单侧椎弓根穿刺椎体后凸成形术治疗胸腰段椎体骨质疏松压缩性骨折

目的评估单侧椎弓根穿刺椎体后凸成形术治疗胸腰段椎体骨质疏松压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法 2010年6月至2013年9月采用单侧椎弓根穿刺技术结合经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折27例,T₁₁ 1例,T₁₂例8例,L₁15例,L₂ 3例。随访分析患者疼痛、影像学变化情况。结果患者均安全耐受手术。骨水泥渗漏4例。所有患者术后腰痛均不同程度缓解,术后第2天均能下地行走。其中有7例患者术后伴有腰背肌肉疼痛或下腰痛,接受非甾体、抗骨质疏松药物后均缓解。伤椎前缘高度及后凸角度指标术前、术后比较有显著差异（P<0.05）,术后与末次随访指标无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论单侧椎弓根穿刺椎体后凸成形术可安全有效的治疗胸腰段椎体骨质疏松压缩性骨折。     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗多节段骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折

目的探讨应用球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术（PKP）治疗多节段老年骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的疗效和安全性。方法自2005年1月至2007年10月,采用球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折28例67个病椎,均经单侧椎弓根置入可扩张球囊使骨折塌陷椎体复位,然后使用骨水泥充填椎体,观察术后症状改善及骨折复位情况。结果28例手术均顺利,疼痛于术后24h内均明显缓解,术后无脊髓神经根受损表现,X射线片复查,显示病椎高度明显恢复,后凸畸形大部分矫正。结论经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗多节段性老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折安全有效。     

单侧通道椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折的初步临床疗效

目的 探讨单侧通道球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折的临床疗效.方法 自2004年11月-2007年12月,采用单侧通道球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折32例(38椎),观察症状改善及骨折复位情况.结果 手术均顺利完成.术后VAS评分及ODI指数较术前均有显著下降.术后椎体前缘高度和中部高度丢失较术前明显改善.结论 单侧通道球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折创伤小、操作安全、疗效满意.     

Sky骨扩张器在骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折中的初步应用

目的探讨Sky骨扩张器经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法应用Sky骨扩张器行经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折8例。随访观察患者手术前后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS),测量手术前后病椎前缘及后缘高度,并进行比较和统计学分析。结果8例均经椎弓根途径完成手术,手术时间40~70min,骨水泥注入量每个椎体2.5~4.2ml,分布均超过中线。所有患者疼痛缓解,VAS术前为(8.7±1.1)分,术后第3天为(3.5±2.0)分;椎体高度明显恢复,术前骨折椎体前缘平均高度为17.51mm,术后为20.60mm。8例均无并发症发生。结论应用Sky骨扩张器治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折创伤小,初步观察安全有效。     

椎体后凸成形术治疗60例骨质疏松性椎体骨折

目的探讨椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折的疗效。方法对60例骨质疏松性椎体骨折行椎体后凸成形术,对手术前后的疼痛数字评分法(NRS),伤椎高度恢复的情况进行统计学分析。结果本组获随访4~36个月,所有患者疼痛明显缓解,术后NRS评分与伤椎前缘高度比术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论椎体后凸成形术是治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折的一种安全有效的方法。     

经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折61例体会

目的分析经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床效果。方法对61例老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者实施经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗,观察术后疼痛改善、椎体高度恢复及并发症发生率等情况。结果 61例患者均顺利完成手术,术后发生骨水泥渗漏2例(3.28%),未出现其他脊髓或脊神经损伤等严重并发症。术后均随访12~18个月,术后1周及末次随访的VAS评分、椎体前缘高度、Cobbe角测量值均较术前改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PKP治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,能明显改善患者疼痛等症状,且并发症少,效果可靠。     

PKP治疗骨质疏松性多节段椎体压缩性骨折的临床应用研究

目的 探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性多节段椎体压缩性骨折的疗效和安全性.方法 采用Skv膨胀式椎体成形器或球囊扩张对骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折65例238椎(其中Sky组20例,球囊组45例)行经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗.在X线片上测量术前、术后的椎体前缘、中线、后缘的高度及术后后凸畸形纠正范围.术前的临床所见及随访结果 均采用Oswestry功能障碍指数和疼痛视觉模糊评分进行评定.结果 65例术后24 h内疼痛症状明显缓解或消失.后凸畸形纠正范围11～26°,平均17°.随访9～46个月,平均24.8个月,患者诉明显疼痛,X线片示椎体高度未见明显丢失,未出现严重并发症.术后3个月及最后随访时Oswestry功能障碍指数和VAS评分均较术前有明显改善(P<0.05).Sky组与球囊组疗效比较无显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 Sky膨胀式椎体成形器及球囊扩张PKP治疗多发性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,均能迅速缓解疼痛,恢复椎体高度,但球囊对于一次治疗多椎体病变更为经济、适用.     

