白细胞介素6诱导小鼠T细胞杂交瘤细胞c—fos基因表达

本文应用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ和斑点杂交技术，观察了ｒＩＬ－６对ＩＬ－６依赖株小鼠Ｔ细胞杂交瘤细胞ＭＨ６０的ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达的诱导作用。结果表明：ｒＩＬ－６可明显诱导ＭＨ６０细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达，具有剂量效应关系。且表达程度与ＩＬ－Ｔ刺激ＭＨ６０细胞增殖速率相平行。提示ＩＬ－６促肿瘤瘤细胞分裂增殖效庆是由活化ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因所介导的。     

逆转录病毒载体介导的IL-4基因修饰对HL-60细胞增殖及T细胞功能的影响

目的观察ＩＬ－４基因转染对ＨＬ－６０增殖及Ｔ细胞功能的影响及其可能机制。方法采用逆转录病毒载体介导基因转染法将人ＩＬ－４基因导入髓系白血病细胞ＨＬ－６０,观察高表达外源性ＩＬ－４基因ＨＬ－６０株的增殖反应及其诱导的正常人ＰＢＭＣ增殖,ＩＬ－２、ＩＬ－６、ＩＦＮ－γ基因表达及肿瘤特异性ＣＴＬ杀伤活性。结果ｒＩＬ－４或瘤细胞产生的ＩＬ－４早期促进ＨＬ－６０细胞增殖,培养５天后则明显抑制其增殖;与ｒＩＬ－４处理的ＨＬ－６０细胞比较,ＩＬ－４基因修饰的ＨＬ－６０细胞明显促进正常人ＰＢＭＣ增殖并合成ＩＬ－２、ＩＬ－６及ＩＦＮ－γｍＲＮＡ,其诱导的特异性ＣＴＬ杀伤活性明显高于野生型ＨＬ－６０、仅导入载体的ＨＬ－６０和加入ｒＩＬ－４共育的ＨＬ－６０细胞诱导者。结论ＩＬ－４基因转染在影响ＨＬ－６０细胞增殖和分化过程的同时,可能促进某些抗原（如ＭＨＣⅠ类抗原）的抗原性,从而有利于机体建立有效的抗肿瘤免疫反应。     

白细胞介素－1和阿片肽促进大鼠大脑皮层神经细胞c－fos及c－jun mRNA表达

对白细胞介素－１（ＩＬ－１）、脑啡肽、β－内啡肽及即刻早期基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ与癫痫发病机理的研究。结果显示ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－１受体拮抗剂、β－内啡肽、抗β－内啡肽抗血清、亮－脑啡肽（ＬＥ）均能促进大脑皮层神经细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎｍＲＮＡ表达，但ＩＬ－１受体拮抗剂、抗β－内啡肽抗血清促ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎｍＲＮＡ表达量明显低于ＩＬ－１、ＬＥ及β－内啡肽的作用，并能部分抑制后者的作用；ＩＬ－１、β－内啡肽、ＬＥ促ｃ－ｆｏｓｍＲＮＡ表达在一定范围呈现量效关系；ＩＬ－１诱导ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎｍＲＮＡ表达呈现时间效应关系，均为短暂表达。由于具有不同生物学效应的因子均能诱导不同程度ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎｍＲＮＡ表达，提示它们对靶基因的调控具有正性及负性双向性，对神经细胞兴奋性产生不同作用。     

逆转录病毒载体介导的IL—4基因修饰对HL—60细胞？…

目的 观察ＩＬ－４基因转染对ＨＬ－６０增殖及Ｔ细胞功能的影响及其可能机制。方法 采用逆转病毒载体介民基因转染法将人ＩＬ－４基因导入髓系白血病细胞ＨＬ－６０,观察高表达外源性ＩＬ－４基因ＨＬ－６０株的增殖反应及其诱导的正常人ＰＢＭＣ增殖,ＩＬ－２、ＩＬ－６、ＩＦＮ－γ基因表达及肿瘤特异性ＣＴＬ杀伤活性。结果 ｒＩＬ－４或瘤细胞产生的ＩＬ－４早期促进ＨＬ－６０细胞增殖,培养５天后则明显和抑制其增殖;与     

小鼠白细胞介素6的cDNA克隆及其在昆虫细胞中的表达

本文采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术从ＬＰＳ刺激后的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，扩增小鼠ＩＬ－６ｃＤＮＡ，并克隆构建ｐＧＥＭ－３Ｚｆ（＋）ＩＬ－６质粒，继将小鼠所得ｃＤＮＡ克隆到ｐＶＬ１３９２载体上，利用杆状病毒ＡｃＮＰＶ表达系统在Ｓｆ９中进行瞬间表达，用ＩＬ－６依赖细胞株ＭＨ６０·ＢＳＦ２检测其表达活性，结果表明，感染后４８ｈ后就具有明显ＩＬ－６表达，由此可见，利用该系统可成功地表达小鼠ＩＬ－６基因。     

