广州管圆线虫对淡水螺感染性的实验研究

目的比较研究广州管圆线虫对褐云玛瑙螺、福寿螺、中国圆田螺三种食用淡水螺感染性。方法在相同的条件下，用广州管圆线虫Ⅰ期幼虫感染三种螺2、4、8、12及24h后，随机抽样各20只，分别饲养于置有滤水器、水温（24±1）℃的玻璃缸内：记录感染2周内各组螺死亡数。第15d开始解剖，记录螺软体重量和感染虫数。同时设不感染螺对照组。结果三种螺感染后均有死亡，第5d死亡数达高峰。三种螺的感染率和死亡率与螺的种类及感染时间均无相关性，福寿螺感染8、12及24h均显著高于感染2h（P值均〈0．05）；褐云玛瑙螺感染24h均显著高于感染2、4、8及12h的（P值均〈0．05），中国圆田螺感染2、4、8、12及24h各组间差异均无显著性（P值均〉0．05），褐云玛瑙螺感染8、12及24h的虫负荷均显著高于福寿螺和中国圆田螺（P值均〈0．05）。结论褐云玛瑙螺、福寿螺对广州管圆线虫易感并有较高的相容性，其中褐云玛瑙螺的相容性较强。     

佛山市褐云玛瑙螺、福寿螺、中华圆田螺和环棱螺广州管圆线虫感染情况调查

[摘要] 目的 了解佛山市五区（禅城区、南海区、顺德区、三水区、高明区）四种螺（褐云玛瑙螺、福寿螺、中华圆田螺、环棱螺）广州管圆线虫的感染情况。 方法 取螺体组织，用剪刀剪碎加入8ml的生理盐水，过滤沉淀，取上清液，离心，取渣镜检广州管圆线虫Ⅲ期线虫蚴虫为阳性。 结果 共检查褐云玛瑙螺589 只,福寿螺742 只, 中华圆田螺745只，环棱螺751只。广州管圆线虫Ⅲ期蚴虫的阳性率分别为40.75 %，31.54 %，16.51%，19.71%。与国内各地比较四种螺感染广州管圆线虫均处于较高水平。 结论 佛山市五区褐云玛瑙螺、福寿螺、中华圆田螺、环棱螺存在广州管圆线虫感染，其中褐云玛瑙螺在佛山地区广州管圆线虫传播中可能起主要作用，加强佛山市广州管圆虫病的预防和控制工作。     

深圳南山区广州管圆线虫主要螺类宿主感染状况调查

目的了解深圳市南山区广州管圆线虫中间宿主螺类的感染状况,为广州管圆线虫病防治策略的制订提供依据。方法根据地理位置随机选择深圳市南山区5个不同生态环境调查点,采集主要螺类中间宿主标本,以酶消化镜检法检测广州管圆线虫幼虫。结果在深圳市南山区共采集螺类标本392只,其中褐云玛瑙螺135只,小管福寿螺188只,铜锈环棱螺56只,中国圆田螺13只。广州管圆线虫总感染率为11.7%;褐云玛瑙螺和小管福寿螺感染率分别为30.4%和2.7%,前者的感染率高于后者,差异有统计学意义(χ2=49.40,P0.01);铜锈环棱螺和中国圆田螺标本未检出广州管圆线虫。结论深圳市南山区存在广州管圆线虫自然疫源地,褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺是主要中间宿主。     

输入性福寿螺传播广州管圆线虫的潜能研究

目的研究广州管圆线虫对福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺感染性差异,阐述输入性福寿螺在中国作为广州管圆线虫中间宿主传播广州管圆线虫的潜能。方法生态学调查比较福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺生存环境的差异及其在中国目前的地理分布,采集不同地理环境下福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺分析自然环境下广州管圆线虫幼虫的感染率与感染度,同时观察自然环境下野生鼠感染广州管圆线虫的情况;在相同的条件下,用广州管圆线虫I期幼虫感染阴性的福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺,观察福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺在实验室的感染差异。结果对调查点发现的螺类检查发现,自然条件下福寿螺的感染率和感染度均低于褐云玛瑙螺,发现螺重与螺感染度呈正相关,大于20 g福寿螺平均感染度高于20 g以下的螺,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);阳性螺孳生地捕获三种鼠,解剖检查发现广州管圆线虫总感染率为9.24%(22/238),褐家鼠的感染率高于黄胸鼠(P0.05),并且雌鼠的感染率显著高于雄鼠(P0.05);两种螺类在实验室人工感染条件下感染率和感染度比较差异均无统计学差异。结论在自然和实验室条件下褐云玛瑙螺、福寿螺对广州管圆线虫均易感,褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺在自然环境条件下其感染率表现不同。福寿螺在我国适生环境广泛,长江以南均有分布,具备将广州管圆线虫从华南地区扩散到长江以南的潜能,福寿螺的扩散可导致我国广州管圆线虫流行区域的扩大。     

广东省阳春市褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺广州管圆线虫感染的调查

目的 了解广东省阳春市褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺广州管圆线虫的感染情况.方法 在阳春当地采集野生的褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺,在实验室用人工胃液消化法检查其中的广州管圆线虫幼虫并记数.用检获的幼虫感染实验小鼠.结果 共检查褐云玛瑙螺350只,福寿螺465只,广州管圆线虫第3期幼虫的阳性率分别为7.71%和0.86%;感染度分别为1～312和1～4.从上述感染的实验小鼠中检获到广州管圆线虫第4期幼虫,且其血清特异性IgM均为阳性.结论 阳春是广州管圆线虫的自然疫源地,该虫中间宿主以褐云玛瑙螺感染较严重.     