经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折的临床应用

目的探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折的临床疗效。方法采用PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折27例(46椎)。结果17例(28椎)术中有典型的疼痛复制,8椎发生骨水泥渗漏,未引起临床症状。术后疼痛均明显缓解。术后椎体前缘、中缘、后缘高度及Cobb角与术前相比,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。未发现与手术有关的并发症。结论PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折可以有效缓解疼痛,恢复椎体高度,疗效满意。     

椎体后凸成形术治疗多发性老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折的临床研究

目的 探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗多发性老年骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的疗效. 方法 选取本院2009年1月至2013年6月86例多发性老年骨质疏松性脊柱骨折患者,应用经皮椎体后凸成形术.观察术前和术后VAS疼痛评分,后凸Cobb角及椎体高度压缩率的变化情况. 结果 86例患者术程顺利,患者平均手术时间为50.5±10.6分钟,术中出血量40.5±12.6ml,平均住院时间为5.5±1.5天,所有患者术后VAS疼痛评分、椎体高度压缩率、Cobb角度与治疗前相比,差异均有统计学意义. 结论 经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗多节段老年骨质疏松性脊柱骨折创伤小,止痛效果良好,能较好地恢复椎体高度,很好的矫正后凸Cobb角.     

经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗 老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的探讨经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术（PKP)治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床 效果。方法对69例共叨个老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的患者,均行经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸 成形术。观察指标为术前术后的疼痛视觉模拟评分（vasal analogue scale,VAS )、椎体高度的恢复及 并发症发生情况。结果 W个椎体均经皮行双侧椎弓根穿刺成功完成手术。所有患者疼痛缓解, VAS术前平均为（7. 52 10. 49)分,术后第3天平均为（2. 38 1 0. 22)分;术后1个月VAS平均为（1. 88 ±0. 12)分。术前骨折椎体前缘高度平均为（15.65 1 0. 68 ) mm,术后椎体前缘高度平均为（23.68 1 0.83) mm,术前术后差异有显著性（P < 0. 05 )。骨水泥注射量每个椎体3.5-7.5@1,平均5.5 ml。骨 水泥少量渗漏到椎间隙1个椎体,沿手术通道反流至椎弓根2个椎体,均无临床症状,渗漏率为 3.23%。结论经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术（PKP)治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,能迅速 缓解疼痛,一定程度的恢复椎体高度,临床疗效确切。     

经皮椎体成型术在骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折中的临床应用分析

目的探讨经皮椎体成型术在骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折中的临床疗效。方法对笔者所在医院就诊的18例患者采用经皮椎体成型术治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折,手术在C臂机监测下,经皮向椎体内穿刺并注入骨水泥,并对患者术后椎体疼痛症状及椎体前缘高度进行分析。结果术后全部患者获得随访,随访时间1～18个月,平均11个月,患者腰背部疼痛明显好转,椎体前缘高度无明显继发丢失,椎体后凸角度无明显增大。结论经皮椎体成型术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折安全有效,疗效满意。     

陈旧性与新鲜性压缩骨折行椎体成形术的临床对比研究

目的回顾性对比研究陈旧性与新鲜性椎体压缩性骨折行经经皮椎体成形术（percutaneouss vertebra plasty,PVP）后的临床效果。方法对24例老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者行PVP治疗,将研究对象按陈旧性骨折和新鲜性骨折分为2组,分别拍摄2组术前、术后标准正侧位X线片,从而对骨折椎体高度的恢复、后凸畸形的矫正及疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分进行研究对比。结果所有患者术后平均随访6个月,无严重并发症发生。2组患者术后疼痛缓解且恢复良好,均恢复日常活动能力。但陈旧性压缩性骨折患者术后椎体高度恢复和后凸畸形的矫正程度均不如新鲜性骨折患者。结论 PVP术操作简单、创伤小,对于骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的治疗效果明显,尤其对新鲜骨折效果显著,且对于缓解陈旧性骨折疼痛症状也有良好效果。     

