可考虑有早期乳隙癌的可能。     

乳腺未触及肿块的良恶性微小钙化临床X线——病理对照研究

本文报告50例乳腺未触及肿块的良恶性微小钙化,乳腺癌21例,早期微小乳癌占90.4％,钙化灶大多2mm以下,密度较高,呈局部密集线状排列,以细断针状为主。乳腺良性病变29例,乳腺病25例,纤维腺瘤4例,钙化灶大多3mm以上,密度较高,散在分布,以粗短折状为主。     

全数字化乳腺摄影对乳腺疾病的诊断价值

目的 评价全数字化乳腺摄影在临床中对乳腺疾病的诊断价值.方法 回顾215例经手术或活检的术前全数字化乳腺摄影资料,对比影像诊断与最终病理诊断异同.分析不同疾病的误诊原因,初步分析及探讨全数字化乳腺摄影对乳腺疾病的诊断价值.结果 215例经手术或活检的病例中,132例被病理确诊为乳腺癌,83例被诊断为良性病变.在被病理证实为乳腺癌的132例乳腺癌病例中,14例被全数字化乳腺摄影诊断漏诊或误诊.而同时被影像诊断为恶性病变可能的130例(BI-RADS大于4级)的病例中,12例最终病理诊断确定为良性病变.结论 全数字化乳腺摄影是乳腺疾病的重要检查手段,尤其对发现及筛查乳腺癌具有重要价值,但对某些乳腺良性病变,其诊断准确率较低,需要结合其他临床诊断方式.     

全数字化乳腺摄影与MRI对乳腺恶性病变诊断的对比分析

目的 探讨乳腺癌全数字化乳腺摄影(full-field digital mammography,FFDM)与乳腺MRI的影像学表现,评价其对乳腺癌的诊断价值.方法 收集68例经穿刺或手术病理证实的乳腺癌病例,对比分析其X线摄影及MRI表现.全数字化乳腺摄影采用常规方法摄片,MRI采用自旋回波T1WI,T2WI序列及动态增强扫描等.结果 68例乳腺恶性肿瘤中,浸润性导管癌57例,浸润性小叶癌3例,叶状囊肉瘤1例,血管肉瘤1例,导管内癌2例,炎性乳癌2例,印戒细胞癌1例,Paget's病1例.乳腺X线摄影诊断正确61例,诊断准确率89.7％.MRI诊断正确66例,诊断准确率97.1％.结论 乳腺X线摄影是乳腺恶性病变的首选检查方法,MRI能更多的显示乳腺病灶的内部特征,二者联合应用对乳腺癌的临床诊断具有重要意义.     

Image quality, lesion detection, and diagnostic efficacy in digital mammography: full-field digital mammography versus computed radiography-based mammography using digital storage phosphor plates

OBJECTIVE: To compare image quality, the lesion detection, and the diagnostic efficacy of full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and computed radiography-based mammography using digital storage phosphor plates (DSPM) in the evaluation of breast lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 150 patients with suspicious breast lesions underwent FFDM and DSPM. Nine aspects of image quality (brightness, contrast, sharpness, noise, artifacts, and the detection of anatomic structures, i.e., skin, retromamillary space, glandular tissue, and calcifications) were evaluated by five radiologists. In addition, the detection of breast lesions and the diagnostic efficacy, based on the BI-RADS classification, were evaluated with histologic and follow-up correlation. RESULTS: For contrast, sharpness, and the detection of all anatomic structures, FFDM was rated significantly better (p<0.05). Mass lesions were equally detected, whereas FFDM detected more lesions consisting of calcifications (85 versus 75). DSPM yielded two false-negative results. Both lesions were rated BI-RADS 4 with FFDM, but BI-RADS 2 with DSPM. Both were invasive carcinoma at histology. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of FFDM were 1.0, 0.397, 0.636, 1.0, and 0.707, compared to 0.974, 0.397, 0.630, 0.935, and 0.693 of DSPM. CONCLUSION: Based on image quality parameters, FFDM is, in part, significantly better than DSPM. Furthermore, the detection of breast lesions with calcifications is favorable with FFDM. However, the diagnostic efficacy of FFDM and DSPM was equal. The interpretation of the false-negative results suggests that the perception and characterization of breast lesions is not defined solely by the digital mammography system but is strongly influenced by the radiologist, who is one of the determinants in the interpretation of breast imaging.     

The added benefit of digital breast tomosynthesis in second breast cancer detection among treated breast cancer patients

Objectives

We aimed to compare the recall rate (RR) and the cancer detection rate (CDR) of combined full field digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis (FFDM?+?DBT) to those of full field digital mammography (FFDM) alone in breast cancer survivors.

全野数字乳腺摄影系统在乳腺检查中的应用价值研究

目的:探讨全野数字乳腺摄影系统在乳腺检查中的应用价值。方法:收集我院进行乳腺检查患者321例进行研究评价,其中,CR乳腺摄影148例,全野数字乳腺摄影173例,分析评价检查时间、图像质量、诊断阳性率,乳腺癌的诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性。结果:CR乳腺摄影平均检查时间13.6min/人,甲级片率91%、诊断阳性率83.1%,其敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为86.8%、89.4%、88.6%。全野数字乳腺摄影系统平均检查时间5.7min/人,甲级片率97%,诊断阳性率92.5%,其诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为91.8%、93.7%、93.1%。结论:全野数字乳腺摄影成像技术优于CR钼靶成像技术,且曝光剂量大大减少,提高了图像质量和乳腺疾病的诊断阳性率,减少了检查时间,乳腺癌的诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性都有提高。     

