中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的临床特点与治疗

目的总结中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（PNSH）的临床特点、治疗及预后情况。方法回顾性分析11例PNSH患者的临床表现、影像学资料、诊断及治疗情况,并进行随访,了解预后情况。结果11例PNSH患者发病时均无意识障碍,无神经系统定位体征,临床症状均较轻,Hunt-Hess分级为Ⅰ-Ⅱ级,无脑室内出血,无脑积水,所有病例均治愈出院。随访12~60个月,平均26个月,无患者遗留永久性神经功能障碍,全部患者无再出血,恢复原工作及生活。结论PNSH患者临床症状较轻,并发症少,预后良好。     

中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的临床特点

目的总结中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（PNSH）的治疗经验。方法回顾性分析22例PNSH病人的临床表现、影像学资料及治疗，并随访预后情况。结果本组全脑血管造影均无阳性发现，病人临床症状轻，均无意识障碍及局灶性神经功能障碍，Hunt-Hess分级均为Ⅰ-Ⅱ级。随访9-98个月，平均52个月，未发生再出血，无永久性神经功能障碍，除1例病人因患抑郁症而无法工作外，其余均恢复正常工作。结论PNSH预后良好。     

中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血11例临床分析

目的：提高中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（PNSH）的认识水平，指导临床诊治。方法：回顾性分析11例（PNSH）患者的临床表现、影像学资料、治疗及预后。结果：所有患者均痊愈，病程24～30d。无明显并发症发生。对上述患者随访1—3年，平均随访22个月，生活均能自理，无再出血病例发生。结论：PNSH是一种特殊类型的SAH，无严重的脑血管痉挛、脑积水和再出血发生，预后好。     

中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血

目的　提高对中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血 (PNSH)的认识水平以指导临床诊治。方法　回顾性分析 2 4例PNSH病人的临床表现、影像学资料、治疗及预后情况。结果　本组 2 4例病人发病 1～ 14d内DSA检查均阴性 ,经治疗全部治愈出院 ,平均病程 2 9d。随访 3个月至 5年 ,无严重的脑血管痉挛、脑积水和再出血发生。结论　PNSH是一种特殊类型的SAH ,提高对其认识 ,对临床治疗工作有重要的指导意义。     

中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血

目的:提高对中脑周围蛛网膜下腔出血(PNSH)的认识水平。方法:回顾性分析17例PNSH病人的临床 表现、影像学表现、治疗及预后情况。结果:本组病例2d～6d内DSA检查均阴性,全部治愈出院,住院期间无并发症发 生。结论:PNSH是一种特殊类型的SAH,临床表现平稳,影像学检查独特,恢复期短,预后良好。     

中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的临床特点

目的 分析中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（PNSH）的临床及影像学特点及预后。方法 回顾性分析34例出血部位仅限于中脑周围脑池的PNSH的临床及影像学资料、治疗与预后。结果 34例PNSH患者无意识障碍, Hunt-Hess分级均为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,无明显的脑血管痉挛、脑积水与再出血,预后较好。结论 正确认识中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血可提高蛛网膜下腔出血的临床诊治水平。     

首次全脑血管造影阴性的自发性蛛网膜下腔出血的临床及影像学分析

目的探讨首次全脑血管造影阴性的自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的病因和诊疗策略。方法回顾性分析43例经头颅CT或腰穿脑脊液检查确诊为自发性蛛网膜下腔出血,但首次全脑血管造影检查为阴性患者的临床及影像学资料。结果43例患者临床表现出现头痛43例,恶心呕吐36例,一过性意识障碍3例,局灶性神经功能障碍（肢体瘫痪）3例,癫痫发作2例,脑膜刺激征阳性39例。头颅CT显示为典型蛛网膜下腔出血者35例,其余8例通过腰穿发现血性脑脊液确诊。35例患者中符合中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（PNSH）者21例。其余14例为非PNSH。所有患者于发病后2～7d内行首次全脑血管造影检查,结果均为阴性。发病14-21d后全部复查全脑血管造影或CTA,41例仍为阴性;1例发现颅内动脉瘤,1例发现脊髓血管畸形,且均为非PNSH患者。经病因及对症治疗后,患者均预后良好。结论首次全脑血管造影阴性的自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者临床症状较轻,并发症少,预后较好。对于临床症状和影像学表现符合PNSH的患者,应避免重复造影。但对于高度怀疑颅内动脉瘤或血管畸形可能的非PNSH患者,应积极复查DSA或高质量的CTA或MRA以免漏诊和误诊。     

中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的临床特点与治疗

目的总结中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(PNSH)的诊治经验。方法回顾性分析19例PNSH病例资料,Hunt-Hess分级:Ⅰ级9例,Ⅱ级10例。DSA与CTA检查均未发现颅内动脉瘤和异常血管影。给予一般对症治疗和腰椎穿刺释放血性脑脊液。结果 19例PNSH均治愈出院,住院期间未发生再出血。出院后随访3个月,19例病人均未发生再出血。结论 PNSH病因不明,但预后良好、并发症少,DSA检查为诊断PNSH的重要手段。     

中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血的诊治分析简

目的总结脑干前非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（PMSAH）的临床特点及治疗效果。方法对我科2011年12月至2012年11月共收治的43例PMSAH患者的临床表现、影像学资料、诊断及治疗情况进行分析。结果首次全脑数字减影血管造影（DSA）检查阴性的43例PMSAH患者，2周左右复查DSA或320排CT血管造影，结果仍为阴性。所有病例均治愈出院，住院期间未发生再出血。43例出院后均随访6～12个月无再出血发生。结论PMSAH是一种预后佳，临床症状较轻、并发症少、主要位于脑干前方而病因不明的蛛网膜下腔出血。     