白细胞介素—1和阿片肽促进大鼠大脑皮层神经细…

对白细胞介素－１（ＩＬ－１）、脑啡肽、β－内啡肽及即刻早期基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ与癫痫发病机理的研究。结果显示ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－１受体拮抗剂、β－内啡肽、抗β－内啡肽抗血清、亮－脑啡肽（ＬＥ）均能促进大脑皮层神经细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ ｍＲＮＡ表达，但ＩＬ－１受体拮抗剂、抗β－内啡肽抗血清促ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ ｍＲＮＡ表达量明显低于ＩＬ－１、ＬＥ及β－内啡肽的作用，并能部分抑制后者的作用     

IL-6、IL-1β、TNFα对人胎大脑神经细胞c-fos、c-jun的表达调控

目的：探讨ＩＬ－６、ＩＬ－１β、ＴＮＦα在大脑神经细胞体外发育过程中对原癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ的表达调控规律。方法：应用人胎大脑神经细胞无血清原代培养模型。通过ＤＮＡ－ＲＮＡ斑点杂交,采用计算机图像分析系统测定杂交点的平均灰度值。结果：ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ的表达均在ＩＬ－６、ＩＬ－１β、ＴＮＦα作用后１５～３０ｍｉｎ开始上调,１ｈ达高峰,而后下降。结论：这些细胞因子均在转录水平上促进神经细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ的表达。为分析其生物学效应的分子机制奠定基础。     

即早基因表达与惊厥

细胞外刺激能够诱导细胞内即早基因快速一过性表达，其表达产物包括转录因子和细胞因子（ｃｙｔｏｋｉｎｅ）。即早基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ和ｆｏｓ、ｊｕｎ相关基因的表达产物是转录因子ＡＰ－１的组成成分。一般认为即早基因参与偶联神经元的兴奋性和细胞的应答反应。本文综述了惊厥后神经元兴奋一转录偶联的有关分子机制。     

人可溶性IL-6R基因在COS7细胞中的表达及活性分析

目的在ＣＯＳ７细胞中表达具有生物学功能的人可溶性ＩＬ－６Ｒ（ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ），作为研究ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ结构与功能关系的基础。方法首先利用ＰＣＲ技术扩增出人可溶性ＩＬ－６Ｒ（ｈｓＩＬ－６Ｒ）编码基因片段，并重组入克隆载体ｐＡＬＴＥＲ－１。通过基因序列分析确定了目的基因的核苷酸序列，并进一步构建了由ＳＶ４０晚期启动子和ＨＣＭＶ早期启动子控制的表达质粒ｐＳＶＬ６Ｒ和ｐＣＭＶ６Ｒ。用脂质体介导的方法将表达质粒转染ＣＯＳ７细胞，并分别在ｍＲＮＡ水平（斑点杂交）和蛋白水平（ＥＬＩＳＡ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ）检测ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ基因在ＣＯＳ７细胞中的表达。在７ＴＤ１，ＬＴ１２两种ＩＬ－６反应细胞系上检测转染细胞上清（含ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ）的生物学活性。结果在ｍＲＮＡ水平和蛋白水平分别检测到ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ基因在ＣＯＳ７细胞中的表达，表达产物分子量约为５００００。表达产物在７ＴＤ１，ＬＴ１２细胞系上检测到明显的生物学活性。结论天然ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ基因在ＣＯＳ７细胞中的成功表达为进一步制备ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ突变体及其结构与功能关系的研究奠定了基础     

脑创伤组织提取液对培养星形胶质细胞的形态特征及FOS基因表达的影响

本研究应用分子杂交和形态学方法观察脑创伤组织提取液对培养大鼠脑星形胶质细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ原癌基因表达的影响及形态特征改变。发现在分散培养７ｄ后换置于含有脑创伤组织提取液的培养液３０～６０ｍｉｎ，斑点杂交显示星形胶质细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ原癌基因表达比加正常脑组织提取液组明显，２ｈ后表达减弱．统计学表明有显著差异．推测损伤因素引起了ｃ－ｆｏｓ原癌基因表达．当将脑创伤组织提取液加入新生鼠星形胶质细胞培养液３ｄ后，体视学观测其细胞数无明显增加．以上结果提示损伤因素诱导星形胶质细胞内表达ＦＯＳ蛋白可能刺激反应性胶质增生．     