广州管圆线虫对不同宿主感染性的比较研究

目的比较广州管圆线虫在褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺螺体内的发育情况及对BALB/c小鼠和昆明鼠的毒力,寻找适宜的实验室易感宿主。方法连续7d分别用感染大鼠的粪便喂食福寿螺和褐云玛瑙螺,1个月后解剖感染螺,观察螺体内广州管圆线虫幼虫的发育情况及虫数;从褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺分离广州管圆线虫Ⅲ期幼虫(L3)分别感染昆明鼠;而感染BALB/c小鼠的Ⅲ期幼虫来自于褐云玛瑙螺。通过观察感染小鼠的死亡率、体重变化、mmp-9活性、脑组织的病理变化、脑内虫体数及脑脊液总蛋白含量等指标评价不同来源幼虫对不同小鼠的致病力。结果广州管圆线虫在褐云玛瑙螺及福寿螺中的发育无显著性差异,但褐云玛瑙螺感染的幼虫数量高于福寿螺。BALB/c小鼠感染广州管圆线虫后其死亡率、mmp-9活性、脑内虫体数及脑脊液总蛋白含量等明显高于昆明小鼠,其体重减轻、病理变化也更明显。用不同螺来源的Ⅲ期幼虫感染的小鼠其mmp-9活性、脑内虫体数、脑脊液总蛋白含量、体重减轻及脑组织病变程度均无显著差异。结论BALB/c小鼠、褐云玛瑙螺与福寿螺对广州管圆线虫易感,BALB/c小鼠是较好的实验室易感宿主,褐云玛瑙螺与福寿螺来源的广州管圆线虫Ⅲ期幼虫对小鼠的毒力无差异,从环保角度考...     

广东省罗定市广州管圆线虫疫源地调查

目的 了解广东山丘区广州管圆线虫疫源地的分布及宿主种类,为制定广东山丘区广州管圆线虫病防治策略提供科学依据.方法 各种螺类均采用匀浆法把螺肉打碎,置室温下自然沉淀,取沉渣图片镜检.结果 在褐云玛瑙螺、福寿螺和石螺体内发现广州管圆线虫,阳性率分别为13.21%(14/106)、2.00%(2/100)和1.43%(1/70);10只中华圆田螺未发现阳性.结论 山丘区的罗定市为广州管圆线虫病疫源地,褐云玛瑙螺、福寿螺和石螺均可为广州管圆线虫的中间宿主.     

广东罗定褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺广州管圆线虫感染调查

目的了解广东罗定市褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺广州管圆线虫的感染情况。方法使用消化法对从罗定地区的罗城、双东、太平、华石和罗镜五镇所采集的褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺进行消化检查，并用从螺中检获的幼虫感染实验大鼠验证虫种。结果检查褐云玛瑙螺253只和福寿螺676只，检出广州管圆线虫第3期幼虫的平均感染率分别为18．58％和2．07％；平均感染度分别为25．40条／螺和4．57条，螺。太平、罗城和罗镜镇褐云玛瑙螺的感染率分别为14．81％，21．38％；平均感染度分别为18．00条，螺，29．23条，螺。罗城、双东、太平、华石四镇福寿螺感染率分别为2．48％．3．92％，3．14％，0．39％；平均感染度介于1．00-7．75条／螺之间。结论广东罗定地区褐云玛瑙螺和福寿螺均存在广州管圆线虫的感染，以褐云玛瑙螺的感染较严重。     

湖南省抽样点广州管圆线虫宿主分布及其感染情况调查

目的了解湖南地区广州管圆线虫宿主及疫源地的分布。方法从野外、餐饮店、农贸市场等场所采集食用淡水螺、陆生螺、蛞蝓、虾、溪蟹、鱼和青蛙,用组织捣碎匀浆法及过筛沉淀法检查中间宿主、转续宿主体内的广州管圆线虫幼虫;解剖检查野鼠心肺广州管圆线虫成虫。结果7县(市、区)有5县(市、区)从野外捕获到福寿螺;3县从野外捕获中国圆田螺、中华圆田螺、方形环棱螺和蛞蝓,检查均未发现广州管圆线虫幼虫;7县(市、区)均未发现褐云玛瑙螺。6县(市)解剖褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、鼩鼱3种鼠,仅在1只褐家鼠的心脏和肺检获广州管圆线虫成虫8条。结论福寿螺在湖南南部地区分布广泛,首次证实湖南存在广州管圆线虫疫源地。     

深圳市褐云玛瑙螺广州管圆线虫感染调查

目的了解深圳市广州管圆线虫中间宿主褐云玛瑙螺的分布、生态环境与感染情况。方法收集深圳12个不同生态环境褐的云玛瑙螺，以匀浆沉淀镜检法检查感染率与感染度。结果褐云玛瑙螺在深圳广泛分布，12个调查点中10个发现褐云玛瑙螺的存在，其中4个点标本有广州管圆线虫幼虫感染，平均感染率为31％，螺重≥55g的个体感染度显著性的高于〈55g个体（P〈0．01），褐云玛瑙螺主要分布在灌木植被、土壤腐殖质含量高的花园和草地，常在夜间活动，以雨后更为频繁。结论褐云玛瑙螺在深圳市广泛分布且高度感染广州管圆线虫幼虫，为深圳存在散发广州管圆线虫病人的主要原因。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.