中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血26例临床分析

目的总结中脑周围非动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（PNSH）的临床特点。方法分析2006年10月一2008年4月我院收治的经CT证实并行全脑血管造影的PNSH26例的临床特点。结果所有患者均无意识丧失,无神经定位体征,Hunt—Hess分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,CT上出血部位在中脑周围的脑池,DSA检查均为阴性。采用对症治疗,未发生再出血、脑积水、继发性脑血管痉挛等并发症。结论PNSH临床表现平稳、恢复快、预后良好、并发症少。正确认识PNSH,可以缩短住院时间和减少重复脑血管造影,但首次诊断需行脑血管造影排除动脉瘤的可能。     

自发性小脑出血手术治疗长期预后的相关影响因素分析

目的探讨自发性小脑出血(spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage,SCH)手术治疗患者长期预后的相关影响因素及其意义。方法对2015年—2018年连续收治的49例SCH手术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析;分析各临床指标与长期预后的关系。患者平均随访时间28.4个月。预后用格拉斯哥预后量表(Glasgow outcome scale,GOS)评分评定,GOS评分1~3分为预后不良,4~5分为预后良好。结果本组患者的平均年龄为(56.9±17.65)岁,男性占71.4%;预后良好者36例(73.5%),预后不良者13例(26.5%),其中死亡患者9例(18.4%)。单因素分析示:术前GCS评分、入院时随机血糖水平、血肿最大直径、影像学脑干受压(基底池受压)与长期预后有显著关系(P<0.05-0.005)。Logistic回归分析示:入院时随机血糖水平高(OR=1.566,95%CI 1.076~2.279,P=0.019)和影像学脑干受压征(OR=13.533,95%CI 1.058~173.024,P=0.045)为影响长期预后的独立危险因素。结论入院时随机血糖水平高与影像学脑干受压征是影响SCH手术治疗长期预后的独立危险因素。SCH预后相关因素的分析有助于临床医生作出合理的治疗决策。     

Does non-perimesencephalic type non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage have a benign prognosis?

We reviewed and compared the clinical course and long-term prognosis of patients with non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with and without a perimesencephalic pattern of hemorrhage on CT scan. In 876 patients with spontaneous SAH, 52 (5.9%) were diagnosed with non-aneurysmal SAH. Based on their CT scans, the SAH was classified as perimesencephalic non-aneurysmal SAH (PNSH) in 23 patients and non-perimesencephalic (non-PNSH) in 29 patients. The patients in the non-PNSH group were further divided into diffuse type (19 patients) and localized type (10 patients). We performed follow-up three-dimensional-CT angiography (3D-CTA) in all possible patients at least 1 year after the attack. The PNSH group had a lower rate of acute hydrocephalus (8.7%) and angiographic vasospasm (0%) complications than the non-PNSH group (37.9% and 27.6%, respectively). Only one case of rebleeding occurred in the non-PNSH group. No demonstrable source of bleeding was found on follow-up 3D-CTA, which was performed 1 year after the attack. All patients with non-aneurysmal SAH had similarly favorable long-term functional outcomes. Based on our study, patients with non-PNSH have a more complicated clinical course than those with PNSH. However, the long-term prognosis was similarly favorable for both the PNSH and non-PNSH in limited circumstances when they showed normal findings on a series of two-dimensional and 3D angiographic work-ups.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of sporadic meningioangiomatosis

Objective

To discuss the clinical characteristics, radiological features, surgical treatment and prognosis of sporadic meningioangiomatosis (MA).

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of ten histopathologically confirmed MA patients who were treated in the Department of Neurosurgery of Huashan hospital from 2002 to 2011. All of the patients presented with symptomatic seizure attacks before craniotomy surgeries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or computed tomography (CT) were the main radiological examination for preoperative diagnosis of all cases.

Results

All patients underwent craniotomy surgeries with gross total resections (GTRs) of the MA lesions. Postoperative follow-ups range from 8 to 108 months, in average 42.7 months, median 40.5 months. No radiological recurrence can be found in any case. Eight patients (80.0%) have achieved total symptomatic remission after surgeries (one of them underwent delayed remission), while two (20.0%) are still suffering from seizure attacks infrequently under several antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).

Conclusion

Although MA cases are quite rare and usually misdiagnosed presurgically, a correct preoperative diagnosis, at least a differential diagnosis, can be rationally achieved via a triad of patients’ ages, symptomatic seizure attacks and radiological features (both CT and MR). MA is curable and the prognosis is excellent since most patients became free of seizure and recurrence after surgical treatments.     

原发性中枢神经系统非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床分析

目的探讨原发性中枢神经系统非霍奇金淋巴瘤(PCNSNHL)的早期诊断、治疗方法及预后。方法回顾性分析86例术后经病理证实为PCNSNHL的临床特征、影像学特点、治疗方法及预后。结果术前早期诊断12例。随访63例,死亡48例,平均生存期13.74个月。术后行放、化疗组,平均生存期14.68个月(最长达5年);未行放、化疗组,平均生存期仅2个月。结论PCNSNHL术前早期诊断有可探讨之规律,尤其是影像学特征;采用包括手术和放、化疗在内的综合治疗是提高疗效的关键。