细胞原位杂交技术检测c—fos mRNA在U937细胞中的表达

应用原位杂交技术检测了U937细胞c-fos 基因表达水平。检测结果指出,TPA 所诱导的c-fos mRNA 表达具有明显的剂量效应关系。同时尚证实GM-CSF,TNF,IL-9,IL-3,IL-6可诱导增加U937细胞c-fos 基因的表达,其中以GM-CSF、TNF 的作用最强。     

Dominant-negative effect of the c-fos family gene products on inducible NO synthase expression in macrophages

Activation of murine peritoneal macrophages or the macrophage cell line RAW264 with IFN-gamma and bacterial lipopolysaccharide promotes a transient up-regulation of c-fos family gene expression following inducible NO synthase (iNOS) production. Since introduction of a double mutation into the two AP-1-binding sites in the iNOS promoter region reduced the promoter activity to 25% of the authentic one in activated RAW264 cells, the induced c-Fos/AP-1 may promote iNOS expression in activated macrophages. Surprisingly, overexpression of c-fos in activated macrophages completely suppressed the production of iNOS, but not that of IL-6 and IL-1beta. The regulatory effect was also observed by overexpression of c-fos, c-jun or fosB on the promoter activity as deduced from transfection experiments. However, the mutation of AP-1-binding sites in the promoter region did not abrogate the regulatory effect of c-fos and the effect of c-fos was diminished by co-transfection with c-jun, but not with fosB, suggesting no relation between the regulatory effect and a c-Fos/AP-1 complex. Expression of NF-IL6 (C/EBPbeta), whose gene product can make a non-functional heterodimer with c-Fos family proteins, was transiently induced in activated macrophages. Overexpression of NF-IL6 in activated RAW264 cells augmented iNOS promoter activity and reduced the regulatory effect of c-fos overexpression. Thus, overproduction of c-Fos family proteins acts as a dominant-negative-type regulator on iNOS expression in activated macrophages.     

Interleukin 10 Induced C-FOS Expression in Human B Cells by Activation of Divergent Protein Kinases

IL-10 is a potent mediator of human B cell growth and plasma cell formation However, signal transduction of IL-10 in B cells is poorly understood. In this study the effect of IL-10 on the expression of the protooncogene c-fos was investigated, because Fos plays a potential role in the regulation of B cell proliferation and differentiation. B cells were purified from buffy coat preparations of healthy blood donors by positive selection using an anti CD20 monoclonal antibody and a MiniMACS separation unit. B cells were prestimulated with SAC for 48 hrs Then, cells were incubated with medium or IL-10 (100 ng/ml) for 10 to 120 min. RNA was extracted by phenol/chloroform and c-fos expression was analyzed by PCR assisted mRNA assay. A significant 2–4 fold increase of c-fos expression was observed within 30 min of stimulation with IL-10 (p < 0,01). After 2 hrs c-fos expression declined to basal levels The effect of IL-10 was dose-dependent with a maximum stimulation using 100 ng/ml of IL-10. The IL-10 effect on c-fos expression was not blocked by polymyxin B. Using the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (10μM) a complete inhibition of IL-10 induced c-fos expression was observed In addition, H-7 (10μM), a specific inhibitor of serine/threonin kinases, significantly blocked IL-10 mediated c-fos expression (p < 0,05). In conclusion, these data show that IL-10 induces c-fos expression in human B-cells by activation of tyrosine and serine/threonin kinases. Since this is the first report on IL-10 induced signal transduction, these data may help to identify the intracellular mechanisms by which IL-10 stimulates human B-cells.     

缺氧再灌注斑马鱼胚胎脑部细胞凋亡及c-fos基因的表达

背景：国外已经有学者使用斑马鱼胚胎开始进行缺氧再灌注的研究,但还没有关于c-fos基因在斑马鱼脑缺氧再灌注过程中的表达及其作用机制的报道。 目的：观察缺氧再灌注后斑马鱼胚胎脑部细胞凋亡及脑组织中c-fos基因的表达情况。 方法：取48 hpf的斑马鱼胚胎进行缺氧实验,模拟新生儿缺氧再灌注损伤环境,通过向水中通入99.999%高纯氮气制造缺氧环境,分别经过6,12,24 h的缺氧处理后,在正常氧体积分数下进行6 h恢复。对照组为正常通气组(溶解氧浓度在7.0 mg/L左右)。采用吖啶橙染色方法,观察不同缺氧时间对斑马鱼神经细胞凋亡的影响,同时采用实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测系统(qPCR),对c-fos基因表达情况进行定量分析,比较缺氧再灌注前后c-fos基因表达水平的变化。 结果与结论：对照组脑部能检测到微量细胞凋亡,c-fos基因呈低水平表达;实验组经过6,12,24 h缺氧后,脑部凋亡细胞逐渐增多,缺氧24 h组凋亡细胞增幅最大(P < 0. 05),c-fos基因表达有不同程度升高(P < 0.05),尤其是缺氧6 h后,该基因的表达上调幅度最高。结果表明缺氧会导致斑马鱼脑细胞内c-fos基因表达上调,可能是导致缺氧后期脑细胞凋亡激增的机制之一。     

