腹腔内灌注结合静脉给药双路化疗法治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效观察

目的:比较双路化疗法与静脉单路化疗法治疗晚期大肠癌的疗效及毒副反应.方法:1996年3月至2002年8月间,我科采用随机对照方法,将89例志愿晚期结肠直肠癌患者,分为双路化疗组(44例)及单路静脉化疗组(45例).双路化疗组给予吡喃阿霉素静推、羟基喜树碱静滴,5-Fu同顺铂腹腔灌注;静脉化疗组给予吡喃阿霉素静推、羟基喜树碱静滴、5-Fu静滴及顺铂静滴.两组以21天为一疗程,治疗二疗程结束后评价疗效,随访三年以上.结果:双路化疗组近期完全缓解(CR)率+部分缓解(PR)率为48.7%(19/39),二年生存率为53.8%(21/39),毒副反应轻;静脉化疗组近期CR+PR率为43.9%(18/41),二年生存率为31.7%(13/41),毒副反应重.结论:作者初步认为双路化疗法优于静脉化疗法.由于病例太少,最后结论有待于今后大宗病例的研究.     

双路化疗与静脉化疗治疗晚期胃肠肿瘤疗效分析

目的　评价双路化疗与静脉化疗治疗晚期胃肠肿瘤的疗效及毒副反应。方法　采用随机分组方法 ,将 189例分成双路化疗组 94例 ,给予吡喃阿霉素静推、羟基喜树碱静滴 ,5 Fu及顺铂腹腔灌注 ;静脉化疗组 95例 ,给予吡喃阿霉素静推、羟基喜树碱静滴、5 Fu静滴及顺铂静滴 ,均 2 1天为一疗程 ,每二疗程评价疗效一次 ,随诊三年以上。结果　双路化疗组近期有效率 5 4 3%(5 1/ 94) ,三年生存率 2 6 .6 %(2 5 / 94) ,毒副反应轻 ;静脉化疗组近期有效率 40 0 %(38/ 95 ) ,三年生存率 14 7%(14 / 95 ) ,毒副反应重 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　双路化疗优于静脉化疗。     

HPF与PF方案联合放疗治疗鼻咽癌的临床研究

目的：探讨羟基喜树碱 顺铂 5-氟脲嘧啶化疗方案联合放疗治疗中晚期鼻咽癌的价值。方法：117例经病理学检查确诊的鼻咽癌患者随机分为HPF组和PF组。HPF组60例，用羟基喜树碱16mg／m^2静滴，d1．3天；顺铂50～60mg／m^2，静滴，d1；5-氟脲嘧啶500mg／m^2静滴，d1—5。PF组57例，顺铂50～60mg／m^2，静滴，d1；5—氟脲嘧啶500mg／m^2静滴，d1～5。21天为1周期，共2—4周期，两组均同时进行放疗，鼻咽及颈部病灶：DT60～70Gy／6～7w。颈部预防量：DT 50Gy／5w。结果：HPF组CR6例，PR27例，总有效率(CR PR)55．6％。PF组CR4例，PR23例，总有效率47．36％。中位进展时间HPF组18个月，PF组16个月。1年和3年生存率HPF组为84．78％和74．5％，PF组为82．46％和72．34％。两组Ⅲ度以上的毒副反应小，主要为口腔溃疡、恶心呕吐、白细胞减少。结论：羟基喜树碱 顺铂 5—氟脲嘧啶化疗联合放疗是治疗中晚期鼻咽癌疗效较高，毒副反应较小的方法之一。     

静脉联合腹腔化疗治疗晚期胃肠肿瘤87例临床分析

目的：评价静脉联合腹腔化疗治疗对晚期胃肠肿瘤治疗效果和副作用。方法：对1996年至2000年11月间，我科对采用吡喃阿霉素静推、羟基喜树碱静滴、5-FU及顺铂腹腔灌注方法治疗87例晚期胃肠肿瘤进行分析，总结其的期治疗效果。结果：本组87例，总有效率52.9%(46/87)，中位生存期为15.7月，且毒副反应较轻。结论：静脉联合腹腔化疗是治疗晚期胃肠肿瘤的有效治疗手段，副反应轻，病人易于接受。     

羟基喜树硷联用顺铂、5-氟脲嘧啶、亚叶酸钙治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的 观察羟基喜树碱联用顺铂、5—氟脲嘧啶、亚叶酸钙治疗62例晚期胃癌疗效。方法 羟基喜树碱：10mg／m^2静滴第1—5d，顺铂20mg/m^2静滴第1—5d；亚叶酸钙100mg/d静滴第6—10d，5—氟脲嘧啶750mg/d或500mg／d静滴第6—10d。28天1周期，完成3周期评价疗效。结果 完全缓解(CR)4例，部分缓解(PR)25例，总有效率(CR PR)46．8％。毒副反应主要是白细胞减少、恶心呕吐和腹泻。结论 羟基喜树碱联用顺铂、5—氟脲嘧啶、亚叶酸钙治疗晚期胃癌疗效好，毒副反应轻，值得临床上进一步观察使用。     