Treatment of pain from osteoporotic vertebral collapse by percutaneous PMMA vertebroplasty

Summary Background. Vertebral compression fractures are common complications in advanced osteoporosis. In general, this disease of the elderly patient is characterized by severe local back pain. Pathophysiologically, bony instability triggers local pain during body movement. Serious pain immobilizes the patients and forces them to bed rest. As a result, complications like thrombosis or pneumonia occur. Invasive treatment with surgical instrumentation for vertebral stabilization is not indicated in elderly patients especially with additional diseases.The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that percutaneous polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) vertebroplasty significantly reduces pain due to vertebral collapse in osteoporotic patients and improves quality of life.Methods. A total of 38 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine were treated by PMMA vertebroplasty. After admission, before discharge from the hospital, six weeks, half a year and one year later patients answered the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability (OLBPD) Questionnaire for assessment of treatment related change in disability. In all patients percutaneous vertebroplasty was performed under local anesthesia.Findings. A total of 92% of patients reported a significant pain reduction immediately after treatment. Also one year after vertebroplasty pain remained significantly reduced. Vertebroplasty was highly beneficial for patients with pain related to local instability of the spine. Extravasation of PMMA beyond the vertebral margins was observed in 26% of the cases. No treatment related clinical or neurological complications were noticed.Interpretation. PMMA vertebroplasty is a useful and safe method of pain relief which rapidly regains quality of life for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression.     

垫枕法联合经皮椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折

目的：观察垫枕法联合经皮椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折的效果。方法：选择老年骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者 40 例，予垫枕法联合经皮椎体成形术治疗，并观察患者术前及术后 1 个月在疼痛缓解、伤椎前缘高度、后凸畸形改善的情况。 结果：40 例患者术前疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale，VAS）（6.76±1.16）、伤椎前缘高度（16.38±2.26）mm 及 Cobb 角（22.17±3.46）?，术后 1 个月 VAS 评分（2.34±0.73）、伤体前缘高度（28.45±6.46）mm及 Cobb 角（8.43±4.34）?，术后 1 个月患者在疼痛缓解、伤椎前缘高度、后凸畸形改善等方面较术前有明显区别（P<0.05）。结论：老年骨质疏松胸腰椎压缩性骨折经垫枕法联合经皮椎体成形术治疗，可明显减轻患者疼痛，改善后凸畸形。     

经皮椎体成形术与经皮后凸成形术治疗胸腰椎压缩性骨折

目的探讨经皮椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP）及经皮后凸成形术（percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP）治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析行PVP或PKP治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折的患者38例,共54个节段,临床均表现为腰背部痛,且无神经症状及体征。其中33个节段采用PKP治疗,21个节段采用PVP治疗。结果术后1个月门诊随访患者疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）与活动能力评分均较术前明显改善,未发生骨水泥渗漏及神经受损等症状。术后3个月复查未见椎体压缩。结论应用PVP或PKP治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折应用PVP或PKP可有效缓解疼痛,恢复椎体高度。     

经皮椎体成形术在骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折治疗中的应用

目的 评估经皮椎体成形术在治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折中的疗效。方法 对19例22个骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折患行经皮椎体成形术。结果 所有患经3～12个月的随访，疗效满意，其中优4例(21％)，良12例(63％)，可3例(19％)。术后5例患需阶段性口服药物缓解疼痛，2例骨水泥外溢，但未造成不良后果。结论 经皮椎体成形术是一种微创治疗方法，用于治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折有明显疗效，可在短时间内解除患痛苦，恢复正常活动。     

Percutaneous vertebroplasty for symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture adjacent to lumbar instrumented circumferential fusion

