过表达miR-139-5p对胶质母细胞瘤U87MG细胞增殖、侵袭的影响

目的 探讨过表达miR-139-5p对胶质瘤U87MG细胞增殖和侵袭的影响,并初步分析其可能机制.方法 在胶质瘤U87MG细胞中瞬时转染miR-139-5p并用real-time PCR方法验证其转染效率,CCK-8法检测转染后各组U87MG细胞的增殖能力,Transwell实验检测转染后各组U87MG细胞的侵袭能力,Western blot检测转染后各组U87MG细胞中BMI1蛋白的表达,应用生物信息网站Targetscan和双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证BMI1是否为miR-139-5p的靶基因.结果 miR-139-5p过表达使U87MG细胞增殖能力下降,侵袭能力下降,U87MG细胞中BMI1蛋白表达下降,生物信息学分析及双荧光素酶实验证实BMI1为miR-139-5p的靶基因.结论 过表达miR-139-5p抑制U87MG细胞增殖及侵袭能力,与下调BMI1的表达相关.     

miR-202-5p靶向结合TSPAN12抑制胶质瘤细胞的恶性生物学行为

目的 探讨miR-202-5p调控胶质瘤细胞恶性生物学行为的潜在分子机制。方法 应用实时定量PCR实验检测miR-202-5p在人脑胶质瘤U87MG细胞中的内源性表达;实时定量PCR实验和Western blot实验用于检测TSPAN12在人脑胶质瘤U87MG细胞的内源性表达;应用CCK-8、transwell、流式细胞术检测过表达miR-202-5p或沉默TSPAN12对U87MG细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡能力的影响;应用双荧光素酶报告基因分析系统检测miR-202-5p和TSPAN12的结合作用。结果 miR-202-5p在U87MG细胞中低表达,TSPAN12在U87MG细胞中高表达。过表达miR-202-5p或沉默TSPAN12显著抑制U87MG细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭,促进细胞凋亡。miR-202-5p靶向结合TSPAN12 mRNA的3’UTR。结论 miR-202-5p通过靶向结合TSPAN12抑制胶质瘤细胞的恶性生物学行为。     

miR-107抑制胶质瘤细胞的体外增殖、迁移和侵袭

目的探讨miR-107对胶质瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的调控机制。方法运用RT-qPCR检测人正常的星形胶质细胞系NHA、神经胶质瘤细胞系U87、A172、U251中miR-107和FOXK1的表达;将细胞分为miR-NC组(转染miR-NC)、miR-107组(转染miR-107 mimics)、si-NC组(转染si-NC)、si-FOXK1组(转染si-FOXK1)、miR-107+pcDNA3.1组(共转染miR-107 mimics和pcDNA3.1)和miR-107+pcDNA3.1-FOXK1组(共转染miR-107 mimics和pcDNA3.1-FOXK1);用脂质体法分别转染至U87细胞;CCK-8法检测细胞的增殖;Transwell小室实验检测细胞的迁移和侵袭;Western blot检测细胞中FOXK1的蛋白表达;双荧光素酶报告基因检测实验检测细胞的荧光活性。结果与正常的星形胶质细胞NHA相比,神经胶质瘤细胞U87、A172、U251中miR-107表达明显下调,FOXK1表达明显上调(P<0.05);过表达miR-107、敲减FOXK1均可抑制U87细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭;miR-107可抑制野生型FOXK1的细胞荧光活性,并负向调控FOXK1的表达;过表达FOXK1可逆转miR-107对U87细胞增殖迁移侵袭的抑制作用。结论 miR-107抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的作用机制可能与靶向负调控FOXK1有关,将可为胶质瘤的诊断和治疗提供靶向治疗的依据。     

miR-874-3p靶向结合SDC1抑制胶质瘤血管生成拟态

目的本研究旨在探讨miR-874-3p调控胶质瘤血管生成拟态的潜在分子机制。方法应用实时定量PCR检测miR-874-3p在胶质瘤细胞系U87细胞中的表达水平;应用双荧光素酶报告基因分析系统检测miR-874-3p和SDC1的结合作用;应用CCK-8法、transwell法、体外管形成实验检测miR-874-3p或SDC1表达变化对U87细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和管形成能力的影响。结果 miR-874-3p在U87细胞中低表达,过表达miR-874-3p显著抑制U87细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和管形成能力。SDC1在U87细胞中的表达上调,沉默SDC1显著抑制U87细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和管形成能力。miR-874-3p靶向SDC1 3'UTR。结论 miR-874-3p通过靶向结合SDC1抑制胶质瘤血管生成拟态。     