丝裂霉素联合顺铂治疗蒽环类及紫杉类耐药晚期乳腺癌23例

23例晚期乳腺癌以丝裂霉素联合顺铂进行化疗：丝裂霉素8mg／m^2静推，d1；顺铂25mg／m^2静滴，d1-3，每21d为1个疗程，化疗2个疗程后评价疗效．CR1例，PR3例，NC6例，PD13例，总有效率43．5％。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、消化道反应等。     

静脉联合腹腔化疗治疗晚期胃肠肿瘤87例临床分析

目的　评价静脉联合腹腔化疗治疗对晚期胃肠肿瘤治疗效果和副作用。方法　对 1996年 3月至 2 0 0 0年 11月间 ,我科对采用吡喃阿霉素静推、羟基喜树碱静滴、5 -FU及顺铂腹腔灌注方法治疗 87例晚期胃肠肿瘤进行分析 ,总结其近期治疗效果。结果　本组 87例 ,总有效率为 5 2 9% (4 6/87) ,中位生存期为 15 7月 ,且毒副反应较轻。结论　静脉联合腹腔化疗是治疗晚期胃肠肿瘤的有效治疗手段 ,副反应轻 ,病人易于接受     

紫杉醇加顺铂结合放疗治疗鼻咽癌的临床研究

目的探讨紫杉醇＋顺铂方案结合同期放疗治疗中晚期鼻咽癌的价值。方法48例经病理学检查确诊为鼻咽癌患者随机分为两组。单放组23例,鼻咽及颈部病灶：DT60—70Gy／6～7周,颈部预防量：DT50Gy／5周。化放组25例,用紫杉醇50mg／m^2静脉点滴d1,8,15,顺铂75mg／m^2静滴d2-4,3—4周为一周期,至少治疗2个周期,放疗与化疗同期进行,放疗方法同单放组。结果化放组25例,CR7例,PR9例,总有效率（CR＋PR）64．0％;单放组23例CR4例,PR5例,总有效率39．1％。1年和3年生存率化放组88．0％和76．0％;单放组为65．2％和60．9％。化放组毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制,恶心、呕吐,口腔黏膜炎。结论化疗联合放疗治疗中晚期鼻咽癌疗效高,毒副反应可以耐受。     

长春瑞滨联合铂类治疗中晚期子宫内膜癌

目的：比较长春瑞滨和紫杉醇分别与铂类联合治疗中晚期子宫内膜癌的近期疗效及毒副反应。方法：33例晚期子宫内膜癌，治疗组（NP方案组）21例，长春瑞滨＋顺铂或卡铂化疗，长春瑞滨25mg／m^2，静注d1、8；顺铂25mg／m^2，静注d1～3，或卡铂（300mg／m^2或者AUC4～5）静脉滴注d1。对照组（TP方案组）12例：紫杉醇135～150mg／m^2，静注d1；顺铂或卡铂用法同前。结果：全组均完成2周期以上化疗，其中CR4例．PR14例，NC10例，PD5例。有效率（CR＋PR）54．54％。NP方案组，CR2例，PR9例，有效率（CR＋PR）52．38％；TP方案组，CR2例，PR5例，有效率（CR＋PR）58．33％，两组间无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。副反应主要为骨髓抑制、白细胞、血小板减少，Ⅲ～Ⅳ度发生率，NP组为71．43％，TP组为75．0％（P〉0．05）。结论：长春瑞滨＋铂类联合与紫杉醇＋铂类联合化疗治疗中晚期子宫内膜癌有相同的疗效且毒副反应可以耐受。     

LFTP方案治疗晚期胃癌39例临床疗效分析

目的 评价LFTP方案治疗晚期胃癌的疗效、毒副作用。方法 吡喃阿霉素(THP)45mg／m^2静点，第1天，顺铂(CDDP)20mg／m^2静点，第1～5天，亚叶酸钙(LV)100mg／d静点，2小时后接5-氟脲嘧啶(5-Fu)600mg／m^2静点8小时，第1～5天，21天为1个期。结果 39例中CR3例(7．7％)，PR17例(43．6％)，近期有效率(ORR)51．3％，中位无进展生存期(mTTP)5个月，本方案剂量限制性毒性为骨髓抑制，Ⅲ、Ⅳ度为4例(10．3％)，胃肠道反应Ⅲ度1例(2．6％)，无化疗相关性死亡。结论 LFTP方案治疗晚期胃癌疗效较好，毒副反应可以耐受，有临床应用价值。     

Compliance with guidelines and correlation with outcome in patients with advanced germ-cell tumours