Comparison of full-field digital mammography to screen-film mammography with respect to diagnostic accuracy of lesion characterization in breast tissue biopsy specimens

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate whether full-field digital mammography (FFDM) is at least as accurate as screen-film mammography with respect to breast lesion characterization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine breast surgical specimens were obtained by means of preoperative needle localization with surgical excision from 79 patients. The specimens were imaged with both screen-film mammography and FFDM. Six radiologists specialized in breast imaging analyzed both sets of images and characterized the visualized lesions on a five-point scale: 1, definitely not malignant; 2, probably not malignant; 3, possibly malignant; 4, probably malignant; and 5, definitely malignant. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the data was then performed to assess for differences between modalities in the radiologists' ability to predict breast malignancy. RESULTS: The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the prediction of breast malignancy in surgical biopsy specimens were not statistically significantly different for FFDM and screen-film mammography. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that with breast surgical specimens, FFDM is similar in diagnostic accuracy to screen-film mammography.     

钼靶与磁共振检查对乳腺疾病诊断的对比研究

目的:比较全数字化X线钼靶摄影检查、磁共振动态增强序列及扩散加权序列诊断乳腺疾病的敏感性和特异性,探讨三者对乳腺疾病诊断的价值与局限性。方法:对50例乳腺疾病患者,分别行X线钼靶摄影检查、磁共振动态增强序列及扩散加权序列处理。病理证实恶性病变29例,34个病灶;良性病变21例,29个病灶。统计分析X线钼靶摄影、MR动态增强检查和病灶ADC值对全部病变诊断的准确率、敏感性、特异性。结果:X线钼靶摄影与MRI动态增强曲线诊断符合度比较(χ2=6.612,P=0.0092<0.01),X线钼靶摄影与MRI的DWI诊断符合度比较(χ2=4.375,P=0.0395<0.05),有统计学意义,MRI的TIC与ADC的诊断符合度比较(χ2=0.259,P=0.610>0.05),无统计学意义。结论:X线钼靶摄影对乳腺疾病检出的敏感性较高,特异性较差。乳腺MR动态增强序列及扩散加权序列诊断乳腺疾病的敏感性及特异性均高于X线钼靶摄影。两种MR扫描序列对乳腺疾病影像学诊断具有重要价值。     

乳腺疾病的全数字化乳腺摄影与磁共振检查对比研究

目的:全数字化乳腺摄影与磁共振检查对乳腺疾病的诊断价值。材料和方法:本研究收集了自2003年12月至2006年1月期间行全数字化乳腺摄影并同时行磁共振检查患者共67例,全部经病理证实,其中良性病变38例,恶性病变29例。采用美国GE Senographe2000D全数字化乳腺摄影机及美国GE1.5Tesla MRI扫描仪;采用专门乳腺线圈。全部病例行动态增强扫描和图像后处理。结果:本组显示FFDM对乳腺疾病诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为74.29%,92.1%,83.36%;MRI对乳腺疾病诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为94.29%,89.47%,91.78%。结论:对于乳腺癌诊断FFDM的特异性高于MRI,而敏感性较低。     

Observer variability in screen-film mammography versus full-field digital mammography with soft-copy reading

Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) with soft-copy reading is more complex than screen-film mammography (SFM) with hard-copy reading. The aim of this study was to compare inter- and intraobserver variability in SFM versus FFDM of paired mammograms from a breast cancer screening program. Six radiologists interpreted mammograms of 232 cases obtained with both techniques, including 46 cancers, 88 benign lesions, and 98 normals. Image interpretation included BI-RADS categories. A case consisted of standard two-view mammograms of one breast. Images were scored in two sessions separated by 5 weeks. Observer variability was substantial for SFM as well as for FFDM, but overall there was no significant difference between the observer variability at SFM and FFDM. Mean kappa values were lower, indicating less agreement, for microcalcifications compared with masses. The lower observer agreement for microcalcifications, and especially the low intraobserver concordance between the two imaging techniques for three readers, was noticeable. The level of observer agreement might be an indicator of radiologist performance and could confound studies designed to separate diagnostic differences between the two imaging techniques. The results of our study confirm the need for proper training for radiologists starting FFDM with soft-copy reading in breast cancer screening. Presented at ECR, Wien 2006.     

Tissue bulge during stereotactic core biopsy

In full field digital mammography (FFDM) the whole breast is subjected to compression with a perspex compression paddle in order to reduce breast thickness and improve image quality. Once a mammographic abnormality has been detected using FFDM and a decision to proceed with a stereotactic (X-ray) guided core biopsy has been made, a different compression paddle is utilised. This paddle has a central aperture in order to allow access to the lesion for biopsy.Clinical observations made during biopsy procedures have revealed that a bulge of tissue forms within the aperture. The magnitude of the bulge of tissue and BI-RAD breast density was recorded in 15 consecutive patients. Results showed an average of 18.7% (range 11.3–30%) increase in the breast thickness (over the bulge region) compared to the surrounding compressed breast.BI-RAD breast density category 3 had on average the lowest measured thickness and the greatest percentage of tissue bulge. Overall, results confirm that for all patients there was a measurable tissue bulge that varied from 6 mm to 10 mm, representing between 10.14% and 23.08% of additional tissue not measured by the machine. In clinical practice a perceivable difference in lesion visibility was subjectively indicated between the FFDM images and the stereotactic scout biopsy image.The suggested hypothesis from these observations is that there may be an association between the magnitude of the tissue bulge and the ability to accurately perceive certain lesions during stereotactic biopsy procedures. A phantom study is in progress to determine how lesion visibility varies with the amount of tissue bulge.