miR-342对胶质瘤细胞增殖,迁移侵袭及凋亡的影响

目的研究miR-342的表达变化对胶质瘤细胞生物学行为的影响。方法应用real-time PCR方法检测miR-342的内源性表达。CCK-8检测细胞增殖,Transwell法检测细胞的迁移侵袭,流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡。结果miR-342在胶质瘤细胞中表达水平较正常脑组织低;过表达miR-342能够抑制U87胶质瘤细胞的增殖、迁移侵袭,促进凋亡;相反,表达沉默miR-342能够促进U251胶质瘤细胞增殖、迁移侵袭,并抑制细胞凋亡(P0.05)。结论miR-342能够调控胶质瘤细胞的增殖、迁移侵袭,起抑癌基因的作用。     

miR-335在胶质瘤中的表达及其对胶质瘤增殖及侵袭的影响

目的探讨miR-335在胶质瘤中的表达及其对胶质瘤增殖侵袭的影响。方法用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测39例胶质瘤组织及其对应癌旁组织miR-335的表达;利用Lipofect AMINETM2000将miR-335模拟物或抑制剂及其阴性对照转染至人U87胶质瘤细胞,分别应用CCK-8法和Transwell小室法检测人胶质瘤U87细胞的增殖及侵袭能力。结果胶质瘤组织中miR-335的相对表达量为0.93±0.09,癌旁组织的miR-335相对表达量为0.33±0.02,胶质瘤组织中miR-335的表达显著低于癌旁组织(P0.01)。与对照组相比,miR-335模拟物能够显著抑制胶质瘤U87细胞系的增殖以及侵袭能力(P0.01);miR-335抑制剂则能够显著上调胶质瘤U87细胞系的增殖以及侵袭能力(P0.01)。结论 miR-335在胶质瘤组织中是低表达的,在胶质瘤U87细胞中过表达miR-335能够抑制细胞的增殖及侵袭能力。     

miR-145在胶质瘤中的表达及其对胶质瘤增殖及侵袭的影响

目的探讨miR-145在胶质瘤中的表达及其对胶质瘤增殖侵袭的影响。方法用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测39例胶质瘤组织及其对应癌旁组织miR-145的表达;利用LipofectA MINET M2000将miR-145模拟物或抑制剂及其阴性对照转染至人U87胶质瘤细胞,分别应用CCK-8法和Transwell小室法检测人胶质瘤U87细胞的增殖及侵袭能力。结果胶质瘤组织中miR-145的相对表达量为17.26±6.05,癌旁组织的miR-145相对表达量为53.58±21.26,胶质瘤组织中miR-145的表达显著低于癌旁组织(P0.01)。与对照组相比,miR-145模拟物能够显著抑制胶质瘤U87细胞系的增殖以及侵袭能力(P0.01);miR-145抑制剂则能够显著上调胶质瘤U87细胞系的增殖以及侵袭能力(P0.01)。结论miR-145在胶质瘤组织中是低表达的,在胶质瘤U87细胞中过表达miR-145能够抑制细胞的增殖及侵袭能力。     

靶向干扰GPx1基因对人胶质母细胞瘤细胞生长和迁移的影响

目的:探讨靶向上调和下调谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1(GPx1)对人胶质母细胞瘤细胞株(U87MG、U118MG)增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响。方法:合成针对GPx1的siRNA和构建、鉴定pc DNA3.1-GPx1重组质粒,分别用LipofectamineTM2000脂质体瞬时转染人胶质母细胞瘤细胞株U87MG和U118MG。Real-time PCR检测U87MG和U118MG中GPx1 mRNA表达。Western blotting法检测转染后GPx1蛋白表达,用MTS检测法和Transwell实验分别检测转染后细胞的活力、迁移及侵袭能力的变化。结果:siRNA干扰U87MG细胞后在24 h、48 h和72 h对细胞活力的抑制率分别为25.9%、35.7%和34.8%,较对照组明显降低(P0.05);质粒转染U118MG细胞后在24 h、48 h和72 h对细胞活力的促进率分别为22.7%、45.8%和39.8%,较对照组明显增加(P0.05);Transwell结果显示经siRNA干扰,U87MG细胞迁移抑制率为41.6%±8.2%,细胞侵袭抑制率为40.4%±10.1%,经siRNA干扰的细胞迁移和侵袭能力明显下降(P0.05);质粒转染后细胞迁移促进率为55.8%±9.8%,细胞侵袭促进率为60.8%±9.2%,经质粒转染的细胞的迁移和侵袭能力显著增强(P0.05)。结论:siRNA下调GPx1表达可抑制人胶质母细胞瘤细胞株U87MG的生长、迁移和侵袭;相反,质粒上调GPx1表达可促进人胶质母细胞瘤细胞株U118MG的生长、迁移和侵袭。     