PurposeTo evaluate prior compliance with guidelines in patients treated with salvage chemotherapy for advanced germ-cell tumours (GCT).Patients and methodsData concerning the initial management of patients requiring salvage chemotherapy for GCT at Institut Gustave Roussy between 2000 and 2010 were obtained and correlated with recommendations for treatment. Criteria of non-compliance were defined based on guidelines. Compliance with guidelines, predictive factors for non-compliance and the impact on outcome were analysed.ResultsAmong 82 patients treated in the salvage setting, guidelines to initial treatment were followed in only 41 cases (50%). The most common non-compliance criteria were non-adherence to the planned dose (16%), an inappropriate interval between first-line chemotherapy cycles (16%), the lack of post-chemotherapy surgery (16%) and a long interval to post-chemotherapy surgery (48%). Compliance with standard care was better in cancer centres than in other hospitals (private or public) (Odd Ratio (OR): 6.9, P = 0.001). A poor-risk status according to the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) was also predictive of compliance in univariate but not in multivariate analysis. No significant difference in outcome after salvage chemotherapy was observed. Patients relapsing after non-compliant first-line therapy tended to be more easily salvaged, which is consistent with the fact that their initial treatment was inadequate. Some of these relapses were therefore probably not due to true biologically refractory disease.ConclusionGuidelines for first-line treatment are adhered to in only half the patients requiring salvage chemotherapy. As the only predictive factor for non-compliance was the treating centre, centralisation of patients with GCT in well-trained hospitals should be recommended.     

Costs associated with complications are lower with capecitabine than with 5‐fluorouracil in patients with colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND:

Capecitabine, an oral alternative to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), has equal clinical efficacy and a favorable safety profile; however, its use may be limited because of unit cost concerns. In this study, the authors measured the cost of chemotherapy‐related complications during treatment with capecitabine‐ and 5‐FU–based regimens.

METHODS:

Patients with CRC who received at least 1 administration of capecitabine or 5‐FU during 2004 and 2005 were identified from the Thomson MarketScan research databases. Monthly frequency and cost for 23 complications were recorded. Logistic regression was used to predict complication probability. General linear models were used to predict monthly complication cost and total monthly expenditure.

RESULTS:

In total, 4973 patients with CRC met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. Although the most frequently observed complications were the same between capecitabine and 5‐FU (nausea and vomiting, infection, anemia, neutropenia, diarrhea), each was observed with greater frequency in 5‐FU–based regimens. The mean predicted monthly complication cost was significantly higher (by 136%) with 5‐FU monotherapy than with capecitabine monotherapy (difference, $601; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], $469‐$737). In addition, the mean predicted monthly complication cost for 5‐FU+oxaliplatin was higher than the cost with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (difference, $1165; 95% CI, $892‐$1595). When acquisition, administration, and complication costs were taken into consideration, there were no significant differences in the total cost between capecitabine regimens and 5‐FU regimens.

CONCLUSIONS:

Capecitabine compared well with 5‐FU–based therapy in patients with CRC and was associated with lower complication rates and associated costs. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.     

Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs

JOHNSTON S.R.D. (2010) European Journal of Cancer Care 19 , 561–563 Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs     

Experience with Impedance Phlebography Compared with Venography

Venography is a particularly reliable method for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis but is not suitable as a screening test. Impedance phlebography represents another attempt to discover a simple, non-invasive and reliable method of detecting deep venous thrombosis. It does not, however, meet these criteria.     

再放疗并同步使用Docetaxel在鼻咽癌放疗后复发病人中的应用

目的:不能手术切除的鼻咽癌放疗后再复发的病人,其治疗困难,化疗疗效差,而单独再放疗只能挽救一小部分病人,本文探讨再放疗并同步使用多西紫彬醇(Docetaxel)在鼻咽癌首次放疗后复发病人中可行性及毒副反应,并评价其疗效。方法:对11例鼻咽癌足量放疗后经组织病理学证实复发、而无法行手术及腔内放疗的患者进行了同步放化疗。放疗采用三维适形放疗,外照射鼻咽部,分次量为1.8Gy,总剂量为36Gy-39.6Gy。化疗采用Docetaxel,15mg/m2,每周一次,静脉滴注。结果:10%、33%的患者分别出现Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度皮肤反应,18%、10%的病人分别出现Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度黏膜反应,18%患者出现Ⅲ度恶心呕吐,27%的患者出现Ⅲ度-Ⅳ度白细胞下降,10%患者出现Ⅲ度血小板下降。1例患者因严重的黏膜反应致使治疗延迟2周。治疗结束后,9例(82%)患者达到CR,2例(18%)达到PR,反应率为100%。结论:对于放疗后局部复发的鼻咽癌患者,采用同步放化疗,3D-CRT同时每周使用Docetaxel是可行的,其毒性反应在可以接受的范围内,短期疗效显著。     

Protothecosis successfully treated with amikacin combined with tetracyclines

Summary We report a case of protothecosis in an 18-year-old female student caused by Prototheca zopfii successfully treated with amikacin combined with tetracyclines. Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine Protothecose, verursacht durch Prototheca zopfii, bei einer 18-j?hrigen Studentin berichtet, die erfolgreich mit Amikacin in Kombination mit Tetracyclinen behandelt wurde.