Interferon-gamma stimulates the secretion of IL-1, but not of IL-6, by glomerular mesangial cells.

IL-1 activity in culture supernatant and cell lysate from rat mesangial cells stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was measured by a thymocyte proliferation assay. While IFN-gamma alone had no effect on the secretion or the intracellular pool of IL-1, the enhancement by IFN-gamma of IL-1 secretion in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was observed. The stimulatory effect of culture supernatant on thymocyte proliferation was abrogated by preincubation with the anti-IL-1 antibody. At least 4-h incubation with IFN-gamma and LPS was required to detect enhancing effect of IFN-gamma. The addition of as little as 1 U/ml IFN-gamma significantly increased IL-1 secretion in the presence of 10 micrograms/ml LPS. The IL-6 activity in culture supernatants was determined by measurement of thymidine uptake in mouse IL-6-dependent cell line (MH60.BSF2). Mesangial cells secreted IL-6 in culture supernatant without additional stimuli and LPS distinctly increased it as described previously. However, in contrast to IL-1 production, no effect of IFN-gamma on IL-6 secretion was observed in the presence or absence of LPS. Moreover, we determined whether enhanced IL-1 release is associated with Ia expression on mesangial cells. IFN-gamma alone and the combination with LPS induced marked expression of Ia antigen, whereas LPS alone did not. We conclude that IFN-gamma stimulates the production of IL-1, but not IL-6, by mesangial cells and suggest an important role of IFN-gamma in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis by regulating the mesangial production of IL-1 and the accessory cell function of mesangial cells.     

Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells produce IL-6 as an autocrine growth factor.

The continuous proliferation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized B cells is enhanced by autocrine as well as paracrine growth factors. In the present study, the possibility that EBV-immortalized B cells might produce interleukin-6 (IL-6) proteins in an autocrine manner was examined. It was found that culture supernatants from EBV-transformed B cells, but not from Burkitt's lymphoma lines, augmented the proliferation of an IL-6-dependent murine hybridoma clone, MH60.BSF2. This growth-promoting activity for hybridoma cells found in culture supernatants of EBV-transformed B cells was specifically neutralized by rabbit anti-recombinant (r) IL-6 antibody. The IL-6 activity in culture supernatants of EBV-transformed B cells, though much less than that of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated monocytes, was increased by the addition of phorbol myristate acetate. Western blot experiments using rabbit anti-rIL-6 antiserum demonstrated that supernatants from cultured EBV-transformed B cells contained the distinct forms of IL-6, with a peak of 23,000 MW. When examined by in situ hybridization analysis, it was found that IL-6 mRNA were expressed on EBV-transformed B cells. It was noted that a fraction, but not all, of these cells expressed IL-6 mRNA strongly, implying their cell cycle-dependent expression. In addition, it was shown that rIL-6 promoted the growth of EBV-transformed B cells at low cell densities. The results suggest that IL-6 serves as an autocrine growth factor in EBV-transformed B cells.     

Establishment of a murine pre-B cell clone dependent on interleukin-7 and stem cell factor.

To identify cytokines required for proliferation of murine pre-B cells, we established a pre-B cell clone MH11 (B220+ MB-1+ sIgM-) on a stromal cell line ST2 from day 13 fetal liver. The growth of MH11 is dependent on ST2. Another stromal cell line PA6, non-secretor of IL-7, could not support MH11 unless IL-7 was added. We investigated the effect of cytokines on proliferation of MH11 with or without stromal cells. IL-7 had a stimulatory effect on proliferation of MH11, but IL-7 alone could not support MH11 growth without ST2. Recombinant stem cell factor (rSCF) also had a positive effect on MH11. rSCF and rIL-7, when added together, could maintain the growth of MH11 in the absence of stromal cells. Moreover, the growth of MH11 on ST2 was inhibited almost completely by anti-c-kit monoclonal antibody (mAb). These results demonstrate that direct SCF/c-kit interaction is involved in the stimulation of pre-B cells.