蛇床子挥发油GC和GC-MS指纹图谱的研究

目的 采用GC和GC-MS色谱法研究并建立各产地蛇床子药材挥发油成分的指纹图谱.方法 用DB-5石英毛细管柱(0.25 mm×30 m,0.25 μm);以高纯氮为载气;流速1.0 mL·min-1;FID检测器.结果 蛇床子药材指纹图谱选定了10个共有峰,峰面积之和大于总峰面积的90%,并且通过质谱进行了鉴别.结论 本法重现性好,可结合蛇床子药材的HPLC指纹图谱评价其质量.     

怀菊花挥发性成分的GC指纹图谱研究

目的建立怀菊花挥发性成分的GC指纹图谱分析方法。方法采用GC法。色谱柱:HP-5(5%)-二苯基聚硅氧烷共聚物,毛细管柱(30.0m×320μm,0.25μm);检测器:氢焰离子化检测器(FID);检测器温度:180℃;载气:氮气;载气流量:2.3mL/min;空气流量:300mL/min;氢气流量:30mL/min;程序升温。建立怀菊花的GC指纹图谱。结果确定了怀菊花的GC指纹图谱中27个共有峰,各怀菊花样品指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱相似度均在0.9以上。结论此方法简单、准确、重现性好,为怀菊花的质量控制标准提供了有效的方法。     

姜黄挥发油成分气相指纹图谱研究

目的建立姜黄挥发油成分气相指纹图谱,为控制姜黄的质量提供科学依据。方法采用气相色谱法,Elite-WAX ETR(0.25μm×0.25mm×30m)柱;程序升温:初始温度40℃,以7℃/min升至130℃,再以10℃/min升至200℃,保持15min;载气为高纯氮气(≥99.999%),载气流量2.0Ml/min;分流比为10∶1,检测器:FID,检测器温度:280℃,进样口温度:250℃。结果分析10个批次的姜黄样品后,得到18个共有峰,建立了姜黄挥发油成分气相指纹图谱,且各批次样品相似度均在0.90以上。结论建立了姜黄挥发油成分气相指纹图谱,该方法简单可靠,安全易行,可为姜黄整体质量评价提供依据。     

泽泻药材的GC指纹图谱研究

目的建立泽泻药材的GC指纹图谱。方法采用毛细管气相色谱法测定了16个不同批次的泽泻样品。色谱条件:SGE30QC3/AC20石英毛细管色谱柱,程序升温65～185℃,进样口温度250℃,检测器(FID)温度250℃,分流比为10∶1。结果泽泻药材的GC指纹图谱由18个特征峰构成,不同产地药材的GC指纹图谱有一定差异。结论本研究建立的GC指纹图谱有较好的稳定性和重现性,能反映不同来源泽泻药材中挥发性成分的差异。     

辛夷挥发油类成分气相色谱一质谱仪指纹图谱研究

目的建立辛夷挥发油成分气相色谱-质谱（GC—MS）指纹图谱。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取辛夷挥发油，用GC—MS进行成分分析。色谱柱：HP-5MS（50m×0．20mm×0．33μm）石英毛细管柱；载气：99．9％氦气；载气流速：1．0ml／min；质谱扫描范围：30～550amu。结果建立了辛夷挥发油类化学成分GC—MS指纹图谱，标定了19个共有指纹特征峰，方法学考察符合指纹图谱技术要求。结论本法可为辛夷药材质量控制提供科学依据。     

去感热注射液质量研究

目的 通过对去感热注射液质量研究，建立可靠的质量控制方法。方法 分别采用TLC法、HPLC法对青蒿和芦竹根进行定性鉴别；采用GC和HPLC色谱指纹图谱分别分析去感热注射液所含挥发性成分及非挥发性成分，提取共有峰并进行相似度计算；用HPLC法测定新分离出来并进行结构确定的活性成分芦竹辛的含量；其他对去感热注射液中的重金属、砷及有关物质进行了检查。结果 建立稳定可靠的鉴别、指纹图谱及含量测定方法。其中GC指纹图谱提取挥发性成分共有峰9个，HPLC指纹图谱提取非挥发性成分共有峰17个，GC和HPLC指纹图谱重复性试验相似度的RSD分别为0．21％、0、26％。含量测定中芦竹辛在0、05～0．5μg范围内呈良好线性关系（r=1．000），平均回收率102．4％，RSD为2．5％。结论 指纹图谱与活性成分含量测定相结合的分析方法能更全面反映去感热注射液整体质量，是一种有效的中药质量分析方法。     

消炎止咳片的指纹特征研究

目的：建立消炎止咳片的HPLC定量和TLC定性指纹特征图谱。方法：用TLC法对消炎止咳片中的主要成分麻黄、穿心莲进行定性鉴别；用HPLC法测定消炎止咳片中脱水穿心莲内酯的含量。结果：TLC特征图谱均能明显地检出麻黄、穿心莲；HPLC法测得本品中的特征图谱可确定脱水穿心莲内酯的含量，在0．05～0．25μg的范围内，溶液的浓度与峰面积呈良好的线形关系，r=0．9997。平均回收率为98．53％（n=5），RSD为1．4％。结论：建立的指纹特征图谱能准确、快速地进行定性、定量检测，可用于该制剂的内在质量控制。     

白术GC-MS指纹图谱研究

目的建立白术药材挥发性成分GC-MS指纹图谱分析方法,为白术质量评价提供依据。方法采用GC-MS联用技术对不同产地白术的挥发性成分进行分析,建立其指纹图谱,确定共有指纹峰。结果白术挥发性成分中含有18个特征性指标成分,初步建立了以此18个共有峰为特征指纹信息的GC-MS指纹图谱。结论该方法准确可靠,重现性好,可作为白术内在质量评价的依据。     

北柴胡气相指纹图谱数据的化学计量学分析

目的 对北柴胡挥发性成分的气相指纹图谱进行化学计量学研究,提取出指纹图谱中的特征数据信息。方法 运用Agilent 7890A气相色谱仪,安捷伦HP-5毛细管气相色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 µm),载气为氮气,流速为1.03 mL·min-1,FID检测温度为280 ℃,对不同产地北柴胡样品进行分析。运用指纹图谱处理软件对指纹图谱数据进行相似度分析、聚类分析及主成分分析。结果 建立了北柴胡挥发性成分的指纹图谱共有模式,获得了28个共有峰。依据化学计量学分析,将样品分成了3类。结论 结果表明化学计量学分析方法适用于指纹图谱数据的分析,可为定量研究提供依据,有助于柴胡药材的质量评价研究。     

辛夷挥发油类成分气相色谱-质谱仪指纹图谱研究

目的 建立辛夷挥发油成分气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)指纹图谱.方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取辛夷挥发油,用GC-MS进行成分分析.色谱柱:HP-5MS(50m×0.20mm×0.33μm)石英毛细管柱;载气:99.9%氦气;载气流速:1.0mL/min;质谱扫描范围:30～550amu.结果 建立了辛夷挥发油类化学成分GC-MS指纹图谱,标定了19个共有指纹特征峰,方法学考察符合指纹图谱技术要求.结论 本法可为辛夷药材质量控制提供科学依据.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.