针对CD44的siRNA对脑胶质瘤细胞U87增殖与侵袭的抑制作用

目的:通过RNA干涉下调CD44在脑胶质瘤细胞U87中的表达,观察CD44的表达抑制对胶质瘤增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。方法:根据CD44基因序列设计并合成的siRNA片段(CD44-siRNA)转染U87细胞,利用荧光实时定量qRT-PCR检测细胞中CD44基因mRNA水平的变化;Western blot检测CD44蛋白水平的变化;MTT法检测U87细胞增殖;单细胞划痕愈合实验、Transwell小室侵袭实验检测U87细胞的迁移与侵袭能力变化。结果:CD44-siRNA下调了U87细胞中CD44mRNA水平与蛋白水平的表达,转染细胞的增殖和迁移侵袭能力下降。结论:CD44-siRNA能够下调CD44的表达,并有效抑制U87脑胶质瘤细胞的增殖及其迁移侵袭力,为以CD44为靶点的脑胶质瘤基因治疗奠定基础。     

ATAD2对人胶质瘤细胞系转移及上皮间质转换的影响

目的探讨三磷酸腺苷酶家族蛋白2(ATAD2)对人胶质瘤细胞的影响。方法用real-time PCR及Western blot检测ATAD2在人胶质瘤细胞系U87MG、U251和正常人星形胶质细胞的表达。U87MG和U251分为对照组(control)、脂质体对照组(mock)、ATAD2 siRNA(转染特异性siRNA)和ATAD2 overexpression(过表达ATAD2)4组,MTT法、Transwell实验观察细胞增殖和侵袭迁移。Western blot检测上皮间质转换标志蛋白上皮钙黏素、神经钙黏素和波形蛋白的表达。结果 U87MG和U251细胞ATAD2高表达。与对照相比,ATAD2 siRNA抑制U87MG和U251细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移、神经钙黏素及波形蛋白表达,促进上皮钙黏素表达(P0.05);ATAD2 overexpression促进细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移、神经钙黏素和波形蛋白表达,降低上皮钙黏素表达(P0.05)。结论 ATAD2可能通过调节上皮间充质转换进程参与人胶质瘤细胞转移。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

Modes of Inheritance of Errors of Refraction

Eighteen families in which both parents had refractions within the range of +4·0 D to −4·0 D and axial lengths seen in emmetropia (22·3-26·0 mm) showed coefficients of correlation of the order 0·5 indicative of polygenic inheritance. Such coefficients were seen for axial length (0·407) and for the cornea (0·487), but not for the lens (which is known to be yoked to the axial length). No such coefficients were seen in 19 families in which one of the parents had axial length outside the emmetropic range (nine families with long axes and 10 with short axes).

The pattern of polygenic inheritance for emmetropia (completely correlated optical components) and errors of refraction up to 4·0 D (inadequately correlated components: correlation ametropia) follows that seen in stature and other measurable characters. In contrast the high refractive errors with their abnormal axial lengths (component ametropia) are—like the extremes in stature—pathological anomalies with monofactorial inheritance.

     

Aspects of the problem of direct introduction of Standards of International Organizations

Editorial note. This article is published as part of a discussion. Particular issues of the article are disputable. First of all, this concerns the so-called “folder” method of introduction of international standards for medical devices to domestic medical practice (i.e., by direct translation of the standards and their publication as standardizing documents). Nevertheless, at least one of the problems, the problem of coordination between domestic state standards for medical devices and international recommendations of ISO and IEC, is undoubtedly of topical importance. Advancement of new health service legislation which is to be approved by law-makers will definitely introduce corrections into the present situation. The Editorial Board of Meditsinskaya Tekhnika believes this article will lessen these problems and to be welcomed by readers.