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous vertebroplasty for patients with symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures adjacent to lumbar instrumented circumferential fusion. Between January 2005 and June 2010, eighteen patients in the authors' institution with lumbar instrumented circumferential fusion had adjacent symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The patients received percutaneous vertebroplasty using polymethylmethacrylate bone cement augmentation. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging were used. The visual analog pain scale and modified Brodsky's criteria were used to compare clinical outcomes pre- and postoperatively. Minimum follow-up was 18 months. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan confirmed osteoporosis in all patients. The average interval between fusion surgery and sustaining osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures was 24.8 months. The average interval between sustaining osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty was 49.3 days. One-level percutaneous vertebroplasty was performed in 13 patients, and 2 levels were performed in 5 patients. The patients' visual analog pain scale scores improved by an average of 53 points postoperatively. Fifteen patients returned to preinjury activities of daily living. The average restoration of the fractured vertebral body height was 12.1%. No major surgery-related complications, occurred except asymptomatic cement leakage in 3 patients. Elderly patients undergoing lumbar instrumented fusion surgery should be aware of the possibility of adjacent vertebral compression fractures. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive and effective procedure to treat such adjacent segment disease.     

三维CT与C型臂X线机引导椎体成形术治疗椎体骨质疏松性骨折的比较分析

目的比较分析三维CT与C型臂X线机引导经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebro-plasty,PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效和特点。方法 60例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者随机分成两组,每组30例,分别以三维CT和C型臂X线机引导经皮椎体成形术,记录手术时间、穿刺次数、骨水泥注射量。术前及术后1 d进行疼痛视觉类比评分(VAS),测量伤椎高度,随访伤椎高度丢失情况。结果随访9～24个月,平均13个月。两组患者均无严重并发症发生,术后疼痛视觉类比评分(VAS)、伤椎高度均较术前明显改善,至末次随访仍效果良好。两组术中比较三维CT引导穿刺准确度高,手术时间较短,但骨水泥注射量较C型臂X线机组少。结论三维CT与C型臂X线机引导经皮椎体成形术疗效无差别,三维CT引导穿刺准确率更高,C型臂X光机引导能够实时监控骨水泥注射过程。     

经皮椎体成形术自固化磷酸钙人工骨充填治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折

目的探讨应用经皮椎体成形术(PVP)自固化磷酸钙人工骨(CPC)充填治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法自2004年1月起,对26例29个椎体骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折患者,采用术中手法复位、PVP自固化CPC充填治疗。结果26例患者经单侧或双侧椎弓根穿刺椎体成形术成功治愈。胸腰椎自固化CPC平均充填量为4.6mL。术中CPC渗漏者5例5个椎体。无一例出现严重并发症。经3～8个月(平均4.6个月)随访,术后所有患者疼痛消失。除3例椎体高度丢失15%外,其余椎体高度平均恢复达正常的80%。结论PVP自固化CPC充填治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折是一种安全、简单、有效的方法。     

Initial outcome and efficacy of "kyphoplasty" in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

STUDY DESIGN: An Institutional Review Board-approved Phase I efficacy study of inflatable bone tamp usage in the treatment of symptomatic osteoporotic compression fractures. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of inflatable bone tamp reduction and cement augmentation, "kyphoplasty," in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Osteoporotic compression fractures can result in progressive kyphosis and chronic pain. Traditional treatment for these patients includes bed rest, analgesics, and bracing. Augmentation of vertebral compression fractures with polymethylmethacrylate, "vertebroplasty," has been used to treat pain. This technique, however, makes no attempt to restore the height of the collapsed vertebral body. Kyphoplasty is a new technique that involves the introduction of inflatable bone tamps into the vertebral body. Once inflated, the bone tamps restore the vertebral body back toward its original height while creating a cavity that can be filled with bone cement. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy consecutive kyphoplasty procedures were performed in 30 patients. The indications included painful primary or secondary osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Mean duration of symptoms was 5.9 months. Symptomatic levels were identified by correlating the clinical data with MRI findings. Perioperative variables and bone tamp complications or issues were recorded and analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were compared to calculate the percentage height restored. Outcome data were obtained by comparing preoperative and latest postoperative SF-36 data. RESULTS: At the completion of the Phase I study there were no major complications related directly to use of this technique or use of the inflatable bone tamp. In 70% of the vertebral bodies kyphoplasty restored 47% of the lost height. Cement leakage occurred at six levels (8.6%).SF-36 scores for Bodily Pain 11.6-58.7, (P = 0.0001) and Physical Function 11.7-47.4, (P = 0.002) were among those that showed significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS: The inflatable bone tamp was efficacious in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Kyphoplasty is associated with early clinical improvement of pain and function as well as restoration of vertebral body height in the treatment of painful osteoporotic compression fractures.